2023届高三英语复习定语从句专练课件（31张PPT）

(共31张PPT)
Attributive Clause
关系代词 指代 在定语从句中所充当的成分
人 物 主语 宾语 定语
that
which
who
whom
whose
何时可以省略？
做宾语时可以省略
√
√
√
√
√
√
√
√
√
√
√
√
√
√
√
（二）关系代词及其用法
关系代词特殊一：指物时一般用that不用which的情况
1. 当先行词被_________修饰时2. 当先行词被形容词的_________修饰时3. 当先行词被every, any, all,few等__________修饰时，或者先行词是不定代词 everything, something, nothing, all等时。4. 当先行词既有_______又有______时5. 当先行词前面有who，_________等疑问代词时
序数词
最高级
不定代词
人
物
which
1. Is there anything that I can do for you
2. The only thing that he could do was waiting.
3. The last place that they visited was Beijing.
4. This is the first film that I’ve ever seen.
5. The last place that they visited was Beijing.
6. We were deeply impressed by the teachers and schools that we had visited.
7. Whoever that is content with a little progress can’t make big achievements.
8. He is no longer the man that he used to be.
9. This is no longer the dirty place (that) it used to be.
conclusion
1.先行词是 all, little, few, much, anything, everything, nothing, none, some等指物的不定代词
2. 先行词被all, every, no, some, little, few, much, one of , the right, 等所修饰时。
3.先行词前有序数词或形容词最高级修饰时
4.先行词中既有人又有物时
5. 先行词被 the only, the very, the same, the last 修饰时。
6. 在疑问词 who、which、what开头的句子中, 要用that。
7. 关系代词在定语从句中作表语只用that
1. The person to whom you just talked is Mr. Li. (宾语)
2. Mr. Read is the professor to whom you should write. (宾语)
3. The teacher wants to return the book to the girl from whom he borrowed it. (宾语)
4. He gave me three books on cooking , the first of which I enjoyed most. (宾语)
5. I don’t like that which he did. （宾语）
6. Those who laugh last laugh best. （主语）
特殊情况二：找出先行词和关系词
关系代词前有介词时，指人用_______,指物用_______.
先行词本身就是that或者两个定语从句中的一个已用that时。
引导非限定性定语从句时
先行词是指人的不定代词或指示代词，如one，all， nobody，none，those 等时
Conclusion:下列情况不能用that
whom
which
Thinking and discussion——特殊用法
He is one of the students in Class One. He is often late.
He is the only one of the students in Class One. He is often late.
He is one of the students in Class One who are often late.
He is the one only of the students in Class One who is often late.
总结：one of + 复数名词 + 定语从句 谓语动词用复数
the （only）one of + 复数名词 + 定语从句 谓语动词用单数
关系副词的用法
1. This is the house where I lived 20 years ago.
2. I still remember the day when I first met him.
3. Can you tell me the reason why you lied to me
1.观察先行词有什么特点？
2.从句中缺少什么成分？
地点
缺地点状语in the house
时间
缺时间状语on the day
原因
缺原因状语
for this reason
when的用法
① When 引导定语从句时，先行词为表示时间的名词，关系词在从句中作时间状语，可用“介词+ which” 来替换。
I’ll never forget the day when (on which) I joined the team .
I’ll never forget the day.
I joined the team on that day.
when作时间状语
先行词为时间类，一定用关系副词when吗？
可以用that/which吗？
★不能看到时间就用when，要看从句缺什么成分
I’ll never forget the day ______ I lived in the mountains.
I’ll never forget the day _______________ I spent in the mountains.
when
that/which/省略
缺时间状语
缺spent的宾语
where的用法
② Where 引导定语从句时，先行词为表示地点的名词，关系词在从句中作地点状语，可用“介词+ which” 来替换。
The school where(in which) my son studies is near a park.
The school is near a park.
My son studies in this school.
分解
where作地点状语
先行词为地点类，一定用关系副词where吗？
可以用that/which吗？
where 还可用在表示抽象意义的地点名词后，如situation, stage, point, case, position, condition, activity, scene, occasion等,意思是“到了某种地步，在某种境况或情况中”。
They have reached the point where they have to separate with each other.
Their child is at the stage where she can say individual words but not full sentences.
why的用法
③Why 引导定语从句时，先行词通常为reason，关系词在从句中作原因状语，可用“for+ which” 来替换。
Do you know the reason why (for which) he is so upset
Do you know the reason？
He is so upset.
why作原因状语
先行词为原因，一定用关系副词why吗？
可以用that/which吗？
This is the reason _____ he was late.
This is the reason ____________he told us for his being late.
why
that/which
缺原因状语
缺told的直接宾语
单句语法填空
1．We visited the house ________ the famous scientist once lived.
2．The photo reminded me of the days ________ I played hide－
and－seek with my brother and I stayed for six years.
3．It was a period ________ they had discussion very frequently.
4．The problem has come to a point ________ everyone has
different opinions and it is difficult to reach an agreement.
where
when
when
where
1.关系代词的确定
Do you know the girl with ________ our teacher is talking
This is the room in ___________ my grandmother used to live.
whom
which
介词+关系代词
如果指“人”，用“介词＋whom”
如果指“物”，用“介词＋which”
What can you find
2. 介词的确定
根据先行词的搭配关系：
1) I still remember the day _______ _______ I met TFboys.
2) I will never forget the farm _______ ______ I worked with you.
3) The money _______ _______ you were to buy food is gone.
on which
on which
with which
(on the day 在那天)
(on the farm 在农场)
(with the money 用钱)
介词+关系代词
2. 介词的确定
根据谓语动词或形容词的搭配习惯
Do you like the book _______ _______ she spent $10
2) Do you like the book _______ _______ she paid $10
3) The West Lake, _______ _______ Hangzhou is famous, is a
beautiful place.
on which
for which
for which
介词+关系代词
2. 介词的确定
根据句子的意思来确定
1) Air, _______ which man can’t live, is really important. 空气非常重要，没有了它人类便不能生存。
2) This is the man _______ whom my brother has worked for ten years. 这就是和我弟弟一起工作了十年的那个人。
without
with
介词+关系代词
2. 介词的确定
表示“所有”或“整体的一部分”时通常用介词 “of”
1) He has two sons, _____________ graduated from Peking University. 他有两个儿子，他们都毕业于北京大学。
2) Tom wrote many children’s books, nearly half __________ were about campus culture. 汤姆写了很多儿童书籍，其中将近一半是关于校园文化的。
both of whom
of which
介词+关系代词
用介词 ＋ 关系代词填空。
1. Who is the person _______ _______ you just shook hands
2. China is a powerful country, _______ _______ we are proud.
3. This is the tree _______ _______ we used to play games.
4. This is my glasses, _______ _______ I can’t see clearly.
5. Do you remember the day _______ _______ you joined our club
6. Do you know the reason _____ _______ he lost the job
即学即练
with whom
without which
under which
of which
on which
for which
1. I don't like the way in that she talked to me.
2. This is the room on which we lived last year.
3. The boy, his mother died last year, studies very hard.
4. Who is the man has white hairs
5. This is the factory where we visited last week.
which
Error Correction
in
whose
添加who
that/which/不填
6. The paintings what David donated to the school are shown in the exhibition room.
7. She is a kind-hearted person whom is always ready to help others.
8. He is the only one of the students who have been invited to the English Evening.
9.I, who is your good friend, will try my best to help you out.
(that/ which)
who
has
am
I.在下面各句的空白处填入一个适当的关系代词或关系副词。
1.The big museum _____________ was closed last year will reopen next
week.
2.There was once a time _______ the whole world spoke only one
language.
3.I refused to accept the blame for something ______ was someone
else ’s fault.
4.The reason ________________________ he found German so difficult was because of its grammar.
which/that
when
that
why/that/省略
5.The soldier and his deeds _________ she introduced to us were pretty moving.
6.What surprised me most was not what he said, but the way____________________ he said it.
7.Our earth is unlikely to be the only planet _______ life has developed gradually.
8.______ is often the case, he is always ready to offer help to those in need.
that
that/in which/省略
where
As
2.这是我借给他词典的那个学生
This is the student __________________________.
3. 李明迟到了，这件事使张先生十分生气。
__________________________________________
4. 你在会上看到的那个女孩是个出名的游泳运动员。
__________________________________________________
1.你可以拿你感兴趣的任何一本书。
You can take any book __________________________.
Li Ming was late, which made Mr Zhang very angry.
that interests you best.
to whom I lent my dictionary
The girl (who/ whom/ that) you saw at the meeting is a well-known swimmer.
5.人们喜欢住在空气新鲜，噪声很少的地方。
__________________________________________
6.我不明白他犯这样一个错误的原因。
__________________________________________
7. 这位为祖国献出生命的小英雄将永远活在人们心中。。
__________________________________________________
People like to live in a place where there's fresh air and little noise.
I don't understand the reason why he made such a serious mistake.
The little hero, who has given his life for his country, will always live in the heart of the people.
III.在下面短文中的空白处填入正确的关系代词或关系副词
A
1.______ we all know, North Americans like cars. Henry Ford,2._______ parents left Ireland for Detroit area in the 1840s,atarted the Ford Motor
Company in 1903,________later became the largest car company in the
world. In 1908 ford designed the Model T Ford, of 4._______ fifteen
million were sold between 1908 and 1928.In the 1950s and 1960s
young Americans used to drive downtown in the evening to show off
their new cars. The reason 5.____________________ most Americans own
cars isthat distances are great and cities cover a huge area.
As
whose
which
which
why/for which/省略
B
Generally, those 6._____ go to Switzerland Switzerland include Basel
in their list of cities to visit. It has a population of over 150,000,the
majority of 7._______ speak German. however, it is considered a kind of
international city, because it stands at the point 8.______ the countries
meet. Many visitors go to the place in the city 9.________________ a
small three-side marker says France on one side, Germany on another,
and Switzerland on the third. The Rhine River,10._______ divides the city,
becomes wide and deep enough right at this point for ships to sail all the way to the North Sea.
who
whom
where
where/in which
which
Thanks