2023届高考英语复习宾语从句讲解课件（25张PPT）

(共25张PPT)
Object Clauses
宾语从句
一、宾语从句的概念
宾语从句的语序
宾语从句的时态
宾语从句的连接词
学习目标
二、宾语从句的三要素
We know him．
We know he likes English.
主s
主s
谓v
谓v
宾o
宾o
宾语从句就是由一个句子来构成主句的宾语
主s
谓v
宾o
简单句
复合句
试比较
什么是宾语从句
句子结构：主句 + 引导词（连词）+ 宾语从句
宾语从句是主从复合句的一种。主从复合句是由一个主句和一个或一个以上的从句构成的。主句是复合句的主体，从句仅仅是主句的一个成分，它从属于主句，不能独立。从句在全句中充当什么成分，就叫什么从句。宾语从句当中的从句在全句中作宾语。
宾语从句的语序
句子的两种语序:
1.陈述句结构叫陈述语序
2 疑问句结构叫疑问语序
宾语从句必须用 ________
陈述语序
There is a hotel near here.
Is there a hotel near here
练习：将下列句子改成陈述句语序：
1.Is there a bank near here
2.Is it on Fifth Avenue
3.Are they doing homework
There is a bank near here
It is on Fifth Avenue
They are doing homework
4.Does she work in a hospital
5.Did you go to Center Park
6.Do we have to wear a uniform
She works in a hospital.
You went to Center Park .
we have to wear a uniform.
we can wear hats in school.
7.Can we wear hats in school
8.Where’s your pen pal from
9. Where does he live
10.What language does she speak
11.Why do you like pandas
Where your pen pal is from
Where he lives
What language she speaks
Why you like pandas
1.be动词、情态动词及助动词(包have/has)放到从句主语之后;
2.助动词do /does/ did 应删去, 谓语动词根据实际情况而变。
引导词 （宾语从句的语序用陈述语序）
结构:主句+引导词(that) +主语+谓语+其他
基本不变
He said, “Lucy is younger than Tom”.
He said (that) Lucy was younger than Tom.
He says (that) Tom is a good student.
He says, “ Tom is a good student.”
1. 当宾语从句是陈述句时（包括肯定句/否定句）
2. 当宾语从句是一般疑问句时，
1. She asked, “ Do they often come here early ”
2. “Will they go to visit the Great Wall ” he asked.
She asked if/whether they often came here early.
He asked if/whether they would go to visit the Great Wall.
由连词whether 或if引导（口语中常用if），译为
“是否”，不能省略。
结构:主句+引导词if(whether) +主语+谓语+其他
一般情况下，if 和whether可以互换，
但注意：只能用whether不用if 的4种情况：
1. 与or not连用：
He asked me whether or not I was coming.
2. 在介词之后：
It depends on whether it is going to rain.
3. 在不定式之前：
We haven’t decided whether to go there.
4.作主语只能用whether
Whether he will come is not decided.
1. I don’t know ___________ I’ll be free tomorrow.
2. I don’t know __________ or not I’ll be free tomorrow.
whether/if
whether
用if 或whether 填空
3.特殊疑问句——还原为陈述语序
结构:主句+引导词（特殊疑问句）+主语+谓语+其他
1. Who is Jim waiting for
I know
2.Where did Anna go yesterday
I know
Jim is waiting for.
Anna went the day before.
who
where
引导词
that（陈述句 ）
if／whether（一般疑问句 ）
特殊疑问词（特殊疑问句)
语序
宾语从句的语序
都为陈述句语序
Summary
1. 当陈述句作宾语从句时,
结构:主句+that + 主语 +谓语部分
2. 当一般疑问句作宾语从句时,
结构:主句+ if(whether) +主语 +谓语部分
3.当 特殊疑问句作宾语从句时,
结构:主句+特殊疑问词+主语 +谓语部分
1. Tom said. He is reading a book.
→
2. He asks me. Are they playing a game
→
3. Where is the hospital He told me.
→
4.Who bought the pen He wondered.
→
Tom said that he was reading a book.
He asks me if/whether they are playing a game.
He told me Where the Hospital was.
He wondered who bought the pen.
Exercise
二.宾语从句的时态
(主句的谓语用一般现在时：从句谓语时态不变
主句谓语用过去时：从句谓语变为与过去相关的对应时态)
We believe that our team will win.
He asked whose spacesuit it was.
He asked if I was doing my homework when he called me.
从句的时态必须和主句保持一致。
主句时态 从句时态
一般现在时、一般将来时、祈使句时 根据句意的需要用任意一种时态
一般过去时 与原句相对应的过去的时态
客观事实、真理、自然现象、名言警句、谚语等 一律用一般现在时
2).that在宾语从句中的省略与保留
a.在主+谓+it(形式宾语)+宾补+that从句(真正宾语) 的句型中不省略.
eg: We must make it clear that we mean what we say.
b.由连词and连接的两个由that引导的宾语从句中,第二个that 不省略.
eg: He told me（ that） he would come and that he would come on time.
Practise:1.由连接词that引导的宾语从句
1.I hear (that) _______________________.
（一小时后他会回来）
2.He said (that) ______________________.
（他非常想念我们）
3.The teacher told us (that) ___________________________.
（地球围着太阳转）
he will be back in an hour
he missed us very much
the earth moves around the sun
Practise:2.由连接代词what, whom, whose, which, what及接副词 when, where, how, why引导的宾语从句
1. He asked __________________________. (谁能回答这个问题）
2. Do you know_________________________. （他们在等谁）
3. He asked __________________________________.
（谁的书法是班上最好的）
4. Do you know _______________.
（地球和月亮，哪一个比较小）
5. Please tell me _______________________. （我们什么时候开会）
6. Can you tell me _______________. （他在哪儿）
7. Could you tell me ______________________. （我该怎么去车站）
8. Would you tell me _________________（为什么火车迟到了）
whom they are waiting for
which is smaller, the earth or the moon
whose handwriting was the best in the class
when we’ll have a meeting
why the train is late
where he is
how I can get to the station
who could answer the question
Practise:3.由从属连词whether, if 引导的宾语从句
1. I want to know _______________________________.
（他是否跟我们一起去公园）
2. Ask him _____________________. （他是否能来）
3. I don’t know ___________________________.（是否要下雨）
if (whether) he will go to the park with us
whether (if) he can come
whether it is going to rain or not
Exercise
1.He says___________________________________.
(他说他爸爸三天后回来)
2.Our teacher asks ________________________.
(昨天谁打碎了玻璃)
3.Please tell me_________________________.(他们正在谈论什么)
that his father will be back in three days
who broke the window yesterday
what they are talking about
高考考点：
连接词选择的三个步骤：
1）由空前词判定从句类型；
2）找出从句所缺成分；
3) 结合每个连词本身功能最后确定选择对象。
Filling the chart, using whose,whom ,who, that, how, what , whether
.
2. Do you know they are waiting for
3. He asked dictionary it was.
4. Please pay attention to the teacher said.
6. They are worrying about they can get there in time or not.
I think he will be all right in a few days.
5.I think he will be all right in a few days.
that
who
whose
whether
that
what
高考链接
3.Experts believe people can waste less food by shopping only when it is necessary.
1. Mother should not give children they want.
2.We should think carefully about Mr. Need-ham said at the meeting.
4.We’ve offered her the job, but I don’t know she’ll accept it.
whatever
what
that
whether
Thank you for your listening!