(共18张PPT)
grammar
Module 3
状语从句
什么是状语?
状语是修饰动词、 形容词、 副词等的句子成分。
说明时间、 地点、 原因、 目的、 结果、 条件等。
可作状语的有: 名词、 副词、 介词短语、 不定式短语和从句等
什么是从句?
必须符合“从句的三个必须”
必须是句子; 必须有连接词; 必须是陈述句
什么是状语从句?
用一个句子充当状语成分, 那个句子就是状语从句。
I get up at six .
when it is dark .
I get up at school.
where I study.
状语从句同副词, 介词词组等作状语一样, 用于修饰谓语, 说明谓语动作的时间, 地点, 方式, 手段, 条件, 程度, 比较, 原因, 目的,结果等
1 . I get up at 6:00 2. It is dark
3. I get up when it is dark
状语从句分类
时间状语从句
Scarcely ……when
又可作介词
2) 地点状从
①Where there is a will, there is a way.
② Wherever there is smoke, there is a fire.
在任何有有烟的地方,一定有一堆火。=无风不起浪。
写作技巧:在写作中,我们可以化用套用句式而不是简单的引用原句。比如在一场地震中,一方有难八方支援,人间有真情人间有大爱。我们可以说:
Where there is love, there is hope.
哪里有爱,哪里就有希望。
3) 原因状从
①—Why are you late —Because I missed the early bus.
—你为什么迟到? —因为我没赶上早班车。
②Since/Now that everyone is here, let's begin.
既然大家都来了(大家都知道的事实,显而易见的原因),让我们开始吧。
注:表因为的短语,to和of介词后加名词不能连接句子。
3 to: thanks to, owning to, due to
3 of: because of, as a result of, on account of
4) 结果状从
① I took an umbrella, so that I didn't get wet in the rain.
注:so是副词,可修饰形容词/副词,
such是形容词,可修饰名词/名词词组。
so/such和that之间有名词时:
① 可数名词复数和不可数名词,只用such
② 可数名词单数,so,such都可以语序不同
③ 名词前有表数量多少的形容词时,只用so
口诀:名前such,形副so,多多少少也用so,little属特殊,“小”用such,“少”用so。
5)目的状语
Take an umbrella in case it rains.
I take an umbrella so that(= in order that ) I won’t get wet in the rain.
(PS: I took an umbrella, so that I did not get wet in the rain. )
6) 方式状语从句
① Do the homework as the teacher told you.
按照老师告诉你的(方式)去做作业。
②He talks as if/ though he were the chairman.
他说起话来(的方式)就像自己是主席一样。
7) 比较状语从句
①He forgets faster than he learns.
他忘的比学的快。
②He forgets as fast as he learns.
他忘的跟学的一样快。(先有比较才知道一样)
8) 条件状语从句
①如果你许诺按时归还,我可以借给你我的车。
注意:unless=if not
我不会借给你我的车除非你许诺按时归还。
我不会借给你我的车如果你不许诺按时归还。
If you promise to return it on time, I can lend you my car.
I won't lend you my car unless you promise to return on time.
I won't lend you my favorite book if you don’t promise to return on time.
② I will lend you my car on condition that you promise to return on time.
③ 只要你许诺按时归还,我可以借给你我的车
I will lend you my car on as long as you promise to return on time.
我可以借给你我的车条件是你许诺按时归还。
9) 让步状语从句
① 尽管他岁数大了,他坚持学习。
Although/Though/While/Even though(if)he is old, he keeps learning.
② Whichever way you choose, wherever you go, whatever you do, whoever you love, however you hate me, whenever you come back, I will wait for you here.
无论你选择那一条路,无论你去向何方,无论你做了什么,无论你爱上谁,无论你多讨厌我,无论你何时归来,我都将在这等着你。
Thank you !