必修五_Unit_1_Great_scientists-Grammar
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| 名称 | 必修五_Unit_1_Great_scientists-Grammar |  | |
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| 资源类型 | 教案 | ||
| 版本资源 | 人教版（新课程标准） | ||
| 科目 | 英语 | ||
| 更新时间 | 2013-11-29 10:24:48 | ||
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课件22张PPT。Unit1 Gammar Past Participle
as
Attribute &. Predicative Translate the following phrases, and try to find out what the items relate to.一片碎玻璃
开水
一枚用过的邮票
一箱埋起来的硬币
穿破的鞋子
一台损坏了的计算机
结论：以上的短语都带有过去分词，这些过去分词都是充当定语，而且我们都可以用过去分词作表语的从句来改写以上短语。a broken piece of glassboiled watera used stampa buried box of coinsa damaged computerworn—out shoesGrammar一、过去分词作定语
1、单个的过去分词作定语时一般兼有被动和完成的意义，常作前置定语。
eg：a lost animal 一只迷路的动物
a used stamp 一枚用过的邮票
an injured finger 一个受伤的手指
a broken coin 一枚破损的硬币
a lighted candle 一支点燃的蜡烛
注意：过去分词作定语时，有时只有被动意义。
e.g.：spoken English 英语口语
written exercises 书面练习
少数表示位移或状态改变的不及物动词的过去分词只有完成的意义
fallen leaves 落叶
the risen sun 升起来的太阳
the advanced countries 发达国家
drunken man 一个醉鬼
a returned student 一名留学生
a retired teacher 一名退休教师
an escaped prisoner 一名逃跑的囚犯
by-gone days 过去的岁月
2、过去分词短语作后置定语，表示被动和／或完成意义。
e.g.：How I regretted the hours wasted in the woods!
I like wearing clothes made of this kind of cloth．
The books written by Lu Xun are popular．
We’11 go to visit the bridge built hundreds of years ago．
注意：如果被修饰词是由every/ some/ any/ no +thing/ body/ one所构成的复合代词或指示代词those/ these等时，即使是单个过去分词做定语也要放在被修饰词之后。
Eg. There is nothing changed since I left here.
从我离开，这里就没有改变过。 为了加强语气，或被修饰名词前有形容词最高级或类似修饰语，有些单个过去分词也可以置于被修饰词之后。如：left, given, concerned (with…), used, spoken/ written
Eg. In many countries, words spoken are different from words written.
This is the only chance left.3、过去分词、不定式（被动式）、现在分词（被动式）作定语的区别：
e.g.：
The house built last year is our new library.
The house being built now will be our new library.
The house to be built next year will be our new library.（表将要进行的被动 ）（表正在进行的被动）（表完成或被动）4、过去分词作定语，相当于一个定语从句，它是由省去主语和助动词而形成的。
e.g.：We all like the lecture given by him.
=We all like the lecture that is given by him.
Some of them, born and brought up in rural area, had never seen a train.
= Some of them, who were born and brought up in rural area, had nevefr seen a train. Complete the table with phrases that have the same meaning.Past Participle Past Participle
as the Attribute as the predicative
terrified people 1.
reserved seats 2.
polluted water 3.
a crowded room 4.
a pleased winner 5.people who are terrifiedseats which are reservedwater that is polluteda room that is crowdeda winner who is pleasedPast Participle Past Participle
as the Predicative as the Attribute
1. children who 1.
look astonished
2. a vase that is broken 2.
3. a door that is closed 3.
4. the audience who feel tired 4.
5. an animal that is trapped 5.astonished children a broken vasea closed doorthe tired audiencea trapped animalPractice: Change the following Past Participle into clauses.
1） He told us of the great wrong done to him.
= He told us of the great wrong ___________________________ to him.
which had been done注：本句中的过去分词作定语，既表被动又表完成。2） The United States is a developed country.
= The United Stated is a country ______________________ .
which has developed注：本句中的过去分词作定语，只表示完成。3） Have you noticed the bridge being built there?
= Have you noticed the bridge
______________________ there?
which is being built注：本句中的现在分词被动式作定语，表示被动的动作正在进行。二、过去分词作表语
1、过去分词作表语，表示主语的特点或所处的状态，多用表示心理情感类的词，如interested, delighted, surprised等。其前的系动词有包括be在内的多种形式。
e.g.：Everyone present is very inspired at his speech．
You seem frightened.2、过去分词作表语，构成的系表结构与被动语态的区别：
过去分词作表语，强调主语的特点或所处的状态；而被动语态中，主语是动词所表示动作的承受者。
e.g.：This shop is now closed．
这家商店现在已经关门了。(状态)
This shop is closed at 6 pm everyday．
这家商店每天6点关门。(动作） Practice: Complete the sentences using the past participle as the predicative.1. 丢了钱他自责不已。
He ______________ about losing the money.
2、你为什么总是看上很疲劳？这些日子睡得好吗？ Why do you always _______________ ? Do you sleep well these days?
3.我对昨晚看的电影很失望。我原以为它能好些。
I _____________________ the film I saw last night, I had expected it to be better.
got blamedlook so tiredwas disappointed with4.听说那位明星死了，人人都很惊讶。 Everybody ____________to hear the death of the famous film star．
5.要去动物园了，孩子们非常兴奋。
The children ______________________ going to the zoo．
6.他的伤口感染了一种新病毒.
His wound ___________________ a new virus．
was shockedare really excited aboutbecame infected withLinda worked for the Minnesota Manufacturing and Mining Company, ______ as 3M.
A. knowing B. known
C. being known D. to be known高考链接B解析：答案B。此处考查过去分词作后置定语，3M与know之间是被动关系，故用过去分词表示被动。2. The disc, digitally ________ in the studio, sounded fantastic at the party that night.
A. recorded B. recording
C. to be recorded D. having recorded高考链接A解析：答案A。此处考查过去分词作后置定语，disc与record之间是被动关系，故用过去分词表示。3. Don’t use words, expressions, or phrases _______ only to people with specific knowledge.
A. being known B. having been known
C. to be known D. known高考链接D解析：答案D。know与words，expressions，phrases构成动宾关系，故用过去分词表示被动。4. The flowers _______ sweet in the botanic garden attract the visitors to the beauty of nature.
A. to smell B. smelling
C. smelt D. to be smelt高考链接B解析：答案B。此处为现在分词作定语，修饰flowers。smell为系动词，不能用于被动语态，相当于which/that smells sweet。Homework Summarize the use of the past participle as the attribute and predictive.
as
Attribute &. Predicative Translate the following phrases, and try to find out what the items relate to.一片碎玻璃
开水
一枚用过的邮票
一箱埋起来的硬币
穿破的鞋子
一台损坏了的计算机
结论：以上的短语都带有过去分词，这些过去分词都是充当定语，而且我们都可以用过去分词作表语的从句来改写以上短语。a broken piece of glassboiled watera used stampa buried box of coinsa damaged computerworn—out shoesGrammar一、过去分词作定语
1、单个的过去分词作定语时一般兼有被动和完成的意义，常作前置定语。
eg：a lost animal 一只迷路的动物
a used stamp 一枚用过的邮票
an injured finger 一个受伤的手指
a broken coin 一枚破损的硬币
a lighted candle 一支点燃的蜡烛
注意：过去分词作定语时，有时只有被动意义。
e.g.：spoken English 英语口语
written exercises 书面练习
少数表示位移或状态改变的不及物动词的过去分词只有完成的意义
fallen leaves 落叶
the risen sun 升起来的太阳
the advanced countries 发达国家
drunken man 一个醉鬼
a returned student 一名留学生
a retired teacher 一名退休教师
an escaped prisoner 一名逃跑的囚犯
by-gone days 过去的岁月
2、过去分词短语作后置定语，表示被动和／或完成意义。
e.g.：How I regretted the hours wasted in the woods!
I like wearing clothes made of this kind of cloth．
The books written by Lu Xun are popular．
We’11 go to visit the bridge built hundreds of years ago．
注意：如果被修饰词是由every/ some/ any/ no +thing/ body/ one所构成的复合代词或指示代词those/ these等时，即使是单个过去分词做定语也要放在被修饰词之后。
Eg. There is nothing changed since I left here.
从我离开，这里就没有改变过。 为了加强语气，或被修饰名词前有形容词最高级或类似修饰语，有些单个过去分词也可以置于被修饰词之后。如：left, given, concerned (with…), used, spoken/ written
Eg. In many countries, words spoken are different from words written.
This is the only chance left.3、过去分词、不定式（被动式）、现在分词（被动式）作定语的区别：
e.g.：
The house built last year is our new library.
The house being built now will be our new library.
The house to be built next year will be our new library.（表将要进行的被动 ）（表正在进行的被动）（表完成或被动）4、过去分词作定语，相当于一个定语从句，它是由省去主语和助动词而形成的。
e.g.：We all like the lecture given by him.
=We all like the lecture that is given by him.
Some of them, born and brought up in rural area, had never seen a train.
= Some of them, who were born and brought up in rural area, had nevefr seen a train. Complete the table with phrases that have the same meaning.Past Participle Past Participle
as the Attribute as the predicative
terrified people 1.
reserved seats 2.
polluted water 3.
a crowded room 4.
a pleased winner 5.people who are terrifiedseats which are reservedwater that is polluteda room that is crowdeda winner who is pleasedPast Participle Past Participle
as the Predicative as the Attribute
1. children who 1.
look astonished
2. a vase that is broken 2.
3. a door that is closed 3.
4. the audience who feel tired 4.
5. an animal that is trapped 5.astonished children a broken vasea closed doorthe tired audiencea trapped animalPractice: Change the following Past Participle into clauses.
1） He told us of the great wrong done to him.
= He told us of the great wrong ___________________________ to him.
which had been done注：本句中的过去分词作定语，既表被动又表完成。2） The United States is a developed country.
= The United Stated is a country ______________________ .
which has developed注：本句中的过去分词作定语，只表示完成。3） Have you noticed the bridge being built there?
= Have you noticed the bridge
______________________ there?
which is being built注：本句中的现在分词被动式作定语，表示被动的动作正在进行。二、过去分词作表语
1、过去分词作表语，表示主语的特点或所处的状态，多用表示心理情感类的词，如interested, delighted, surprised等。其前的系动词有包括be在内的多种形式。
e.g.：Everyone present is very inspired at his speech．
You seem frightened.2、过去分词作表语，构成的系表结构与被动语态的区别：
过去分词作表语，强调主语的特点或所处的状态；而被动语态中，主语是动词所表示动作的承受者。
e.g.：This shop is now closed．
这家商店现在已经关门了。(状态)
This shop is closed at 6 pm everyday．
这家商店每天6点关门。(动作） Practice: Complete the sentences using the past participle as the predicative.1. 丢了钱他自责不已。
He ______________ about losing the money.
2、你为什么总是看上很疲劳？这些日子睡得好吗？ Why do you always _______________ ? Do you sleep well these days?
3.我对昨晚看的电影很失望。我原以为它能好些。
I _____________________ the film I saw last night, I had expected it to be better.
got blamedlook so tiredwas disappointed with4.听说那位明星死了，人人都很惊讶。 Everybody ____________to hear the death of the famous film star．
5.要去动物园了，孩子们非常兴奋。
The children ______________________ going to the zoo．
6.他的伤口感染了一种新病毒.
His wound ___________________ a new virus．
was shockedare really excited aboutbecame infected withLinda worked for the Minnesota Manufacturing and Mining Company, ______ as 3M.
A. knowing B. known
C. being known D. to be known高考链接B解析：答案B。此处考查过去分词作后置定语，3M与know之间是被动关系，故用过去分词表示被动。2. The disc, digitally ________ in the studio, sounded fantastic at the party that night.
A. recorded B. recording
C. to be recorded D. having recorded高考链接A解析：答案A。此处考查过去分词作后置定语，disc与record之间是被动关系，故用过去分词表示。3. Don’t use words, expressions, or phrases _______ only to people with specific knowledge.
A. being known B. having been known
C. to be known D. known高考链接D解析：答案D。know与words，expressions，phrases构成动宾关系，故用过去分词表示被动。4. The flowers _______ sweet in the botanic garden attract the visitors to the beauty of nature.
A. to smell B. smelling
C. smelt D. to be smelt高考链接B解析：答案B。此处为现在分词作定语，修饰flowers。smell为系动词，不能用于被动语态，相当于which/that smells sweet。Homework Summarize the use of the past participle as the attribute and predictive.