人教版（2019）必修第一册Unit 1 Teenage Life单元语法知识总结与测评（含答案）
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| 名称 | 人教版（2019）必修第一册Unit 1 Teenage Life单元语法知识总结与测评（含答案） |  | |
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| 科目 | 英语 | ||
| 更新时间 | 2022-11-12 12:11:28 | ||
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Unit 1 Teenage Life语法知识总结与测评
初步了解名词短语，形容词短语和副词短语
短语或词组是具有一定意义但不构成句子或从句的一组词, 在句子里可以单独构成一种句子成分。
一、名词短语（NP）（Noun Phrase）
指以一个名词为中心构成的短语,在句中的功能相当于名词。名词短语通常是由名词及其修饰语构成。
（一）名词短语的组成
1.前置定语+名词 作前置定语的主要有：
限定词、名词所有格、数词、形容词、名词、单个的分词或动名词等。
限定词包括：
冠词 (a/an/the )
指示代(this/that/these/those)
物主代(my/your/his/her/their)
不定代(some/no/neither/both) The online shop sells children’s and men’s shoes at a very low price.
网店以低廉的价格销售儿童和男士的鞋子。
Our school has fifty-six women teachers.
我们学校有56个女教师。
The sleeping child is his son.
正在睡觉的孩子是他的儿子.
The fallen leaves are like a thick blanket on the ground.
落叶像一层厚厚的毯子盖在地上。
2.名词+
后置定语 作后置定语的主要有：
介词短语、分词、不定式等。 If you don’t know the way to the science museum, here is a map of the city.
如果你不知道去科技博物馆的路，这是城市地图。
There are some boys playing basketball over there.
有一些男孩正在那边打篮球。
The problem discussed yesterday has been solved.
昨天讨论的问题被解决了。
（二）名词短语的功能
名词短语在句中当作名词用，一般用作主语、宾语、表语或宾语补足语。
1.作主语 The houses built last year are for the teachers.去年建成的那些房子是为老师们建的。
2.作宾语 Jack’s mother can’t go to the parents’ meeting because she is too busy. 杰克的妈妈不能参加家长会，因为她太忙了。
3.作表语 He was the best man to do the job. 他是做这个工作最好的人选。
This is the method of cooking the tasty cookie.这是做这种美味甜饼的方法。
4.作宾补 We made Tom our group leader. 我们选汤姆当我们的组长。
More and more foreigners consider Beijing Opera an important part of Chinese culture. 越来越多的外国人认为京剧是中国文化的一个重要组成部分。
二．形容词短语（AdjP）（Adjective Phrase）
指以一个形容词为中心构成的短语，在句中的功能相当于形容词。形容词短语通常是由形容词及其修饰语构成。
（一）形容词短语的组成
1.副词+形容词
注意：enough修饰形容词，放在所修饰的形容词之后。
The little boy is very /quite/ really clever. 这个小男孩很/真的聪明。
I’m terribly sorry. 我非常抱歉。
Tom is much more friendly. 汤姆更友好。
This coat was much too expensive.这件大衣太贵了。
This movie wasn’t interesting enough. 这部电影不足够有趣。
You can’t be careful enough. 你怎么小心也不为过。
2. 形容词+介词短语 His face was white with anger. 他的脸气得发白。
The bottle is full of water. 瓶子里装满了水。
3. 形容词+不定式短语 He is sure to come. 他一定会来的。
He is eager to see his parents. 他急切地想见到父母。
（二）形容词短语的功能
形容词短语在句中当作形容词用，一般可用作定语（修饰名词或代词）、表语、宾语补足语或状语。
1. 作定语 My little sister is a very curious girl and she always asks me strange questions.
我的小妹妹是一个好奇心强的女孩，她总是问我奇怪的问题。
Tom is a student always ready to help others. 汤姆是个学生，总是乐于助人。
2. 作表语 Robot is so busy that he even has no time to stay with his children at weekends.
罗伯特如此忙,以至于周末他没有时间和孩子待在一起。
He can't do anything, he's completely good for nothing!他什么都干不了，一点也没用。
3. 作宾补 Helping others makes us very proud. 帮助别人使我们非常自豪。
I find the book easy to understand.我发现这本书很好懂。
4. 作状语 After the long journey, the three of them went back home, hungry and tired.
长途旅行后他们三人回家了，又累又饿。
Curious enough，Danny opened the box to see what was in it. 出于好奇，丹尼打开了那只盒子，想看看里面是什么。
三．副词短语（AdvP）（Adverbial Phrase）
指以一个副词为中心构成的短语,在句中的功能相当于副词。副词短语通常是由副词及其修饰语构成。
（一）副词短语的组成
副词+副词
注意：very ,quite, extremely等程度副词修饰副词时，放在所修饰的副词之前；enough修饰副词时，放在所修饰的副词之后。 He runs very quickly.他跑的很快。
You are speaking too fast. Can you speak a little more slowly 你说得太快了，你能说慢一点儿吗？
You speak clearly enough. I can follow you. 你讲得足够清楚，我能听懂。
（二）副词短语的功能
1.修饰动词 He speaks English quite fluently. 他英语说得很流利。
2.修饰形容词 The instructions on the box are really very confusing.盒子上的使用说明令人费解。
3.修饰副词 The fire spread far too fast.大火蔓延得太快了。
4.修饰句子 Luckily enough, we won the first prize for the competition. 足够幸运的是，我们获得了比赛的第一名。
总之，短语是英语中较大的词块,灵活地掌握词块,对丰富学生的词汇量,提高学生的阅读和写作水平会起到事半功倍的作用。
（一）画出并标记句子中名词短语，形容词短语和副词短语
1. The first week was a little confusing.
2. The building is so big that I'm completely lost.
3. The kids over there are putting something on a round paper plate.
4. Linda thinks and speaks quite quickly , and she can do well in the debate.
5. The new coach told me that I didn't play well enough.
6. My first French class was very confusing. The teacher spoke so fast!
（二）用括号里的短语回答问题。
1. How soon do you think you'll finish your homework (pretty soon)
2. What do you think of your new teachers (very nice and patient)
3. How many clubs have you joined this year (two clubs)
4. How well does Rita play the violin We need a new violinist in our music club. (quite well)
5.What did your adviser say about the advanced literature course (too difficult but very interesting)
（三）Joyce写好了一个草稿，用名词短语、形容词短语、副词短语帮助她润色这篇文章，增添更多信息。
Cheerleader Try-outs
I've always wanted to be a cheerleader. Yesterday, I tried out for the team. It was hard. First, we had to dance. The teacher showed us how to move, and then we tried. Second, we practiced singing a song about the school basketball team. Finally, some girls had to lift their partners. The other girls jumped and cheered. I think I did well, but the other girls were better, I'm not sure if I'll make the team or not.
I've always wanted to be a high school cheerleader. Yesterday, I tried out for my school's cheerleading team. It was really hard. First,...
二、了解多个形容词作定语
多个形容词修饰名词时，其排序规律是：(限定词+程度副词+) 描绘性形容词+表示大小(长短、高低)、形状、年龄(新旧)的形容词+表颜色的形容词+表国籍或产地的形容词+表物质材料的形容词+表类别或用途的形容词+名词。如：a beautiful big round new black Russian wooden table
(1) John Smith, a successful businessman, has a _____car.
A. large German white B. large white German C. white large German D. German large white
(2) ______ students are required to take part in the boat race.
A. Ten strong young Chinese B. Ten Chinese strong young
C. Chinese ten young strong D. Young strong ten Chinese
三、 巩固提升
1、画出下例句中的名词短语并指明构成形式
（1）.The cute boy in blue jeans is my brother.
____________________________________________________________________________________
（2）.The cute boy wearing blue jeans is my bother
____________________________________________________________________________________
（3）.The first young man is a bus driver.
2、画出下例句中的形容词短语并指明构成形式
(1).Our country is becoming more and more beautiful.
____________________________________________________________________________________
(2).The road is long enough. (3).The medicine is good for stomach.
____________________________________________________________________________________
3、画出下例句中的副词短语
(1).You are driving too fast. Could you drive less slowly
(2).Strangely enough, she didn’t seem to like ballet very much.
(3).The horse ran quite slowly, so they arrived very late.
4.将下列短语按照类型进行归类：
a really big challenge a little confusing very carefully
the school advisor a very difficult language quite difficult
much more carefully far too fast all the subjects
a senior high school student my advanced course strong enough
名词短语：_____________________________________________________________________________
形容词短语：___________________________________________________________________________
副词短语：_____________________________________________________________________________
【答案】
(一)
1. The first week was a little confusing.
2. The building is so big that I'm completely lost.
3. The kids over there are putting something on a round paper plate.
4. Linda thinks and speaks quite quickly , and she can do well in the debate.
5. The new coach told me that I didn't play well enough.
6. My first French class was very confusing. The teacher spoke so fast!
（二）1.I'll finish my homework pretty soon. 2. My new teachers are very nice and patient.
3. I have joined two clubs. 4. She plays the violin quite well.
5. The advanced literature course is too difficult but very interesting.
（三） I' ve always wanted to be a high school cheerleader. Yesterday, I tried out for my school's cheerleading team. It was really hard. First, we had to dance to the strong beat of music. The dance teacher showed us how to move very energetically, and we tried very hard. Second, we practice singing an inspiring song about the school basketball team. Finally, some girls had to lift their partners. The other girls jumped and cheered very happily. I think I did quite well, but the other girls were even better. I'm not quite sure if I'll make the cheerleanding team or not.
二、 1、B 解析： 按“大小+颜色+产地”的顺序排列。
2、A 解析：数词是限定词，应排在形容词前，排除C和D；又strong是描绘，young是年龄，Chinese是国籍，其先后应为“描绘＋年龄＋国籍”。
三、1.The cute boy in blue jeans is my brother.
构成形式：限定词+形容词+名词+介词短语；限定词+名词
The cute boy wearing blue jeans is my bother
构成形式：限定词+形容词+名词+ving短语；限定词+名词
The first young man is a bus driver.
构成形式：限定词+序数词+形容词+名词；限定词+名词+名词
2.Our country is becoming more and more beautiful. 构成形式：副词+and+副词+名词
The road is long enough. 构成形式：副词+enough
The medicine is good for stomach.构成形式：形容词+介词短语
3.(1).You are driving too fast. Could you drive less slowly
(2).Strangely enough, she didn’t seem to like ballet very much.
(3).The horse ran quite slowly, so they arrived very late.
4.名词短语：a really big challenge; the school advisor; a very difficult language; all the subjects; a senior high school student; my advanced course
形容词短语：a little confusing; quite difficult; strong enough
副词短语： very carefully; far too fast; much more carefully
3、（1）Many senior high freshmen will take part in their favorite clubs.
（2）Amy jumped as high as she could.
（3）Most of young boys like playing football, a popular sports game among teenagers.
（4）I always carefully read my favorite book alone.
（5）Adam often asks his experienced Chinese teacher some challenging questions about literature
初步了解名词短语，形容词短语和副词短语
短语或词组是具有一定意义但不构成句子或从句的一组词, 在句子里可以单独构成一种句子成分。
一、名词短语（NP）（Noun Phrase）
指以一个名词为中心构成的短语,在句中的功能相当于名词。名词短语通常是由名词及其修饰语构成。
（一）名词短语的组成
1.前置定语+名词 作前置定语的主要有：
限定词、名词所有格、数词、形容词、名词、单个的分词或动名词等。
限定词包括：
冠词 (a/an/the )
指示代(this/that/these/those)
物主代(my/your/his/her/their)
不定代(some/no/neither/both) The online shop sells children’s and men’s shoes at a very low price.
网店以低廉的价格销售儿童和男士的鞋子。
Our school has fifty-six women teachers.
我们学校有56个女教师。
The sleeping child is his son.
正在睡觉的孩子是他的儿子.
The fallen leaves are like a thick blanket on the ground.
落叶像一层厚厚的毯子盖在地上。
2.名词+
后置定语 作后置定语的主要有：
介词短语、分词、不定式等。 If you don’t know the way to the science museum, here is a map of the city.
如果你不知道去科技博物馆的路，这是城市地图。
There are some boys playing basketball over there.
有一些男孩正在那边打篮球。
The problem discussed yesterday has been solved.
昨天讨论的问题被解决了。
（二）名词短语的功能
名词短语在句中当作名词用，一般用作主语、宾语、表语或宾语补足语。
1.作主语 The houses built last year are for the teachers.去年建成的那些房子是为老师们建的。
2.作宾语 Jack’s mother can’t go to the parents’ meeting because she is too busy. 杰克的妈妈不能参加家长会，因为她太忙了。
3.作表语 He was the best man to do the job. 他是做这个工作最好的人选。
This is the method of cooking the tasty cookie.这是做这种美味甜饼的方法。
4.作宾补 We made Tom our group leader. 我们选汤姆当我们的组长。
More and more foreigners consider Beijing Opera an important part of Chinese culture. 越来越多的外国人认为京剧是中国文化的一个重要组成部分。
二．形容词短语（AdjP）（Adjective Phrase）
指以一个形容词为中心构成的短语，在句中的功能相当于形容词。形容词短语通常是由形容词及其修饰语构成。
（一）形容词短语的组成
1.副词+形容词
注意：enough修饰形容词，放在所修饰的形容词之后。
The little boy is very /quite/ really clever. 这个小男孩很/真的聪明。
I’m terribly sorry. 我非常抱歉。
Tom is much more friendly. 汤姆更友好。
This coat was much too expensive.这件大衣太贵了。
This movie wasn’t interesting enough. 这部电影不足够有趣。
You can’t be careful enough. 你怎么小心也不为过。
2. 形容词+介词短语 His face was white with anger. 他的脸气得发白。
The bottle is full of water. 瓶子里装满了水。
3. 形容词+不定式短语 He is sure to come. 他一定会来的。
He is eager to see his parents. 他急切地想见到父母。
（二）形容词短语的功能
形容词短语在句中当作形容词用，一般可用作定语（修饰名词或代词）、表语、宾语补足语或状语。
1. 作定语 My little sister is a very curious girl and she always asks me strange questions.
我的小妹妹是一个好奇心强的女孩，她总是问我奇怪的问题。
Tom is a student always ready to help others. 汤姆是个学生，总是乐于助人。
2. 作表语 Robot is so busy that he even has no time to stay with his children at weekends.
罗伯特如此忙,以至于周末他没有时间和孩子待在一起。
He can't do anything, he's completely good for nothing!他什么都干不了，一点也没用。
3. 作宾补 Helping others makes us very proud. 帮助别人使我们非常自豪。
I find the book easy to understand.我发现这本书很好懂。
4. 作状语 After the long journey, the three of them went back home, hungry and tired.
长途旅行后他们三人回家了，又累又饿。
Curious enough，Danny opened the box to see what was in it. 出于好奇，丹尼打开了那只盒子，想看看里面是什么。
三．副词短语（AdvP）（Adverbial Phrase）
指以一个副词为中心构成的短语,在句中的功能相当于副词。副词短语通常是由副词及其修饰语构成。
（一）副词短语的组成
副词+副词
注意：very ,quite, extremely等程度副词修饰副词时，放在所修饰的副词之前；enough修饰副词时，放在所修饰的副词之后。 He runs very quickly.他跑的很快。
You are speaking too fast. Can you speak a little more slowly 你说得太快了，你能说慢一点儿吗？
You speak clearly enough. I can follow you. 你讲得足够清楚，我能听懂。
（二）副词短语的功能
1.修饰动词 He speaks English quite fluently. 他英语说得很流利。
2.修饰形容词 The instructions on the box are really very confusing.盒子上的使用说明令人费解。
3.修饰副词 The fire spread far too fast.大火蔓延得太快了。
4.修饰句子 Luckily enough, we won the first prize for the competition. 足够幸运的是，我们获得了比赛的第一名。
总之，短语是英语中较大的词块,灵活地掌握词块,对丰富学生的词汇量,提高学生的阅读和写作水平会起到事半功倍的作用。
（一）画出并标记句子中名词短语，形容词短语和副词短语
1. The first week was a little confusing.
2. The building is so big that I'm completely lost.
3. The kids over there are putting something on a round paper plate.
4. Linda thinks and speaks quite quickly , and she can do well in the debate.
5. The new coach told me that I didn't play well enough.
6. My first French class was very confusing. The teacher spoke so fast!
（二）用括号里的短语回答问题。
1. How soon do you think you'll finish your homework (pretty soon)
2. What do you think of your new teachers (very nice and patient)
3. How many clubs have you joined this year (two clubs)
4. How well does Rita play the violin We need a new violinist in our music club. (quite well)
5.What did your adviser say about the advanced literature course (too difficult but very interesting)
（三）Joyce写好了一个草稿，用名词短语、形容词短语、副词短语帮助她润色这篇文章，增添更多信息。
Cheerleader Try-outs
I've always wanted to be a cheerleader. Yesterday, I tried out for the team. It was hard. First, we had to dance. The teacher showed us how to move, and then we tried. Second, we practiced singing a song about the school basketball team. Finally, some girls had to lift their partners. The other girls jumped and cheered. I think I did well, but the other girls were better, I'm not sure if I'll make the team or not.
I've always wanted to be a high school cheerleader. Yesterday, I tried out for my school's cheerleading team. It was really hard. First,...
二、了解多个形容词作定语
多个形容词修饰名词时，其排序规律是：(限定词+程度副词+) 描绘性形容词+表示大小(长短、高低)、形状、年龄(新旧)的形容词+表颜色的形容词+表国籍或产地的形容词+表物质材料的形容词+表类别或用途的形容词+名词。如：a beautiful big round new black Russian wooden table
(1) John Smith, a successful businessman, has a _____car.
A. large German white B. large white German C. white large German D. German large white
(2) ______ students are required to take part in the boat race.
A. Ten strong young Chinese B. Ten Chinese strong young
C. Chinese ten young strong D. Young strong ten Chinese
三、 巩固提升
1、画出下例句中的名词短语并指明构成形式
（1）.The cute boy in blue jeans is my brother.
____________________________________________________________________________________
（2）.The cute boy wearing blue jeans is my bother
____________________________________________________________________________________
（3）.The first young man is a bus driver.
2、画出下例句中的形容词短语并指明构成形式
(1).Our country is becoming more and more beautiful.
____________________________________________________________________________________
(2).The road is long enough. (3).The medicine is good for stomach.
____________________________________________________________________________________
3、画出下例句中的副词短语
(1).You are driving too fast. Could you drive less slowly
(2).Strangely enough, she didn’t seem to like ballet very much.
(3).The horse ran quite slowly, so they arrived very late.
4.将下列短语按照类型进行归类：
a really big challenge a little confusing very carefully
the school advisor a very difficult language quite difficult
much more carefully far too fast all the subjects
a senior high school student my advanced course strong enough
名词短语：_____________________________________________________________________________
形容词短语：___________________________________________________________________________
副词短语：_____________________________________________________________________________
【答案】
(一)
1. The first week was a little confusing.
2. The building is so big that I'm completely lost.
3. The kids over there are putting something on a round paper plate.
4. Linda thinks and speaks quite quickly , and she can do well in the debate.
5. The new coach told me that I didn't play well enough.
6. My first French class was very confusing. The teacher spoke so fast!
（二）1.I'll finish my homework pretty soon. 2. My new teachers are very nice and patient.
3. I have joined two clubs. 4. She plays the violin quite well.
5. The advanced literature course is too difficult but very interesting.
（三） I' ve always wanted to be a high school cheerleader. Yesterday, I tried out for my school's cheerleading team. It was really hard. First, we had to dance to the strong beat of music. The dance teacher showed us how to move very energetically, and we tried very hard. Second, we practice singing an inspiring song about the school basketball team. Finally, some girls had to lift their partners. The other girls jumped and cheered very happily. I think I did quite well, but the other girls were even better. I'm not quite sure if I'll make the cheerleanding team or not.
二、 1、B 解析： 按“大小+颜色+产地”的顺序排列。
2、A 解析：数词是限定词，应排在形容词前，排除C和D；又strong是描绘，young是年龄，Chinese是国籍，其先后应为“描绘＋年龄＋国籍”。
三、1.The cute boy in blue jeans is my brother.
构成形式：限定词+形容词+名词+介词短语；限定词+名词
The cute boy wearing blue jeans is my bother
构成形式：限定词+形容词+名词+ving短语；限定词+名词
The first young man is a bus driver.
构成形式：限定词+序数词+形容词+名词；限定词+名词+名词
2.Our country is becoming more and more beautiful. 构成形式：副词+and+副词+名词
The road is long enough. 构成形式：副词+enough
The medicine is good for stomach.构成形式：形容词+介词短语
3.(1).You are driving too fast. Could you drive less slowly
(2).Strangely enough, she didn’t seem to like ballet very much.
(3).The horse ran quite slowly, so they arrived very late.
4.名词短语：a really big challenge; the school advisor; a very difficult language; all the subjects; a senior high school student; my advanced course
形容词短语：a little confusing; quite difficult; strong enough
副词短语： very carefully; far too fast; much more carefully
3、（1）Many senior high freshmen will take part in their favorite clubs.
（2）Amy jumped as high as she could.
（3）Most of young boys like playing football, a popular sports game among teenagers.
（4）I always carefully read my favorite book alone.
（5）Adam often asks his experienced Chinese teacher some challenging questions about literature