人教版九年级全册Unit 6 When was it invented？SectionA Grammar focus 4a-4c 课件(共39张PPT)

(共39张PPT)
When was it invented
Unit 6
第三课时：Section A
(Grammar Focus-4c)
同学们，上一课学习的单词你们都掌握了吗？现在大家来检验一下，点击下面的音频开始听写吧！
Unit5已经学习了一般现在时的被动语态，这节课我们一起来学习一下一般过去时的被动语态。
When was the zipper invented？ It was invented in 1893.
Who was it invented by？ It was invented by Whitcomb Judson.
When was tea brought to Korea？ It was brought to Korea during the 6th and 7th centuries.
What is the hot ice cream scoop used for？ It’s used for serving really cold ice cream.
Active Voice：Alexander Graham Bell invented the telephone in 1876.
Passive Voice：The telephone was invented (by Alexander Graham Bell) in 1876.
Grammar Focus
根据课本内容，完成下列句子。
1. 拉链是什么时候被发明的？
______ _____ the zipper ________
2. 它于1893年被发明。
It ______ _________ in 1893.
was invented
When was invented
Grammar Focus
3. 它是由谁发明的？
______ _____ it invented ______
4. 它是由惠特科姆 贾得森发明的。
It ____ ________ ___ Whitcomb Judson.
5. 茶叶什么时候被带到朝鲜去的？
_____ ______ tea _________ to Korea
6. 是在六到七世纪之间被带到朝鲜。
It _____ _______ to Korea ________the 6th and 7th centuries.
was invented by
When was brought
was brought during
Who was by
Grammar Focus
7. 热冰淇淋勺用来做什么？
What ___ the hot ice-cream scoop
_____ ____
8. 它用来挖很冷的冰淇淋。
It’s _____ ____ ______ really cold
ice-cream.
used for serving
is
used for
Grammar Focus
9. 贝尔于1876年发明了电话机。
Alexander Graham Bell _________ the telephone in 1876.
10. 电话机在1876年被贝尔所发明。
The telephone _____ ________ ___ Alexander Graham Bell in 1876.
invented
was invented by
Grammar Focus
一般现在时的被动语态中讲到的“被动语态的用法”和“如何将主动语态(含“主+谓+宾”句型的句子)变为被动语态”同样适用于一般过去时的被动语态，不同的只是这两种时态的被动语态的“构成”，所以这里我们重点讲解一般过去时的被动语态的构成(was / were +及物动词的过去分词)及在各种句式中的运用。
Grammar
一般过去时的被动语态
一般过去时的被动语态的构成：was/were＋及物动词的过去分词。
魔法
记忆
被动语态用法顺口溜：
一般过去时，被动用be＋done；
be形式有两种，主单was主复were；
疑问提前be，否定be后not挤。
语法讲解
判断时态是一般现在时还是一般过去时。
考点 1
考向
判断是一般现在时的被动语态还是一般过去时的被动语态。
典例
—Why didn’t you go to the New Year’s party last Friday
—Because I ________.
A．was invited　　B．wasn’t invited
C．didn’t invite
B
【点拨】句意：——上周五你为什么没有参加新年晚会？——因为我没有被邀请。上句提到了last Friday，所以应用一般过去时的被动语态。wasn’t invited一般过去时的被动语态的否定形式。
被动语态结构中的be用was还是用were。
考点 2
考向
主语的单复数决定be用was还是用were。
典例
So many trees and beautiful flowers ________ in this area in 2014. (恩施)
A．were planted　
B．was planted
C．are planted
A
【点拨】本题用主谓一致法解题。根据句子的时间状语in
2014可知本句应用一般过去时，主语trees and flowers是复
数，be应用were。
在主动语态中make，see等动词后接省略to的不定式作宾语补足语，变成被动语态时，不定式符号to要还原。
考点 3
典例
Though he often made his little sister ________， today he was made ________by his little sister.
A．cry；to cry 　　 　 B．crying；crying
C．cry；cry D．to cry；cry
【点拨】本题用语法判定法解题。make 用作及物动词，意为“使，让”，在主动语态中其后要跟省略to的不定式作宾语补足语，而在被动语态中，to不能省去。
A
典例
Old people weren’t ________ good ________ in the past.
A．take；care of　　B．taken；care
C．took；care D．taken；care of
【点拨】考查固定短语。take care of照顾，照料，在被动
语态中不能漏掉介词。
D
在主动语态中，动词短语中的介词在变为被动语态时，仍要跟在原动词之后。
考点 4
主动语态若有双宾语，变为被动语态时，间接宾语(人)和直接宾语(物)都可变为主语，动词后一般要用相应的介词与其搭配。
eg：He gave me a book. (改为被动语态)
A book was given to me by him.
I was given a book by him.
考点 5
魔法记忆
变被动语态的口诀：宾提前变主，主变介by宾；谓语be 加done，时态看主动。如遇双宾语，最好变间宾；若要变直宾，间宾前加to/for。主动中省to的不定式，被动中to加上。
魔法
记忆
Rewrite the sentences using the passive voice.
4a
1．They sold the fridge at a low price .
The fridge was sold at a low price.
2．Somebody stole my camera from my hotel room.
________________________________________________
3．Where did you take these photos
___________________________________________
My camera was stolen from my hotel room by somebody.
Where were these photos taken by you
4．Our parents advised us not to go out alone.
_______________________________________________
5．Different writers translated the book into different languages.
______________________________________________
______________________________________________
We were advised not to go out alone by our parents.
The book was translated into different languages
by different writers.

at a low price 以低价
知识点
考向一
eg：This sweater is on sale at a low price.
这件毛衣正以低价出售。
low形容词，意为“低的”。
eg：She jumped over the low wall.
她跳过了那堵矮墙。
1
low 低 主语是价格，不能是物品本身
high 高
cheap 廉价；便宜的 主语不能是价格，必须是物品本身
expensive 昂贵的；
花钱多的
“高低贵贱”的用法：
拓展【易错点】
eg：(温州中考)Today in Tokyo the lowest temperature is
16℃， and the highest is 28℃.
今天东京的最低气温是16℃，最高气温是28℃。
The price of this watch is very high.
这只表的价格很高。
The price of this book is not low for me.
这本书的价格对我来说不低。
This watch is expensive.
这只表很贵。
This cloth doll is very cheap.
这个布娃娃很便宜。
典例
At present, the price of the houses in Urumqi________ than before. I can afford ________ a large one. (乌鲁木齐)
A．are cheaper；to buy　B．is cheaper；buy
C．are lower；buy D．is lower；to buy
【点拨】本题用分析句意法解题。句意：现在，乌鲁木齐
市房子的价格比以前低， 我可以负担得起买一套大房子。
the price of the houses作主语，应用low或high表示，且谓语动词用单数。afford to do sth.负担得起做某事。
D
translate /tr ns'le t/ v．翻译
知识点
考向【重点】
translate... into ...意为“把……翻译成……”，既可用于主动语态中，也可用于被动语态中。
eg：Don’t translate everything into Chinese
when you read English articles.
当你阅读英语文章时，不要把所有的东西都
翻译成汉语。
2
(常州中考) Will the book be translated into English
as soon as possible
这本书会尽快翻译成英文吗？
典例
Do you know Mo Yan His books ________ into English a few years ago.
A．were translated　 　B．translated
C．are translated D．translates
【点拨】本题用语法判定法解题。句意：你知道莫言吗？
他的书几年前被翻译成英文。本句为被动语态，根据句
中的时间状语a few years ago可知用一般过去时。　
A
translation n. 翻译
translator n. 翻译家
拓展
Complete the sentences with the correct forms of the verbs in the box.
4b
eat　 lock　 like　 ring
invite　break　tell　 bring
1．You ____________ to the party last night，weren’t
you？Why didn’t you go
2．The earthquake happened all of a sudden，but luckily
the villagers _____________ to a safe place.
were invited
were brought　
3．The door __________ when we arrived，so we ________ the
bell.
4．The students ________ not to eat or drink in class，but Ruby
________ the rule when she started eating a biscuit in science
class.
5．The cookies ___________ by the hungry kids in less than
20 minutes，and they really ________ them.
rang
was locked
were told
were eaten
liked
【点拨】第一处应是tell sb. not to do sth.的被动式。
broke
eat　 lock　 like　ring
invite　break　tell　bring
4c
Decide whether active or passive forms should be used in these sentences. Write the correct forms in the blanks.
The telephone ____________ (invent) by Alexander Graham Bell. He ________(born) in 1847.Mr.Bell ________(work) on the invention of the telephone with Thomas Watson. In 1875，Mr. Bell _____________ (learn) how to send musical notes through an instrument
was invented
was born
worked
learned/learnt
similar to a telephone. Finally，the telephone ___________
(invent) in 1876.The first sentence that ________(say) on
the telephone by Mr. Bell was “Mr. Watson，come here；
I want to see you.” Today the telephone ________(use)
around the world.
was invented
was said
is used
一、单项选择
1．(防城港) —Who’s the little girl in the photo
—It’s me. The photo ________ 10 years ago.
A．took B．is taken
C．has taken D．was taken
【点拨】本题用语境判断法解题。主语是动作的承受者，用被动语态，由10 years ago可知用一般过去时的被动语态，由“was/were＋动词的过去分词”构成。故选D项。
D
2．(中考·杭州)To my great surprise, the famous
athlete’s story ________ differently in the
newspapers.
A．was reported B．reported
C．was reporting D．reports
A
【点拨】本题用分析句子成分法解题。story和report之间
属于被动的关系。
3.(中考·威海) —Tom! I looked for you
everywhere at the party last night.
—Oh, I ________ to the party.
A．am invited B．was invited
C．am not invited D．wasn’t invited
D
【点拨】本题用正确把握语境法解题。“昨晚我在聚会上
没找到你”最好的解释是“我没有去，因为我没有受到
邀请”。
4．(上海) $30，000 ________ for a children’s
hospital by a British girl several months ago.
A．is raised B．was raised
C．will be raised D．has been raised
B
【点拨】本题用语境判断法解题。句意：几个月以前，一个英国女孩为一个儿童医院筹集了三万多美元。根据后面的several months ago，及句意可知应该用一般过去时的被动语态。故选B。
5．(黄石) —Have you watered those flowers, Tim
—No. But they ________ by my grandpa yesterday
morning.
A．have been watered B．had been watered
C．were watered D．were watering
【点拨】本题用语境判断法解题。根据句意可判断：主语they(它们)指花，应该是被浇水，故用被动语态。由句中的时间状语yesterday morning可知用一般过去时的被动语态，即助动词were＋过去分词watered。故选C。
C
二、把下列句子改为被动语态
6．People grow rice in the southern part of China.
Rice ________ ________ in the southern part of
China by people.
【点拨】考查一般现在时的主动语态和被动语态的转换。一般现在时的被动语态的基本结构：am/is/are＋及物动词的过去分词。
is grown　
7．Dad bought me an MP5 player a few days ago.
An MP5 player ________ ________ ________
________ a few days ago by Dad.
【点拨】考查一般过去时的被动语态。注意buy sb. sth. 转化后是buy sth. for sb.结构。
was bought for
me 　
8．Mr Black wrote an English letter just now.
An English letter ________ ________ by Mr Black
just now.
【点拨】考查一般过去时主动和被动语态的转换。注意write的过去分词是written。
was written
9．My aunt gave me a book on my birthday.
①I ________ ________ a book on my birthday by my
aunt.
②A book ________ ________ ________ me on my
birthday by my aunt.
【点拨】考查一般过去时主动和被动语态的转换。含有
双宾语的主动句变为被动句时，若把间接宾语变为被动
句的主语，则把直接宾语变为被动句的宾语；若把主动
句的直接宾语变为被动句的主语，间接宾语前须加介词to。
was given　
was given to
10．Yesterday I noticed Jim play soccer in the yard.
Yesterday Jim ______ ________ ______ ______
________ in the yard by me.
【点拨】考查一般过去时主动和被动语态的转换。当主动句中的谓语动词是hear, make, notice等时，其后作宾语补足语的动词不定式要省略to，但变为被动句时，要补上不定式符号to。
was noticed to play
soccer
本节课主要学习了一般过去时的被动语态的结构和用法，了解了中考对这类题的考查角度，掌握了这类题的做题方法。