人教版（2019）必修第一册 Unit 5Languages around the world 单词详解课件（23张PPT）
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| 名称 | 人教版（2019）必修第一册 Unit 5Languages around the world 单词详解课件（23张PPT） |  | |
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| 科目 | 英语 | ||
| 更新时间 | 2022-11-14 07:03:24 | ||
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(共23张PPT)
Unit 5
words and expressions
refer
( referred , referred ; referring )vt. 提到；参考；查阅以查询；叫......求助于．
常用搭配
refer to 指的是；描述；提到；查阅
refer to .. as ..…将...称为...
While giving the English speech , one is not allowed to refer to the notes ．参赛选手在进行英语演讲时不允许查看纸稿。
This incident in his childhood is never again referred to ．他小时候的这件事再也没有被提起过。
All his classmates referred to him as “ Black Beard ”．他的同学都称他为“黑胡子”。
联想词
reference ．指称关系；参考；查阅；查看；提及
a reference book 参考书；工具书
在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
1. When I said some people were stupid , I wasn’t ( refer ) to you .
2. He gave the speech without ( refer ) to his notes .
3. You’ d better write down the phone number of that restaurant for future ( refer ).
4. He likes to be referred to “ Doctor Wu ”.
as
referring
referring
reference
based adj ．以（某事）为基础的；以．..．为重要部分（或特征）的
computer - based teaching 计算机化教学
a Paris - based company 总部设在巴黎的公司
联想词 base vt．以．....．为据点；把（总部等）设在（常用于被动语态）；以．...．为基础 n ．底部；根据；基地；底座；基础；基础成分
be based in .．总部位于………
base .. on / upon ..以...．为基础；以....．为根据（被动形式be based on / upon .…)
Both firms are based in Kent ．两家公司的总部都设在肯特郡。
Many students believe the choice of their majors and universities should be based on their own interest ．许多学生他们对专业和大学的选择应该基于他们自己的兴趣。
based
basic adj ．基础的；基本的；根本的
A knowledge of her upbringing is basic to an understanding of her books ．了解她的成长背景是理解她作品的基础
basically adj ，基本上；总的说来
在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
1. Where is your company ( base ) in
2. Their current marketing strategy ( base ) on a study of consumer spending .
3.I attended a course in ( base ) computer skills .
4. The film is based famous novel .
based
is based
basic
on/upon
date back ( to ..…）追溯到；始于
用法归纳
① date back to 相当于 date from ，只能用于主动语态，不能用于被动语态和进行时，但可用其现在分词形式作定语、补语和状语等；谈论现存的某物或建筑时，虽然其可能出现或建造于过去某一时期，但仍用一般现在时。
② date back to 后面接一个具体的时间，而 date back 后面接时间段。
The canal has a long history , dating back to the Sui Dynasty .这条运河历史悠久，始建于隋朝。
The history of self - knowledge can date back over 2,000 years ．自我认识的历史可以追溯到两千多年前。
The custom dates from / dates back to the time when man wore swords ．这一习俗始于人类佩刀剑的时期。
拓展 date n ，日助；约会，vt.确定年代；写上日期 vi .& vt. ．与（某人）谈恋爱 vi ．过时
fix / set a date for 确定……·的日期 out of date 过时的 up to date 最新的：时髦的
I can’t date the carving exactly . but it must be very old ．我风不出这件雕劇品的确切年代，但它肯定年代很久.
Make sure you sign and date it at the bottom ．确保在底部蠢名并写上日期。
The dictionary is out of date : Many words have been added to the language since it was published ．这本词典过时了，自它出版以来，这门语言增加了许多新词。
特别注意 date from 和 date back ( to ）在高考中常考查其非谓语动词形式 dating from / dating back ( to )，在句中多作定语或状语。
On the top of the hill stands an old temple dating back to 700 years ago .山顶上直工有一坐可以迢溯到700年以前的古庙.
Stonehenge is one of the world ' s most famous prehistoric monuments dating back over >,000 years .巨石阵是世界上最箸名的史前遗迹之一，口则以追溯到五千多年前
Dating from / Dating back o 1980s, our friendship gave both us pleasure ，我们的友谊开始于20世纪80年代，它给我们两人都带来了快乐。
一、在空白处填入括号内单词的正确形式。
1. In China , the compass ( date ) back thousands of years .
2. Every year , a great many visitors come to visit the temple ( date ) from the 12th century , which has brought a large income .
二、用 date back to 或 date back 的正确形式填空。
1. This family tradition hundreds of years .
2.The church the 18th century .
三、根据汉语提示补全句子。
1.This building （追溯到）1823.
2. This book is （最新的）
3. This kind of computer has been （过时的）。
dates
dates back
dating
dates back to
dates back to /dates from
up to date
out of date
symbol n .[ C ］符号；象征；记号
A list of symbols used on the map will be given in the index .这份地图所使用的符号将全部列在索引中。
常用搭配 a / the symbol of ......．的象征
I frequently use the sunflower as a symbol of belief ．我经常用向日葵来作为信念的象征。
联想词 symbolic adj ．象征性的 symbolise vt.象征；代表；用符号表示
易混词 含义
例句
symbol n 象征；符号 The whale , like the dolphin , has become a symbol of the marvels of creation ．鲸和海豚一样，已经成为造物奇迹的象征。
signal n ．信号；暗号；信号灯 At an agreed signal they left the room ．一收到约定的信号，他们就离开了房间。
sign n.标牌；迹象 The gloomy weather shows no signof improvement .阴沉的天气没有丝毫转睛的迹象。
mark n .（显示质量、带有他的印记的每制造者或所有者等的）标记 Any piece of silver bearing his mark is extremely valuable .一件银器都极有价值。
variety n. [C] （植物、语言等）变体；异体；种类；品种；[U]多样化；变化
Apples come in a great many varieties ．苹果的品种繁多。
she didn’t like the work because it lacked variety , and she as doing the same things all the time ．她不喜欢这项工作因为它缺乏变化，她一直都在做着同样的事
常用搭配 a variety of / varieties of 各种各样的（后接可数名词复数或不可数名词，谓语动词的数根据其所修饰的名词判定）
the variety of .......的种类（后接名词复数，作主语时谓语用单数）
Make sure that as you go from interview to interview , you are getting a variety of answers .确保当你进行一次次采访的时候，你会得到各种各样的答案。
联想词 vary v．相异；不同；变化；改变
vary from ... to ..．从…到…不同
various adj ．各种各样的
在空自处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单调的正确形式。
1.there are also ( variety) developed to suit specific local conditions .
2. There is a wide ( various ) patterns to choose from .
3. Opinions ( variety) from person.
4. Teachers assign homework for ( vary ) purposes.
5. The variety of goods in this shop ( be ) rich .
6. Varieties of food (be) sold at the supermarket .
varieties
vary
to
variety
various
is
is
major
adj ．主要的；重要的；大的
a major road 干道
the major portion 主要的部分
“ Major operation 大手术（可能危及生命）
We have encountered major problems ，我们遇上了大问题。
n.主修课程；主修科目：主修学生
She’s French major ，她是法语专业的学生
vi 主修 ; 专门研究
常用搭配 major in sth. 主修...
She majored in maths and physic at university ,她在大学主修教学和物理。
联想词 majority 大部分;大多数
the majority of ..．大多数………
be in the majority 占（大）多数
在空白处填入 I 个适当的词或括号内单词的正确形式。
1. Among the members of the committee those who favoured the proposed change were in majority ,so the scheme was passed .
2. The student , (major) in economics at college , made a comment on this matter .
3. She ( major ) in management . That is , her major is management .
the
majoring
majors
means 方式：方法；途径；手段：工具
He explored ways and means of solving the problem ,他寻找解决这个问题的方法。
Radio and the telephone are important means of communication .无线电通信和电话是重要的通信手段。
means 单复数同形，注意其作主语时谓语动词数的变化。
All useful means have been adopted ．所有有用的办法都已被采用。
The quickest means of travel is by plane ．最快的出行方式是乘飞机。
常用搭配 by means of .．通过．..．手段／方法
by all means 当然可以；一定，务必，无论如何
by any means 想方设法
By no means = not by any means = in no way = in no case 决不 (放在句首时句子部分倒装）
by this means = in this way 用这种方法
We express our thoughts by means of words ．我们用话语来表达思想。
-Can I come and have a look at your house ？我可以过来看看你的房子吗？
-By all means (= Certainly )．当然可以。
By no means can you think of getting good grades by cheating .你决不能想着通过作弊来取得好成绩。
易混辨析approach , way , means , method 与 manner
易混词 含义及用法
常用搭配
approach 指待人接物或思考问题的方式、方法；尤指学习、研究、解决问题的方法和步骤的统称 An approach to (doing) sth.
way 普通常用词，指做集事或达成某事的方法，也可指某事发生的方式 the way to do sth / of doing (in) way
means 指整套的方法或某些工具、材料、交通工具等，单复数同形 by meansof ; the means of doing sth ;
Meansof transportation （交通工具）
method 指有条理、系统的方法，或做某事的固定方式 teaching methods ;
a method Of/for (doing) sth.
manner 指方式、方法，较为正式 in a ( n ).. manner
用approach , way , means , method ， manner填空
1. Several of transportation are available to you .
2.A new to the treatment of cancer was discovered recently .
3.Why are you talking in such a strange ？
4.Three different to the study of maths were discussed by our group after the final class of yesterday .
means
approach
manner/way
approaches
appreciate vt.欣赏；重视；感激；领会（不用于进行时）
vi．增值
She didn’t appreciate the difficulties we were facing .她不了解我们所面临的困难。
Her abilities are not fully appreciated by her employer .她的才干没有得到雇主的充分赏识。
Most investments are expected to appreciate at a steady rate .大多数投资预计会平稳增值。
常见用法 I would appreciate it if ..(= I would be grateful if ...）如果.....，我将不胜感激。
I would appreciate it if you can help me find the missing dog .如果你能帮我找到走丢的小狗，我将不胜感激。
特别注意 appreciate 与 thank 都表示“感激”。 appreciate 后接事物或行为； thank 后接人。
联想词appreciation n ．欣赏；感激；领会；增值
struggle n .[ C ］斗争；奋斗；搏斗；挣扎；努力
The people of this country will continue with their struggle for independence ．这个国家的人们将会继续为争取独立而奋斗。
The police said there were no signs of a struggle ．警方说没有搏斗的痕迹。
常用搭配 a struggle for ..为．..．的斗争
a struggle for freedom 为自由而斗争
vi.斗争；奋斗；搏斗；艰难地（向某处）行进；挣扎；努力；争论
I struggled through the mud with the heavy bags ．我背着几个沉重的包吃力地走过泥沼。
Two boys are struggling together on the grass ．两个男孩正在草坪上扭打着。
常用搭配
struggle to do sth. 努力做某事；艰难地做某事
struggle against 与……作斗争；在…的（不利）情况下挣扎
struggle for 为．....．而斗争／挣扎；争抢．.....
struggle with 与……搏斗／斗争
struggle to one ’ s feet 挣扎着站起来
struggle through 艰难地走过／渡过.....
equal
equality n .[ U ］平等
equally adj 相同地；平均地
unequal adj 不平等的；不相等的
n ．同等的人；相等物
We should all be equals in the eyes of the law ．在法律面前我们都应是平等的。
常用搭配
be without equal 最杰出；首屈一指
He is a player without equal ．他是个首屈一指的运动员。
She should be as free and equal as others ，她应和其他人一样自由、平等。
adj ．相同的；同样的；平等的；能胜任的
常用搭配 be equal to sth. 相当于某事物
be equal to ( doing ) sth. 能胜任（做）某事（ to 是介词）
The rent is equal to half his monthly income ．这租金相当于他半个月的收入。
Bill is equal to running the department .比尔有能力管理这个部门。
常用搭配 equal sb. / sth. ( in ..)（在．...．方面）比得上某人／某物
With his last jump he equaled the world record ．他的最后一跳平了世界纪录。
demand n ．要求；需求
常用搭配 a demand for ..．对．....的需求
satisfy / meet one ’ s demands 满足某人的需求 in demand 需求大；受欢迎
Well before the arrival of freezers , there was a demand for ice for food preservation and catering ．在冰柜出现之前，食物保存和餐饮业都需要冰。
Her books are in great demand at the moment .她的书目前非常畅销。
vt ．强烈要求；需要
This sport demands both speed and strength ．这项运动既需要速度也需要体力.
常见用法 demand to do sth. 要求做某事
demand that ..．要求．.....（从句谓语用“ should ＋动词原形”, should 可以省略）
She demands to know what ’ s going on .她要求知道发生了什么事情。
The UN has demanded that all troops be withdrawn ．联合国已要求撤出所有部队。
联想词 demanding adj ．要求高的；费力的；苛求的
Get the technology that has proven to help the most demanding customers ．获得这项已被证明能帮助要求最高的顾客的技术。
relate v .
① 把．...．联系起来；使有联系；认同，理解
常用搭配 relate sth. to sth. 将某物与另一事物联系起来
relate to sb. / sth. 谈到／涉及某人／某事；理解；体恤
The report related high wages to labour shortages ．这份报告把高薪与劳动力短缺联系在一起了。
We shall discuss the problem as it relates to our interests ．我们将要讨论这个问题，因为它涉及我们的利益。
The culture that he describes is so different from mine that I sometimes find it hard to relate to ．他所描述的那种文化和我所在的文化如此不同，以至于有时我觉得很难理解。
② 讲述；叙述
常用搭配 relate sth to sb 和某人讲述／叙述某事
He related the facts of the case to journalists ．他给记者们讲述了这件事的相关事实。
联想词
( un ) related adj .（不）相关的
be ( un ) related to 与………（不）相关
The amount of time spent watching television is not related to the reading ability ．花在看电视上的时间与阅读能力无关。
relation n ．亲戚；（事物之间的）关系；（常用复数）（国家、公司、组织等之间的）（正式关系；联系，交往
a close / near / distant relation 近亲／远亲
break of ( all ) relations with one ’s family 与某人的家庭断绝（一切）关系
in relation to 关于；涉及
relationship n .（人或团体之间的）关系；（事物之间的）关联
Thanks
Unit 5
words and expressions
refer
( referred , referred ; referring )vt. 提到；参考；查阅以查询；叫......求助于．
常用搭配
refer to 指的是；描述；提到；查阅
refer to .. as ..…将...称为...
While giving the English speech , one is not allowed to refer to the notes ．参赛选手在进行英语演讲时不允许查看纸稿。
This incident in his childhood is never again referred to ．他小时候的这件事再也没有被提起过。
All his classmates referred to him as “ Black Beard ”．他的同学都称他为“黑胡子”。
联想词
reference ．指称关系；参考；查阅；查看；提及
a reference book 参考书；工具书
在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
1. When I said some people were stupid , I wasn’t ( refer ) to you .
2. He gave the speech without ( refer ) to his notes .
3. You’ d better write down the phone number of that restaurant for future ( refer ).
4. He likes to be referred to “ Doctor Wu ”.
as
referring
referring
reference
based adj ．以（某事）为基础的；以．..．为重要部分（或特征）的
computer - based teaching 计算机化教学
a Paris - based company 总部设在巴黎的公司
联想词 base vt．以．....．为据点；把（总部等）设在（常用于被动语态）；以．...．为基础 n ．底部；根据；基地；底座；基础；基础成分
be based in .．总部位于………
base .. on / upon ..以...．为基础；以....．为根据（被动形式be based on / upon .…)
Both firms are based in Kent ．两家公司的总部都设在肯特郡。
Many students believe the choice of their majors and universities should be based on their own interest ．许多学生他们对专业和大学的选择应该基于他们自己的兴趣。
based
basic adj ．基础的；基本的；根本的
A knowledge of her upbringing is basic to an understanding of her books ．了解她的成长背景是理解她作品的基础
basically adj ，基本上；总的说来
在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
1. Where is your company ( base ) in
2. Their current marketing strategy ( base ) on a study of consumer spending .
3.I attended a course in ( base ) computer skills .
4. The film is based famous novel .
based
is based
basic
on/upon
date back ( to ..…）追溯到；始于
用法归纳
① date back to 相当于 date from ，只能用于主动语态，不能用于被动语态和进行时，但可用其现在分词形式作定语、补语和状语等；谈论现存的某物或建筑时，虽然其可能出现或建造于过去某一时期，但仍用一般现在时。
② date back to 后面接一个具体的时间，而 date back 后面接时间段。
The canal has a long history , dating back to the Sui Dynasty .这条运河历史悠久，始建于隋朝。
The history of self - knowledge can date back over 2,000 years ．自我认识的历史可以追溯到两千多年前。
The custom dates from / dates back to the time when man wore swords ．这一习俗始于人类佩刀剑的时期。
拓展 date n ，日助；约会，vt.确定年代；写上日期 vi .& vt. ．与（某人）谈恋爱 vi ．过时
fix / set a date for 确定……·的日期 out of date 过时的 up to date 最新的：时髦的
I can’t date the carving exactly . but it must be very old ．我风不出这件雕劇品的确切年代，但它肯定年代很久.
Make sure you sign and date it at the bottom ．确保在底部蠢名并写上日期。
The dictionary is out of date : Many words have been added to the language since it was published ．这本词典过时了，自它出版以来，这门语言增加了许多新词。
特别注意 date from 和 date back ( to ）在高考中常考查其非谓语动词形式 dating from / dating back ( to )，在句中多作定语或状语。
On the top of the hill stands an old temple dating back to 700 years ago .山顶上直工有一坐可以迢溯到700年以前的古庙.
Stonehenge is one of the world ' s most famous prehistoric monuments dating back over >,000 years .巨石阵是世界上最箸名的史前遗迹之一，口则以追溯到五千多年前
Dating from / Dating back o 1980s, our friendship gave both us pleasure ，我们的友谊开始于20世纪80年代，它给我们两人都带来了快乐。
一、在空白处填入括号内单词的正确形式。
1. In China , the compass ( date ) back thousands of years .
2. Every year , a great many visitors come to visit the temple ( date ) from the 12th century , which has brought a large income .
二、用 date back to 或 date back 的正确形式填空。
1. This family tradition hundreds of years .
2.The church the 18th century .
三、根据汉语提示补全句子。
1.This building （追溯到）1823.
2. This book is （最新的）
3. This kind of computer has been （过时的）。
dates
dates back
dating
dates back to
dates back to /dates from
up to date
out of date
symbol n .[ C ］符号；象征；记号
A list of symbols used on the map will be given in the index .这份地图所使用的符号将全部列在索引中。
常用搭配 a / the symbol of ......．的象征
I frequently use the sunflower as a symbol of belief ．我经常用向日葵来作为信念的象征。
联想词 symbolic adj ．象征性的 symbolise vt.象征；代表；用符号表示
易混词 含义
例句
symbol n 象征；符号 The whale , like the dolphin , has become a symbol of the marvels of creation ．鲸和海豚一样，已经成为造物奇迹的象征。
signal n ．信号；暗号；信号灯 At an agreed signal they left the room ．一收到约定的信号，他们就离开了房间。
sign n.标牌；迹象 The gloomy weather shows no signof improvement .阴沉的天气没有丝毫转睛的迹象。
mark n .（显示质量、带有他的印记的每制造者或所有者等的）标记 Any piece of silver bearing his mark is extremely valuable .一件银器都极有价值。
variety n. [C] （植物、语言等）变体；异体；种类；品种；[U]多样化；变化
Apples come in a great many varieties ．苹果的品种繁多。
she didn’t like the work because it lacked variety , and she as doing the same things all the time ．她不喜欢这项工作因为它缺乏变化，她一直都在做着同样的事
常用搭配 a variety of / varieties of 各种各样的（后接可数名词复数或不可数名词，谓语动词的数根据其所修饰的名词判定）
the variety of .......的种类（后接名词复数，作主语时谓语用单数）
Make sure that as you go from interview to interview , you are getting a variety of answers .确保当你进行一次次采访的时候，你会得到各种各样的答案。
联想词 vary v．相异；不同；变化；改变
vary from ... to ..．从…到…不同
various adj ．各种各样的
在空自处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单调的正确形式。
1.there are also ( variety) developed to suit specific local conditions .
2. There is a wide ( various ) patterns to choose from .
3. Opinions ( variety) from person.
4. Teachers assign homework for ( vary ) purposes.
5. The variety of goods in this shop ( be ) rich .
6. Varieties of food (be) sold at the supermarket .
varieties
vary
to
variety
various
is
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major
adj ．主要的；重要的；大的
a major road 干道
the major portion 主要的部分
“ Major operation 大手术（可能危及生命）
We have encountered major problems ，我们遇上了大问题。
n.主修课程；主修科目：主修学生
She’s French major ，她是法语专业的学生
vi 主修 ; 专门研究
常用搭配 major in sth. 主修...
She majored in maths and physic at university ,她在大学主修教学和物理。
联想词 majority 大部分;大多数
the majority of ..．大多数………
be in the majority 占（大）多数
在空白处填入 I 个适当的词或括号内单词的正确形式。
1. Among the members of the committee those who favoured the proposed change were in majority ,so the scheme was passed .
2. The student , (major) in economics at college , made a comment on this matter .
3. She ( major ) in management . That is , her major is management .
the
majoring
majors
means 方式：方法；途径；手段：工具
He explored ways and means of solving the problem ,他寻找解决这个问题的方法。
Radio and the telephone are important means of communication .无线电通信和电话是重要的通信手段。
means 单复数同形，注意其作主语时谓语动词数的变化。
All useful means have been adopted ．所有有用的办法都已被采用。
The quickest means of travel is by plane ．最快的出行方式是乘飞机。
常用搭配 by means of .．通过．..．手段／方法
by all means 当然可以；一定，务必，无论如何
by any means 想方设法
By no means = not by any means = in no way = in no case 决不 (放在句首时句子部分倒装）
by this means = in this way 用这种方法
We express our thoughts by means of words ．我们用话语来表达思想。
-Can I come and have a look at your house ？我可以过来看看你的房子吗？
-By all means (= Certainly )．当然可以。
By no means can you think of getting good grades by cheating .你决不能想着通过作弊来取得好成绩。
易混辨析approach , way , means , method 与 manner
易混词 含义及用法
常用搭配
approach 指待人接物或思考问题的方式、方法；尤指学习、研究、解决问题的方法和步骤的统称 An approach to (doing) sth.
way 普通常用词，指做集事或达成某事的方法，也可指某事发生的方式 the way to do sth / of doing (in) way
means 指整套的方法或某些工具、材料、交通工具等，单复数同形 by meansof ; the means of doing sth ;
Meansof transportation （交通工具）
method 指有条理、系统的方法，或做某事的固定方式 teaching methods ;
a method Of/for (doing) sth.
manner 指方式、方法，较为正式 in a ( n ).. manner
用approach , way , means , method ， manner填空
1. Several of transportation are available to you .
2.A new to the treatment of cancer was discovered recently .
3.Why are you talking in such a strange ？
4.Three different to the study of maths were discussed by our group after the final class of yesterday .
means
approach
manner/way
approaches
appreciate vt.欣赏；重视；感激；领会（不用于进行时）
vi．增值
She didn’t appreciate the difficulties we were facing .她不了解我们所面临的困难。
Her abilities are not fully appreciated by her employer .她的才干没有得到雇主的充分赏识。
Most investments are expected to appreciate at a steady rate .大多数投资预计会平稳增值。
常见用法 I would appreciate it if ..(= I would be grateful if ...）如果.....，我将不胜感激。
I would appreciate it if you can help me find the missing dog .如果你能帮我找到走丢的小狗，我将不胜感激。
特别注意 appreciate 与 thank 都表示“感激”。 appreciate 后接事物或行为； thank 后接人。
联想词appreciation n ．欣赏；感激；领会；增值
struggle n .[ C ］斗争；奋斗；搏斗；挣扎；努力
The people of this country will continue with their struggle for independence ．这个国家的人们将会继续为争取独立而奋斗。
The police said there were no signs of a struggle ．警方说没有搏斗的痕迹。
常用搭配 a struggle for ..为．..．的斗争
a struggle for freedom 为自由而斗争
vi.斗争；奋斗；搏斗；艰难地（向某处）行进；挣扎；努力；争论
I struggled through the mud with the heavy bags ．我背着几个沉重的包吃力地走过泥沼。
Two boys are struggling together on the grass ．两个男孩正在草坪上扭打着。
常用搭配
struggle to do sth. 努力做某事；艰难地做某事
struggle against 与……作斗争；在…的（不利）情况下挣扎
struggle for 为．....．而斗争／挣扎；争抢．.....
struggle with 与……搏斗／斗争
struggle to one ’ s feet 挣扎着站起来
struggle through 艰难地走过／渡过.....
equal
equality n .[ U ］平等
equally adj 相同地；平均地
unequal adj 不平等的；不相等的
n ．同等的人；相等物
We should all be equals in the eyes of the law ．在法律面前我们都应是平等的。
常用搭配
be without equal 最杰出；首屈一指
He is a player without equal ．他是个首屈一指的运动员。
She should be as free and equal as others ，她应和其他人一样自由、平等。
adj ．相同的；同样的；平等的；能胜任的
常用搭配 be equal to sth. 相当于某事物
be equal to ( doing ) sth. 能胜任（做）某事（ to 是介词）
The rent is equal to half his monthly income ．这租金相当于他半个月的收入。
Bill is equal to running the department .比尔有能力管理这个部门。
常用搭配 equal sb. / sth. ( in ..)（在．...．方面）比得上某人／某物
With his last jump he equaled the world record ．他的最后一跳平了世界纪录。
demand n ．要求；需求
常用搭配 a demand for ..．对．....的需求
satisfy / meet one ’ s demands 满足某人的需求 in demand 需求大；受欢迎
Well before the arrival of freezers , there was a demand for ice for food preservation and catering ．在冰柜出现之前，食物保存和餐饮业都需要冰。
Her books are in great demand at the moment .她的书目前非常畅销。
vt ．强烈要求；需要
This sport demands both speed and strength ．这项运动既需要速度也需要体力.
常见用法 demand to do sth. 要求做某事
demand that ..．要求．.....（从句谓语用“ should ＋动词原形”, should 可以省略）
She demands to know what ’ s going on .她要求知道发生了什么事情。
The UN has demanded that all troops be withdrawn ．联合国已要求撤出所有部队。
联想词 demanding adj ．要求高的；费力的；苛求的
Get the technology that has proven to help the most demanding customers ．获得这项已被证明能帮助要求最高的顾客的技术。
relate v .
① 把．...．联系起来；使有联系；认同，理解
常用搭配 relate sth. to sth. 将某物与另一事物联系起来
relate to sb. / sth. 谈到／涉及某人／某事；理解；体恤
The report related high wages to labour shortages ．这份报告把高薪与劳动力短缺联系在一起了。
We shall discuss the problem as it relates to our interests ．我们将要讨论这个问题，因为它涉及我们的利益。
The culture that he describes is so different from mine that I sometimes find it hard to relate to ．他所描述的那种文化和我所在的文化如此不同，以至于有时我觉得很难理解。
② 讲述；叙述
常用搭配 relate sth to sb 和某人讲述／叙述某事
He related the facts of the case to journalists ．他给记者们讲述了这件事的相关事实。
联想词
( un ) related adj .（不）相关的
be ( un ) related to 与………（不）相关
The amount of time spent watching television is not related to the reading ability ．花在看电视上的时间与阅读能力无关。
relation n ．亲戚；（事物之间的）关系；（常用复数）（国家、公司、组织等之间的）（正式关系；联系，交往
a close / near / distant relation 近亲／远亲
break of ( all ) relations with one ’s family 与某人的家庭断绝（一切）关系
in relation to 关于；涉及
relationship n .（人或团体之间的）关系；（事物之间的）关联
Thanks