外研版（2019）必修第一册Unit 1 A new start知识点讲义课件(共58张PPT)

(共58张PPT)
Unit 1 A New Start
Language points
1. curious
___________adv.___________ n.
be curious about 对……感到好奇
be curious to do sth 很想做某事
out of curiosity 出于好奇
satisfy sb’s curiosity 满足某人的好奇心
with curiosity 带着好奇心；好奇地
curiously
curiosity
例：
Children are curious about the world around them.
孩子们对周围的世界感到好奇。
She is curious to know what they are talking about.
她很想知道他们在谈论什么。
He opened the letter addressed to his sister out of curiosity.
他出于好奇拆开了写给他妹妹的信。
单句填空
(1) I am very curious ____________ what the girl said.
(2) ____________ (curious) enough, he seems to have known what he would do next.
(3) The girl ___________________ know what was inside the box. So she ran to her mother and asked ________________, “Mommy, can you open the box for me ” Her mother agreed to open it to satisfy the girl’s ________________.
女孩想知道盒子里面是什么。于是她跑向母亲，好奇地问道：“妈妈，你能帮我打开盒子吗？“她妈妈同意打开它来满足女孩的好奇心。
about
Curiously
was curious to
curiously
curiosity
2. impression
What could I say to make a good first impression
（教材P3）我该说些什么以留下好印象？
___________ v. ___________adj.
leave/make/have a… impression on sb.
给某人留下…的印象
impress sb with sth 某事给某人留下印象
impress sth on/upon sb
使某人铭记某事；使某人明白某事物的重要性
be impressed with/by…对…有深刻的印象
impress
impressive
例：
He impressed her with his sincerity.
I was greatly impressed by/with the headmaster’s speech.
My father impressed me on the value of hard work.
单句填空
(1) Punishment seemed to make no ____________
(impress) on the child.
(2) My father impressed the importance of keeping
calm ____________ me.
(3) He had given a very ____________ (impress)
performance.
一句多译
(4) 我们学校精彩的社团活动给我留下了深刻印象。
impression
on
impressive
What impressed me most was the wonderful club activities of our school.
I was impressed with the wonderful club activities of our school.
The wonderful club activities of our school left me a deep impression.
3. breathe
With butterflies in my stomach, I breathed deeply.
（教材P3）我忐忑不安地深吸了一口气。
___________n. ___________ adj.
breathe in 吸气
breathe out 呼气
take a deep breath 深吸一口气
out of breath 气喘吁吁，上气不接下气
hold one’ s breath 屏住呼吸
lose one’s breath 喘不过气来
breath
breathless
例：
The doctor asked me to breathe in, and then to breathe out fully.
医生让我先吸气，然后全部呼出。
He took a deep breath and jumped into the swimming pool.
他深呼吸后跳入游泳池中。
She was soon out of breath, but went on running.
她很快就气喘吁吁了，但仍继续跑。
单句填空
(1) When we ____________ (breath) , the air goes into
our lungs.
(2) If you run very fast, you may lose your
____________ (breathe) .
(3) I __________________, waiting for the exam result to be read out.
我屏住呼吸，等待着考试结果的公布。
(4) I was ________________ after running up the stairs.
我跑上楼后上气不接下气。
breathe
breath
hold my breath
out of breath
4. challenge
Challenges like this might sometimes put you under pressure.（教材P3）
这样的挑战有时可能会给你带来压力。
___________adj.
n. 挑战；质疑；邀请；提议
v. 向...挑战；邀请...比赛
challenge sb to sth 向某人挑战某事
challenge sb to do sth向某人挑战做某事
face a challenge 面对挑战
accept a challenge 接受挑战
challenging
例：
They have to face the challenge of taking care of four aged parents without help from siblings.
没有任何兄弟姐妹的帮助，他们不得不面对同时照顾四位老人的挑战。
He challenged me to play chess.
他向我挑战下象棋。
写出下列句中challenge的含义
(1) Life is filled with challenges.
(2) It was a direct challenge to the president’s authority.
(3) I kept practicing until I became confident enough to challenge the good players.
(4) Such one-sided views should have immediately
been challenged.
n.挑战
n. 质疑
v. 向...挑战
v. 质疑
单句填空
(5) Teaching young children is a ____________
(challenge) job.
(6) My brother challenged me ____________ a game
of chess.
(7) Her deskmate challenged her ____________
(memorize) 100 English words a day.
challenging
to
to memorize
5. panic
I looked at them in panic.
（教材P3）我惊恐地看着他们。
过去式______________ 过去分词_____________现在分词____________ 名词________
in (a) panic 惊慌地
get into a panic 陷入惊慌状态
panic over 因……而惊慌
panic sb into doing sth 使某人（因惊慌）仓促做某事
panicked
panicked
panicking
panic
例：
Office workers fled in panic as the fire happened.
起火时，办公室人员惊慌逃出。
Don’ t panic over your coming exams. Keep cool!
别为即将到来的考试而恐慌。保持冷静！
The war panicked many people into escaping from their hometown.
这场战争使得很多人惊慌失措，逃离家园。
单句填空
(1) Often people ____________ a panic will do foolish things.
(2) Some people were panicked into ____________
(sell) stocks.
(3) She got into ____________ panic when she
thought she’d forgotten the tickets.
in
selling
a
6. argue
Argue about the week’ s hottest topics with the school’s sharpest minds!（教材P6）
与学校最敏锐的头脑讨论本周最热门的话题！
___________ n.
argue with sb about/ over sth 与某人辩论某事
argue for/ against sth 赞成/反对某事
argue sb into/ out of doing sth说服某人做/不做某事
argue that... 主张；认为
It is beyond argument that... 无可争辩的是……
argument
例：
They both agreed to see a film but they argued with each other about/ over which film to see.
他们俩都同意看电影但却为看哪部电影而彼此争论。
We tried many ways to argue him into accepting our advice, but in vain.
我们尝试了很多办法劝说他接受我们的建议，但都是徒然。
I argue that every one of us should try our best to help those in need.
我认为我们每个人都应该尽力帮助那些处在困难中的人。
The students often argue for the right of freedom.
学生们经常为争取自由权利而辩论。
单句填空
(1) I’m not going to argue _______you, but I
think you’re wrong.
(2) It is beyond ____________ (argue) that Hong Kong is an indivisible part of China.
(3) The saleswoman argued _____ buying the car.
补全句子
(4) We try to ______________________________
alone. 我们尽力说服她不要独自去那儿。
(5) Last week our class ______________________
whether human beings should explore outer space.
上周我们班就人类是否应该探索外太空进行了一场辩论。
with
argument
for
argue her out of going there
took an argument
7. apply
After-school activities also play a part when students apply to college. （教材P7）
学生申请大学时，课外活动也起到一定的作用。
_____________n. (申请；请求；应用)
___________ n. (申请人)
apply (to sb) for sth （向某人）申请某事
apply to do sth 申请做某事
apply to sth/ sb 适用于/运用于……
apply sth to... 把……应用于……；把……涂抹到……
apply oneself to... 致力于/集中精力于... （to为介词）
application
applicant
例：
She applied to the international school for a job as an English teacher.
她向这所国际学校申请英语教师的职位。
The rules of safe driving apply to everyone, without exception.
安全驾驶规则适用于每一个人，没有例外。
After graduation from university, I’ll apply what I have learned to my future job.
大学毕业后，我会将所学知识应用到未来工作中。
He has applied to join the army. 他已报名参军。
单句语法填空
(1) Unfortunately, my ____________ (apply) for a
scholarship was rejected.
(2) This rule cannot apply ____________ children.
(3) I’d like to apply ____________ the position you
advertised in China Daily.
完成句子
(4) He ___________________ traditional Chinese
medical science at college.
他将在大学里专心学习中医。
application
to
for
will apply himself to
8. schedule
However, they can take up a lot of time, so students have to learn to organise their busy schedules.
（教材P7）然而，它们会占用很多时间，所以学生们必须学会安排他们繁忙的日程表。
n. 计划表，进度表，日程表 vt. 为某事安排时间
ahead of schedule 提前
on schedule 按预定时间
behind schedule 落后于预定计划
as schedule 按计划
be scheduled for sth/to do sth 计划做某事
例：
The prime minister is scheduled to arrive at noon.
首相定于中午到达。
We were two months behind schedule, and already over budget.
我们的进度晚了两个月，而且已经超出了预算。
The goods arrived on schedule. 货物已如期运到。
单句语法填空
(1) The building is scheduled ______________
(complete) by the end of the year.
(2) Performance began _______ schedule.
表演如期开始。
补全句子
(3) We are __________________(落后于预定计划) on this project.
(4) The negotiation will begin ______________
(按预定时间) .
to complete
on
behind schedule
on schedule
9. graduate
Lisa graduated from our school last June and is about to go to college in New York. （教材P9）
丽莎去年六月从我们学校毕业，即将去纽约上大学。
v. 毕业n. 毕业生，学位获得者
___________ n. (毕业；毕业典礼)
graduate from 从……毕业
graduate in 毕业于……专业
例：
These graduates all graduated from Oxford University.
这些毕业生都毕业于牛津大学。
I graduated in English and have been an English teacher for 20 years.
我毕业于英语专业，当英语老师已经有二十年了。
graduation
单句语法填空
(1) He has graduated ______ physics. And now
he is looking for a job.
(2) Her parents are flying to Canada to attend her
____________ (graduate) .
(3) After graduating ____________ university, Mary
spent two weeks travelling abroad.
(4) My sister is _____ graduate of Peking
University.
in
graduation
from
a
10. frightened
I was frightened at the sight of the test paper.
（教材P9）我一看到试卷就害怕了。
__________ adj. ___________n.___________v.
例：
The little girl was frightened at the sight of the frightening snake and shook with fright.
这个小女孩一看到这条令人恐怖的蛇就感到很害怕，吓得浑身发抖。
frightening
fright
frighten
单句语法填空
(1) It’ s ____________ (frighten) to think it could
happen again.
(2) The little girl was ____________ (frighten) that her mother wouldn’t come back.
(3) My hair stood on end with ____________ (frighten) .
单句改错
(4) Going into hospital can be very frightened for a
child. ___________
(5) I am frightened in walking home alone at night.
___________
frightening
frightened
fright
frightening
of
11. figure
But then I figured I’ d better just go all out and see what happens. （教材P9）
但后来我认为我最好还是全力以赴，看看会发生什么。
v. 认为，以为；估计；计算
n. 数字；人物；身材，体形；图形
figure out 算出；想出；理解，弄明白；断定；解决
figure on 期待，指望；依靠；打算
figure in 把……计算/考虑在内
例：
It’s difficult to figure out why she did it.
很难理解她为什么那么做。
They figured that it was better to put up the poster at the gate of the school.
他们认为把海报贴在学校门口更好。
写出下列句中figure的含义
(1) We’re told the figure could reach 100, 000 next year. ____________
(2) He was a prominent figure in modern times of
Chinese history. ____________
(3) Most young women want a slim figure these days.
____________
(4) The wall was covered with figures of birds and
flowers. ____________
(5) We figured the sensible thing to do was to wait. ____________
数字
人物
身材
图形
认为
用figure短语补全句子
(6) You can ________________ him to help you.
你可以指望他帮助你。
(7) I can’ t ________________ why she said that.
我不明白她为什么那样说。
(8) Have you ________________ the cost of the hotel
你把住旅店的钱算进去了吗？
figure on
figure out
figured in
12. struggle
The teacher found I was struggling with note-taking and told me to stop and just listen.
（教材P11）老师发现我正在努力记笔记，叫我停下来听。
v. 奋斗，拼搏 n. 斗争
struggle for 为……而斗争
struggle against 为反对……而斗争
struggle with 和……一起奋斗；与……作斗争
struggle to do 努力做某事
struggle to one’s feet 挣扎着站起来
例：
She struggled for the independence of her country all her life.
她为自己祖国的独立而奋斗终生。
He struggled against/ with the enemies and eventually drove them off.
他同敌人进行搏斗，最后把他们赶走了。
He struggled to overcome his shortcomings.
他努力克服缺点。
He was badly injured in the accident, but struggled to his feet.
他在事故中受伤严重，但还是挣扎着站了起来。
单句语法填空
(1) He has been struggling _________ success in his business, which has won our respect.
(2) The children talked so loudly at dinner table that I had to struggle ___________ (hear).
语段填空
(3) What’s the meaning of life Some people ______________ much money; some people
____________ their own career in a specific area. But for me, I’ll ____________ my husband to bring up and cultivate our daughter, which is the most meaningful life to us.
生命的意义是什么？有些人努力挣钱，有些人在特定的领域里为自己的事业而奋斗。但对我来说，我会和丈夫一起努力抚养和培养我们的女儿，这对我们来说是最有意义的生活。
for
to be heard
struggle to earn
struggle for
struggle with
13. depend on (upon) 视……而定；依靠，取决于；指望
But it all depends on what you do.
（教材P3）但这完全取决于你做的事。
depend on sb/ sth依赖某人/事，相信某人/事可靠
depend on sb to do sth依靠/指望某人做某事
depend on sb for sth指望/依靠某人/事得到某物
depend on it that...相信……；指望……
That/ It (all) depends.视情况而定。（常作为交际用语）
depend on后边跟从句时常用 it 作形式宾语。类似用法还有appreciate, like, hate等
单句语法填空
(1) He is so selfish that you can' t depend on him
____________ (help) you.
(2) Children depend on their parents ____________
food and clothing.
(3) We can depend on ____________ that he will
arrivehere on time.
翻译句子
(4) 许多年轻人不想依赖父母。
(5) 你可以相信他会准时到这儿的。
to help
for
it
Many young people don’ t want to depend on their parents.
You can depend on it that he will arrive here on time.
14. take up 拿起；接受；开始；继续；占用时间(空间)
However, they can take up a lot of time, so students have to learn to organize their busy schedules.
（教材P7）
但是，他们可能会占据很多时间，所以学生必须学会规划好他们繁忙的日程。
take in 吸收；领会；收留；欺骗
take off 起飞；脱掉；开始成功
take on 呈现；开始雇佣
take over 接收；接管
take out 拿出；获得
用take词组的适当形式填空
(1) The plane____________on time yesterday.
(2) Peter will____________his post as the head of the
travel agency at the end of next month.
(3) Briggs will ____________as general manager
when Mitchell retires.
(4) Some insects ____________the color of their
surroundings to protect themselves.
(5) We tried to find a table for seven, but they were all ____________.
took off
take up
take over
take on
taken up
15. refer to提到，谈到；指的是；参考，查阅
Refer to the interview for ideas.
（教材P10）参考这个访谈来汲取灵感。
写出下列句中refer to的含义
(1) What does the underlined word“it”in Paragraph 7 refer to ____________
(2) Don’t refer to your notes or dictionary when taking a test. ____________
(3) In his speech, he didn’t refer to the problem at all. ____________
指的是
参考，查阅
提到，谈到
1. I was looking at the photos on the noticeboard when I heard a voice behind me.
译文：
when 用作并列连词，常用于以下结构：
be doing ... when ... 正在……这时……
be about to do ... when ... 正打算做…… 这时……
be on the point of doing ... when ... 正要…… 这时……
had just done ... when ...刚做了…… 这时（突然） ……
我正在欣赏通知栏的照片， 突然背后传来一个声音。
将下列句子补充完整。
(1) 我们正在电影院看一部新电影时，突然灯灭了。
We ______________ a new movie in the theatre
_______ suddenly the light went out.
(2) 他刚上床睡觉，就在那时电话响了。
He ______________ to bed ________ the telephone
rang.
(3) 他正要告诉我这个秘密，这时有人拍了下他的肩膀。
He ______________ me the secret ________
someone patted him on the shoulder.
were watching
when
had just gone
when
was about to tell
when
2. When my English teacher stepped into the classroom, I was surprised to see the same man I had met earlier.
译文：
when引导 _______________，意为 ___________。
be surprised to do sth 对……感到吃惊
be + adj + to do 结构中，to do 往往表示产生这种特性或情绪的原因。
当我走进教室的时候，我惊讶地发现他竟是我早上遇到的那个人。
时间状语从句
当...时候
将下列含有“when”的句子译为汉语。
(1) The campus was still quiet when I arrived, so I
decided to explore a bit.
(2) I was organising my words in my head when the
girl next to me gave me a nudge.
当我到达学校的时候，校园里还是静悄悄的，我决定去探寻一番。
我正在大脑里组织语言时，这时邻座的女孩轻推了我一下。
此句中，I had met为__________，修饰_________，省略了关系词________。
the same ... as / that 结构中， as / that引导定语从句，区别在于：
1）the same ... as 意为“和……一样/ 相似”，as所指代的人、物与先行词是同一类。
2）the same ... that 意为“就是......”，that 所指代的人、物与先行词是同一个。
将下列句子译为汉语。
(3) This is the same watch as I lost yesterday.
(4) This is the same watch that I lost yesterday.
定语从句
the same man
that
这和我昨天丢的那块表很像。
这就是我昨天丢的那块表。
3. With butterflies in my stomach, I breathed deeply.
译文：
have butterflies (in one’s stomach) = have a nervous feeling before doing sth（做某事前）心慌，紧张
with butterflies in my stomach用了“with + 宾语 + 宾补”的结构，表示伴随状况，即作伴随状语。with的复合结构除作伴随状语外还可以作原因状语、条件状语、方式状语、定语和补足语。
我紧张地深吸一口气。
形容词 / 副词
介词短语（表方式或伴随状态）
with + 宾语 + 现在分词（表主动）
过去分词（表被动）
不定式（表将来）
根据with复合结构的用法填空。
(1) The teacher came into the classroom
___________________ (他手里拿着书).
(2) With spring _____________ (come), the trees
turned green.
(3) With his key _____________ (lose), he had to stay outside.
(4) With important things _____________ (discuss)
with you, you must stay here.
with a book in his hand
coming
lost
to discuss
4. You must have had some moments when you were disappointed.
译文：
must have done 表示对过去某件事情肯定的猜测，译为“想必 / 准是 / 一定做了”
其他 “情态动词+ have done” 的用法：
（1）should/ought + have done 表示过去应该做某事而未做，意为“本应该做...”。
（2）may/might + have done 表示对过去情况不肯定的推测， 意为“也许做过”, 常用于肯定句。
你一定有一些感到失望的时刻。
单句语法填空
(1) I regretted that I only told Sally how to get there, but perhaps I should ___________(write) it down for her.
(2) The policemen must______________(investigate)
the matter for a long time. They were so familiar with it.
(3) Don’t let him copy your paper. Tell him that he
should ______________(study) hard.
完成/翻译句子
(4) Sorry, Marry isn’t here. She _________________
to work out. 她可能去健身房锻炼了。
(5) 昨晚肯定下雨了，（因为）路很泥泞。
have written
have investigated
have studied
may have gone to the gym
It must be rained last night, for the road is quite muddy.
单句语法填空
1. They set up a scientific organization
______________(explore) the unknown world.
2. Your art skills are excellent, which leaves me a deep______________(impress)．
3. I wonder ______________you could give me some advice.
4. After class, the students left the classroom one
______________ one.
5. Every person present is impressed _______his
speech.
6. I’m one of the ______________ (organize) of this
community activity.
7.______________ my view, it's a much better choice.
to explore
impression
whether/if
by
with/by
organizers
In
8. When we have made a decision, we should
go______________ out for it.
9. The term “cat slaves” refers ______________
people who adore their cats in cat culture
among young people.
10. I catch sight ______________ my friend in the
crowd.
11. After ______________ (graduate), he set up his
own business.
12. He is eager to have an opportunity
______________ (have) a holiday.
all
to
of
graduation
to have
13. He is a man of high ______________ (intelligent)．
14. It was such a challenging job that no one would like to apply ______________ it.
15. Martha is looking forward to ______________
(graduate) from university because she wants to land a job to support her family.
16. My first view of the island from the air took my
______________ (breathe) away.
17. The application of 5G in ______________(vary)
fields encourages the growth of the digital economy.
intelligence
for
graduating
breath
various
课文语法填空
On my first day of senior high school, I woke up early and rushed out of the door in my 1. __________ (eager) to get to know my new school. I 2. _________ (look) at the photos on the notice board when I heard a voice behind me. Turning 3. _________ I saw an older man. He was very kind and 4. __________(encourage) me. Finally I was surprised 5. _________(find) he was my English teacher. He asked us to introduce ourselves one
eagerness
was looking
around
encouraged
to find
6._________one. When I introduce 7._________(I), everyone started laughing because I shared the same name with my teacher. But I was too nervous 8. _________(pay) attention when he introduced himself. He told us that 9._________(challenge) were normal and we should make the most of our time. It was a good 10._________(begin) to my new school life.
by
myself
to pay
challenges
beginning
Lisa is talking with an 1. ______________ (interview) about her senior high school. She feels as if high school 2. ______________ (be) only yesterday. She thinks Orientation Day is a fantastic opportunity 3. ______________ (get) to know the school and the other students. She kept 4.______________ open mind and took part in 5. ______________much as possible. When she met with difficulties, she went all out and tried again and again. Once
interviewer
was
to get
an
as
she wasn’t 6. ______________ (select) for the end of year competition. At first she felt disappointed but 7. ______________ (late) she realized she joined the team not for 8. ______________ (win) but for the love of the sport. Looking back at her high school life, she thinks the 9. ______________ (important) advice is to give your friend a hand when they need 10. ______________.
selected
later
winning
most important
it