高中英语语法冠词课件（25张ppt）

(共25张PPT)
Grammar : the definite article, indefinite article and zero article
定冠词的用法与位置
the definite article
使用范围 示例
上文已经提到的人或物 He bought a house. I’ve been to the house.
世界独一无二的事物，但这些名词前有修饰成分时可以用不定冠词。 the earth; the sun; the sky; the moon; the world; the universe
A brilliant red sun; a clear blue sky
表示具体的地点，方位 in the east/ south/ west/ north
用在某些形容词前使之名词化，表示一类人或物 the poor; the rich; the wounded; the living, the young
表示自然现象名词前 The weather; the climate; the wind
表示乐器,文娱场所前 play the violin/ piano/ guitar
在某项发明单数名词前 Who invented the telephone, the wheel and the computer
使用范围 示例
在序数词和形容词最高级前 George Washington was the first President of the USA.
用在姓氏复数形式前， 表示一家人或夫妻俩 The smiths love watching gymnastics competitions.
用在“越…越…”结构之中 The busier he is, the happier he feels.
用在世纪或逢十的复数年代前 in the 19th century, in the 1980s= in the 1980’s
用在抓/ 打/拉/牵人体某部位名词前 hit sb. on the head/ nose/ shoulder/ back
用于表示计量的名词前， 以…计算；按…计算 by the dozen/ton/pound ; by the month/ week/day/hour
用于某些专有名词前 the Great Wall; the United Nations; the Red Cross
特殊用法：
（1）用于表示世纪年代朝代的名词以及逢十的复数数词前（指某个年代）。如：
In the 1990s 在20世纪90年代 the Qing Dynasty 清朝
（2）在“动词”（take/catch/pat/hit/…）+sb . + 介词（by/in/on ）+ the+名词（身体的某一部位）结构中，名次前要用定冠词the， 而不用物主代词。
He took her by the hand.
（3）用在时间/或度量单位的名词前。 如by the hour/day/week/month/dozen/yard/ton/kilo,但是size/weight/time这类不可数名词跟by 连用时不加冠词。
其他用法：
在说及整个类属的名词前 The tiger is in danger of dying out.
用在形容词比较级前 He is the older of the two brothers.
用在only, right, same, very之前，just 之后 This is the very book that I am eager to read.= This is the book that I am eager to read.
在表示特指的某个季节的名词前用定冠词 in the spring of 1949
表示节假日等名词前与festival 连用时 the Mid-autumn Festival the Spring Festival
在表示语言的名词时，与language一词连用须用the The English language(英语这种语言)
用适当的冠词填空
1. Corn production has jumped nearly 125 percent over _____past 25 years, while rice has increased only 7 percent.
2. In the summer holiday following my eighteenth birthday, I took driving lessons. I still remember how hard _____first day was.
3. This included digging up the road, laying the track and then building a strong roof over ____top.
4. I just heard _____bank where Dora works was robbed by ____gunman wearing a mask.
the
the
the
the
a
Exercise:
The biggest whale is _____blue whale, which grows about 29meters long ---the height of _____9-storey building.
This is ______classroom where often take French classes.
Thanksgiving Day is on ______4th Thursday in November.
The parents were shocked by _____news that their son needed ______operation on his knee.
I woke up with ______headache, yet by _____evening the pain had gone.
Life is like _____ocean: Only a strong-willed can reach the other shore.
the
the
the
the
the
the
a
a
the
用适当的冠词填空
零冠词的用法与位置
zero article
使用范围 示例
1. 表示某一类人或事物的复数名词前 We must tell friends from enemies.
2.表示家人称谓或称呼时 Mother is not at home.
3. 不含有普通名词的专有名词前（包括人名，地名，国名，车名，街名，公园等） The building stands on Lincoln Street.
4. 当抽象，物质名词表示一般概念泛指时 Failure is the mother of success.
5. 当名词前有指示代词，不定代词或名词所有格时 Paul remembers one of his first lessons from this teacher.
6. 在表示季节，月份，日期，星期等名词前 in spring, in January on Sunday, on February 12th, 1809
使用范围 示例
7. 在表示节日，假日等名词前 We must tell friends from enemies.
8. 在表示三餐的名词前 have breakfast/ lunch/ supper
9. 在表示球类棋类运动的名词前 Play basketball/ football/ tennis/ volleyball
10. 在表示学科，语言的名词前 We have geography, politics, physics, and so on.
11. 用表示运输，通讯等方式时 By ship/ air/ plane/ bus/ bike/ train/ sea/ hand/ land/ road
12. 在表示只有一人担任的头衔或职务名词在句中作表语/同位语/补语或介词的宾语时，以及表示头衔职位的名词与姓氏连用时 We elected him president of the society.
其他用法： 示例
1. 当man 表示人类及man （男人）和women（女人）用以代表全体时用零冠词 Man can’t live without water.
2. Kind(sort, type)of + 名词，其前不用冠词 Those sort of dogs are really dangerous.
3. 表示自然现象名词前nature 前不加冠词the Play basketball/ football/ tennis/ volleyball
4. 在日夜各个时段前 at day break/ sunrise/ sunset/ dawn/ noon/ dark/ night/ midnight;
at/by/ before/after 4o’clock
其他用法： 示例
5. in + 书写工具/颜料时 Please write in pen/ ink/ pencil/red/black
6. turn, go作“变为，成为”解时， 后面的名词前不用冠词 He was a medical student before he turned writer.
7. 在一个以“普通名词+ as/ though”开始的让步状语从句中，名词前不加冠词 Child as he is, he knows a lot about computer.
8. 有些用于表示计量的抽象名词前不用the By weight/volume(按重量/体积计算) ; by dozens, by hundreds, by inches
1. India attained ______independence in 1947, after ____long struggle. （全国I卷）
A. 不填;a B. the; a C. an;不填 D. an; the
2. Sam has been appointed ______manager of the engineering department to take _____place of George.
/;/ B. the; / C. the; the D. /; the （重庆高考）
3. The most amazing thing about _____nature is its creation of human beings.
A. a B. an C. / D. the
单项选择
1. Take your time—it’s just_____short distance from here to_____restaurant. （山东卷2011）
A.不填；the B. a; the C. the; a D.不填；a
2. As he reached ________front door, Jack saw_______strange sight.（全国）
A. the;不填 B. a; the C.不填a D. the; a
3. Dr.Peter Spence,______headmaster of the school, told us, “ ______fifth of pupils here go on to study at Oxford and Cambridge.”（全国卷）
A. 不填；A B.不填；The C.the; The D.a; A
4. Many lifestyle patterns do such____great harm to health that they actually speed up___weakening of the human body.
A. a; / B. /; the C. a; the D. /; /

单项选择
不定冠词的用法与位置
indefinite article
使用范围 示例
1. 用在可数名词前泛指一类人或物 A teacher must love his students.
2.表示“每一”相当于per， 用于某些表示时间，重量，长度等单位前 500 dollars a ton; four times a day
60 miles an hour; a couple (dozen, score…)
3. a + most 表示“很”“非常” Though it is the most interesting book in these books, it is not a most interesting one.
4. a +序数词，表示“再一”“又一” You can try it a second time if you fail.
5. 表示“同一”， Paul remembers one of his first lessons from this teacher.
6. 在表示季节，月份，日期，星期等名词前 in spring, in January on Sunday, on February 12th, 1809
使用范围 示例
6. 在表示季节，月份，日期，星期等名词前 in spring； in January on Sunday；on February 12th, 1809
7. 在表示季节，月份，日期，三餐前等名词前有修饰语时 We had a wonderful lunch at that wedding party.
8. 首次提到的可数名词单数前 There is man and animal at the gate. The man is Tom and the animal is Tom’s dog.
9.在so, as, too, how, that+形容词后 He is so famous a poet that he is admired by others
其他用法：
a(n)+ 名词,作表语（表职业） Mr. Smith is a professor.
He turned sailor (不用冠词)after he grew up=He became a sailor after he grow up.
2.在half, many, quite, rather, such后 Half a dozen of apples, many a flower, quite a good idea, rather a clever boy, such a funny expression
3. 当物质名词具体化，表示一（类，阵，份）等意思时 The people in China like tea, and green tea is a wonderful tea.
4. 当抽象名词具体化即表示一具体的人或事时 The sports meet was a great success.
5. 固定短语中： a great deal of 许多 have a cold着凉 all of a sudden突然地 in a hurry匆忙地 once upon a time从前
1. Brian is gifted in writing music; he is very like to be _____Beethoven.
a B.an C.the D. 不填
2. Like many things in life, it’s _____ongoing process, and the best part of the process is that there’s enough room for improvement, which means you’ll just keep getting better and better.
3. As_____result, people will eat more food to try to make up for that something missing.
4. But unlike her school friends, 16-year-old Sarah is not spending half-term resting. Instead, she is earning $6,500 a day as _____model in New York.
an
a
a
1. We can never expect ____bluer sky unless we create ___less polluted world.
A. a; a B. a; the C. the; the D. the; a
2. George couldn’t remember when he first met Mr Anderson, but he was sure it was _____Sunday.
A. / B. the C. a D. an
3. Lesson 10 is _____most difficult lesson, but it isn’t ____most difficult lesson in Book One.
A. a; a B. a; the C. the; the D. the; a
4. I wonder how it feels to be one of _____really rich. The Browns already have two Rolls_Royce and now they are buying ____third.
　　A. the ; a B. the; the C. /; a D. /; the
单项选择:
As the kid, I loved to watch cartoons but no matter how many times I asked to watch them, my parents would not let me.
During my last winter holiday, I went to countryside with my father to visit my grandparents.
The paper is due next month, and I am working seven days
the week, often long into the night.
The “Chinese Dream” is a dream to improve people’s well-being and the dream of harmony, peace and development.
As is known to all, People’s Republic of China is the biggest developing country in the world.
单句改错:
a
the
a/per/every
the
the
Exercise
Pat was a poor Irishman with __ large family, and on one moring, waking up early from cold and hunger, he decided to fo shooting in a wood near his cottage.
____wood belonged to Lord Northwood, ___rich gentleman. Pat had no right to go there, but there were lots of rabbits and flocks of birds, which were good to eat, so Pat decided to take a risk. Suddenly he saw ___owner, with _____group of friends, coming towards him in the wood. There was ____look of anger on Lord Northwood’s face when he saw the gun in Pat’s hands. Pat’s heart sank with fear, but he saw there was no hopeof escape, so he walked bravely up to them and asked.
用适当的冠词填空。（短文一）
a
The
a
a
the
a
“ Good morning” sir, and what has brought you out so early this morning ” Lord Northwood, rather surprised, said he and his friends were taking____little exercise to get_____appetite for their breakfast. Then looking at Pat, he said, “ But why are you out so early in _____morning ”
“Well, sir,” Said Pat, “I just came out to see if I could get ____good breakfast for my appetite.” The whole crowd burst into laughter at Pat’s ready wit（头脑机敏）. With a smile Lord Northwood walked on, leaving Pat to try his luck with the rabbits.
a
an
the
a
Over 500 years ago, ____ man designed _____a flying machine. ____clever man was _____Italian. He was called Leonardo da Vinci. In _____1480, Leonardo da Vinci wrote to the ruler of ____Milan to ask for work. He said he was ___good painter and ____sculptor. He also designed bridges. He made weapons, too. He even invented machine guns. Eventually he got ___job in Milan as ___musician. He was good at everything he tried. We remember him today, however, as ____artist. He is one of ____greatest artists in ____world.
用适当的冠词填空。（短文二）
a
a
The
an
/
a
/
/
a
a
an
the
the
You may have heard of___ ___picture called Mona Lisa. He painted that. While he was in Milan, He painted ____special picture. He draw it on the wall of ___ monastery dining room. Many people said that this picture was ____greatest one ever painted. It’s called the Last Super. Da Vinci worked hard at painting ______ pictures. Often he worked all day and never stopped to eat or drink. He walked about _____ city of Milan with _____notebook in his hand. He drew pictures of people in the street. He also watched ____ way birds and insects flew. He wanted to know how everything worked.
a/ the
the
the
the
a
the
a
a