解题达人”备战2023高考语法之名词考点
目录 内容
板块一 基础知识解析
板块二 单句语法填空
板块三 篇章语法填空
一：基础知识解析
1：考点归纳
名词是历年高考的重要考点，常常出现在完形填空、语法填空题型中。名词部分主要考查：
①名词的数(可数与不可数、单数与复数) ②名词和冠词的搭配
③抽象名词的具体化 ④名词的词性变化 ⑤名词的词义辨析
2：知识讲解
一般情况下 在词尾直接加-s mouth→mouths,house→houses
以-s,-x,-ch,-sh结尾的名词 在词尾加-es glass→glasses,match→matches
以辅音字母+-y结尾的名词 变y为i再加-es country→countries,factory→factories
以元音字母+-y结尾的名词 在词尾直接加-s holiday→holidays,monkey→monkeys
以o结尾的名词 一般在词尾加-s piano→pianos,photo→photos
有些在词尾加-es hero→heroes,potato→potatoes
以-f,-fe结尾的名词 一般要变f或fe为v加-es self→selves,wolf→wolves
少数直接加-s roof→roofs,belief→beliefs
单复数同形 deer, sheep, Chinese, means(方式,方法), series, species
词形变化 man→men, woman→women, child→children, tooth→teeth, foot→feet, mouse→mice
合成名词的复数 将主体名词变为复数:passer-by→passers-by, looker-on→lookers-on
无主体名词时通常在最后一个词后加-s:grown-up→grown-ups, stand-by→stand-bys
名词前有man或woman修饰 man/woman和中心词都要变为复数形式。如:woman doctor→women doctors,man teacher→men teachers。
抽象名词(不可数) 具体化(表达具体的概念时,是可数名词)
in surprise惊讶地 a surprise一件令人惊讶的事
achieve success获得成功 a success一个(件)成功的人(事)
win honour赢得荣誉 an honour一个(件)引起尊敬的人(事)
failure失败 a failure一个(件)失败的人(事)
with pleasure乐意 a pleasure一件乐事
主要用于表示有生命的人或物的所有关系。(1)一般是名词词尾加-'s。如:John's home约翰的家;(2)以-s或-es结尾的复数名词,只在词尾加-'。如:students' textbooks 学生们的课本;(3)词尾不带-(e)s的复数名词,仍加-'s。如:children's game 孩子们的游戏。
表示无生命的事物的名词通常用of所有格表示所有关系;名词短语或有定语修饰的有生命的名词也常用of所有格。如:the title of the article文章的标题;the name of the girl over there那边那位女孩的名字。
双重所有格的构成为:“名词+of+-'s所有格”或“名词+of+名词性物主代词”。表示“其中之一”或“其中一部分”,名词前可用a,any,some,a few,two,this,that,these,those 等修饰,但不能用the。如:a picture of my mother's我母亲(拥有)的一张照片;this little cat of your sister's你妹妹的这只小猫。
2：名词词缀
后缀 例词
－ion/
－tion/
－sion/
ation correct→correction改正 celebrate→celebration庆祝
attract→attraction吸引；有吸引力的人或事物
conclude→conclusion结论；结束 discuss→discussion讨论；论述
decide→decision决定 admit→admission承认；准许加入
permit→permission允许，许可 invite→invitation邀请
explain→explanation解释 graduate→graduation毕业
expect→expectation期望
－er/
－or sail→sailor海员，水手 drive→driver司机；驾驶员
gather→gatherer收集者，采集者 teach→teacher老师
announce→announcer广播员 conduct→conductor指挥；售票员
－ment punish→punishment惩罚 achieve→achievement成就
argue→argument辩论；论据 treat→treatment对待；治疗
equip →equipment装备；设备 govern→government政府
astonish→astonishment惊奇
－ance/
－ence appear→appearance出现；外貌 guide→guidance指引；指导
perform→performance表演；表现 exist→existence存在；生存
prefer→preference偏爱 refer→reference参考，查阅
－ure/
ture fail→failure失败；倒闭 press→pressure压力
depart→departure离开；出发 mix→mixture混合(物)
－ing hear→hearing听力，听觉 begin→beginning开始
build→building建筑
－y recover→recovery恢复 discover→discovery发现 scare→scarey害怕
2.形容词转化为名词的后缀
后缀 例词
－age short→shortage
－cy efficient→efficiency效率 fluent→fluency流利
accurate→accuracy准确性 private→privacy隐私
－dom free→freedom自由 wise→wisdom明智；智慧
－ence different→difference差异 silent→silence沉默 evident →evidence 证据
－ness weak→weakness虚弱；弱点
kind→kindness仁慈，友好 careless→carelessness粗心大意
－th strong→strength力气；优势 warm→warmth温暖；热情
－y/－ty/－ity safe→safety安全 disable→disability缺陷；伤残
responsible→responsibility责任 honest→honesty诚实
difficult→difficulty困难
识记小技巧：
①以－o结尾的下列名词要加－es：“黑人英雄爱吃土豆、西红柿”，即Negroes，heroes, potatoes，tomatoes。
②以－f或－fe结尾的名词需要把f或fe去掉，加－ves：“为了自己活命，小偷和他的妻子手里拿着刀子和树叶站在架子上，把狼劈成两半”，即selves，lives，thieves，wives，knives，leaves，shelves，wolves，halves。
二：单句语法填空
1.Filled with (curious), the artist packed his bags and left.
解析：curiosity 句意:充满了好奇,这位画家收拾好行囊就出发了。设空处作介词with的宾语,所以要用所给词的名词形式curiosity。
2.Historical (accurate) is important but so is entertainment. Museums must compete for people's spare time and money with other amusements.
解析：accuracy 句意:历史的准确性很重要,但娱乐也很重要。设空处在句中作主语,应使用名词形式,故填accuracy。
3.This switch has decreased (pollute)in the country's major lakes and reservoirs and made drinking water safer for people.
解析：pollution 考查名词。设空处作decreased的宾语,故使用pollute的名词形式pollution。
4.Other American studies showed no (connect) between uniforms and school performance.
解析：connection(s) 句意:美国的其他研究表明,校服和学校表现之间没有联系。设空处作showed的宾语,且前面有否定词no修饰,故填connection(s)。
5.Few people I know seem to have much desire or time to cook. Making Chinese (dish) is seen as especially troublesome.
解析：dishes 句意:制作中国菜被视为一件特别麻烦的事。根据语境此处应该指:各种各样的中国菜,所以要用名词的复数形式dishes。
6.We Chinese all have an ________ (agree) to develop science and technology.
解析：agreement句意：我们中国人为了发展科学和科技全部达成一致。“an”后加名词单数，所以要把动词agree变成名词，在“agree”后加“-ment”。故填agreement。
7.When the old man was hit by the car, all ______ (passer-by) just stood by but only Jack came to rescue.
解析：passers-by考查名词的数。句意：当这个老人被车撞时，所有的路人都袖手旁观，只有Jack过来救援。由all判断此处用名词复数形式，故填passers-by。
8.We should encourage our students to have _________ (confident) in themselves.
解析：confidence考查名词。句意：我们应该鼓励我们的学生对自己有信心。根据句子结构和意思可知，这里考查名词confidence做宾语，表示“信心”的意思，是不可数名词。故填confidence。
9.I have to make a __________(complain) about the poor quality of food and service in your restaurant.
解析：complaint 所给词complain是动词，设空前有不定冠词a修饰，应用名词complaint作动词make的宾语，make a complaint about"就……提出投诉"。故填complaint。
10.The old man who had a car accident last week made a full _________ (recover) from the operation in hospital.
解析：recovery考查名词，句意：那位上周出了车祸的老人在医院手术后完全康复了。作宾语应用名词recovery，不定冠词提示用单数，故填recovery.
11.Owning a lovable, cuddly pet can unquestionably make one’s home life better and apparently, it can affect pet _____________(owner) professional lives as well.
解析： owners’ 考查名词所有格。根据语境可知,空处和后面的复数名词"lives”为所有关系,表示"宠物主人的职业生活",故填owners’。
12.Even a thirty-minute run will provide ________(relieve) from aches or tension.
解析：relief 考查名词。句意：即使是30分钟的跑步也能缓解疼痛和紧张。根据句意及英文提示可知，所填空应用名词作宾语，" relieve"，动词，意为"减轻；缓和"，其名词形式为 "relief"，不可数，故填 relief。
13.She was unable to give the police a __________(describe) of the attacker because she had no memory of what had happened to her.
解析：description 考查名词。句意：她无法向警方描述袭击者的模样，因为她不记得自己身上发生了什么事。根据句意和空前的冠词a可知，空处填名词，“描述”的名词为description.。故填description。
14.The world needs all kinds of creatures --- without ________(vary), our planet cannot survive.
解析：variety 考查名词。句意：世界需要各种各样的生物一没有多样性，我们的星球就无法生存。根据空格前的介词without可知，此处应用vary的名词形式variety“多样性”，为不可数名词，作介词宾语。故答案为：variety。
15.A furnished room or house is available to be rented together with all sorts of__ _ _(furnish) in it.
解析：furniture 分析句子可知此处指"家具"，应用名词furniture, furniture是不可数名词，故填furniture.
16.When a small amount of blood is taken out from a donor, the body will make quick _________(adjust) to it.
解析：adjustments 。 make adjustments to sth.调整以适应，是固定搭配。故填：adjustments.
17. A ________ (student) college experience is his or her own, and the student must put his or her education first.
解析：考查名词所有格。空处修饰college experience,因此要用所有格形式student's,意为"一个学生的大学经历"。
18.These years, girls start to show more interest in the __________(subject) of science, technology, engineering and maths(STEM) , according to a study from the UK.
解析：考查名词的数。句意：女孩们开始对科学、技术、工程和数学等学科表现出更多的兴趣。subject（学科）是可数名词，介词of之后列举了不同学科，所以用名词的复数形式。故填subjects。
19.And outstanding or gifted players will also have the chance to join inter-school teams for regional__________ (compete) and even national summer camps.
解析：competitions。考查名词复数。句意：优秀或有天赋的球员也将有机会参加校队进入地区比赛，甚至是国家夏令营。and是并列连词，并列的成分词性和词形需一致。故设空处应与复数名词camps的词形词性一致，填复数名词competitions。故填competitions。
20.The __________(exhibit) displayed there hail (向……致敬) the ecological diversity of the area and also presents to the audience successful reformative accomplishments since1997.
解析：exhibits 考查名词。句意“那里所展示的展品致敬了该地区的经济多样性同时也向观众呈现了自从1997年以来成
21.In 1844 they bought it for $1,200 and some land from Charles Dresser, who performed their_________（marry）ceremony in 1842.
解析：marriage 考察名词。根据句意可知，此处要用名词marriage作ceremony的定语，表示“结婚仪式，结婚典礼”。故填marriage。
22.In 1984, the government issued new policies to encourage individuals to plant trees in contracted sand lands. Despite the _________ (oppose) of his family, Shi resigned from his leadership position at a state-owned farm and began his fight against desertification.
解析：opposition考查名词。句意：尽管遭到家人的反对，石还是辞去了一家国有农场的领导职务，开始了防治荒漠化的斗争。分析句子可知，“Despite”为介词，后接名词作宾语，“oppose”为动词，对应的名词为“opposition”，意为“反对”，为不可数名词。故填opposition。
23. “I had to wait for the staff to write down my information, which caused much more ________ (convenience) than scanning codes.”
解析： inconvenience 考查名词。句意：“我必须等待工作人员写下我的信息，这比扫描代码造成了更多的不便。”此处表示“不便”，需用inconvenience作宾语。故填inconvenience。
24.The Ministry of Culture and Tourism will continue to support Hainan in deepening reform and opening up, support Hainan’s aim to become an international tourism consumption center, and provide _________ (assistant) for the construction of Hainan Free Trade Port.
解析：assistance 考查名词。句意：文化和旅游部将继续支持海南深化改革开放，支持海南建设国际旅游消费中心，帮助海南自由贸易港建设。动词provide后用名词作宾语，句子意为“帮助海南自由贸易港建设”，空格处意为“帮助”，名词是assistance，是不可数名词，故填assistance。
25.Researchers found that those with strong. close bonds with their friends at age fifteen were more likely to be healthy and happy later. Importantly, ______ ( popular), defined as lots of people liking you generally but not closely, wasn't found to have the same benefit as close friends.
解析： popularity 考查名词。句意：重要的是，受欢迎——被定义为很多人喜欢你但不是很喜欢你——并没有被发现和亲密的朋友有同样的好处。分析句子可知，空格处为句子主语，此处应用所给形容词popular的名词形式作主语。故填popularity.
26.Don't do this in an obvious way because this is annoying，but do it without his awareness of your ________ (intend)．
解析：intention 考查名词。根据空前的形容词性物主代词your可知，该处用名词形式。句意：不要以明显的方式来做这件事情，因为这很烦人，而是在他(朋友)没有意识到你的意图的情况下做这件事情。故填intention。
27．Experience showed that he was right.Good ____________ (friend) are just not easily formed.
解析：friendships在句中作主语，用名词形式；根据谓语动词are formed可知，主语应为复数形式，故填friendships。
28.The greatest is to expect too much too soon.Deep relationships take time.Another main difficulty is the ____________ (selfish) to think one “owns” the other，including his time and attention.
解析：selfishness 在冠词后要用名词。句意：最大的问题是期望太早。深度关系需要时间。另一个主要的困难是自私，认为一个人“拥有”另一个人，包括他的时间和注意力。
29.he started cooking pizzas for ________ (tourist)at Pacaya volcano in Guatemala.
解析：考查名词。句意:没错,他开始在危地马拉的帕卡亚火山为游客烹饪披萨。for为介词,空处缺少名词作宾语,此处“游客不止一名,用名词复数。故填tourists。
30.Healthy living is about taking responsibility for your (decide) and choices for today and for the future.
解析：考查名词的数。句意:健康的生活就是为你今天和未来的决定和选择负责。作宾语,表示“决定"应用名词decision,结合后文choices可知用复数形式。故填decisions。
三：篇章语法填空
Passage A
On June 18, Qiyun Mountain Customs Exhibition was displayed in the Water Cube in Beijing. This exhibition is 36 important part of “Search for Taoist Mountains (道教山)”, the 2nd customs exhibition of “Wild China & Beautiful Land”, 37 was sponsored by the China Landscape and Historic Sites Association. Wudang Mountain in Hubei Province, Qingcheng Mountain and Tais-han Mountain are also 38 display.
_ 39 (support) by the special space of the Water Cube and tourist gathering areas like passageways and the center stage, the brilliant Taoist culture is 40 (vivid) displayed in three dimensions. Tourists are led in 41 _(explore) of the Taoist mountains which 42 (witness) the Chinese civilization for five thousand years and they can appreciate the infinite charm of Qiyun Mountain.
Qiyun Mountain Customs Exhibition was co-hosted by Qiyun Mountain Management Committee and Sunriver. The 43 (form) of this exhibition were rich and colorful and the performance methods were fine and 44 _(comprehend). The period of Qiyun Mountain Customs Exhibition will continue until October this year. During the exhibition, some other displays 45 (focus) on the theme “Wild China & Beautiful Land” will be displayed in the Water Cube. Audience numbers will be over 10 million.
解析：36. an 37. which 38. on 39. Supported 40. vividly
41. exploration 42. have witnessed 43. forms prehensive 45. focusing
这是一篇新闻报道。本文报道了在北京水立方举办的齐云山民俗展览活动。
36考查冠词。句意：本次展览是由中国风景名胜区协会主办的第二届“美丽中国锦绣山河”民俗展览“寻找道教山”的重要组成部分。分析句子可知，此处的“important part”泛指一个重要的部分，因而需填入不定冠词，important为元音音素开头，所以用an。故填an。
37考查定语从句关系词。分析句子结构可知，设空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词为exhibition，指物，在从句中作主语，因而用which引导。故填which。
38考查介词。句意：湖北省的武当山，青城山和泰山也参与展出。短语on display意为“陈列；展出”，设空处缺少介词on。故填on。
39考查非谓语动词。句意：在水立方的特殊空间及旅游聚集区如通道、中央舞台等的支撑下，灿烂的道教文化在三维空间中得到了生动的展示。分析句子结构可知，设空处需填入非谓语动词作状语，动词support与逻辑主语Taoist culture之间是被动关系，因而需用过去分词形式表示被动，同时位于句首，首字母需要大写。故填Supported。
40.考查副词。设空处修饰动词displayed，需用副词形式。故填vividly。
41考查名词。句意：游客们被带到见证了中华文明五千年的道教山去探索，他们可以领略齐云山的无穷魅力。短语in exploration of意为“探索……”，设空处缺少名词作宾语。故填exploration。
42考查时态和主谓一致。分析句子结构可知，设空处缺少从句的谓语，根据句中“for five thousand years”和主句时态可知从句时态为现在完成时，从句主语which指代先行词“the Taoist mountains”，为复数。故填have witnessed。
43考查名词。句意：展览形式丰富多彩，表演手法精细全面。分析句子结构可知，设空处需填入名词作主语，根据were可知，此处应填名词复数。故填forms。
44考查形容词。分析句子结构可知，设空处与形容词fine并列作表语，因而需填入形容词。故填comprehensive。
45考查非谓语动词。句意：展览期间，水立方还将展出其他一些以“美丽中国锦绣山河”为主题的展品。分析句子结构可知，设空处需填入非谓语形式作displays的后置定语，displays与focus之间是主谓关系，因而需用现在分词形式表示主动。故填focusing。
Passage B
The term “China-Chic” characterizes the rise of China’s native fashion trends. It has expanded the concept of “Made in China,” ____36____ is usually regarded as the assurance of the quality of products.
In recent years, “Made in China” has ____37____ (increasing) been recognized as the representation of Chinese culture ____38____ (offer) by homegrown Chinese brands, or simply “China -Chic.”
The initial ____39____(adopt) of the term “China -Chic” was similar to “Brit Style,” which represents a unique fashion trend mainly defined by the country’s differentiating cultural ____40____ (element).
Designers in the fashion industry were ____41____ first to feature traditional Chinese patterns and characters, garment textiles and crafting technique in ____42____ (they) newest collections. The eye-catching colors and styles created a visual feast that many have never seen before, quickly ____43____(turn) the collections into best sellers.
Under such influence, young people gradually ____44____ (shift) their attention from pop culture imported from Japan, Korea and the West and started to develop interest _____45_____ traditional Chinese art and literature, practicing Chinese calligraphy and musical instrument, such as Guzheng.
解析：
36. which 37. increasingly 38. offered 39. adoption 40. elements
41. the 42. their 43. turning 44. shifted 45. in
本文是一篇说明文，主要讲的是“China -Chic”这个词产生的背景。
36.考查定语从句。句意：它扩大了“中国制造”的概念，而“中国制造”通常被视为产品质量的保证。分析句子结构可知，空格处引导非限制性定语从句，从句中缺少主语，先行词“concept of “Made in China,””是物，因此空格处用关系代词which。故填which。
37.考查副词。句意：近年来，“中国制造”越来越被认为是中国本土品牌提供的中国文化的代表，或简称为“中国风”。空格处用副词修饰动词recognized，increasing的副词是increasingly，意为“越来越多地”，故填increasingly。
38.考查过去分词。句中谓语是“has_____ (increasing) been recognized”，空格处用非谓语动词，由by可知，空格处用过去分词offered表被动，故填offered。
39.考查名词。句意：“China -Chic”一词最初被采用与“Brit Style”类似，“Brit Style”代表了一种独特的时尚趋势，主要由该国不同的文化元素定义。initial是形容词，修饰名词，adopt的名词是adoption，意为“采用”，是不可数名词，故填adoption。
40.考查名词的复数。element是可数名词，differentiating意为“不同的”，其后跟复数elements，故填elements。
41.考查定冠词。句意：时尚界的设计师们在他们的最新系列中率先采用了传统的中国图案和汉字，服装纺织品和工艺技术。first是序数词，表示第一，前面加定冠词the，故填the。
42.考查物主代词。根据语境可知，句子表示“时尚界的设计师们在他们的最新系列中率先采用了传统的中国图案和汉字，服装纺织品和工艺技术”，Designers和“newest collections”是所属关系，空格处意为“他们的”，用形容词性物主代词their修饰名词短语“newest collections”。故填their。
43.考查现在分词。句意：引人注目的色彩和风格创造了许多人从未见过的视觉盛宴，迅速将这些系列变成畅销书。句中谓语是created，空格处用非谓语动词，前面描述的事情和turn之间是主谓关系，因此空格处用现在分词turning表主动，故填turning。
44.考查时态。句意：在这种影响下，年轻人逐渐将注意力从日本、韩国和西方的流行文化转移，开始对中国传统艺术和文学产生兴趣，练习中国书法和古筝等乐器。and前后时态一致，由started可知，空格处的句子是一般过去时，空格处用过去式shifted。故填shifted。
45.考查介词和固定短语。develop interest in是固定短语，意为“产生对……的兴趣”，因此空格处是介词in，故填in。
Passage C
Some students might hate the idea of homework because it is time consuming. Others might think that homework is unnecessary because all of the learning is done in the classroom. I disagree with both of these____41____(opinion)I think that homework is an important factor in a____42____ (student)education.
One reason is that it helps you understand____43____you have learned in class. When I was struggling with solving equations(方程式), I____44____ (give)homework. When I came back to school the next day, I was able to solve equations more____45____(easy). Duke University did a study and it shows homework helps most students. The study also shows that homework is ____46____(use) because it helps the teachers know what their students are struggling with.
Another reason is that doing homework____47____(help)students get better grades in tests and exams. Oxford University found out that high school students who do about two hours of homework are more likely ____48____(do)better at school.
The last reason why homework is important is that it prepares students ____49____ the real world. Homework is teaching me how to get information through repetition. Homework is teaching me punctuality(守时)by having a due date. The University of Illinois says that students_____50_____do homework usually have better study habits.
解析：41. opinions 42. student’s 43. what 44. was given 45. easily
46. useful 47. helps 48. to do 49. for 50. who##that
【本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了做家庭作业的好处。
41.考查名词的数。句意：我不同意这两种观点，我认为家庭作业在学生的教育中是一个重要的因素。these后面的可数名词一般用复数形式。所以填opinions
42.考查名词所有格。句意：我不同意这两种观点，我认为家庭作业在学生教育中是一个重要的因素。这里的student和education构成了所属关系，所以用所有格形式。故填student’s。
43.考查名词性从句。句意：一个原因是它能帮助你理解你在课堂上学到的东西。本句为宾语从句，从句中动词learned缺少宾语，且指物，所以用连接代词what引导。故填what。
44.考查时态和语态。句意：当我绞尽脑汁解方程式时，老师给我布置了家庭作业。根据前面的was可知本空应该用一般过去时。主语I与give之间为被动关系，所以用被动语态。故填was given。
45.考查副词。句意：当我第二天回到学校时，我能够更容易地理解方程式了。本空用副词形式修饰前面的动词solve。故填easily。
46.考查形容词。句意：这项研究还表明，家庭作业是有用的，因为它可以帮助老师了解他们的学生面临的困难。根据本空前的系动词is可知，此处应该用形容词作表语。故填useful。
47.考查时态和主谓一致。句意：另一个原因是，做作业可以帮助学生在考试和考试中取得更好的成绩。陈述客观事实，用一般现在时。动名词短语作句子主语，谓语动词一般用单数。故填helps。
48.考查非谓语动词。句意：牛津大学发现，做两个小时家庭作业的高中生更有可能在学校表现更好。be likely to do sth意为“有可能做某事”。 故填to do。
49.考查介词。句意：家庭作业很重要的最后一个原因是它为学生面对现实世界做准备，家庭作业教我如何通过重复获得信息。prepare...for...意为“为……做准备”。故填for。
50.考查定语从句。句意：伊利诺伊大学表示，做家庭作业的学生通常有更好的学习习惯。句中先行词是students，表示人，且在定语从句中充当主语。所以用关系代词who或that引导。故填who/that。
Passage D
Shaanxi kuaiban is a____41____ (tradition) Chinese form of storytelling in the Shaanxi local language to the strong regular repeated sound of bamboo clappers. On June 10, 2021, the Ministry of Culture and Tourism ____42____ (recognize) a new group of 325 national intangible (非物质的) cultural heritage items in Beijing, increasing the list established in 2006 to 1,557 items. Shaanxi kuaiban, ____43____ can date back to the late Qing Dynasty (1644 — 1911), has been included. It can ____44____ (perform) by a group or alone. With one or two pairs of kuaiban of different sizes in hand, the performers speak in the local language while____45____ (tell) stories, which are usually about sufferers or heroes.
Shaanxi kuaiban is ____46____ popular that there are many professional artists and performers in China. According to its performers, the art was originally used by farmers ____47____ (share) their knowledge and earn money. ____48____ time going by, more and more people perform Shaanxi kuaiban in different particular events — for example, at festival celebrations, ____49____(party) and art shows. Supported by the government, it has been one of the _____50_____ (good) art forms in Shaanxi and has been introduced to local schools as part of their art education.
解析：41. traditional 42. recognized 43. which 44. be performed 45. telling 46. so 47. to share 48. With 49. parties 50. best
41.考查形容词。句意：陕西快板是一种用陕西方言讲故事的传统中国形式，以强烈而有规律的竹板重复的声音。修饰后文名词form应用形容词traditional，作定语。故填traditional。
42.考查时态。句意：2021年6月10日，文化和旅游部在北京重新认定了325项国家级非物质文化遗产，将2006年确定的非物质文化遗产名录增加到1557项。根据上文On June 10, 2021可知为一般过去时。故填recognized。
43.考查定语从句。句意：可以追溯到清末（1644——1911）的陕西快板也包括在内。此处为非限制性定语从句修饰先行词Shaanxi kuaiban，在从句中作主语，指物，故用关系代词which。故填which。
44.考查语态句意：它可以由一组人表演，也可以单独表演。主语It与perform构成被动关系，且can后跟动词原形。故填be performed。
45.考查省略句。句意：表演者手里拿着一两对大小不一的快板，用当地语言讲故事，故事通常是关于受害者或英雄的。在while引导的状语从句中，当从句主语和主句主语一致且从句含有be的某种形式时，可省略从句的主语和be，从句完整形式为while the performers are telling stories，相当于省略了the performers are。故填telling。
46.考查副词。句意：陕西快板非常受欢迎，中国有许多专业的艺术家和表演者。引导结果状语从句，表示“如此……以至于……”应用so…that…，修饰形容词popular应用副词so。故填so。
47.考查非谓语动词。句意：据表演者说，这种艺术最初是农民用来分享知识和赚钱的。分析句子结构可知share在句中应用非谓语动词形式，此处作目的状语，应用不定式。故填to share。
48.考查介词。句意：随着时间的推移，越来越多的人在不同的特定活动中表演陕西快板，例如在节日庆典、晚会和艺术表演中。表示“随着”应用介词with。本句为with的复合结构。句首单词首字母要大写。故填With。
49.考查名词的数。party为可数名词，根据上文festival celebrations可知应用复数形式。故填parties。
50.考查最高级。句意：在政府的支持下，它已经成为陕西最好的艺术形式之一，并作为艺术教育的一部分被引入当地的学校。此处为one of+形容词最高级+可数名词复数形式结构，good应用最高级形式。故填best。
Passage E
Huangshan, ____56____ (locate) in the south of Anhui province, is a must-see sight for Chinese people. Just like all popular tourist attractions in China, it is very crowded during peak seasons and national holidays, during ____57____ time reservations are a must. Each season offers ____58____ unique aspect of this beautiful mountain.
Summer is one of the peak seasons, when the mountain is green and refreshing and temperatures are cool and comfortable. In the fall, the colors are ____59____ their brightest, and blue skies and red maples are picture-perfect. Autumn is also a peak season, ____60____ (particular) during the October National holidays. Winter is one of the prettiest seasons and the best time to appreciate the icy peaks surrounded by the sea of clouds. Also, this is the most economical time ____61____ (travel). The promise of spring brings fresh greens and wild flowers, and waterfalls and streams are at their best—a beautiful time to visit and not as crowded as in the peak ____62____ (month) of summer and autumn.
It was in this beautiful place that some of the scenes from Crouching Tiger, Hidden Dragon ____63____( film). Wear comfortable shoes, ____64____most of all, enjoy the beauty of nature that ____65____ (surround) you in this amazing Chinese mountain!
解析：本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了黄山四季优美景色，每个季节都有其特殊的景色，如夏天很凉爽，秋天看枫叶，冬天看云海，春天看瀑布，充分展现了大自然的美丽。
56.考查非谓语动词。句意：黄山位于安徽省南部，是中国人必去的景点。句中谓语是is，空格处用非谓语动词，Huangshan和locate之间是逻辑动宾关系，因此空格处用过去分词表被动。故填located。
57.考查定语从句。句意：就像中国所有受欢迎的旅游景点一样，在旺季和国庆节期间，它非常拥挤，在此期间必须预订。空格处是“介词+which/whom”引导的非限制性定语从句，先行词peak seasons and national holidays是物，因此空格处用which。故填which。
58.考查冠词。句意：每个季节都呈现出这座美丽山峰独特的一面。aspect是可数名词，此处表泛指，前面要加不定冠词，unique是辅音音素开头，因此不定冠词用a。故填a。
59.考查介词。句意：在秋天，颜色是最明亮的，蓝天和红枫是完美的图画。空格处用at表示颜色处于最明亮的状态。故填at。
60.考查副词。句意：秋天也是旅游旺季，尤其是在十一国庆期间。空格处用副词修饰“during the October National holidays”，particular是副词是particularly，意为“尤其”。故填particularly。
61.考查不定式。句意：而且，这是最经济的旅行时间。it is time to do是固定短语，意为“是做某事的时间”，因此空格处是to travel。故填to travel。
62.考查名词的复数。句意：春天的到来带来了新鲜的绿色植物和野花，瀑布和小溪正处于最佳状态——一个美丽的旅游时间，不像夏天和秋天的高峰期那么拥挤。夏天和秋天的高峰期不止一个月，因此空格处用复数months。故填months。
63.考查时态，语态和主谓一致。句意：《卧虎藏龙》中的一些场景就是在这个美丽的地方拍摄的。电影是被拍摄，句子描述过去的事情，因此空格处用一般过去时的被动语态，即was/were done，主语“some of the scenes”是复数，因此空格处是were filmed。故填were filmed。
64.考查连词。句意：穿上舒适的鞋子，最重要的是，在这座令人惊叹的中国山上享受环绕你的自然之美！“Wear comfortable shoes”和“enjoy the beauty of nature”是并列关系，因此用and连接。故填and。
65.考查时态和主谓一致。句意：穿上舒适的鞋子，最重要的是，在这座令人惊叹的中国山上享受环绕你的自然之美！空格处作that引导的定语从句中的谓语，句子描述客观事实，时态用一般现在时，that指代的是先行词beauty，是不可数名词，因此空格处用第三人称单数surrounds。故填surrounds。
Passage F
Over the past few days, a number of forest fires ____36____(break) out in Chongqing and its surrounding areas due to the extremely dry and hot weather. Many rescue personnel and volunteers participated in the rescue overnight,____37____moved a lot of people across the country. The mountain fires in several regions in Chongqing have been ____38____(eventual) put out on Friday morning. No casualties have been reported.
Chongqing motorcyclists are being praised ____39____heroes for volunteering to transport much-needed supplies to the fire and rescue workers ____40____(fight) the wildfires caused by prolonged heat and drought across multiple districts in the municipality(自治市).
Facing the tough situation, the city government called for volunteers with related skills and experience ____41____(join) the firefighting, ____42____a large number of motorcyclists have played an important role and won widespread praise. The team members, with ____43____average age of 29, took turns to use five dirt bikes and four scooters to carry materials and equipment to firefighters and to transport people and ____44____(necessary).
The example of a foreign teacher who volunteered to help fight the raging wildfires in Chongqing’s Beibei district with other local residents has touched many.
When all the people ____45____(unite), peace will reign across the country.
解析：本文是一篇说明文。主要讲述了重庆发生了多起森林火灾，许多救援人员和志愿者连夜参与救援的感人事迹。
36.考查谓语动词。句意：在过去的几天里，重庆发生了多起森林火灾。设空处在句中作谓语，根据时间状语over the past few years，可知句子的时态为现在完成时，主语为forest fires，结合主谓一致。故填have broken。
37.考查定语从句的引导词。句意：许多救援人员和志愿者连夜参与救援，感动了全国各地的很多人。设空处引导定语从句且在从句中作主语，先行词为“Many rescue personnel and volunteers participated in the rescue overnight（许多救援人员和志愿者连夜参与救援）”应用which。故填which。
38.考查副词。句意：重庆多个地区的山火最终于周五上午被扑灭。设空处后为动词，设空处应为副词修饰动词。故填eventually。
39.考查介词。句意：重庆的摩托车手们被誉为英雄，因为他们自愿为消防和救援人员运送急需的物资，以扑灭由长期炎热和干旱引起的重庆市多个地区的野火。固定短语be praised as被誉为，故填as。
40.考查非谓语动词。句意见上题解析。设空处在句中作非谓语，和句子的逻辑主语workers之间是逻辑的主动关系。故填fighting。
41.考查非谓语动词。句意：面对严峻的形势，市政府号召有相关技能和经验的志愿者加入到消防工作中来。call for sb to do sth“号召某人做某事”。故填to join。
42.考查连词。句意见上题解析。分析句子的成份可知，设空处后的“motorcyclists”和空前的“volunteers”并列，应用and。故填and。
43.考查冠词。句意：队员们的平均年龄为29岁，他们轮流使用5辆越野摩托车和4辆小型摩托车为消防员运送物资和设备，并运送人员和必需品。固定短语with an average of…平均为…，故填an。
44.考查名词。句意见上题解析。设空处和and前的people并列，设空处应用复数的形式作宾语。故填necessaries。
45.考查时态语态。句意：全国人民团结起来，天下太平。设空处在句中作非谓语，和句子的主语people之间为被动关系，叙述客观事实，应用一般现在时，结合主谓一致。故填are united。
Passage G
It is reported that a new subway station in Moscow with a number of Chinese design elements has already become another landmark for Sino-Russian friendship and____41____ (cooperate). In other words, China Railway Construction Corp has completed the construction of the Michurinsky Prospekt Station in the southwest of the Russian capital, and it had ____42____ (official) opened by the end of the year, 2021.The station and the other two on the southwestem section of the Moscow Metro stand on the____43____ (three) transfer line of the city's subway system. This route,known ____44____ the Great Ring Line, was also built by CRCC, and was the first European subway project ____45____ (design) by a Chinese company. To show respect for ____46____ friendship between China and Russia, Chinese-style designs have been adopted for the platform at the new station, including cloud-shaped lamps, red pillars and a suspended ceiling. Red is the dominant color of the platform design,____47____features plum blossom and the Eight Immortals-a group of well-known ____48____ (figure)in Chinese folklore and Taoism. Up to now the photos of the Chinese-style subway platform ____49____(appear) on social media platforms, and Russians are eager____50____(see)the new station for themselves.
解析：本文是一篇新闻报道，主要讲的是中国铁建公司已经完成了位于俄罗斯首都西南部的米库林斯基大道站的建设，并于2021年底正式开放。
41.考查名词。句意：据报道，莫斯科一座带有中国设计元素的新地铁站已经成为中俄友好合作的又一个里程碑。空格处用名词作宾语，根据语境可知，此处表示“新地铁站已经成为中俄友好合作的又一个里程碑”，空格处意为“合作”，名词是cooperation，是不可数名词，故填cooperation。
42.考查副词。句意：换句话说，中国铁建公司已经完成了位于俄罗斯首都西南部的米库林斯基大道站的建设，并于2021年底正式开放。空格处用副词修饰动词opened，official的副词是officially，意为“正式地”，故填officially。
43.考查序数词。句意：该站和另外两个位于莫斯科地铁西南段，位于莫斯科地铁系统的第三条换乘线上。the后跟序数词，three的序数词是third，故填third。
44.考查固定短语和介词。句意：这条被称为“大环路”的线路也是由中国铁建公司建造的，也是第一个由中国公司设计的欧洲地铁项目。根据语境可知，句子表示“这条被称为“大环路”的线路也是由中国铁建公司建造的”，be known as是固定短语，意为“被称为”，因此空格处是as，故填as。
45.考查过去分词。句意：这条被称为“大环路”的线路也是由中国铁建公司建造的，也是第一个由中国公司设计的欧洲地铁项目。and后的句子中was是谓语，空格处用非谓语动词形式，“European subway project ”和“design”之间是被动关系，用过去分词作定语，故填designed。
46.考查定冠词。句意：为了表达对中俄两国友谊的尊重，新车站的站台采用了中国风格的设计，包括云状的灯、红色的柱子和悬挂的天花板。空格处用定冠词the特指“中俄友谊”，故填the。
47.考查定语从句。句意：红色是平台设计的主色调，以梅花和八仙为特色，八仙是中国民间传说和道教中的一群著名人物。分析句子结构可知，第7空处引导非限制性定语从句，从句中缺少主语，先行词design是物，因此关系代词用which，that不能引导非限制性定语从句，故填which。
48.考查名词的复数。句意：红色是平台设计的主色调，以梅花和八仙为特色，八仙是中国民间传说和道教中的一群著名人物。空格前有a group of，空格处用复数figures，故填figures。
49.考查时态和主谓一致。句意：到目前为止，中国风格的地铁站台的照片已经出现在社交媒体平台上，俄罗斯人渴望亲眼看看这个新车站。由“Up to now”可知，句子时态用现在完成时，主语photos是复数，因此空格处是have appeared，故填have appeared。
50考查不定式和固定短语。句意：到目前为止，中国风格的地铁站台的照片已经出现在社交媒体平台上，俄罗斯人渴望亲眼看看这个新车站。be eager to do是固定短语，意为“渴望做某事”，因此空格处是不定式to see，故填to see。“解题达人”备战2023高考语法之名词考点
目录 内容
板块一 基础知识解析
板块二 单句语法填空
板块三 篇章语法填空
一：基础知识解析
1：考点归纳
名词是历年高考的重要考点，常常出现在完形填空、语法填空题型中。名词部分主要考查：
①名词的数(可数与不可数、单数与复数) ②名词和冠词的搭配
③抽象名词的具体化 ④名词的词性变化 ⑤名词的词义辨析
2：知识讲解
一般情况下 在词尾直接加-s mouth→mouths,house→houses
以-s,-x,-ch,-sh结尾的名词 在词尾加-es glass→glasses,match→matches
以辅音字母+-y结尾的名词 变y为i再加-es country→countries,factory→factories
以元音字母+-y结尾的名词 在词尾直接加-s holiday→holidays,monkey→monkeys
以o结尾的名词 一般在词尾加-s piano→pianos,photo→photos
有些在词尾加-es hero→heroes,potato→potatoes
以-f,-fe结尾的名词 一般要变f或fe为v加-es self→selves,wolf→wolves
少数直接加-s roof→roofs,belief→beliefs
单复数同形 deer, sheep, Chinese, means(方式,方法), series, species
词形变化 man→men, woman→women, child→children, tooth→teeth, foot→feet, mouse→mice
合成名词的复数 将主体名词变为复数:passer-by→passers-by, looker-on→lookers-on
无主体名词时通常在最后一个词后加-s:grown-up→grown-ups, stand-by→stand-bys
名词前有man或woman修饰 man/woman和中心词都要变为复数形式。如:woman doctor→women doctors,man teacher→men teachers。
抽象名词(不可数) 具体化(表达具体的概念时,是可数名词)
in surprise惊讶地 a surprise一件令人惊讶的事
achieve success获得成功 a success一个(件)成功的人(事)
win honour赢得荣誉 an honour一个(件)引起尊敬的人(事)
failure失败 a failure一个(件)失败的人(事)
with pleasure乐意 a pleasure一件乐事
主要用于表示有生命的人或物的所有关系。(1)一般是名词词尾加-'s。如:John's home约翰的家;(2)以-s或-es结尾的复数名词,只在词尾加-'。如:students' textbooks 学生们的课本;(3)词尾不带-(e)s的复数名词,仍加-'s。如:children's game 孩子们的游戏。
表示无生命的事物的名词通常用of所有格表示所有关系;名词短语或有定语修饰的有生命的名词也常用of所有格。如:the title of the article文章的标题;the name of the girl over there那边那位女孩的名字。
双重所有格的构成为:“名词+of+-'s所有格”或“名词+of+名词性物主代词”。表示“其中之一”或“其中一部分”,名词前可用a,any,some,a few,two,this,that,these,those 等修饰,但不能用the。如:a picture of my mother's我母亲(拥有)的一张照片;this little cat of your sister's你妹妹的这只小猫。
2：名词词缀
后缀 例词
－ion/
－tion/
－sion/
ation correct→correction改正 celebrate→celebration庆祝
attract→attraction吸引；有吸引力的人或事物
conclude→conclusion结论；结束 discuss→discussion讨论；论述
decide→decision决定 admit→admission承认；准许加入
permit→permission允许，许可 invite→invitation邀请
explain→explanation解释 graduate→graduation毕业
expect→expectation期望
－er/
－or sail→sailor海员，水手 drive→driver司机；驾驶员
gather→gatherer收集者，采集者 teach→teacher老师
announce→announcer广播员 conduct→conductor指挥；售票员
－ment punish→punishment惩罚 achieve→achievement成就
argue→argument辩论；论据 treat→treatment对待；治疗
equip →equipment装备；设备 govern→government政府
astonish→astonishment惊奇
－ance/
－ence appear→appearance出现；外貌 guide→guidance指引；指导
perform→performance表演；表现 exist→existence存在；生存
prefer→preference偏爱 refer→reference参考，查阅
－ure/
ture fail→failure失败；倒闭 press→pressure压力
depart→departure离开；出发 mix→mixture混合(物)
－ing hear→hearing听力，听觉 begin→beginning开始
build→building建筑
－y recover→recovery恢复 discover→discovery发现 scare→scarey害怕
2.形容词转化为名词的后缀
后缀 例词
－age short→shortage
－cy efficient→efficiency效率 fluent→fluency流利
accurate→accuracy准确性 private→privacy隐私
－dom free→freedom自由 wise→wisdom明智；智慧
－ence different→difference差异 silent→silence沉默 evident →evidence 证据
－ness weak→weakness虚弱；弱点
kind→kindness仁慈，友好 careless→carelessness粗心大意
－th strong→strength力气；优势 warm→warmth温暖；热情
－y/－ty/－ity safe→safety安全 disable→disability缺陷；伤残
responsible→responsibility责任 honest→honesty诚实
difficult→difficulty困难
识记小技巧：
①以－o结尾的下列名词要加－es：“黑人英雄爱吃土豆、西红柿”，即Negroes，heroes, potatoes，tomatoes。
②以－f或－fe结尾的名词需要把f或fe去掉，加－ves：“为了自己活命，小偷和他的妻子手里拿着刀子和树叶站在架子上，把狼劈成两半”，即selves，lives，thieves，wives，knives，leaves，shelves，wolves，halves。
二：单句语法填空
1.Filled with (curious), the artist packed his bags and left.
2.Historical (accurate) is important but so is entertainment. Museums must compete for people's spare time and money with other amusements.
3.This switch has decreased (pollute)in the country's major lakes and reservoirs and made drinking water safer for people.
4.Other American studies showed no (connect) between uniforms and school performance.
5.Few people I know seem to have much desire or time to cook. Making Chinese (dish) is seen as especially troublesome.
6.We Chinese all have an ________ (agree) to develop science and technology.
7.When the old man was hit by the car, all ______ (passer-by) just stood by but only Jack came to rescue.
8.We should encourage our students to have _________ (confident) in themselves.
9.I have to make a __________(complain) about the poor quality of food and service in your restaurant.
10.The old man who had a car accident last week made a full _________ (recover) from the operation in hospital.
11.Owning a lovable, cuddly pet can unquestionably make one’s home life better and apparently, it can affect pet _____________(owner) professional lives as well.
12.Even a thirty-minute run will provide ________(relieve) from aches or tension.
13.She was unable to give the police a __________(describe) of the attacker because she had no memory of what had happened to her.
14.The world needs all kinds of creatures --- without ________(vary), our planet cannot survive.
15.A furnished room or house is available to be rented together with all sorts of__ _ _(furnish) in it.
16.When a small amount of blood is taken out from a donor, the body will make quick _________(adjust) to it.
17. A ________ (student) college experience is his or her own, and the student must put his or her education first.
18.These years, girls start to show more interest in the __________(subject) of science, technology, engineering and maths(STEM) , according to a study from the UK.
19.And outstanding or gifted players will also have the chance to join inter-school teams for regional__________ (compete) and even national summer camps.
20.The __________(exhibit) displayed there hail (向……致敬) the ecological diversity of the area and also presents to the audience successful reformative accomplishments since1997.
21.In 1844 they bought it for $1,200 and some land from Charles Dresser, who performed their_________（marry）ceremony in 1842.
22.In 1984, the government issued new policies to encourage individuals to plant trees in contracted sand lands. Despite the _________ (oppose) of his family, Shi resigned from his leadership position at a state-owned farm and began his fight against desertification.
23. “I had to wait for the staff to write down my information, which caused much more ________ (convenience) than scanning codes.”
24.The Ministry of Culture and Tourism will continue to support Hainan in deepening reform and opening up, support Hainan’s aim to become an international tourism consumption center, and provide _________ (assistant) for the construction of Hainan Free Trade Port.
25.Researchers found that those with strong. close bonds with their friends at age fifteen were more likely to be healthy and happy later. Importantly, ______ ( popular), defined as lots of people liking you generally but not closely, wasn't found to have the same benefit as close friends.
26.Don't do this in an obvious way because this is annoying，but do it without his awareness of your ________ (intend)．
27．Experience showed that he was right.Good ____________ (friend) are just not easily formed.
28.The greatest is to expect too much too soon.Deep relationships take time.Another main difficulty is the ____________ (selfish) to think one “owns” the other，including his time and attention.
29.he started cooking pizzas for ________ (tourist)at Pacaya volcano in Guatemala.
30.Healthy living is about taking responsibility for your (decide) and choices for today and for the future.
三：篇章语法填空
Passage A
On June 18, Qiyun Mountain Customs Exhibition was displayed in the Water Cube in Beijing. This exhibition is 36 important part of “Search for Taoist Mountains (道教山)”, the 2nd customs exhibition of “Wild China & Beautiful Land”, 37 was sponsored by the China Landscape and Historic Sites Association. Wudang Mountain in Hubei Province, Qingcheng Mountain and Tais-han Mountain are also 38 display.
_ 39 (support) by the special space of the Water Cube and tourist gathering areas like passageways and the center stage, the brilliant Taoist culture is 40 (vivid) displayed in three dimensions. Tourists are led in 41 _(explore) of the Taoist mountains which 42 (witness) the Chinese civilization for five thousand years and they can appreciate the infinite charm of Qiyun Mountain.
Qiyun Mountain Customs Exhibition was co-hosted by Qiyun Mountain Management Committee and Sunriver. The 43 (form) of this exhibition were rich and colorful and the performance methods were fine and 44 _(comprehend). The period of Qiyun Mountain Customs Exhibition will continue until October this year. During the exhibition, some other displays 45 (focus) on the theme “Wild China & Beautiful Land” will be displayed in the Water Cube. Audience numbers will be over 10 million.
Passage B
The term “China-Chic” characterizes the rise of China’s native fashion trends. It has expanded the concept of “Made in China,” ____36____ is usually regarded as the assurance of the quality of products.
In recent years, “Made in China” has ____37____ (increasing) been recognized as the representation of Chinese culture ____38____ (offer) by homegrown Chinese brands, or simply “China -Chic.”
The initial ____39____(adopt) of the term “China -Chic” was similar to “Brit Style,” which represents a unique fashion trend mainly defined by the country’s differentiating cultural ____40____ (element).
Designers in the fashion industry were ____41____ first to feature traditional Chinese patterns and characters, garment textiles and crafting technique in ____42____ (they) newest collections. The eye-catching colors and styles created a visual feast that many have never seen before, quickly ____43____(turn) the collections into best sellers.
Under such influence, young people gradually ____44____ (shift) their attention from pop culture imported from Japan, Korea and the West and started to develop interest _____45_____ traditional Chinese art and literature, practicing Chinese calligraphy and musical instrument, such as Guzheng.
Passage C
Some students might hate the idea of homework because it is time consuming. Others might think that homework is unnecessary because all of the learning is done in the classroom. I disagree with both of these____41____(opinion)I think that homework is an important factor in a____42____ (student)education.
One reason is that it helps you understand____43____you have learned in class. When I was struggling with solving equations(方程式), I____44____ (give)homework. When I came back to school the next day, I was able to solve equations more____45____(easy). Duke University did a study and it shows homework helps most students. The study also shows that homework is ____46____(use) because it helps the teachers know what their students are struggling with.
Another reason is that doing homework____47____(help)students get better grades in tests and exams. Oxford University found out that high school students who do about two hours of homework are more likely ____48____(do)better at school.
The last reason why homework is important is that it prepares students ____49____ the real world. Homework is teaching me how to get information through repetition. Homework is teaching me punctuality(守时)by having a due date. The University of Illinois says that students_____50_____do homework usually have better study habits.
Passage D
Shaanxi kuaiban is a____41____ (tradition) Chinese form of storytelling in the Shaanxi local language to the strong regular repeated sound of bamboo clappers. On June 10, 2021, the Ministry of Culture and Tourism ____42____ (recognize) a new group of 325 national intangible (非物质的) cultural heritage items in Beijing, increasing the list established in 2006 to 1,557 items. Shaanxi kuaiban, ____43____ can date back to the late Qing Dynasty (1644 — 1911), has been included. It can ____44____ (perform) by a group or alone. With one or two pairs of kuaiban of different sizes in hand, the performers speak in the local language while____45____ (tell) stories, which are usually about sufferers or heroes.
Shaanxi kuaiban is ____46____ popular that there are many professional artists and performers in China. According to its performers, the art was originally used by farmers ____47____ (share) their knowledge and earn money. ____48____ time going by, more and more people perform Shaanxi kuaiban in different particular events — for example, at festival celebrations, ____49____(party) and art shows. Supported by the government, it has been one of the _____50_____ (good) art forms in Shaanxi and has been introduced to local schools as part of their art education.
Passage E
Huangshan, ____56____ (locate) in the south of Anhui province, is a must-see sight for Chinese people. Just like all popular tourist attractions in China, it is very crowded during peak seasons and national holidays, during ____57____ time reservations are a must. Each season offers ____58____ unique aspect of this beautiful mountain.
Summer is one of the peak seasons, when the mountain is green and refreshing and temperatures are cool and comfortable. In the fall, the colors are ____59____ their brightest, and blue skies and red maples are picture-perfect. Autumn is also a peak season, ____60____ (particular) during the October National holidays. Winter is one of the prettiest seasons and the best time to appreciate the icy peaks surrounded by the sea of clouds. Also, this is the most economical time ____61____ (travel). The promise of spring brings fresh greens and wild flowers, and waterfalls and streams are at their best—a beautiful time to visit and not as crowded as in the peak ____62____ (month) of summer and autumn.
It was in this beautiful place that some of the scenes from Crouching Tiger, Hidden Dragon ____63____( film). Wear comfortable shoes, ____64____most of all, enjoy the beauty of nature that ____65____ (surround) you in this amazing Chinese mountain!
Passage F
Over the past few days, a number of forest fires ____36____(break) out in Chongqing and its surrounding areas due to the extremely dry and hot weather. Many rescue personnel and volunteers participated in the rescue overnight,____37____moved a lot of people across the country. The mountain fires in several regions in Chongqing have been ____38____(eventual) put out on Friday morning. No casualties have been reported.
Chongqing motorcyclists are being praised ____39____heroes for volunteering to transport much-needed supplies to the fire and rescue workers ____40____(fight) the wildfires caused by prolonged heat and drought across multiple districts in the municipality(自治市).
Facing the tough situation, the city government called for volunteers with related skills and experience ____41____(join) the firefighting, ____42____a large number of motorcyclists have played an important role and won widespread praise. The team members, with ____43____average age of 29, took turns to use five dirt bikes and four scooters to carry materials and equipment to firefighters and to transport people and ____44____(necessary).
The example of a foreign teacher who volunteered to help fight the raging wildfires in Chongqing’s Beibei district with other local residents has touched many.
When all the people ____45____(unite), peace will reign across the country.
Passage G
It is reported that a new subway station in Moscow with a number of Chinese design elements has already become another landmark for Sino-Russian friendship and____41____ (cooperate). In other words, China Railway Construction Corp has completed the construction of the Michurinsky Prospekt Station in the southwest of the Russian capital, and it had ____42____ (official) opened by the end of the year, 2021.The station and the other two on the southwestem section of the Moscow Metro stand on the____43____ (three) transfer line of the city's subway system. This route,known ____44____ the Great Ring Line, was also built by CRCC, and was the first European subway project ____45____ (design) by a Chinese company. To show respect for ____46____ friendship between China and Russia, Chinese-style designs have been adopted for the platform at the new station, including cloud-shaped lamps, red pillars and a suspended ceiling. Red is the dominant color of the platform design,____47____features plum blossom and the Eight Immortals-a group of well-known ____48____ (figure)in Chinese folklore and Taoism. Up to now the photos of the Chinese-style subway platform ____49____(appear) on social media platforms, and Russians are eager____50____(see)the new station for themselves.
