译林版（2019）必修三： Unit 1 Nature in the balance Reading I II 课件（52张ppt)）

(共52张PPT)
Nature in the balance
B3U1
Listen to a song
What is the message of the song
1
Welcome to the unit
The message is the main or most important idea that someone is trying to tell people about in a film, book, speech etc.
The Amazon rainforest:
A natural treasure
Type of passage
Q: Where is the article taken from
The Amazon rainforest:
A natural treasure
documentary script (原稿）
structure
Complete part A1 on page 4 with the main idea of each paragraph.
Para. 1: Introduction to the Amazon rainforest
Para. 2: Basic information about the rainforest
Para. 3: _____________________________________
Para. 4: ______________________________________
Para. 5: ______________________________________
Plant biodiversity; levels of the rainforest
Animal biodiversity; food chain
The rainforest’s value to the human race; threats to the rainforest
A huge sea of: a lot of, plenty of （大量的，许多）
Be alive with: be full of things that are alive (充满，到处都是）
Introduction
What springs to your mind when you read this sentence？
Welcome to the jungle, a huge sea of green alive with the sounds of animals.
01
Basic information
2
The author writes about the ______, the ______,
the ______ and the ______ of the Amazon rainforest.
location
size
name
biodiversity
With an area of around 6 million square kilometers, the Amazon rainforest is more than half the size of China.
Basic information
2
The Amazon River is close to 6,400 kilometres in length—roughly 100 kilometres longer than the Yangtze River.
Why does the author make such comparisons
Who can be the target audience of the documentary
Plants; different levels
3
Brazil nut tree
Water lily
3
a system of roots （根系）
The forest’s different levels
the tops（树冠） of the tallest trees
the mass of leaf litter（落叶层）
shorter plants with large leaves
towering ancient hardwoods（阔叶树）
Animals; food chain
4
Jaguars
Insects
At least 87 species, including frogs
Leaves and fruit
Microorganisms
feed on
break down
feed on
feed on
nutrients
Significance; threat
5
Why is it called “lungs of the planet”
What endangers the rainforest
Significance; threat
5
Can we afford to damage the lungs of the planet Why
discussion
What’s the purpose of this passage
To introduce…
To appeal to people to…
8
6 million
6,400
40,000
1,300
400
20%
17%
The Amazon rainforest: a natural treasure
Language focus
harm
variety
survive
thus
impact
in turn
break down
due to
build up
Key words
01
harm
[uncountable] damage or injury that is caused by a person or an event
伤害；损害
Our children deserve protection from harm.
This accident will do serious harm to my business.
All dogs are capable of _______________ human beings.
只要是狗就可能会咬人。
do harm to sb= do sb harm
doing harm to
01
harm
[uncountable] damage or injury that is caused by a person or an event
伤害；损害
The treatment did him more harm than good.
She's a terrible gossip but she means no harm.
It wouldn't do you any harm to get some experience first.
He may not be able to help but there's no harm in asking him.
[v] to hurt or injure sb or to damage sth
伤害；损害
Watching violence on TV can harm children.
Living together didn't harm our friendship. If anything it strengthened it.
你的坏习惯一定已经伤害了你的健康。
Your bad habits must have harmed your health.
01
harm
派生词
The polluted water and air are ______(harm) to people's health.
Don’t worry. This experiment was ______(harm) to the animals.
01
harm
02
variety n.
A variety of something：
a lot of things of the same type that are different from each other in some way. 多种多样的
People change their mind for a variety of reasons.
The island offers such a wide/great variety of scenery and wildlife.
桌上菜肴之丰富让我叹服。
I was impressed by the variety of dishes on table.
02
variety n.
[UNCOUNT] If something has variety, it consists of things which are different from each other.
变化;多样化
We all need variety in our diet.
The music itself has so much variety.
Occasionally working from home adds variety to a job.
diversity
02
variety n.
[CN] type 品种;种类；
The lake has more than 20 varieties of fish.
a variety show
综艺节目
He decided to leave school for __________(variety) reasons .
The heights of the plants ______ (variety) from 8 cm to 20 cm.
派生词
02
variety
various
vary
这些鱼重3到5公斤不等。
These fish vary in weight from 3 kg to 5 kg.
03
survive (v.)
Vi. to continue to live or exist 存活；继续存在；挺过
Only 12 of the 140 passengers survived.
I've had a tough few months, but I'll survive.
The organization cannot survive unless we make some changes.
Some strange customs have survived from earlier times.
an old custom which has survived into the twenty-first century
I don't know how you survive on such a small salary.
03
survive (v.)
Vt. to continue to live or exist despite a dangerous event or time
She survived the attack.
The company managed to survive the crisis.
Many birds didn't survive the cold winter.
Few buildings survived the war.
I don’t know how I ever survived NSFZ.
The old lady has survived all her children.
比…活（存在）的时间长
Illegal hunting is threatening the ____________(survive) of the species.
survival of the fittest
适者生存
Officials said there were no ____________(survive) of the plane crash.
派生词
3
survive
survival
survivors
04
impact
1. = powerful effect
[countable , usually singular]
Winning this competition could have a great impact on my life.
The meeting is expected to have a significant impact on the future of the country.
have an impact on sth
网上购物对传统书店有严重影响。
Internet shopping has a serious impact on traditional bookshops.
04
impact
2. the force of one object hitting another
撞击，冲撞；冲击力
Airbags are designed to soften the impact of a car crash.
The plane is destroyed, a complete wreck: passengers must have died on impact.
1. = hence , therefore 因此
Someone had removed all the evidence. Thus, it was impossible for the police to continue their investigation.
Jimmy is adopted and thus unrelated to Beth by blood.
2. =in this way 以此方式；如此
The judge expressed it thus: “Our duty is to discover the truth.”
05
thus (adv.)
05
thus (adv.)
The universities have expanded, thus ______(allow) many more people the chance of higher education.
They allow young people to exchange experiences in their daily lives and thus ______ (have) a sense of connection with friends.
06
in turn
one after the other in a particular order 依次；轮流；逐个
The children called out their names in turn.
The host filled the guests’ glasses in turn.
2. as a result 相应地；转而；反过来
Working outside can mean too much sun exposure, which in turn can lead to skin cancer.
任何理论都来源于实践，反过来为实践服务。
All theories originate from practice and___________________.
in turn serve practice
07
Build up
1. INCREASE GRADUALLY
The museum has built up a fine art collection.
build up trust
If you don't express your feelings, frustration and anger can build up.
2. DEVELOP
He's built up the family firm into a multinational company.
3. HEALTH
Taking exercise will build up your strength.
machine, car ~
discussion, relationship, system ~
a substance (物质) ~
sb. ~
~ sth difficult such as an idea or statement to understand it
~ door, window
~barriers, prejudices
08
Break down
Let us not, however, flatter ourselves overmuch on account of our human victories over nature. For each such victory nature takes its revenge on us.
—Friedrich Engels
flatter yourself (that…)
to choose to believe sth good about yourself, especially when other people do not agree
自以为是; 高看自己
2. If something happens overmuch, it happens too much.
过度地
3. on account of
= because of 因为；由于
4. If you take revenge on someone who has hurt you, you hurt them in return.
报复
Let us not, however, flatter ourselves overmuch on account of our human victories over nature. For each such victory nature takes its revenge on us.
—Friedrich Engels
但是我们不要对我们人类对自然界的胜利过分自以为是。对于每一次这样的胜利，自然界都对我们进行报复。
——弗里德里希·恩格斯
Useful expressions
P1
do much harm (to the earth)
sound the alarm 拉响警报
be thankful for the skies above
P2
is full of natural wonders
the documentary script 纪录片文字稿
is home to a wide range of wildlife
Useful expressions
Para 1
Be alive with… 充满（活的或动的东西）
play a significant role in maintaining the fine balance of the Earth’s ecosystem
Para 2
cross into 8 countries 横跨
overseas region
The Amazon rainforest is more than half the size of China.
The Amazon River is close to 6,400 kilometers in length—roughly 100 km longer than …
the richest biodiversity on the Earth
one in ten known species
Useful expressions
Para 3
support 维持,养活 an unbelievable variety of wildlife
A system of root beneath（=under） the ground
the mass of leaf litter on the dark forest floor 阴暗地表厚实的落叶层
the towering ancient hardwoods
Para 4
one element of this forest’s food chain
They feed on （以…为食） at least 87 species
in turn
a tiny army of microorganisms helps break down its body and return nutrients to the earth.
Useful expressions
Para 5
breathes life into the planet
one major danger to these irreplaceable不可替代的 plants and animals
due to human activities
the impact of human activities continues to grow
the list of species in danger of extinction becomes longer
we are left with a question
Can we afford to damage the “lungs of the planet”？
sentences
______ the largest rainforest in the world, it plays a significant role in maintaining the balance.
______ the impact of extinction becomes longer, we are left with one question.
The Amazon River, _________the rainforest gets its name, is close to 6400 kilometres in length.
_________ the 390000 plant species _______(know) to us, more than…
__________ a significant number of jaguars survive here, they are only one element of the food chain.
The Amazon rainforest is home to a great (1)_________of plant life; however, its soil is surprisingly poor in nutrients.
B1 The passage below is from a website about the Amazon plete the passage with the correct forms of the words and phrases in the box below.
agriculture impact thus due to
variety survive beneath break down
variety
Building your language
In fact, the soil in the region cannot support (2)____________ for more than a few years. If a scientist is shown a report listing the nutrients of that soil, he or she will probably think that only desert plants can (3)____________in it! Then why is the soil so poor in nutrients For one thing, the rainy season has a(n) (4)___________on the soil. In the rainy season, the water level can rise to more than 12 metres.
agriculture
survive
agriculture impact thus due to
variety survive beneath break down
impact
When the water goes away, it takes away the nutrients in the soil. For another thing, (5)___________the Amazon's hot climate, it is difficult for the soil to build up enough nutrients. Dead plants and animals (6)_____________more quickly. The nutrients are soon taken in by the roots of the plants deep (7)_________the ground. As a result, most of the forest's nutrients are locked up in the plants themselves, (8)_________ allowing them to grow at an unbelievable speed.
due to
break down
beneath
thus
agriculture impact thus due to
variety survive beneath break down
数据比较的表达方法：
一样：
A + 谓语动词 + as large/long/many as + B
A + 谓语动词 + the same size/length/number/amount as+ B
He is as high as his father.
He has the same height as his father
2. 比…多/长/大：
…the Amazon rainforest is more than half the size of China.
...roughly 100 kilometers longer than the Yangtze river.
数据比较的表达方法：
3. 几倍：
A + 谓语动词 + 倍数+the height/length/size of + B
A + 谓语动词 +倍数+as high/long/large as + B
The earth is 49 times the size of the moon.
The earth is 49 times as large as the moon
THANK YOU
END