人教版（2019）必修1 Unit 5 LANGUAGES AROUND THE WORLD 单元语法全解 共59页PPT
文档属性
| 名称 | 人教版（2019）必修1 Unit 5 LANGUAGES AROUND THE WORLD 单元语法全解 共59页PPT |  | |
| 格式 | zip | ||
| 文件大小 | 4.8MB | ||
| 资源类型 | 试卷 | ||
| 版本资源 | 人教版（2019） | ||
| 科目 | 英语 | ||
| 更新时间 | 2022-11-08 08:56:24 | ||
图片预览
文档简介
(共59张PPT)
Unit 5
LANGUAGES AROUND THE WORLD
单元语法全解
人教版（2019）必修1 高一（上）
概 述
定语从句（II）-关系副词的用法
目 录
目录contents
一、概述
二、关系副词引导定语从句
三、关系代词与关系副词的选用
四、“介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句
五、语法专项训练
一、概述
一、概述
一、概述
概述
被定语从句修饰的词叫做先行词；连接先行词与从句的词叫关系词（包括关系代词和关系副词）。关系词不仅在先行词与定语从句之间起连接作用，而且也充当定语从句中的一个成分。
当引导定语从句的关系词在从句中作时间、地点、原因状语时，应使用关系副词when，where，why。还有一个万能关系副词that。
一、概述
概述
关系副词的作用如下：
（1）指代表示时间、地点、原因的先行词；
（2）在从句中充当句子成分-状语；
（3）起连接作用，把主句和定语从句连接起来。
一、概述
概述
关系副词的用法如下表所示：
关系副词 修饰的先行词 在从句中所作的成分
when 时间名词 时间状语
where 地点名词 地点状语
why 原因名词 原因状语
that time,place,reason,way 时间、地点、原因、方式状语
二、关系副词引导
定语从句
二、关系副词引导
定语从句
二、关系副词引导
定语从句
when引导定语从句，其先行词是表示时间的名词，如time，morning，day，week，month，year等，when在从句中作时间状语。
eg：I still remember the days when we swam together in the river. 我仍然记得我们在这条河中一起游泳的日子。
eg：Do you know the date when they got married
你知道他们结婚的日期吗？
1．when的用法
二、关系副词引导
定语从句
where引导定语从句，其先行词往往是表示地点的名词，如place，spot，room，house，school，city等，where在从句中作地点状语。这里说的“地点”名词包括：①具体的地点，如place，house；②抽象的地点，如 position，stage；③隐性的地点，如news，story，words，something等。
eg：Do you still remember the woods where we first met
你还记得我们第一次见面的那片树林吗？
eg：Please keep your things in a place where you can find them easily.
请把你的东西放在容易找到的地方。
【特别提示】
并非所有的表示“地点”和“时间”的先行词，后面的定语从句一定要用where和when引导。如果定语从句中缺少主语或宾语，就要用that或 which引导。
eg：This is the house that／which my father built last year.（关系词在定语从句中作宾语，不用where）
eg：Do you still remember the days that/which we spent in the countryside？（关系词在定语从句中作宾语，不用when）
2．where的用法
二、关系副词引导
定语从句
why引导定语从句，表示原因或理由，其先行词是reason。why在定语从句中作原因状语。
eg：Is this the reason why you refused me
这就是你拒绝我的理由吗？
eg：She came around to explain the reason why she was absent from the meeting 她过来是为了解释她当时缺席会议的原因。
3．why的用法
二、关系副词引导
定语从句
【特别提示】
如果reason不是定语从句中事件发生的原因，而是充当了定语从句中谓语动词的主语或宾语，这时，要用关系代词that或which引导定语从句，不用why。
eg：I won’t listen to the reason that/which you have given us.我坚决不听你给我们提供的那个理由。
（that，which在句中作宾语）
3．why的用法
二、关系副词引导
定语从句
在现代英语中，that是一个多功能词，它可以用作关系副词引导定语从句，修饰表示时间（time）、地点（place）、原因（reason）、方式（way）的先行词。that 作关系副词时，相当于when，where，why，in which，而且一般可以省略。
（1）表示时间时，that相当于when或“介词＋which”，可省略。
eg：I still remember the time(that/when/in which)I helped my father on the farm.我仍然记得在农场里帮助我爸爸的岁月。
（2）表示地点时，that相当于where或“介词＋which”，可省略。
eg：I have never been to the place(that/where/in which)the Indians live.我从未去过那些印第安人居住的地方。
4．关系副词that的用法
二、关系副词引导
定语从句
（3）表示原因时，that相当于why或 for which，可省略。
eg：The reason(that/why/for which) he lost his life was lack of medical care.他死的原因是缺乏医疗护理。
（4）表示方式时，that相当于in which，可省略。
eg：Can you work out a way(that/in which) we can solve this problem？你能找出一种我们能够解决这个问题的方法吗？
此时不能用how引导定语从句。注意：how从来不引导定语从句！
4．关系副词that的用法
二、关系副词引导
定语从句
【特别提示】
英语中，定语从句的先行词可以是表示“时间、地点、原因、方式”的名词，而且在定语从句中缺少时间状语、地点状语、原因状语或方式状语。因此就有了相应的关系副词：when，where，why。但没有专门表示“方式”的关系副词，因此，只能使用in which（表示in the way）或that。
此外，that是个万能词，可以作为关系副词引导上述四种定语从句。但是，务必注意：它不能随便使用。只有在这些先行词的词义非常明确时，即：这些词明确表示时间（time）、地点（place）、原因（reason）、方式（way） 时，才可以使用。
4．关系副词that的用法
三、关系代词与关系副词的
选用
三、关系代词与关系副词的选用
三、关系代词与关系副词的
选用
依据 用法
根据从句的谓语动词 是及物动词，后面若无宾语，用关系代词；是不及物动词则用关系副词
根据关系词在从句中所作的成分 若关系词在从句中作主语或宾语，则用关系代词；若作状语，则用关系副词
三、关系代词与关系副词的
选用
eg：This is the factory(thal/which) Ivisited last year.
这是我去年参观过的那家工厂。
（visit是及物动词，关系代词在从句中作宾语）
eg：This is the factory where he used to work.
这是他以前工作过的那家工厂。
（work是不及物动词，关系副词在从句中作地点状语）
【第一组】
三、关系代词与关系副词的
选用
eg：Is this the museum that／which was built last year？这就是去年建成的那家博物馆吗？（关系代词在从句中作主语）
eg：Is this the museum where the exhibition was held
这就是举办展览的那家博物馆吗？（关系副词在从句中作地点状语）
【第二组】
三、关系代词与关系副词的
选用
eg：Is this the reason (that/which) he explained for being late
这就是他解释迟到的原因吗？
（关系代词在从句中作宾语）
eg：Is this the reason why he was late for class？
这就是他上课迟到的原因吗？（关系副词在从句中作原因状语）
【第三组】
三、关系代词与关系副词的
选用
eg：This is the house where my grandfather lived.
这是我祖父住过的房子。（关系副词在从句中作地点状语）
eg：This is the house(that/which) my grandfather lived in.
这是我祖父住过的房子。（关系代词在从句中作介词宾语）
eg：This is the house（that／which） my grandfather built.
这是我祖父建造的房子。（关系代词在从句中作及物动词的宾语）
eg：This is the house that/which was built by my grandfather.
这是由我祖父建造的房子。（关系代词在从句中作主语）
【第四组】
四、“介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句
四、“介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句
四、“介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句
1．用适当的关系代词完成下列各句
我们知道，关系代词在定语从句中可以作宾语，包括及物动词的宾语和介词的宾语。关系代词作介词宾语时，介词通常放在定语从句的末尾。但在很多情况下，需要把介词放在关系代词的前面，这就是“介词＋关系代词”引导的定语从句。具体使用什么介词，可能与先行词的固定搭配有关，可能与定语从句中动词的搭配有关，可能与定语从句中形容词的搭配有关。还有一种可能，就是与定语从句所要表达的具体意思有关。
四、“介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句
1．用适当的关系代词完成下列各句
关系副词 when，where，why引导定语从句时，关系副词也可用“介词＋关系代词”代替。在“介词＋关系代词”引导的定语从句中，关系代词只能用which或whom，不可用that或who。先行词指物时用which，先行词指人时用whom。“介词＋which／whom”是定语从句中常见的语言现象，也是同学们不易掌握的一个语法项目，问题的关键是这个“介词”较难确定。但它是有规律可循的，有以下几种情况：
四、“介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句
（1）替代when
eg：I'll never forget the day on which ( =when) my son was born.
我永远忘不了我儿子出生的那一天。
（on依据on theday确定）
eg：The year in which(=when) the earthquake happened was
2008．发生地震的那年是2008年。
（in依据in the year确定）
1．“介词＋which”可以替代关系副词when，where，why
四、“介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句
（2）替代where
eg：This is the farm on which(=where) I used to work.
这就是我过去工作过的农场。
（on依据 on the farm 确定）
eg：He forgot the exact place in which ( =where) he had hidden the jewelry.
他忘记了埋藏珠宝的确切地点。
（in依据inthe place 确定）
1．“介词＋which”可以替代关系副词when，where，why
四、“介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句
（3）替代why
eg：I'd like you to explain the reason for which( =why) you refused my offer.
我想让你解释一下你拒绝我帮助的原因。
（for 依据 for the reason 确定）
1．“介词＋which”可以替代关系副词when，where，why
四、“介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句
eg：I'll never forget the time during which I was with my friends in the country.
我永远不会忘记和朋友们一起在乡村度过的时光。
（during 依据 during the time 确定）
eg：I will offer you a better way in which you can do the job.
我要给你提供一个做这项工作较好的办法。
（in依据inabetter way 确定）
2．依据与先行词的固定搭配确定使用什么介词
四、“介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句
3．依据定语从句中动词或形容词的搭配来确定介词
eg：She bought several books， on which she spent all her money. 她买了几本书，这些书花光了她所有的钱。
（on依据spend..on确定）
eg：It is the price of which I am not sure.
我没有把握的就是价格。（of依据 be sure of确定）
四、“介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句
eg：Can you see the river across which there is a bridge
你能看见上面有座桥的那条河吗？
eg：He is swimming in the river,on which there is a boat.
他在那条河里游泳，河面上有一只小船。
eg：Here is the river in which I used to swim.
这儿就是我过去常在里面游泳的那条河
4．根据定语从句所表达的具体意思来确定介词
四、“介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句
除了“介词＋which”以外，如果定语从句的先行词是“人”，那么也可以用“介词＋whom”引导定语从句。
eg：There should be someone to whom you can turn for advice.
应该有一个你可以向他寻求建议的人。
（to依据 turn tosomeone for advice 确定）
eg：She began to love the young man with whom she had worked for so long.
她开始爱上和她一起工作了这么久的那个年轻人。
（with 依据 worked with the young man 确定）
四、“介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句
（1）如果在whom和which之前用 of表示所属关系（即ofwhom，of which 表示所属关系），这时名词需要特指，应加定冠词，该名词放在of whom，of which之前或之后均可。
eg：I'd like a room the window of which looks out over the sea.
eg：I'd like a room of which the window looks out over the sea.
因为whose也表示所属关系，所以可以转换为：
eg：I'd like a room whose window looks out over the sea.
5．“介词＋关系代词”的
其他表达法
四、“介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句
（2）在whom 和which 之前用of，还可以表示部分与整体的关系。这时，表示“部分”的数词或代词，放在ofwhom，of which之前或之后均可。
eg：She has three daughters,one of whom is a doctor.
eg：She has three daughters,all of whom are beautiful.
eg：She has three daughters,the oldest of whom is called Mary.
还可以说：
eg：She has three daughters, of whom one is a doctor.
eg：She has three daughters,of whom all are beautiful.
eg：She has three daughters,of whom the oldest is called Mary.
5．“介词＋关系代词”的
其他表达法
四、“介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句
有些“动词＋介词”被视为一个固定的词组，不可分割。这时不能把介词置于关系代词前，如：
listen to，look at, look for, look after, care for,hear from,
send for等。
eg：This is the right book for which I＇m looking.（误）
eg：This is the right book（that）I＇m looking for.（正）
【特别提示】
四、“介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句
定语从句真奇妙，关系代（副）词来引导，
定语从句分两种，是否限定看逗号。
which 指物who指人，地点where 时间 when，
that人或物均可，why之前是reason。
从句当中作宾语，whom 可以代替 who，
为了句子更简练，关系代词可省去。
关系若是表所属，whose用法不可无。
除此之外还有啥？whom，which加of。
【记忆口诀】
五、语法专项训练
五、语法专项训练
五、语法专项训练
1．用适当的关系代词或关系副词（包括“介词＋关系代词”）完成下列各句
1.These bone and shell fossils date back to a billion years ago __________ there were no human beings.
2.They are natives __________ attitude towards their civilisation can＇t be changed.
3.The system still has some faults despite the facts on __________ it is based.
五、语法专项训练
1．用适当的关系代词或关系副词（包括“介词＋关系代词”）完成下列各句
4.We have ignored many factors __________led to the empire＇s ups and downs.
5.We will visit the park __________there are a variety of stone figures __________ the sculptor carved.
6.This word may refer to a native __________ can speak the local dialect.
五、语法专项训练
1．用适当的关系代词或关系副词（包括“介词＋关系代词”）完成下列各句
7.He is looking forward to the semester ________ his major is English classic literature.
8. In my point of view, this is the major means by __________ we can solve global affairs.
9.Subway, gas, pants and apartment are American English words from __________ British English has different words.
五、语法专项训练
1．用适当的关系代词或关系副词（包括“介词＋关系代词”）完成下列各句
10.The article in __________ he gives a specific description of his demand for equal rights is worth reading.
11.The reason __________ John studied Chinese characters and calligraphy is not clear.
12.This is a symbol __________ shows the ups and downs of that dynasty.
五、语法专项训练
1．用适当的关系代词或关系副词（包括“介词＋关系代词”）完成下列各句
13.Do you know the reason __________ British people say underground and petrol instead of subway and gas？
14.Changes in vocabulary may be related to a nation's social system __________ it develops.
15.He appreciates Chinese calligraphy and regards it as his major, but the reason ___________ he gives us is unbelievable.
五、语法专项训练
1.when；2.whose；3.which；4.that；5.where;which/that；
6.who/that；7.when/in which；8.which；9.which；10.which；
11.why/that/for which；12.which/that；13.why/that/for which；
14.where/in which；15.which/that；
【答案】
五、语法专项训练
1.They will fly to Washington, _____ they plan to stay for two or three days.
2.-Where did you get to know her
-It was on the farm _____ we worked.
3.The village _____ we learned farming two years ago has developed a lot.
4.Students should take part in community activities _____ they can gain experience for growth.
II.用适当的关系副词填空
五、语法专项训练
5.Nowadays people are more concerned about the environment _____ they live.
6.Many countries are now setting up national parks _____ animals and plants can be protected.
7.When I arrived,Bryan took me to see the house _____ I would be staying.
8.It is said that the carth is unlikely to be the only planet _____ life has developed gradually.
II.用适当的关系副词填空
五、语法专项训练
9.Life is like a long race _____ we compete with others to go beyond ourselves.
10.-What do you think of teaching,Bob
-I find it fun and challenging. It is a job _____ you are doing something serious but interesting.
11.I have reached a point in my life _____ I am supposed to make decisions of my own.
12.It's helpful to put children in a situation _____ they can see themselves differently.
II.用适当的关系副词填空
五、语法专项训练
13.All the neighbors admire this family _____ the parents are treating their child like a friend.
14. Today, we'll discuss a number of cases _____ beginners of English fail to use the language properly.
15.I am looking forward to the day _____ my daughter can read this book and know my feelings for her.
16.We are living in an age _____ many things are done on the computer.
II.用适当的关系副词填空
五、语法专项训练
17.Do you remember the afternoon _____ we first met three years ago
18.I'll never forget the occasion _____ I was accepted as a League member.
19.July and August are the months _____ the weather is hot.
20.This is the time _____ you should take a break and start something else.
II.用适当的关系副词填空
五、语法专项训练
1-14 where；
15-20 when；
【答案】
五、语法专项训练
III.用“介词＋关系代词”填空
1. Have you ever read the book __________ there arc many pictures
2. The man __________ he had a talk yesterday is a doctor.
3. The library __________ we often borrow books is very large.
4. The gentleman __________ you spoke just now is our headmaster.
五、语法专项训练
III.用“介词＋关系代词”填空
5. This is the new bicycle __________ spent five hundred dollars.
6. Give me a pieceof paper __________ I can write the phone number.
7. The boy built a telescope ___________ he could study the skies.
8. Eric received training in the computer for one year, __________ he found a job in a big company.
五、语法专项训练
III.用“介词＋关系代词”填空
9. Here are the table tennis players, some __________ are from our school.
10. The tool __________ he is working is called an engine.
11. He is a learned man, __________ I've learned a lot about space science.
12. China has hundreds of islands, the largest __________ is Taiwan Island.
五、语法专项训练
III.用“介词＋关系代词”填空
13. The school has 3,500 students, __________ two thirds are girls.
14. The old man has two daughters, __________ one is a nurse in the hospital.
15. In our class there are 46 students,half __________ wear glasses.
16. John invited about 40 people to his wedding, most __________ were family members.
五、语法专项训练
III.用“介词＋关系代词”填空
17. The children, all __________ had played the whole day long,were worn out.
18. The newly-built cafe,the walls __________ are painted light green, is really a peaceful place for us, especially after hard work.
19. She brought her three friends,none __________ I had ever met before.
20. The man pulled out a gold watch, the hands __________ were made of small diamonds.
五、语法专项训练
1.in which；2.with whom；3.from which；4.to/with whom；
5. on which；6.on which；7.through which；8.after which；
9.of whom；10.with which；11. from whom；12.of which；
13. of whom；14.of whom；15.of whom；16.of whom；
17.of whom；18.of which；19.of whom；20.of which
【答案】
五、语法专项训练
There was a time __1__ I got tired of learning English.That was the reason __2__ I was forced to join an English learning club, __3__ my English would be improved. My tutor was a professor from England __4__ spoken English was quite excellent.I tried to communicate with him in English,from __5__ I gained a lot of useful tips. In the club I got along well with all my classmates.
IV.语篇填空（用适当的关系代词或关系副词完成短文）
五、语法专项训练
Our club held various kinds of English activities __6__ we had never participated in before. My partner was a beautiful girl, with __7__ help I made great progress in my English study. Every morning I recited the new words __8__ I had just learned. Besides, I kept a diary, in __9__ I set down a series of things __10__ happened around me every day.
IV.语篇填空（用适当的关系代词或关系副词完成短文）
五、语法专项训练
I tried to find the best way __11__ I could overcome my difficulties in learning English. Now,I must thank my tutor __12__ encouraged me and my partner with __13__ I studied English together. They are my friends __14__ I should trust forever. __15__ the saying goes, nothing is impossible to a willing heart.
IV.语篇填空（用适当的关系代词或关系副词完成短文）
五、语法专项训练
1.when；2.why；3.where；4.whose；5.whom；
6.that/which；7.whose；8.that/which；9.which；10.that/which；
11.that/in which；12.who；13.whom；14.who/whom/that；15.As
【答案】
谢谢
21世纪教育网（www.21cnjy.com)
中小学教育资源网站
兼职招聘：
https://www.21cnjy.com/recruitment/home/admin
Unit 5
LANGUAGES AROUND THE WORLD
单元语法全解
人教版（2019）必修1 高一（上）
概 述
定语从句（II）-关系副词的用法
目 录
目录contents
一、概述
二、关系副词引导定语从句
三、关系代词与关系副词的选用
四、“介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句
五、语法专项训练
一、概述
一、概述
一、概述
概述
被定语从句修饰的词叫做先行词；连接先行词与从句的词叫关系词（包括关系代词和关系副词）。关系词不仅在先行词与定语从句之间起连接作用，而且也充当定语从句中的一个成分。
当引导定语从句的关系词在从句中作时间、地点、原因状语时，应使用关系副词when，where，why。还有一个万能关系副词that。
一、概述
概述
关系副词的作用如下：
（1）指代表示时间、地点、原因的先行词；
（2）在从句中充当句子成分-状语；
（3）起连接作用，把主句和定语从句连接起来。
一、概述
概述
关系副词的用法如下表所示：
关系副词 修饰的先行词 在从句中所作的成分
when 时间名词 时间状语
where 地点名词 地点状语
why 原因名词 原因状语
that time,place,reason,way 时间、地点、原因、方式状语
二、关系副词引导
定语从句
二、关系副词引导
定语从句
二、关系副词引导
定语从句
when引导定语从句，其先行词是表示时间的名词，如time，morning，day，week，month，year等，when在从句中作时间状语。
eg：I still remember the days when we swam together in the river. 我仍然记得我们在这条河中一起游泳的日子。
eg：Do you know the date when they got married
你知道他们结婚的日期吗？
1．when的用法
二、关系副词引导
定语从句
where引导定语从句，其先行词往往是表示地点的名词，如place，spot，room，house，school，city等，where在从句中作地点状语。这里说的“地点”名词包括：①具体的地点，如place，house；②抽象的地点，如 position，stage；③隐性的地点，如news，story，words，something等。
eg：Do you still remember the woods where we first met
你还记得我们第一次见面的那片树林吗？
eg：Please keep your things in a place where you can find them easily.
请把你的东西放在容易找到的地方。
【特别提示】
并非所有的表示“地点”和“时间”的先行词，后面的定语从句一定要用where和when引导。如果定语从句中缺少主语或宾语，就要用that或 which引导。
eg：This is the house that／which my father built last year.（关系词在定语从句中作宾语，不用where）
eg：Do you still remember the days that/which we spent in the countryside？（关系词在定语从句中作宾语，不用when）
2．where的用法
二、关系副词引导
定语从句
why引导定语从句，表示原因或理由，其先行词是reason。why在定语从句中作原因状语。
eg：Is this the reason why you refused me
这就是你拒绝我的理由吗？
eg：She came around to explain the reason why she was absent from the meeting 她过来是为了解释她当时缺席会议的原因。
3．why的用法
二、关系副词引导
定语从句
【特别提示】
如果reason不是定语从句中事件发生的原因，而是充当了定语从句中谓语动词的主语或宾语，这时，要用关系代词that或which引导定语从句，不用why。
eg：I won’t listen to the reason that/which you have given us.我坚决不听你给我们提供的那个理由。
（that，which在句中作宾语）
3．why的用法
二、关系副词引导
定语从句
在现代英语中，that是一个多功能词，它可以用作关系副词引导定语从句，修饰表示时间（time）、地点（place）、原因（reason）、方式（way）的先行词。that 作关系副词时，相当于when，where，why，in which，而且一般可以省略。
（1）表示时间时，that相当于when或“介词＋which”，可省略。
eg：I still remember the time(that/when/in which)I helped my father on the farm.我仍然记得在农场里帮助我爸爸的岁月。
（2）表示地点时，that相当于where或“介词＋which”，可省略。
eg：I have never been to the place(that/where/in which)the Indians live.我从未去过那些印第安人居住的地方。
4．关系副词that的用法
二、关系副词引导
定语从句
（3）表示原因时，that相当于why或 for which，可省略。
eg：The reason(that/why/for which) he lost his life was lack of medical care.他死的原因是缺乏医疗护理。
（4）表示方式时，that相当于in which，可省略。
eg：Can you work out a way(that/in which) we can solve this problem？你能找出一种我们能够解决这个问题的方法吗？
此时不能用how引导定语从句。注意：how从来不引导定语从句！
4．关系副词that的用法
二、关系副词引导
定语从句
【特别提示】
英语中，定语从句的先行词可以是表示“时间、地点、原因、方式”的名词，而且在定语从句中缺少时间状语、地点状语、原因状语或方式状语。因此就有了相应的关系副词：when，where，why。但没有专门表示“方式”的关系副词，因此，只能使用in which（表示in the way）或that。
此外，that是个万能词，可以作为关系副词引导上述四种定语从句。但是，务必注意：它不能随便使用。只有在这些先行词的词义非常明确时，即：这些词明确表示时间（time）、地点（place）、原因（reason）、方式（way） 时，才可以使用。
4．关系副词that的用法
三、关系代词与关系副词的
选用
三、关系代词与关系副词的选用
三、关系代词与关系副词的
选用
依据 用法
根据从句的谓语动词 是及物动词，后面若无宾语，用关系代词；是不及物动词则用关系副词
根据关系词在从句中所作的成分 若关系词在从句中作主语或宾语，则用关系代词；若作状语，则用关系副词
三、关系代词与关系副词的
选用
eg：This is the factory(thal/which) Ivisited last year.
这是我去年参观过的那家工厂。
（visit是及物动词，关系代词在从句中作宾语）
eg：This is the factory where he used to work.
这是他以前工作过的那家工厂。
（work是不及物动词，关系副词在从句中作地点状语）
【第一组】
三、关系代词与关系副词的
选用
eg：Is this the museum that／which was built last year？这就是去年建成的那家博物馆吗？（关系代词在从句中作主语）
eg：Is this the museum where the exhibition was held
这就是举办展览的那家博物馆吗？（关系副词在从句中作地点状语）
【第二组】
三、关系代词与关系副词的
选用
eg：Is this the reason (that/which) he explained for being late
这就是他解释迟到的原因吗？
（关系代词在从句中作宾语）
eg：Is this the reason why he was late for class？
这就是他上课迟到的原因吗？（关系副词在从句中作原因状语）
【第三组】
三、关系代词与关系副词的
选用
eg：This is the house where my grandfather lived.
这是我祖父住过的房子。（关系副词在从句中作地点状语）
eg：This is the house(that/which) my grandfather lived in.
这是我祖父住过的房子。（关系代词在从句中作介词宾语）
eg：This is the house（that／which） my grandfather built.
这是我祖父建造的房子。（关系代词在从句中作及物动词的宾语）
eg：This is the house that/which was built by my grandfather.
这是由我祖父建造的房子。（关系代词在从句中作主语）
【第四组】
四、“介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句
四、“介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句
四、“介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句
1．用适当的关系代词完成下列各句
我们知道，关系代词在定语从句中可以作宾语，包括及物动词的宾语和介词的宾语。关系代词作介词宾语时，介词通常放在定语从句的末尾。但在很多情况下，需要把介词放在关系代词的前面，这就是“介词＋关系代词”引导的定语从句。具体使用什么介词，可能与先行词的固定搭配有关，可能与定语从句中动词的搭配有关，可能与定语从句中形容词的搭配有关。还有一种可能，就是与定语从句所要表达的具体意思有关。
四、“介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句
1．用适当的关系代词完成下列各句
关系副词 when，where，why引导定语从句时，关系副词也可用“介词＋关系代词”代替。在“介词＋关系代词”引导的定语从句中，关系代词只能用which或whom，不可用that或who。先行词指物时用which，先行词指人时用whom。“介词＋which／whom”是定语从句中常见的语言现象，也是同学们不易掌握的一个语法项目，问题的关键是这个“介词”较难确定。但它是有规律可循的，有以下几种情况：
四、“介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句
（1）替代when
eg：I'll never forget the day on which ( =when) my son was born.
我永远忘不了我儿子出生的那一天。
（on依据on theday确定）
eg：The year in which(=when) the earthquake happened was
2008．发生地震的那年是2008年。
（in依据in the year确定）
1．“介词＋which”可以替代关系副词when，where，why
四、“介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句
（2）替代where
eg：This is the farm on which(=where) I used to work.
这就是我过去工作过的农场。
（on依据 on the farm 确定）
eg：He forgot the exact place in which ( =where) he had hidden the jewelry.
他忘记了埋藏珠宝的确切地点。
（in依据inthe place 确定）
1．“介词＋which”可以替代关系副词when，where，why
四、“介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句
（3）替代why
eg：I'd like you to explain the reason for which( =why) you refused my offer.
我想让你解释一下你拒绝我帮助的原因。
（for 依据 for the reason 确定）
1．“介词＋which”可以替代关系副词when，where，why
四、“介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句
eg：I'll never forget the time during which I was with my friends in the country.
我永远不会忘记和朋友们一起在乡村度过的时光。
（during 依据 during the time 确定）
eg：I will offer you a better way in which you can do the job.
我要给你提供一个做这项工作较好的办法。
（in依据inabetter way 确定）
2．依据与先行词的固定搭配确定使用什么介词
四、“介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句
3．依据定语从句中动词或形容词的搭配来确定介词
eg：She bought several books， on which she spent all her money. 她买了几本书，这些书花光了她所有的钱。
（on依据spend..on确定）
eg：It is the price of which I am not sure.
我没有把握的就是价格。（of依据 be sure of确定）
四、“介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句
eg：Can you see the river across which there is a bridge
你能看见上面有座桥的那条河吗？
eg：He is swimming in the river,on which there is a boat.
他在那条河里游泳，河面上有一只小船。
eg：Here is the river in which I used to swim.
这儿就是我过去常在里面游泳的那条河
4．根据定语从句所表达的具体意思来确定介词
四、“介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句
除了“介词＋which”以外，如果定语从句的先行词是“人”，那么也可以用“介词＋whom”引导定语从句。
eg：There should be someone to whom you can turn for advice.
应该有一个你可以向他寻求建议的人。
（to依据 turn tosomeone for advice 确定）
eg：She began to love the young man with whom she had worked for so long.
她开始爱上和她一起工作了这么久的那个年轻人。
（with 依据 worked with the young man 确定）
四、“介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句
（1）如果在whom和which之前用 of表示所属关系（即ofwhom，of which 表示所属关系），这时名词需要特指，应加定冠词，该名词放在of whom，of which之前或之后均可。
eg：I'd like a room the window of which looks out over the sea.
eg：I'd like a room of which the window looks out over the sea.
因为whose也表示所属关系，所以可以转换为：
eg：I'd like a room whose window looks out over the sea.
5．“介词＋关系代词”的
其他表达法
四、“介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句
（2）在whom 和which 之前用of，还可以表示部分与整体的关系。这时，表示“部分”的数词或代词，放在ofwhom，of which之前或之后均可。
eg：She has three daughters,one of whom is a doctor.
eg：She has three daughters,all of whom are beautiful.
eg：She has three daughters,the oldest of whom is called Mary.
还可以说：
eg：She has three daughters, of whom one is a doctor.
eg：She has three daughters,of whom all are beautiful.
eg：She has three daughters,of whom the oldest is called Mary.
5．“介词＋关系代词”的
其他表达法
四、“介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句
有些“动词＋介词”被视为一个固定的词组，不可分割。这时不能把介词置于关系代词前，如：
listen to，look at, look for, look after, care for,hear from,
send for等。
eg：This is the right book for which I＇m looking.（误）
eg：This is the right book（that）I＇m looking for.（正）
【特别提示】
四、“介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句
定语从句真奇妙，关系代（副）词来引导，
定语从句分两种，是否限定看逗号。
which 指物who指人，地点where 时间 when，
that人或物均可，why之前是reason。
从句当中作宾语，whom 可以代替 who，
为了句子更简练，关系代词可省去。
关系若是表所属，whose用法不可无。
除此之外还有啥？whom，which加of。
【记忆口诀】
五、语法专项训练
五、语法专项训练
五、语法专项训练
1．用适当的关系代词或关系副词（包括“介词＋关系代词”）完成下列各句
1.These bone and shell fossils date back to a billion years ago __________ there were no human beings.
2.They are natives __________ attitude towards their civilisation can＇t be changed.
3.The system still has some faults despite the facts on __________ it is based.
五、语法专项训练
1．用适当的关系代词或关系副词（包括“介词＋关系代词”）完成下列各句
4.We have ignored many factors __________led to the empire＇s ups and downs.
5.We will visit the park __________there are a variety of stone figures __________ the sculptor carved.
6.This word may refer to a native __________ can speak the local dialect.
五、语法专项训练
1．用适当的关系代词或关系副词（包括“介词＋关系代词”）完成下列各句
7.He is looking forward to the semester ________ his major is English classic literature.
8. In my point of view, this is the major means by __________ we can solve global affairs.
9.Subway, gas, pants and apartment are American English words from __________ British English has different words.
五、语法专项训练
1．用适当的关系代词或关系副词（包括“介词＋关系代词”）完成下列各句
10.The article in __________ he gives a specific description of his demand for equal rights is worth reading.
11.The reason __________ John studied Chinese characters and calligraphy is not clear.
12.This is a symbol __________ shows the ups and downs of that dynasty.
五、语法专项训练
1．用适当的关系代词或关系副词（包括“介词＋关系代词”）完成下列各句
13.Do you know the reason __________ British people say underground and petrol instead of subway and gas？
14.Changes in vocabulary may be related to a nation's social system __________ it develops.
15.He appreciates Chinese calligraphy and regards it as his major, but the reason ___________ he gives us is unbelievable.
五、语法专项训练
1.when；2.whose；3.which；4.that；5.where;which/that；
6.who/that；7.when/in which；8.which；9.which；10.which；
11.why/that/for which；12.which/that；13.why/that/for which；
14.where/in which；15.which/that；
【答案】
五、语法专项训练
1.They will fly to Washington, _____ they plan to stay for two or three days.
2.-Where did you get to know her
-It was on the farm _____ we worked.
3.The village _____ we learned farming two years ago has developed a lot.
4.Students should take part in community activities _____ they can gain experience for growth.
II.用适当的关系副词填空
五、语法专项训练
5.Nowadays people are more concerned about the environment _____ they live.
6.Many countries are now setting up national parks _____ animals and plants can be protected.
7.When I arrived,Bryan took me to see the house _____ I would be staying.
8.It is said that the carth is unlikely to be the only planet _____ life has developed gradually.
II.用适当的关系副词填空
五、语法专项训练
9.Life is like a long race _____ we compete with others to go beyond ourselves.
10.-What do you think of teaching,Bob
-I find it fun and challenging. It is a job _____ you are doing something serious but interesting.
11.I have reached a point in my life _____ I am supposed to make decisions of my own.
12.It's helpful to put children in a situation _____ they can see themselves differently.
II.用适当的关系副词填空
五、语法专项训练
13.All the neighbors admire this family _____ the parents are treating their child like a friend.
14. Today, we'll discuss a number of cases _____ beginners of English fail to use the language properly.
15.I am looking forward to the day _____ my daughter can read this book and know my feelings for her.
16.We are living in an age _____ many things are done on the computer.
II.用适当的关系副词填空
五、语法专项训练
17.Do you remember the afternoon _____ we first met three years ago
18.I'll never forget the occasion _____ I was accepted as a League member.
19.July and August are the months _____ the weather is hot.
20.This is the time _____ you should take a break and start something else.
II.用适当的关系副词填空
五、语法专项训练
1-14 where；
15-20 when；
【答案】
五、语法专项训练
III.用“介词＋关系代词”填空
1. Have you ever read the book __________ there arc many pictures
2. The man __________ he had a talk yesterday is a doctor.
3. The library __________ we often borrow books is very large.
4. The gentleman __________ you spoke just now is our headmaster.
五、语法专项训练
III.用“介词＋关系代词”填空
5. This is the new bicycle __________ spent five hundred dollars.
6. Give me a pieceof paper __________ I can write the phone number.
7. The boy built a telescope ___________ he could study the skies.
8. Eric received training in the computer for one year, __________ he found a job in a big company.
五、语法专项训练
III.用“介词＋关系代词”填空
9. Here are the table tennis players, some __________ are from our school.
10. The tool __________ he is working is called an engine.
11. He is a learned man, __________ I've learned a lot about space science.
12. China has hundreds of islands, the largest __________ is Taiwan Island.
五、语法专项训练
III.用“介词＋关系代词”填空
13. The school has 3,500 students, __________ two thirds are girls.
14. The old man has two daughters, __________ one is a nurse in the hospital.
15. In our class there are 46 students,half __________ wear glasses.
16. John invited about 40 people to his wedding, most __________ were family members.
五、语法专项训练
III.用“介词＋关系代词”填空
17. The children, all __________ had played the whole day long,were worn out.
18. The newly-built cafe,the walls __________ are painted light green, is really a peaceful place for us, especially after hard work.
19. She brought her three friends,none __________ I had ever met before.
20. The man pulled out a gold watch, the hands __________ were made of small diamonds.
五、语法专项训练
1.in which；2.with whom；3.from which；4.to/with whom；
5. on which；6.on which；7.through which；8.after which；
9.of whom；10.with which；11. from whom；12.of which；
13. of whom；14.of whom；15.of whom；16.of whom；
17.of whom；18.of which；19.of whom；20.of which
【答案】
五、语法专项训练
There was a time __1__ I got tired of learning English.That was the reason __2__ I was forced to join an English learning club, __3__ my English would be improved. My tutor was a professor from England __4__ spoken English was quite excellent.I tried to communicate with him in English,from __5__ I gained a lot of useful tips. In the club I got along well with all my classmates.
IV.语篇填空（用适当的关系代词或关系副词完成短文）
五、语法专项训练
Our club held various kinds of English activities __6__ we had never participated in before. My partner was a beautiful girl, with __7__ help I made great progress in my English study. Every morning I recited the new words __8__ I had just learned. Besides, I kept a diary, in __9__ I set down a series of things __10__ happened around me every day.
IV.语篇填空（用适当的关系代词或关系副词完成短文）
五、语法专项训练
I tried to find the best way __11__ I could overcome my difficulties in learning English. Now,I must thank my tutor __12__ encouraged me and my partner with __13__ I studied English together. They are my friends __14__ I should trust forever. __15__ the saying goes, nothing is impossible to a willing heart.
IV.语篇填空（用适当的关系代词或关系副词完成短文）
五、语法专项训练
1.when；2.why；3.where；4.whose；5.whom；
6.that/which；7.whose；8.that/which；9.which；10.that/which；
11.that/in which；12.who；13.whom；14.who/whom/that；15.As
【答案】
谢谢
21世纪教育网（www.21cnjy.com)
中小学教育资源网站
兼职招聘：
https://www.21cnjy.com/recruitment/home/admin