(共35张PPT)
Revision
语 篇 理 解
精读演练 萃取文本精华
Ⅰ. Fill in the following blanks with suitable words.
new
world
explain
sig-
nificant
qualities
truth and beauty
feelings and
imagination
permanence
interest
personal style
Ⅱ. The main idea of the passage：
.
Some significant qualities of literature
heard low, musical sounds
… caught a range of sounds too faint for human ears
We can _____ through the shell.
The sounds are too faint for human ears.
unnoticed sounds
We can hear the unnoticed sounds through the shell.
Paragraph 1
While-reading
How is the story of the man and the child related to the topic of literature
Analyze
Paragraph 1
While-reading
The story of the man and the child is similar to the study of literature. The child is amazed at the sounds he hears through a shell, just as a literature-lover discovers a new world through the study of literature. The shell catches a range of sounds that human ears would have missed, just as great writers bring unnoticed truth and beauty in the world to the reader’s attention.
How is the story of the child and the man
related to the topic of literature
Some such experience as this lies in store for us when we begin the study of literature.
the study of literature
the story of the man and the child
as
analogy
hear unnoticed sounds
notice unnoticed truth and beauty
Paragraph 2
While-reading
Behind every book is a man, behind the man is the race, and behind the race are the natural and social environments.
Interpretation
Paragraph 2
We are all influenced by the world around us, regardless of how unique our experiences are.
Similarly, a writer is influenced by his or her background– gender, race, natural and social environment will have a huge impact on and be reflected in his or her works.
Therefore, the more you know about the writer, the better you can understand the message he or she wants to convey.
The man:
The race:
The natural and social environments:
While-reading
Cao Xueqin’s A Dream of Red Mansions
One important feature of classic literature is that it often reflects an author’s own experiences and can therefore help us understand the important issues of his or her time. This is one reason why the best works of literature still appeal to readers long after they were written. Cao Xueqin’s …, one of the most significant novels in Chinese literature, is a good example of this. Its storyline follows the fall of a large wealthy family much like the author’s own.
No doubt drawing on his own experiences, Cao gives a detailed description of what life was like at that time. The novel contains a great number of details such as what the upper class wore and ate. It also describes the social relations in 18th-century China. As a result, readers are capable of better understanding the gap between rich and poor, men and women, the learned and the uneducated in the historical context.
Cultural and historical elements like these make A Dream of Red Mansions a timeless classic. In summary, we can learn much about a specific period in history from classic literature.
sees truth and beauty
unnoticed truth and beauty
notices truth and beauty
catches unnoticed sounds
hears low, musical sounds
We can see the unnoticed truth and beauty through literature.
Paragraph 3
While-reading
Appreciation
Yesterday’s flowers am I.
While-reading
Paragraph 3
The literal meaning of this line is that the dead grass may once have been blooming flowers.
The poet wants to remind readers of the former glory of a thing, although it is going through a process of decline.
A good poet often notices something unnoticed by others and can present it to readers with vivid language.
Literature awakens our inner ________. As a result, sometimes we may even cry or laugh with the characters in the book. Meanwhile, literature inspires our __________, allowing us to think more than the _______ in the book.
feelings
imagination
words
Interpretation
Its attraction lies more in what it awakens in us than what it says.
While-reading
Paragraph 4
Imagination
Was this the face that launched a thousand ships
While-reading
Paragraph 5
“Was this the face that launched a thousand ships ”
he opens a door through which our imagination enters a new world, a world of love, beauty and heroism.
Helen: Helen of Troy, 特洛伊的海伦是希腊神话中的绝世美女，原是希腊南部斯巴达国国王 Menelaus的妻子，特洛伊的王子Paris贪恋她的美貌，在爱与美之神Aphrodite的帮助下，把Helen诱拐了。国王当时出远门了，回来得知后大怒，发誓要血洗特洛伊。就这样两国展开了十年之久的战争，双方死伤无数，最后希腊采用了“木马计”－the Trojan Horse,战胜了Troy，杀死了Paris，抢回了Helen。
To achieve this, it should contain two elements: universal interest and personal style.
Translation
要实现这一点，它须包含两个要素：广泛的关切和个人的风格。
While-reading
Paragraph 5
Translation
While-reading
Paragraph 6
In summary, literature is the expression of life in forms of truth and beauty, the written record of man’s thoughts and feelings, and the history of the human soul.
总之，文学是以真和美的形式对生命的表达，是人类思想和感情的写照，是人类灵魂的历史。
How much have you understood the article
Choose the best answer.
1. The author mentions the story of a child and a man in the first paragraph to .
A. show that the boy was interested in music
B. lead in the topic of the passage
C. show that the man was knowledgeable
D. tell us the nature was full of wonders
√
2. What is needed most if we want to fully understand a book
A. The writer’s personal life.
B. The main characters’ life story.
C. The writer’s race.
D. The natural and social environments the writer lives in.
√
3. What does the word “it” in the sentence “One who reads it is capable of seeing the beauty that was hidden from his eyes before” refer to
A. The dead grass.
B. The poem.
C. The quality of literature.
D. The truth and beauty.
√
4.Which of the following is NOT the most basic of human nature
A. Success. B. Sadness. C. Hate. D. Hope.
√
5. What can we infer from the passage
A. Some people are too sensitive to find truth and beauty in the real world.
B. Literature appeals to our feelings and imagination through what it says.
C. A writer can express his own life and experiences through literature.
D. We can create good literature only by imagining.
√
Sentence-learning
1. What amazed the child was not a new world，but the unnoticed music of the old.
[句式分析] 本句的主语为what 引导的 ，what在从句中作 。not...but....意为“不是……， 而是……”。
[自主翻译]
让孩子感到惊奇的不是一个新的世界，
而是一种未被人察觉的古老的音乐。
主语从句
主语
2. In a word，we have now reached a point where we wish to enjoy and understand literature.
[句式分析] 本句为一个复合句。主干部分是we have now reached a point，为 结构；where we wish to enjoy and understand literature为 从句，修饰先行词point。
[自主翻译]
主谓宾
定语
总之，我们现在已经到了希望享受和理解文学的阶段。
3. ...he opens a door through which our imagination enters a new world，a world of love，beauty and heroism.
[句式分析] 本句为复合句。 是句子的主干，为主谓宾结构，through which our imagination enters...为一个由 引导的定语从句。
_______________________________________________
he opens a door
介词＋关系代词
……他打开了一扇门，通过这扇门，我们的想象力进入了一个新世界，一个充满爱、美和英雄主义的世界。
返 回
parallelism(排比)
Rhetorical device(修辞手法）:
让一首小曲愉悦我们的耳朵，或者让一部巨著触动我们的心灵，这样我们就会发现一个全新的世界，一个充满梦想和魔力的世界。
Let a little song appeal to the ear, or a great book to the heart, and we discover a new world, a world of dreams and magic.
(para . 2, lines 8–9)
Simile
Some truth and beauty remain unnoticed until a sensitive human soul brings them to our attention, just as the shell reflects the unnoticed sounds. (para. 3, lines 15–17)
Rhetorical Device:
一些真与美一直被忽视，直到一个敏锐的人类灵魂让它们引起我们的注意，正如贝壳捕捉到了我们未曾注意的声音一样。
Appreciate the Chinese literary classics A Dream of Red Mansions，Journey to the West, Romance of Three Kingdoms, All Men are Brothers by the three qualities.
Homework 1
Aspects Details
What truth or beauty is described
What feelings or imagination is awakened
What universal interest is revealed What personal style does it take on
For reference: 写作要点参考
My favorite work of literature: ________________
The reason I like it: ________________
Three qualities:
Its description of truth and beauty: __________________________________
Its appeal to our feelings and imagination: __________________________________
Its permanence:
Summary: ________________
必背语段: 第二段 + B1整段。
Homework 2
