人教版（2019）必修第一册Unit4 Natural disasters重点难点巩固卷（word版附答案解析）

Unit4 重点难点巩固卷
一、单词拼写
1．I was ______ (震惊的) to hear the news that a great fire broke out in the factory.
2．Two children fell into the river and many people tried to ______ (营救) them.
3．Cancer is the leading cause of ______ (死亡) in women.
4．These dead ducks should be ______ (埋葬) immediately since they aren’t fit to be eaten.
5．The big fire lasted for four hours and all the buildings along the street got ______ (毁坏).
6．Two people got ______ (困住) in the lift this morning when the electricity was cut off.
7．The electricity ______ (供应) had been cut off.
8．Grace ______ (轻敲) on the bedroom door and went in.
9．She ______ (吹口哨) to the dog to come back.
10．Tuesday was a fine, clear and ______ (平静的) day.
11．Dr. Fox went to the ______ (帮助)of the dying man despite having been injured in the crash.
12．The soldiers are trained to jump from the planes with full ______ (成套装备) on.
13．The volcano could ______ (爆发) at any time.
14．He has the ______ (控制) to make things very unpleasant for us.
15．A truck went out of control and ______ (碰撞) into the back of a bus.
16．Dee watched the ______ (波) breaking on the shore.
17．Bert ______ (清扫) the path in front of the house.
18．She fell heavily, ______ (撞，击) her head against the side of the boat.
19．The king ______ (发表) a televised speech to the nation on November 5.
20．The group produces a monthly ______ (总结) of their research.
21．I can certainly feel the ______ (影响) of too many late nights.
22．This room is twice the ______ (长度) of the kitchen.
二、英译汉
23．fight the fire _________
24．flood hit area _________
25．rescue worker _________
26．hundreds of _________
27．nothing but _________
28．dig out _________
29．the number of _________
30．get on one's feet _________
31．tireless efforts _________
32．stay positive _________
33．be expected to do _________
34．give sb. a clear idea of _________
35．hold on _________
36．first aid kit _________
三、单项选择
37．The natural ________ is believed to have caused heavy losses in this area.
A．view B．block
C．voyage D．disaster
38．A group of soldiers with water and food were sent to ___________ the miners.
A．recover B．organize
C．rescue D．view
39．The __________ to the house caused by the storm took a couple of days to repair.
A．ruin B．destruction C．damage D．harm
40．In that big fire, all their houses were______, so they had to build new ones.
A．hurt B．harmed C．injured D．destroyed
41．The umbrella is a poor ______ from heavy rain.
A．raft B．beard C．fiction D．shelter
42．The volcano　　 　 　 in 1980, damaging a large area of Washington State.
A．broke B．terrified
C．burst D．erupted
43．As the world’s population continues to grow, the ______ of food becomes more and more of a concern.
A．worth B．supply C．back pack D．list
44．We decided to hold the summer party ____instead of in the house.
A．on the air B．in the air
C．up in the air D．in the open air
45．When the market economy is introduced, many factories will not .
A．live B．last C．survive D．keep
46．I’m afraid it’s not within my ________ to get the work done in such a short time.
A．energy B．strength
C．power D．force
47．Korean culture is really popular right now. The Korean Wave is ______ Asian countries including China.
A．sweeping B．striking
C．appplying D．Experiencing
48．We all goodbye to my father as he was on the train to Beijing．
A．made B．shook C．Paid D．waved
49．The church clock began to _______ twelve.
A．hit B．beat C．strike D．touch
50．They set out to ____ food to a distant village.
A．direct B．destroy C．deliver D．disqualify
51．The work was not easy to finish, but he managed to complete it at ________.
A．first B．least
C．most D．length
四、阅读理解
An earthquake is one of the most common natural disasters. It may cause great damage. So it is wise to learn some simple safety tips to protect yourself or your family members.
Fragile items like those made of glass are easily broken and should usually be placed on a lower surface, near the ground instead of placing them in the cupboards higher up. Never place them near your bed, sofas and other furniture where you would be sitting or lying down. So when there is a strong movement, these pieces will fall on the floor directly and not on you.
There is a strong chance of short circuits and fire during an earthquake. Make sure you turn off electrical connections and gas immediately when an earthquake happens.
During an earthquake, lie beneath an object that is not easily damaged. Do not go near objects that could directly fall on you. Never use the elevator to go down. Stay inside until the shaking stops and it is safe to go outside. Research has shown that most injuries happen when people inside buildings try to go out. Use the staircases (楼梯) at all times.
If you are outdoors, do not take shelter under a tree, streetlights, electric poles or tall buildings. If you are driving, stop your car and stay in a safe place. Do not park your car under a tree or any tall object.
If trapped in ruins, cover your mouth with a handkerchief or clothing. Tap on a pipe or the wall so rescuers can find you. Use a whistle (哨子) if one is available. Never shout for help. Shouting can cause you to breathe in dangerous amounts of dust. Do not light a match because you may bum yourself.
52．The underlined word “Fragile” in Paragraph 2 probably means “________”.
A．easily found
B．easily broken
C．expensive
D．heavy
53．To reduce the injury from the earthquake, items made of glass should be put ________.
A．in the cupboards
B．on a lower surface
C．in the bedroom
D．in a place where children can’t reach them
54．During the earthquake, people are advised to ________.
A．go out of the building at once
B．shout for help
C．take shelter under a tree
D．turn off electricity and gas immediately
Earthquake rescue robots have experienced their final tests in Beijing.Their designers say with these robots,rescuers will be able to buy more time to save lives during an earthquake.
This robot looking like a helicopter,is called the detector-bot.It’s about 4 meters long,and it took about 4 years to develop the model.Its main functions are to collect information from the air,and send goods of up to 30 kilos to people trapped by an earthquake.
This robot has a high definition 360 degrees panoramic (全景) camera.It can work day and night and will also be able to send the latest pictures from the quake area.
Dr.Qi Juntong,Chinese Academy of Science,said,“The most important feature of this robot is that it doesn’t need a distant control.We just set the destination (目的地) information on it,and then it takes off,and lands by itself.It flies as high as 3,000 meters,and as fast as 100 kilometers per hour.”
This robot has a different function—it can change as the environment changes.Its main job is to search for any signs of life in places where human rescuers are unable to go.
As well as a detector (探测器) that finds victims and detects poisonous gas,a camera is placed in the 40 centimeters long robot, which can work in the dark.
Another use for the rescuers is the supply bot.With its 10-meter-long pipe,people who are trapped in the ruins,will be able to get supplies including oxygen and liquids.
Experts have said that the robots will enter production,and serve as part of the national earthquake rescue team as soon as next year.
55．According to the passage,this robot_______.
A．is carried by the helicopter
B．weighs about 30 kilos
C．hasn’t been put into production so far.
D．is a machine with a length of 10 meters
56．Dr.Qi Juntong thinks this robot is different from the others mainly because_______.
A．it has more functions
B．it has a unique shape
C．it has more advanced cameras
D．it can work by himself once given the information
57．The underlined word “which” in Paragraph 6 refers to_____.
A．a detector B．a camera
C．a rescuer D．a supply
58．The text is mainly about__________.
A．an introduction to the robot
B．what the robot looks like
C．how the robot is made
D．information about earthquakes
On February 3,1931 the peace of New Zealand's Hawkes Bay region was destroyed when the area was hit by the worst earthquake in New Zealand's history.At 10:46 am on that summer's day,the quake hit with a magnitude of 7.9 on the Richter scale（里氏震级）.The centre of the quake lied some 15 to 20 kilometers north of the two main centers,Napier and Hastings.The quake lasted for two and a half minutes.Many people died in the earthquake.
A fire broke out immediately after the quake.The fire started in a chemist's shop and spread quickly.Then the Fire Department in Napier came to help,but they were at a loss to control the fire as a result of losing their water supply.However,the water supply in Hastings,was still usable,allowing them to fight back against the fire.
The force of the earthquake destroyed many of the city's famous landmarks（地标）.Chunks of the coastline were thrown into the sea.Napier's Bluff Hill,a popular tourist spot,was completely destroyed and thrown into the waters below.
Most of the major buildings in the city were completely destroyed.Roads and communications across the whole area were cut.People were afraid to enter their homes for days and found shelters at the local Motor Camp or on the beach.There were about 150 aftershocks（余震）in the 24 hours after the main shock.Over the next 2 weeks,there would be 525 such aftershocks.
59．The worst earthquake took place in New Zealand_______.
A．at night B．in the morning
C．at noon D．in the afternoon
60．The firefighters in Napier failed to put out the fire probably because_______.
A．there was no usable water B．they couldn't get close to it
C．the flames spread too quickly D．The wind was very strong
61．The last two paragraphs mainly tell us that_______.
A．there were many places of interest in New Zealand
B．the earthquake damaged the city seriously
C．many famous landmarks were thrown into the sea
D．people were afraid to enter their homes for sleep
62．What's the best title for this passage
A．The 1931 Hawke's Bay earthquake
B．New Zealand's two cities
C．The great fire after the great earthquake
D．The city's famous landmarks
五、完形填空
Joel Boyers and his wife, Melody Among, were heading home in their helicopter (直升机）when he received a call for help from a stranger. The caller’s brother and her _____63_____ were trapped on their roof in Waverly because of the rising floodwater.
The caller _____64_____ Joel Boyers to come to their aid. Boyers looked west towards Waverly at the storm clouds. Aware of the danger to _____65_____ in such bad weather, though, he _____66_____ put the brother’s address into his _____67_____. Soon, he and Among were in the air,_____68_____ for what they were about to see in Waverly.
Upon arriving, he found the water below was _____69_____. People were holding on to anything that didn’t move—roofs, trees. The flooding also ______70______ cell phone service, meaning Boyers couldn’t use his phone to locate the _____71_____ he was looking for. He flew on anyway.
As Boyers drove the helicopter, Among began ____72____ people on roofs and bridges—anywhere Boyers could _____73_____ and get them onboard. A rescued man pointed to a teenager. The teenager held onto a branch with one hand and the other held a dog she’d saved earlier while both were _____74_____ in the current (水流). With no place for Boyers to land, he _____75_____ the helicopter until it hovered (盘旋) just above the water line. The rescued man jumped out and swam to the tree, where he helped the teen and the dog to the _____76_____.
Though the experience was _____77_____, Boyers admitted it was fun.
63．A．neighbour B．wife C．friend D．daughter
64．A．ordered B．attracted C．begged D．challenged
65．A．pack B．fly C．quit D．swim
66．A．immediately B．secretly C．gradually D．creatively
67．A．card B．pocket C．computer D．phone
68．A．unprepared B．intended C．relieved D．recognized
69．A．peaceful B．rapid C．familiar D．clean
70．A．revised B．delivered C．damaged D．registered
71．A．house B．tree C．car D．bridge
72．A．debating with B．adapting to C．commenting on D．searching for
73．A．land B．rise C．jump D．look
74．A．training B．exploring C．experimenting D．struggling
75．A．reserved B．lowered C．followed D．designed
76．A．home B．school C．helicopter D．truck
77．A．plain B．awkward C．adventurous D．formal
六、用单词的适当形式完成短文
About 400 earthquakes occur every day, more than a hundred thousand a year. There have been many ____78____ (terrible) destructive earthquakes. The most serious of these ____79____ (occur) in Hua County, Shaanxi Province in 1556, ____80____ affected an area of 800 square kilometers in eight provinces. ____81____ total, 830, 000 people lost their lives. Another example is the 1906 California Earthquake, the worst earthquake that has ever happened in the United States. It lasted only a minute. ____82____, it caused the worst natural disaster in the nation’s history. Fires ____83____ (cause) by the earthquake burned for three days, ____84____ (destroy) a total of 25,000 buildings. About 500 people ____85____ (kill) in the city of San Francisco and 250,000 were made ____86____ (home). In the whole of California, the earthquake and fires caused about 3,000 ____87____ (die).
参考答案：
1．shocked 2．rescue 3．death 4．buried 5．destroyed 6．trapped
7．supply 8．tapped 9．whistled 10．calm 11．aid 12．kit 13．erupt 14．power
15．crashed 16．waves 17．swept 18．striking 19．delivered 20．summary 21．effects 22．length
23．扑火 24．洪灾地区 25．营救人员 26．成百上千的 27．只有；仅仅 28．挖出 29．……的数量 30．站起来 31．不懈的努力 32．保持乐观 33．预计做 34．让某人清楚地了解 35．抓住 36．急救箱
【解析】23．fight 与...斗争，the fire 火，即与火作斗争。故答案填“扑火”。
24．flood hit 洪水泛滥，area 区域。故答案填“洪灾地区”。
25．rescue 营救、救援，worker 工作者。故答案填“营救人员”。
26．hundreds of 成百上千的，许许多多的。故答案填“成百上千的”。
27．nothing 没有什么，but 仅仅。故答案填“只有；仅仅”。
28．dig out 挖出。故答案填“挖出”。
29．the number 数量，of......的。故答案填“......的数量”。
30．get on one's feet 站起来。故答案填“站起来”。
31．tireless 不知疲倦的、孜孜不倦的，efforts 努力。故答案填“不懈的努力”。
32．stay 保持，positive 积极乐观的。故答案填“保持乐观”。
33．expected 预料的、预计的，to do 将要做某事。故答案填“预计做”。
34．give 给，sb. 某人，a clear idea 一个清晰明了的想法。故答案填“让某人清楚地了解”。
35．hold on 抓住。故答案填“抓住”。
36．first aid 急救，kit 全套衣服及装备。故答案填“急救箱”。
37．D
【详解】考查名词辨析。句意：据说这场自然灾害在这一地区造成了重大损失。A. view观察；B. block块；C. voyage航行；D. disaster灾难，灾害。根据caused heavy losses可知是自然灾害，故选D。
38．C
【详解】试题分析：A. recover恢复；B. organize组织；C. rescue援救；D. view观察。句意：一批士兵带着水和食物被派来援救矿工们。根据句意选C.
考点：考查动词辨析。
39．C
【详解】试题分析：考查名词辨析。ruin毁灭，灭亡； 废墟，是一种影响极大的破坏。destruction破坏，毁灭，消灭。damage损害，损毁。harm损害； 伤害； 危害。the damage to对…的损坏。句意：这次风暴给这所房子造成的破坏，需要几天的时间去修理好。故选C。
40．D
【详解】考查动词辨析。句意:大地震中，他们所有的房子都被毁了，因此，他们不得不建新的。A. hurt伤害，可指身体也可指精神方面的伤害；B. harm伤害，一般指有危害；C. injure受伤，一般指事故中受伤了; D. destroy 毁坏，多指将东西损坏到无法再用的程度。根据上下文语境“他们不得不重建新的房屋”可知指东西损坏到无法再用的程度，故选D。
41．D
【详解】考查名词辨析。句意：这把伞遮不住大雨。A. raft救生筏；B. beard胡须；C. fiction小说；D. shelter庇护；遮盖物。结合句意可知选D。
42．D
【详解】考查动词词义。句意：这座火山在1980年爆发，对华盛顿州大部分地区造成损害。A. broke打碎；B. terrified使害怕；C. burst突然爆发；D. erupted喷发。本句主语为volcano，故用erupt，选D。
43．B
【详解】试题分析：考查名词词义辨析。A.价值；B.供应；C.背包式灭火器、背架；D.列表、清单。句意：随着世界人口继续地增加，食物供应问题变得越来越受关注。故选B。
44．D
【详解】考查介词短语辨析。句意：我们决定在户外举办夏日派对，而不是在室内。A. on the air在广播，广播中；B. in the air在空中；悬而未决；C. up in the air悬而未决；D. in the open air露天；在户外。根据句中的instead of in the house(而不是在室内)可知，“我们”决定在户外举办夏日派对。故选D项。
45．C
【详解】试题分析：句意:引入市场经济后，许多工厂将面临倒闭。live仅仅是指活着；last度过，持续； survive vt.& vi.幸免于难，挺过，艰难度过；keep保持。根据句意应选C。
46．C
【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：恐怕我没有能力在这么短的时间内完成这项工作。A. energy精力；B. strength力量；C. power能力；D. force暴力。表示能力用power，故选C。
47．A
【详解】试题分析：考查动词。句意：韩国的文化现在很流行，韩流席卷了亚洲，包括中国。 A. sweeping 扫荡，这里是夸张的用法；B. striking 打击；C. Appplying应用；D. Experiencing经历；根据词义，故选A项。
48．D
【详解】考查动词辨析。句意：当爸爸上了去北京的火车的时候，我们都挥手向爸爸告别。A．made使得，制作；B．shook摇晃；C．paid付钱；D．waved挥手。词组wave goodbye to sb.向某人挥手告别。故选D。
49．C
【详解】考查动词辨析：前面三个单词都有“打”的意思，但hit指“打人”，beat是“击打”，strike可以是钟敲了几下，touch是触摸，句意是：教堂的钟开始敲了12下。选C。
50．C
【详解】考查动词的辨析。句意：他们出发去给遥远的村子送去食物。A. direct指向，管理； B. destroy破坏；C. deliver传递；D. disqualify取消…资格。根据句意，他们应该是给偏远农村传递食物。故选C选项。
51．D
【详解】考查短语辨析。句意：这项工作不容易完成，但是他最终设法完成了。at first起初；at least至少；at most至多；at length终于，最后。故选D。
52．B 53．B 54．D
【分析】地震是最常见的自然灾害之一，常造成巨大的损失。本文就如何在地震中保护自己及家人提出了几则忠告。
52．考查词义猜测。根据画线词后的“like those made of glass are easily broken”可知，画线词的意思是“易碎的”。故选B项。
53．考查细节理解。根据文章第二段中的“Fragile items...and should usually be placed on a lower surface, near the ground instead of placing them in the cupboards higher up”可知应把那些玻璃制品放置在接近地面的较低处。故选B项。
54．考查细节理解。根据文章第三段的最后一句“Make sure you turn off electrical connections and gas immediately when an earthquake happens”可知，当地震发生时，要确保立即关闭电源插头和天然气。故选D。
55．C 56．D 57．B 58．A
【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了一种新型机器人——地震救援机器人的功能和特点，目前已经通过测试，最快明年才能投入生产。
55．细节理解题。根据最后一段 “Experts have said that the robots will enter production,and serve as part of the national earthquake rescue team as soon as next year.”可知，这种机器人最快明年才能投入生产，故C项正确。
56．细节理解题。根据第四段中的 “The most important feature of this robot is that it doesn’t need a distant control. We just set the destination information on it,and then it takes off,and lands by itself.”可知，这种机器人最显著的特点是不需要用远程遥控，一旦给它输入信息，它就可以独立工作了，故D项正确。
57．指代题。根据画线词前的“As well as a detector that finds victims and detects poisonous gas, a camera is placed in the 40 centimeters long robot”可知，除了发现受害者和检测有毒气体外，这种40厘米长的机器人上还装有一架照相机，这架照相机可以在黑暗中拍摄传送照片，此处为非限定定语从句，which指代的就是先行词a camera，故B项正确。
58．主旨大意题。通读全文，特别是根据第一段中的“Earthquake rescue robots have experienced their final tests in Beijing.”可知，本文介绍了一种新型机器人——地震救援机器人的功能和特点，故A项正确。
59．B 60．A 61．B 62．A
【分析】本文是说明文。文章主要介绍的是新西兰的霍克斯湾在1931年所发生的一次严重的地震。这次地震造成了财产的大量的损失以及人员的伤亡，海岸线被破坏了，旅游景点也破坏了、城市以及道路都遭到严重损失，给人们生活带来极大不便。
59．细节理解题。根据第一段中的第二句At 10：46 am on that summer's day， the quake hit with a magnitude of 7.9 on the Richter scale（里氏震级）（夏季的一天上午10：46，发生了7.9级地震）可知，在新西兰那次最严重的地震是在上午发生的故选B。
60．细节理解题。根据第二段第三句中的but they were at a loss to control the fire as a result of losing their water supply（但是由于没有水供应，他们无法控制火势）可知，Napier的消防员们无法将火扑灭主要是因为他们没有水。故选A
61．主旨大意题。根据最后两段Chunks of the coastline were thrown into the sea. Napier's Bluff Hill, a popular tourist spot, was completely destroyed and thrown into the waters below…Most of the major buildings in the city were completely destroyed. Roads and communications across the whole area were cut. People were afraid to enter their homes for days and found shelters at the local Motor Camp or on the beach.（大块大块的海岸线被抛入大海。纳皮尔的断崖山，一个很受欢迎的旅游景点，被完全摧毁了，并被扔进了下面的水里……整个地区的道路和通讯都被切断。几天来，人们不敢进入自己的家，只能在当地的汽车营地或海滩上寻找避难所）可判断出，这两段主要介绍的是这次地震对这个城市所造成的严重破坏．海岸线被破坏了，旅游景点也破坏了、城市以及道路都遭到严重损失，给人们生活带来极大不便。由此可知，地震对城市破坏严重。故选B。
62．主旨大意题。根据文章内容可判断出，本文主要介绍的是新西兰的霍克斯湾在1931年所发生的一次严重的地震，以及给这座城市所带来的损害。A项能体现了本文的核心，适合用作本文的标题。故选A。
63．D 64．C 65．B 66．A 67．D 68．A 69．B 70．C 71．A 72．D 73．A 74．D 75．B 76．C 77．C
63．考查名词词义辨析。句意：打电话者的弟弟和她的女儿由于上涨的洪水被困在韦弗利的屋顶。A. neighbour邻居；B. wife妻子；C. friend朋友；D. daughter女儿。根据上文“The caller’s brother and her”和下文“The teenager”可知，打电话的人是女的，她打电话说她的家人被困，“女儿”符合语境。故选D。
64．考查动词词义辨析。句意：打电话的人恳求Joel Boyers来营救他们。A. ordered命令；B. attracted吸引；C. begged恳求；D. challenged挑战。根据上文“trapped on their roof in Waverly because of the rising floodwater”可知，他们被困在屋顶，因此是恳求Joel Boyers来营救他们。故选C。
65．考查动词词义辨析。句意：虽然意识到在如此恶劣条件下飞行的危险性，但是，他还是立即将求救者弟弟的地址输入手机。A. pack打包；B. fly飞翔； C. quit停止； D. swim游泳。根据上文“heading home in their helicopter (直升机)”可知，他们乘坐直升机回家，因此在如此恶劣条件下飞行是很危险的。故选B。
66．考查副词词义辨析。句意：虽然意识到在如此恶劣条件下飞行的危险性，但是，他还是立即将求救者弟弟的地址输入手机。A. immediately立即地；B. secretly秘密地；C. gradually逐渐地；D. creatively创造性地。根据上文“Boyers looked west towards Waverly at the storm clouds.”可知，当时乌云密布，情况紧急，因此他立即将求救者弟弟的地址输入手机。故选A。
67．考查名词词义辨析。句意：虽然意识到在如此恶劣条件下飞行的危险性，但是，他还是立即将求救者的地址输入手机。A. card卡片；B. pocket口袋；C. computer电脑；D. phone手机。根据下文“Boyers couldn’t use his phone to locate the”可知，Boyers不能使用他的手机去定位，由此可知他将求救者弟弟的地址输入手机。故选D。
68．考查动词词义辨析。句意：不久，他和Among就在空中，对他们即将在韦弗利看到的一切毫无准备。A. unprepared没有准备好；B. intended打算；C. relieved缓解；D. recognized认出。根据上文“Soon, he and Among were in the air”可知，他们很匆忙，还没有准备好会在韦弗利将会看到什么。故选A。
69．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：已到达营救地的上空，他们就发现下面的水流很急。A. peaceful和平的；B. rapid迅速的；C. familiar熟悉的；D. clean干净的。根据下文“People were holding on to anything that didn’t move—roofs, trees.”可知，人们紧紧地抓住不能移动的任何东西，由此可知水流很急。故选B。
70．考查动词词义辨析。句意：洪水也破坏了手机服务，这就意味着Boyers不能定位到他寻找的房子。A. revised复习，修正；B. delivered运送；C. damaged破坏；D. registered注册。根据下文“meaning Boyers couldn’t use his phone to locate the”可知，Boyers不能定位到他寻找的房子，因此洪水也破坏了手机服务。故选C。
71．考查名词词义辨析。句意：洪水也破坏了手机服务，这就意味着Boyers不能定位到他寻找的房子。A. house房子；B. tree树；C. car小车；D. bridge桥。根据上文“were trapped on their roof”可知，他们被困在屋顶，因此Boyers寻找他们所在的房子。故选A。
72．考查动词短语词义辨析。句意： 当Boyers驾驶直升机时，Among开始搜寻屋顶和桥上的人。A. debating with争论；B. adapting to适应；C. commenting on品论；D. searching for搜寻。根据上文“were trapped on their roof”可知，他们被困在屋顶，因此Boyers和Among在搜寻他们。故选D。
73．考查动词词义辨析。句意：任何让Boyers着陆的地方，使求救者上来。A. land着陆；B. rise上升；C. jump跳；D. look看。根据下文“get them onboard”可知，要让求救者上来，他必须找到着陆的地方。故选A。
74．考查动词词义辨析。句意：那个青少年一只手抓着树干，另一只手抓住她救的小狗，两个都在水里挣扎。A. training训练；B. exploring探索；C. experimenting实验；D. struggling挣扎。根据上文“The teenager held onto a branch with one hand and the other held a dog she’d saved earlier”可知，被困洪水，两个在水里挣扎。故选D。
75．考查动词词义辨析。句意：找不到着陆的地方，Boyers就降低直升机到水面线上。A. reserved预订，储备；B. lowered降低；C. followed紧跟；D. designed设计。根据下文“until it hovered (盘旋) just above the water line”可知，由于找不到着陆的地方，他就降低直升机到水面线上。故选B。
76．考查名词词义辨析。句意：获救的男子跳出来，游向树，帮助女孩和小狗进入到直升机里。A. home家；B. school学校；C. helicopter直升飞机；D. truck卡车。根据上文“the helicopter until it hovered (盘旋) just above the water line”可知，他们是被直升机救了。故选C。
77．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：尽管这个经历很冒险，但是Boyers觉得很快乐。A. plain朴素的；B. awkward尴尬的；C. adventurous冒险的；D. formal正式的。根据上文“Aware of the danger to”可知，这是一次危险的救人经历。故选C。
78．terribly 79．occurred 80．which 81．In 82．However 83．caused 84．destroying 85．were killed 86．homeless 87．deaths
78．考查副词。句意：曾经发生过许多极具破坏性的地震。此处修饰形容词destructive，应用副词形式。故填terribly。
79．考查一般过去时。句意：其中最严重的一次发生在1556年的陕西省华县，波及8个省，面积达800平方公里。此处是谓语动词，根据in 1556可知，句子用一般过去时，故填occurred。
80．考查定语从句。句意：其中最严重的一次发生在1556年的陕西省华县，波及8个省，面积达800平方公里。分析句子可知，此处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词是The most serious of these，关系词在从句中作主语，应用which引导。故填which。
81．考查介词。句意：总共有83万人丧生。in total总计，固定短语，首字母应大写。故填In。
82．考查副词。句意：然而，它造成了美国历史上最严重的自然灾害。上文“It lasted only a minute.(它只持续了一分钟)”提到地震只持续了一分钟，与下文“它造成了美国历史上最严重的自然灾害”之间是转折关系，应用副词however，首字母应大写。故填However。
83．考查过去分词。句意：地震引起的大火燃烧了3天，共摧毁了25000栋建筑。动词cause和fire之间是逻辑上的动宾关系，应用过去分词作定语。故填caused。
84．考查现在分词。句意：地震引起的大火燃烧了3天，共摧毁了25000栋建筑。动词destroy的逻辑主语是前面整句话，两者之间是主谓关系，应用现在分词作结果状语。故填destroying。
85．考查时态、语态和主谓一致。句意：旧金山市约有500人丧生，25万人无家可归。此处是讲述过去发生的事情，且主语people和动词kill之间是被动关系，应用一般过去时的被动语态，主语people表示复数意义，应用were killed。
86．考查形容词。句意：旧金山市约有500人丧生，25万人无家可归。此处应用形容词作主语补足语，homeless无家可归的，故填homeless。
87．考查名词复数。句意：在整个加州，地震和火灾造成约3000人死亡。此处应用名词作宾语，death死亡，可数名词，由空前的3,000可知此处应用复数形式。故填deaths。