(共28张PPT)
人教新目标版 九年级全册
Unit 7 Teenagers should be allowed to choose their own clothes.
Section A Grammar Focus-4c
Learning objectives
Knowledge objectives:
1. 熟练掌握以下词汇和短语
community, keep…away from, chance, make one’s own decision, educate, manage, society
2. 熟练掌握以下句型
1. In many Western countries, teenagers is allowed to move out at eighteen.
2. Do you think teenagers should be kept away from the Internet
Skill objectives:
1. 能掌握本课时出现的新词汇，复习与巩固一般现在时及一般过去时的被动语态。
2. 能够掌握“情态动词的被动语态”的用法和形式，以及如何把主动语态变成被动语态。
3. 通过4a和4b练习，进一步巩固知识。
Emotional objectives:
通过学习被动语态，认识到中英语言上的相似性和差异性。
Thinking quality objectives:
通过语法结构的学习, 思考如何运用语法结构帮助我们提高英语的听、说、读、写的能力。
New words
community[k mju n ti]
keep…away from
chance[t ɑ ns]
make one’s own decision
educate[ ed uke t]
manage[ m n d ]
talk back
society[s sa ti]
n.社区;社团
避免接近;远离
n.机会;可能性
自己做决定
v.教育;教导
v.完成(困难的事);应付(困难局面)
回嘴;顶嘴
n.社会
Read the words quickly and say their Chinese meanings to see who is fast and accurate(准确).
Review
主动语态（ the active voice ）
被动语态（the passive voice）
英语动词有两种语态
当主语是动作的执行者，则谓语动词使用主动语态。
如：we plant the trees.
主谓关系
当主语为动作的承受者时，则谓语动词要用被动语态。
如：The trees are planted by us.
动宾关系
注意:后面能接宾语的动词(及物动词)才有被动语态，反之没有。
1、被动语态的含义。
2、被动语态的结构。
主语
be
过去分词
(by+主动的主语)
be负责时态变化，相当于助动词。
过去分词体现被动，过去分词恒定不变，不随时态变化而变化。
如：These flowers are planted (by Jim).
These flowers were planted (by Jim).
3、一般现在时的被动语态
肯定句：主语+be(is/am/are)+过去分词+(by……).
否定句：主语+be(is/am/are)+not+过去分词+(by……).
一般疑问句：Be(is/am/are)+主语+过去分词+(by……)？
特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词+一般疑问句？
如：这辆汽车是中国制造的。The car ________ in China.
这辆车不是中国制造的。The car ________ in China.
这辆车是中国制造的吗？ _____ the car _____ in China
这辆车什么时候在中国被制造的？When _____ the car _____ in China
is made
isn’t made
is made
Is made
4、一般过去时的被动语态
肯定句：主语+be(was/were)+过去分词+(by……).
否定句：主语+be(was/were)+not+过去分词+(by……).
一般疑问句：Be(was/were)+主语+过去分词+(by……)？
特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词+一般疑问句？
如：这房子是1967年建的。The house ________ in 1967.
这房子不是1967年建的。The house ___________ in 1967.
房子是1967年建的吗？ ______ the house ______ in 1967
这房子是什么时候建的？When ______ the house ______？
was built
wasn't built
Was built
was built
5、主动语态变为被动语态的方法
第一步:将主动语态的宾语改为被动语态的主语；
第二步:将主动语态的谓语改为“be+及物动词的过去分词”结构；
第三步:将主动语态的主语改为介词by的宾语，放在谓语之后(有时可省略)。
第四步:其它的成分（定语、状语）不变。
如：
People grow tea in Hangzhou.
主动语态:主语People是动作grow 的执行者。
被动语态:主语Tea是动作grow 的承受着。
主(执行者)
谓
宾(承受者)
主(承受者)
谓
Tea
is grown
(by people)
in Hangzhou.
Let’s enjoy a song.
There’s nothing you can do that can’t be done.
Nothing you can sing that can’t be sung.
Nothing you can say but you can learn how to play the game.
It’s easy.
被动语态的结构:
主语
be
过去分词
(by+主动的主语)
情态动词被动语态的结构:
主语
be
过去分词
(by+主动的主语)
must (can, may, would...)
Grammar focus
Translate these sentences and let’s read.
Grammar Focus
I don’t think sixteen-year-olds should be allowed to drive. I agree. They aren’t serious enough.
Do you think teenagers should be encouraged to make their own decisions No, I don’t agree with this. Teenagers are too young to make their own decisions.
Teenagers should not be allowed to have part-time jobs. I disagree. They can learn a lot from
working.
Do you think we may be allowed to take some photos if we don’t use a flash If you don’t use a flash, then it may be OK.
我认为16岁的孩子不应该被允许开车。
我同意。他们不够认真。
你认为青少年应该被鼓励自己做决定吗？
不，我不同意。青少年年龄太小，无法做出自己的决定。
青少年不应改被允许从事兼职工作
我不同意。他们可以从工作中学到很多东西。
你认为如果我们不使用闪光灯，我们可能会被允许拍照吗？
如果你不使用闪光灯，那可能没问题。
Grammar focus
Grammar Focus
I don’t think sixteen-year-olds should be allowed to drive. I agree. They aren’t serious enough.
Do you think teenagers should be encouraged to make their own decisions No, I don’t agree with this. Teenagers are too young to make their own decisions.
Teenagers should not be allowed to have part-time jobs. I disagree. They can learn a lot from
working.
Do you think we may be allowed to take some photos if we don’t use a flash If you don’t use a flash, then it may be OK.
Read the following sentences and find out the Passive Voice.
6、被动语态的时态（9种）。
被动语态的时态
be体现时态变化
一般现在时
一般过去时
一般将来时
现在进行时
现在完成时
过去将来时
过去进行时
过去完成时
情态动词
be
be
be
be
be
be
be
be
be
is/am/are
was/were
is/am/are being
will/shall be
have/has been
was/were being
would/should be
had been
can/may/must be
done不变
done
done
done
done
done
done
done
done
done
以动词write举例
is/am/are+written
was/were+written
is/am/are being+written
will/shall be+written
have/has been+written
was/were being+written
would/should+be+written
had been+written
can/may/must be+written
主语+be动词+过去分词+(by…)
7、含有情态动词的被动语态
肯定句：主语+情态动词+be+过去分词+(by……).
否定句：主语+情态动词+not+be+过去分词+(by……).
一般疑问句：情态动词+主语+be+过去分词+(by……)？
特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词+一般疑问句？
can, could (能；会), may; might (可以) must(必须), should(应该), will; would(愿意) have to(必须；不得不), had better(最好)
常用的情态动词有：
常用结构：
(1)肯定句结构为：主语+should be+及物动词的过去分词+ (by+宾语)。
如：学生应该被允许穿耳洞。
Students should be allowed to get ears pierced.
(2)否定结构为：主语+ should + not+ be +及物动词的过去分词+ (by+宾语)。
如：不应该允许青少年晚上外出。
Teenagers should not be allowed to go out at night.
以should举例：
(3)一般疑问句结构为:Should +主语+ be+及物动词的过去分词+ (by+宾语)？
如：这些小树应该每天浇水吗？
Should these young trees be watered every day
Yes, they should. /No, they shouldn’t.
对，应该。/不，不应该
(4)特殊疑问句结构为:疑问词+一般疑问句？
如：应该允许学生们做什么？
What should students be allowed to do
回答:Yes，主语+should./No，主语 + shouldn’t.
主动句变被动句的步骤与其它情况相同
We should allow teenagers to watch TV on Sunday.
Teenagers should be allowed to watch TV on Sunday( by us).
People may catch fish in the river.
Fish may be caught in the river (by people).
（1）把主动句的宾语变为被动句的主语；
（2）主动句中的谓语变为“情态动词 + be + 及物动词的过去分词”；
（3）主动句的主语在被动句中变为by的宾语；
（4）其他成分不变。
1.I can finish the work.
The work can be finished by me.
一般问句：
Can the work be finished by you
2.We should plant many more trees.
Many more trees should be planted by us.
一般问句：
Should many more trees be planted by us
一、将下列句子改为被动语态
Exercise
Teenagers should be allowed to drive the car .
3.Parents should allow teenagers to drive the car.
一般问句：
Should teenagers be allowed to drive the car
Trees must be watered every day.
4.They must water trees every day.
一般问句：
Must trees be watered every day
二、按要求完成句子，每空一词。
1. These glass cups and bowls must be put in a safe place.(改为主动语态)
We ______ ______ these glass cups and bowls in a safe place.
2. Mr. Smith can translate this novel into English.
(改为被动语态)
This novel ____ ___ _________ into English by Mr. Smith.
3. The question should be discussed again.(改为否定句)
The question ________ ____ discussed again.
4. The happy life could be created by hard work.(改一般疑问句，并肯定回答)
— ______ the happy life ______ ______ by hard work
— ____, it ______.
must
put
can
be
translated
shouldn’t
be
Could
be
created
Yes
can
4a
Rewrite the sentences according to the example.
You must clean your bedroom every day.
Your bedroom __________________________________________.
I will do the housework in the afternoon.
The housework will _______________________________________.
3. Parents will encourage their children to do social work for their community.
Children ________________________________________________.
must be cleaned every day
should be encouraged (by their parents) to do social work for their community
be done in the afternoon
4. Do you think we must keep teenagers away from the Internet
Do you think teenagers ____________________________________
5. Parents should give teenagers chances to make their own decisions.
Teenagers ________________________________________________.
must be kept away from the Internet
should be given chances to make their own decisions
keep sb./ sth. away from“使某人/某物远离……”；
keep away from“远离......”。
chance n. 机会；可能性
4b
Fill in the blanks with the correct forms of the words in brackets.
Should teenagers __________ (ask) to move out when they start working In many
Western countries, teenagers _____________ (allow) to move out at eighteen. Their parents believe that they should be educated to take care of themselves from a young age. This way, when they _________ (start) working they can manage their own lives. However, in most Asian societies, it is not common for teenagers to ________ (move) out. Chinese parents believe that it is better for children to live with parents who can _________ (take) care of them. But the young should then look after their parents
as they get older. That is why many Chinese adults ______________ (continue) to live
with their parents.
be asked
are allowed
start
take
continue
manage v. 完成（困难的事）；应付 （困难局面）
move
4c
You and your friend are starting an English club. Make a list of rules about what should and should not be allowed.
A: Members should be allowed to
use dictionaries.
B: Yes, but they should only use
English-English dictionaries.
Language points
1. Parents should give teenagers chances to make their own decisions.（教材P51 3a）
chance 作可数名词，意为“机会”，表示“做某事的机会”，其后可接 to do sth.或 of doing sth.。give sb. a chance to do sth. 意为“给某人做某事的机会”。have a chance to do sth. “有机会做某事”
如：这是一个学习英语的好机会。
It is a good chance to study (of studying) English.
我将有许多机会与她交谈。
There will be many chances for me to talk to her
老师应当给学生展示他们自己的机会。
Teachers should give students chances to show themselves.
我有机会去美国。
I have a chance to go to America.
Homework
1. Do the exercises in students’ book.
2. Review the grammar.
3. Preview the new words on page 53.
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