高考英语语法专题讲与练之专题十一 状语从句（含答案）
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高考英语语法专题讲与练 专题十一 状语从句
状语从句分类
状语从句名称 连接词
时间状语从句 when, as, while, whenever, after, before, till/until, since, once, as soon as/the moment, by the time, no sooner…than, hardly…when, every time等
地点状语从句 where和wherever
条件状语从句 if, unless, as long as, on condition that, if only(=if)
原因状语从句 because, since, as, now that(既然)
结果状语从句 so that(从句谓语动词一般没有情态动词), so…that, such…that
目的状语从句 so, so that(从句谓语常有情态动词), in order that, in case(以防，以免)
让步状语从句 although, though, as(常用倒装结构), even if/though, however, whatever, whether…or, no matter who(when, what, where…)等
比较状语从句 than, as…as, the more…the more
方式状语从句 as, as if/though, the way, rather than等
一、时间状语从句
1. while, when, as引导时间状语从句时的区别
(1) while引导的状语从句中谓语动词必须是持续性动词。谓语动词多为进行时或状态动词的一般时。此时可与when互换。如：
Please keep quiet while/when others are studying. 当别人正在学习时，请保持安静。
(2) when除可指一段时间外，还可用来指时间点，等于“at the time”，即when引导的时间状语从句中的谓语动词可以是瞬间的，也可以是持续性的。因此主句和从句的谓语可以是一般时、进行时或完成时。如：When I went into the lab, the teacher was doing an experiment. (when不能换成while) 当我走进实验室时，老师正在做实验。
(3) as常可与when, while通用，但as强调“一边……一边……”。如：
As (When/While) I was walking down the street, I noticed a police car. 当我沿着大街散步时，我注意到一辆警车。
(4) when有时代替if，引导条件句，意为“如果，假如”。如：
I will come when(if) I am fine. 如果我有空，我就会来。
2. till, until引导时间状语短语或状语从句，用于否定句时，结构为not…until，主句谓语动词延续与非延续皆可，意为“直到……才……”；用于肯定句时，主句谓语动词需用延续性动词，表示“到……为止”。如：
They played(延续性动词) volleyball until/till it got dark. 他们打排球直到天黑才结束。
They didn’t talk(延续性动词) until/till the interpreter came. 直到口译员来了他们才开始谈话。
He didn’t go to bed(非延续性动词) until/till his father came back. 直到他父亲回来他才睡觉。
注意：(1) until可以放在句首，till则不行。如：Not until he finished his work did he go home.(倒装)直到完成工作他才回家。(2) till, until只用于表时间，以下句子是错误的：We walked till the edge of the forest. (till必须改为as或to) 我们走到了森林的边缘。
二、地点状语从句
引导地点状语从句的连词是where和wherever。如：Make a mark where you have question. 在你有问题的地方做记号。 Sit wherever you like. 坐在你喜欢的地方。
三、条件状语从句
条件状语从句分真实性（有可能实现的事情）与非真实性（条件与事实相反或者在说话者看来不太可能实现的事情）条件句。引导条件状语从句的词(组)主要有if, unless, as long as, on condition that, if only(=if)。值得注意的是，条件状语从句中的if不能用whether替换。如：
If he is not in the office, he must be out for lunch. 如果他不在办公室，那一定是出去吃午饭了。
You may borrow the book as long as you keep it clean. 你可以借这本书，只要你让它保持干净。
四、原因状语从句
because, since, as引导原因状语时注意使用上的区别：
1. 如果原因是构成句子的最主要部分，一般用because，因此because引导的从句往往放在句末。用why提问的句子，一定用because回答。如：He had to stay at home yesterday because he was ill. 昨天他必须呆在家里，因为他病了。
2. 如果原因已为人们所知，或不如句子的其他部分重要，就用as或since，since比as更正式些。as和since引导的从句一般放在句子的开头。如：
As you are tired, you had better take a rest. 你累了，最好休息一下。
Since everyone is here, now let’s begin. 大家都到齐了，现在开始。
五、结果状语从句
结果状语从句是表示事态结果的从句，通常主句表原因，从句表结果。结果状语从句通常由so that（从句谓语一般没有情态动词），so…that, such…that等引导。如：
He was so excited that he jumped from the sofa. 他如此激动以至于他从沙发上跳了下来。
六、目的状语从句
引导目的状语从句最常用的词（组）是so, as that(从句谓语常有情态动词), in order that, in case(以防，以免)等。如：Speak clearly, so that they may understand you. 说清楚些以便他们能理解。
He left early in case he should miss the train. 他尽早地离开，以防误了火车。
七、让步状语从句
让步状语从句可由although, though, as, even if/though, however, whatever, whether…or, no matter who/when/what…等引导。值得注意的是as引导的让步状语从句一般用倒装。如：
Child as he is, he knows a lot. 尽管他还是个孩子，他却知道很多。
Whatever (=No matter what) you say, I will never change my mind. 不管你说什么，我都不会改变主意。
八、比较状语从句
比较状语从句常用than, as…as, the more…the more等引导。如：
I have made a lot more mistakes than you have. 我犯的错误比你犯的多得多。
The busier he is, the happier he feels. 越忙他觉得越快乐。
九、方式状语从句
方式状语从句常由as, as if(though), the way, rather than等引导。如：
You must do the exercise as I show you. 你必须按照我教你的去做练习。
He acted as if nothing had happened. 从他的举止行为看，似乎什么也没发生过。
附加说明：使用状语从句时要注意的几个问题
1. 在时间和条件（有时也在方式、让步等）状语从句中，主语用一般将来时，从句通常用一般现在时表示将来。如：I will write to you as soon as I get to Shanghai. 我一到上海就写信给你。
2. 在有些时间、地点、条件、方式或让步状语从句中，如果从句的主语与主句的主语一致（或虽不一致，但是it），从句的谓语又包含动词be，就可省略从句中的“主语+be”部分。如：
If (you are) asked, you may come in. 如果你被邀请了，你就可以进来。
If (it is) necessary, I will explain to you again. 如果有必要，我会再给你解释一次的。
3. 注意区分不同的从句：引导的是什么从句，不仅要根据连词，还要根据句子结构和句意来判别。以where为例：
You are to find it where you left it. （地点状语从句）你会在你放它的地方找到它。
Tell me the address where he lives. （定语从句，句中有先行词）告诉我你住的地址。
I don’t know where he came from. （宾语从句）我不知道他来自哪里。
Where he has gone is not known yet. （主语从句）他去了哪里还不知道。
This place is where they once hid. （表语从句）这里就是他们曾经藏过的地方。
3. as作从属连词可引导多种状语从句。
(1) as引导时间状语从句，意为“当……时”，如：
He sang as he worked. 当他工作的时候，他会唱歌。
(2) as引导方式状语从句，意为“像……一样”，如：
We must do as the party teaches us. 我们必须像那个聚会教我们的那样做。
(3) as引导原因状语从句，意为“由于”，如：
As you are late, you had better wait. 由于你迟到了，你最好等一下。
(4) as引导让步状语从句，意为“虽然，尽快”。常用倒装结构。如：
Child as he is, he can do it well. (=Although he is a child, he can do it well.) 尽管他是个孩子，他却能把它做好。
(5) as作为关系代词还可以引导定语从句。如：I have such books as you like. 我有你喜欢的书。
考点练透
1．Without a doubt, engaging in physical activity is one of the most important things, __________not the most important thing, that a person can do to enhance best functioning.
2．____I could say a word, she had rushed out of the room.
3．________ hard you try, it is difficult to lose weight without cutting down the amount you eat.
4．It wasn’t ______ 1106 that Thomas Twining founded the world’s first dry tea and coffee shop in London.
5．Over time, _____ the population grew, people began cutting food into small pieces.
6．In the forest, sound is the best means of communication over distance ________ in comparison with light, it won’t be blocked by trees when travelling.
7．________ case you’re wondering, here’s why mobile data are so expensive in South Africa when compared with other countries.
8．Many of life’s failures are experienced by people who did not realize how close they were to success ________ they gave up.
9．China’s Silk Road Economic Belt, ________ accomplished, will quicken the economic growth of the countries along the route.
10．Sometimes it’s hard to accept the truth ________ the lie sounds so much better.
11．Lessons can be learned to face the future, ________ history cannot be changed.
12．—How about travelling abroad this winter holiday, just for a change
—OK. ________you want.
13．Man cannot discover new oceans ________ he has the courage to lose sight of the shore.
14．________ many of us today take the television for granted, it’s actually one of the greatest inventions of the 20th century.
15．________ they are extremely talented, it can be really hard for models with just a few years’ experience to impress the big brands and win opportunities.
16．Any offender shall be brought back and brought to justice even ________he/she may flee abroad.
17．Most people have to get to a point where they don’t have a choice ________they will change something.
18．The man hid himself behind the door waiting so________ no other people could see him negotiating with his manager about his promotion.
19．When you start to run longer, you will start to eat to fuel your body, and may even find that you need to eat more food every day ________you did when you were overweight.
20．France has been on lockdown since March 17, preventing anyone from leaving their home ________they are key workers or they go out to buy food or medicine.
21．I always tell them when I’m going out clubbing. ________ they know what I’m doing, they’re fine with it.
22．In Japan, they are so pessimistic about the country’s future ________ they are avoiding material possessions.
23．Do foreigners not understand British humor or are the British just not so funny ________ they think they are
24．______ the truth, Franklin did make contributions to the study of electricity.
25．He didn’t formally retire ______ last December. Then he flew to Italy to visit his daughter.
26．Word borrowing tends to happen ________ there is no suitable word for an object or idea in the native tongue.
27．Before departure, the two young men agreed to meet there again twenty years later, ________ their conditions might be.
28．He is so busy. He cannot afford enough time with his son even________he wants to.
29．________he once felt like giving up, he now has the determination to push further and keep on going.
30．I was really surprised that the workers could build it so well ________ even today it is not out of style.
31．Catherine and David always smiled at him and politely said hello to him when they met, ________ his reaction was.
32．________ the series’ success might have a good side, many teachers and parents are worried.
33．She says that she'll have to close the shop.________ business improves.
34． ________the job takes a significant amount of time, most students agree that the experience is worth it.
35．What matters is spending quality time with their children, ________tight their schedule is.
36．When the servants brought the steak ,he took out a fork and began to eat ________people did in Italy.
37．Qiang Shuping was so busy making cloth shoes ________she didn't even rest during the Dragon Boat Festival holiday.
38．Many women experience a time of sadness _________ they give birth to a baby.
39．________ or not you agree, the saying does reflect its vital role in the city's evolution(演变).
40．Every day Mei watched them ________ they flew, which helped him to develop the expressive eye movements that were so important to his art.
41．Natural bird habitats are most commonly found ________ there is an ample supply of water for drinking, swimming, and bathing.
42．________ he wants to convey,the writer is expected to be good at summarization and Chinese to produce a couplet with a few characters that is excellent in both content and language.
43．________you can sleep well, you will lose the ability to focus, plan and stay motivated after one or two nights.
44．One of the earliest-known inventions is the bow and arrow, which is still used throughout the world today, 15, 000 years ________ it was first invented.
45．________ he worked very hard, he didn’t finish the task on time.
46．They are ________ interesting books that I want to read them once more.
47．He liked it ________ much that he quickly walked into the shop.
48．Located ________ the Belt meets the Road, Jiangsu will contribute more to the Belt and Road Initiative.
49．Mark needs to learn Chinese ________ his company is opening a branch in Beijing.
50．The boy was so tired ________ he fell asleep on the bus.
51．___ the numbers of such developments are relatively small, the market in the future is large.
52．I’ve never seen such a thing before; it is not half ______ wide as it is long.
53．Tom is so independent that he never asks his parents’ opinion ________ he wants their support.
54．The doctor was certain I would test positive for coronavirus, but gave me the option to test ________ I wanted to know for sure. I opted to be tested.
55．________ the average age of the population increases, there are more and more old people to care for.
56．One can always manage to do more things, no matter ________full one's schedule is in life.
57．________ there is determination and hope, there is solution to the problems.
58．There are several reasons for sleep. We sleep________we need to dream.
59．________there was no conclusive evidence，most people thought he was guilty.
60．Let's not pick these peaches until this weekend so________they get sweet enough to be eaten.
61．One has reason to believe that China's anti corruption over the past few years, tough________it is, has achieved inspiring progress.
62．On our way to the house, it was raining __________ hard that we couldn’t help wondering how long it would take to get there.
63．The young man disappeared into the crowd ________ I could express my thanks to him.
64．The Great Wall is ________ well-known a tourist attraction that millions of people go there every year.
65．The bus is always so crowded in the morning ________he has to stand on the way to work.
66．Something unpleasant must have happened to him if he didn't smile ________he always did.
67．His plan was such a good one ________ we all agreed to accept it.
68．I was having breakfast with my three children _________ water started filling my home.
69．But he had no time for his dream ________ his work kept him too busy.
70．Her balance is ______ good that she can help to stabilize the board for the kids.
71．The dinoflagellate is so tiny ______ 6，000 of these organisms may be contained in a single drop of water.
72．______most kids were going to the movies on weekends, George preferred to design his own special projects.
73．______he wants to convey, the writer is expected to be good at summarization and Chinese to produce a couplet with several characters that is excellent in both content and language.
74．It is difficult for you to show no respect for him in the heart ______ you have ever loved Kobe or not.
75．The game system will remind players the time they have been playing and young players will be forced to log out ______ the time is up.
76．A new study sheds light on what’s going on inside our brains ______we match our music to our feelings.
77．He knew that cholera would not be controlled ______its cause was found.
78．We must learn by using the language. ______we are satisfied with only a few rules we have memorized, we are not really learning the language.
79．The fear is that ______we don’t start taking this litter out of the sky soon, it will become a significant threat to active satellites.
80．A car crash left Ian, a six-year-old boy, with brain damage. ______ he had loved surfing before the accident, he was too nervous to go back into the water.
81．Pahlsson screamed______ loudly that her daughter came running from the house.
82．Senior citizens are the first to come to our mind when you think of hearing loss, but in a recent report,hearing professionals worry teenagers will soon outnumber aging adults ______ it comes to living with hearing loss.
83．They put on protective suits and gloves______they entered the building.
84．This could be bad news if you still primarily use cash, ______ that’s how you pay your bills or how you budget.
85．________ it cried，she rocked it back and forth and gave it little comforting pats.
86．Mr. Smith had to go to work by bus this morning ________ his car was being repaired.
87．I’m sorry to inform you that you can’t take possession of the property ________ the contract is signed.
88．______long it takes, we are determined to finish the task.
89．I was writing a letter to my pen friend in the US ________ the light went out.
90．Some news will excite their readers instantly________others won't.
91．________ you had paid more attention to your study, you would have passed the exam.
92．It was not long ________a helicopter arrived on the scene to rescue the survivors of the plane crash.
93．Yes, but it is not as easy________you imagine.
94．________scientists have learned a lot about the universe, there is much we still don't know.
95．________regular exercise is very important, it's never a good idea to exercise too close to bedtime.
96．The firefighters were about to give up rescuing _________a weak voice came out of the ruins.
97．Wuhan lies ______________ the Changjiang River and The Han river meet.
98．I had hardly sat down on the train and opened a bar of chocolate _______ a really old man with huge bags sat down across from me.
99．Much ____________ I admire his courage, I don’t think he acted wisely.
100．If it ________an interesting film, we'll see it tomorrow. (be)
参考答案：
1．if
【详解】考查连词。句意：毫无疑问，参加体育活动如果不是最重要的事情，也是最重要的事情之一，一个人可以参加体育活动来提高最佳功能。not the most important thing是is one of the most important things的前提条件，所以应用if引导条件状语从句，此处省略it is，it代指engaging in physical activity。故填if。
2．Before
【详解】句意：我还没来得及说话，他就冲出了房间。此处表示“在……之前”，故填Before。
3．However##No matter how
【详解】考查状语从句。句意：不管你怎么努力，不减少你的食量是很难减肥的。此处表示“无论如何、不管怎样”，故填However/No matter how。
4．until
【详解】考查连词。句意：直到1106年，托马斯·特温才在伦敦创建了世界上第一家干茶和咖啡店。分析句子结构，本句使用强调句句型“it was not until...that...”，not...until...表示“直到……才……”，所以空处应用连词until。故填until。
5．as##when
【详解】考查时间状语从句。句意：随着时间的推移，人口不断增长，人们开始将食物切成小块。分析句子结构，空处引导时间状语从句，表示“随着/当……时候”，应用as/when引导从句。故填as/when。
6．because
【详解】考查原因状语从句。句意：森林中，声音是远距离交流的最好方法，因为与光相比，声音不会在传播过程中被树阻挡。结合语意，“与光相比，它不会在传播过程中被树阻挡”与“声音是远距离交流的最好方法”之间是因果关系，所以此处应用表原因的连词because。故填because。
7．In
【详解】考查目的状语从句。句意：以防你想知道，以下解释了为什么南非与其他国家相比，其移动数据如此昂贵。结合句意“以防”，此处应用in case引导目的状语从句。句首字母要大写。故填In。
8．when
【详解】考查时间状语从句。句意：有些人在放弃时并没有意识到自己离成功有多近，他们会经历很多人生中的失败。结合语意，此处应用when引导时间状语从句。故填when。
9．once
【详解】考查状语从句。句意：中国丝绸之路经济带一旦建成，将加快沿线国家的经济增长。分析句子可知，句子为条件状语从句，空格处单词引导从句，从句主语和主句主语一致且谓语动词中含有“be”，故省略了从句主语和谓语动词中的“be”，根据句意可知，应用“once”引导从句，意为“一旦”。故填once。
10．because##as##since
【详解】考查状语从句。句意：有时候事实真相很难接受，因为谎言往往要顺耳多了。根据句子结构和句意可知，前后两句是因果关系，所以用从属连词because/as/since(因为)连接，引导原因状语从句。故填because/as/since。
11．though##while##although
【详解】考查连词。句意：尽管历史不能改变，但为了面对未来，我们还是要从历史中学会教训。分析句子结构，设空处应用连词引导让步状语从句。结合句意，连词while或although或though可以用来表示让步和转折。故填while或although或though。
12．whatever
【详解】考查状语从句。句意为：——这个寒假出国旅游怎么样，只是为了换换口味？——好的，随便你。根据句子结构和句意可知，这是一个省略句，此处用连接代词whatever引导让步状语从句，其意为“无论什么”，在从句中做宾语。故填whatever。
13．unless
【详解】考查连词。句意：人类无法发现新的海洋，除非他有勇气忽视海岸。分析句子，设空处应用连词引导条件状语从句。结合句意，“除非，如果不”应用连词unless。故填unless。
14．While##Although##Though
【详解】考查状语从句。句意：虽然我们今天很多人认为电视是理所当然的，但它实际上是20世纪最伟大的发明之一。引导让步状语从句，表示“虽然”应用while、although或though，句首单词首字母要大写。故填While/Although/Though。
15．Unless
【详解】考查条件状语从句。句意：除非他们极有天赋，否则对于仅有几年经验的模特来说，很难给大公司留下深刻印象并赢得机会。结合语意，they are extremely talented是it can be really hard for models with just a few years’ experience to impress the big brands and win opportunities这种情况不成立的条件，所以此处应用unless，意为“除非，如果不”，表条件。句首字母要大写。故填Unless。
16．if##though
【详解】考查让步状语从句。句意：任何违法者都必须被逮捕回国内并且对其进行法律制裁，即使他/她可能潜逃到国外。结合语意，he/she may flee abroad是对Any offender shall be brought back and brought to justice的让步，所以此处应填if或though，与even构成even if和even though，意为“即使”，表示让步。故填if或though。
17．before
【详解】考查状语从句。句意：多数人都要经历一种走投无路的时刻，才会做出改变。根据“get to a point where they don’t have a choice ”和“they will change something”可知，句子表示“多数人都要经历一种走投无路的时刻，才会做出改变”，before在状语从句中表示“……才……”的意思。故填before。
18．that
【详解】考查目的状语从句。句意：这个男人躲在门背后等待着，以便没有人能够看到他和他的经理商量着升职的事。结合句意，no other people could see him negotiating with his manager about his promotion是The man hid himself behind the door waiting的目的，所以此处应用so that引导目的状语从句。故填that。
19．than
【详解】考查连词。句意：当你开始跑步更长时间时，你会开始吃东西来为你的身体提供能量，甚至可能会发现你每天需要吃的食物比你超重时多。分析句子结构，设空处应用连词。结合句意及空前more可知，此处表示比较，应用than引导比较状语从句。故填than。
20．unless
【详解】考查条件状语从句。句意：法国从3月17日就开始封锁了，任何人都不能离开家，除非他们是主要劳动者，或者他们是出去购买食物或药品。结合语意，they are key workers or they go out to buy food or medicine是preventing anyone from leaving their home这种情况不成立的条件，所以此处应用unless，意为“除非，如果不”，表条件。故填unless。
21．As long as
【详解】考查状语从句。句意：只要他们知道我在做什么，他们就不会介意。引导条件状语从句，表示“只要”应用as long as，句首单词首字母要大写。故填As long as。
22．that
【详解】考查结果状语从句。句意：在日本，他们对国家的未来如此悲观，以至于他们不追求物质财富。根据固定句型“so…that”意为“如此……以至于”可知，此空应填连词that，构成结果状语从句。故填that。
23．as
【详解】考查连词。句意：是外国人不懂英式幽默，还是英国人真的不像他们自己认为的那样有趣？根据“just not so funny”和“they think they are”可知此处要用连词，短语so...as...意为“与……一样”。故填as。
24．Whatever
【详解】考查让步状语从句。句意：不管真相如何，富兰克林确实对电学的研究做出了贡献。由“Franklin did make contributions to the study of electricity”可知，句子表示“不管真相如何，富兰克林确实对电学的研究做出了贡献”，空格处意为“无论什么”，用whatever引导让步状语从句，位于句首，首字母大写，故填Whatever。
25．until
【详解】考查连词。句意：他直到去年12月才正式退休，然后就飞往意大利去看望女儿了。not…until…直到……才……，是一个固定句型，引导时间状语从句，故填until。
26．when
【详解】考查状语从句。句意：单词借用往往会发生在母语中没有合适的词来表达某一物体或思想的时候。分析句意可知，此句为时间状语从句，意为“当......的时候”，故填when。
27．whatever
【详解】考查连词。句意：出发前，这两个年轻人同意二十年后再在那里见面，不管他们的条件如何。分析句子可知，该处为连词whatever引导的让步状语从句。意为“不论……，不管……怎样”。结合句意为“不管他们的条件如何”。故填whatever。
28．though##if
【详解】考查让步状语从句。句意：他很忙，即使他想陪他的儿子也没有足够的时间。分析句子可知，“cannot afford enough time ”和“he wants to”形成转折关系，even if或even though引导让步状语从句，表示“即使”。故填though或if。
29．Where
【详解】考查从属连词。句意：在他曾经想要放弃的地方，他现在有更进一步、不断向前的决心。根据“he once felt like giving up”可知，此处引导地点状语从句，表示“在……的地方”。故填Where。
30．that
【详解】考查状语从句。句意：我真的很惊讶，工人们能把它建得这么好，直到今天它还没有过时。与前面的so构成so…that句型，引导结果状语从句。故填that。
31．whatever
【详解】考查状语从句。句意：Catherine和David总是对他微笑，并礼貌地向他打招呼，不管他的反应如何。本句是由从属连词whatever(无论什么)引导的让步状语从句，相当于no matter what。故填whatever。
32．Although##Though##While
【详解】考查连词。句意：尽管该系列的成功可能有好的一面，但许多老师和家长都很担心。根据前后句意逻辑关系可知填Although/ Though/ While，引导让步状语从句，意为尽管。置于句首，首字母大写。故填Although/ Though/ While.
33．Unless
【详解】考查连词。句意：她说她将不得不关闭店铺，除非生意好转。根据句意可知，此处为unless引导的条件状语从句，表示“除非，如果不”，相当于 if.not...。置于句首，首字母大写。故填Unless。
34．Although##Though##While
【详解】考查连词。句意：虽然这项工作花费大量的时间，但是大部分的学生认为这次经历是值得的。据前后句意逻辑关系可知填Although/Though/While，引导让步状语从句，意为“尽管”。置于句首，首字母大写。故填Although/Though/While。
35．however
【详解】考查连词。不管家长的日常安排有多么紧张，最重要的是要和孩子们共度高质量的时光。本句为however+形容词+主语+be 动词 构成的让步状语从句。故填however。
36．as
【详解】考查状语从句。句意：当仆人们拿来牛排时，他拿出一把叉子，开始像意大利人一样吃东西。结合句意可知此处是as引导的方式状语从句。表示“如同，按照……的样子”。故填as。
37．that
【详解】考查状语从句。句意：强淑萍很忙碌地制作布鞋，甚至端午节假期都没休息。so...that...“如此……以至于……”为固定句型，引导结果状语从句。故填that。
38．after
【详解】考查连词。句意：许多妇女在生完孩子后都会经历一段悲伤的时光。分析句子可知，此处为连词after引导的时间状语从句，意为“在……之后”。故填after。
39．Whether
【详解】考查连接词。句意：不管你是否同意，这句话确实反映了它在城市发展中的重要作用。根据whether...or not...无论……还是……， 故填Whether。
40．as##when
【详解】考查时间状语从句。句意：每天当它们飞翔的时候梅都看着它们，这帮助他发展了富有表现力的眼部运动，这对他的艺术非常重要。分析句子结构以及句意可知，设空处为as/when引导时间状语从句， 意为“当……时候”。故填as/when。
41．where
【详解】考查地点状语从句。句意：天然的鸟类栖息地最常见的地方是有充足的饮用水，游泳和洗澡的水供应。分析句子可知，设空处连词引导地点状语从句，应用where引导。故填where。
42．Whatever##No matter what
【详解】考查让步状语从句。无论作者想传达什么，他都得有好的概括力和语言驾驭能力，能用几个字写出一副语言和内容俱佳的好对联。根据句意并分析句子结构可知，空处引导让步状语从句并在从句中作动词convey的宾语，此处表示“无论什么”，故填Whatever/No matter what。
43．Unless
【详解】考查条件状语从句。句意：除非你能睡好，否则一两个晚上之后，你就不能集中注意力、做好规划和保持积极性。根据句意可知，此处是条件状语从句，unless意为“除非，如果不”符合句意，句首大写。故填Unless。
44．after
【详解】考查时间状语从句。句意：已知最早的发明之一是弓箭，在它被发明15000年后，至今仍在全世界使用。根据句意可知，本空应填连词after引导时间状语从句，表示“在……以后”。故填after。
45．Although##Though
【详解】考查连词。句意：虽然他工作非常努力，但是他还是没有按时完成任务。根据句子结构和意思可知，这里需要表示“虽然”的意思的连词连接两个句子，上下文构成让步状语从句的结构。故填Although/Though。
46．such
【详解】考查固定句型。句意：这些书很有趣，我想再读一遍。such + （形容词）+ 可数名词复数 + that从句，中心词为名词，意为“如此……以至于……”。故填such。
47．so
【详解】考查固定句型。句意：他非常喜欢它，所以他很快走进了商店。so ... that ...为固定句型，意为“如此……以至于……”，so修饰much,。故填so。
48．where
【详解】考查状语从句。句意：位于“一带”和“一路”的交汇处，江苏将对“一带一路倡议”贡献更多。设空处引导地点状语从句，且在从句中作地点状语，因此用where引导。
49．since
【详解】考查连词。句意：Mark需要学汉语，由于他的公司将在北京开设分公司。空格处表原因，因此用since引导原因状语从句。故填since。
50．that
【详解】考查结果状语从句。句意：那男孩太累了，以致于他在公共汽车上睡着了。分析句子可知空格之前的部分“The boy was so tired”和之后的部分“he fell asleep on the bus”是两个简单句，因此空格处需要使用一个连接词。又因为两个简单句表达的含义为因果关系，且根据“so+adj./adv....+that...如此……以致于……”可知空格处应使用连接词that。故填that。
51．While##Although##Though
【详解】考查连接词。句意：尽管此类开发项目的数量相对较少，但未来的市场规模巨大。根据句子中的small和large对比可知，逗号前是让步状语从句。可用While/Although/Though 引导，As引导让步状语从句时需倒装。故填While/Although/Though。
52．as
【详解】考查固定句型。句意：我以前从没见过这样的东西，它的宽不及长的一半。此处考查句型“as +形容词/副词（原级）+as +比较对象”，意为“和.....一样……”，故填as。
53．unless
【详解】考查状语从句。句意：汤姆很独立，除非他想得到父母的支持，否则他从不征求父母的意见。根据语境可知，这里用从属连词unless“除非”引导条件状语从句。故填unless。
54．if
【详解】考查状语从句。句意：医生确信我会检测出冠状病毒阳性，但如果我想确定的话，他给了我检测的选择权。我选择做检测。由语境可知，医生觉得我没必要做检测了，但如果我想要做，可以做。此处需要一个连词引导条件状语从句，表示“如果”。故填if。
55．As
【详解】考查时间状语从句。句意：随着人口平均年龄的增加，有越来越多的老人需要被照顾。空格处是从句，表示时间，根据句意表达“随着”，应用连接词as。故填As。
56．how
【详解】考查让步状语从句。句意：一个人总是可以设法做更多的事，不管他生活中的日程安排得多满。让步状语从句中，no matter how=however。根据how+adj./adv.的原则，本题中full是形容词，故填how。
57．Where
【详解】考查状语从句。句意：有决心和希望，问题就有解决的办法。分析句子结构可知，此处考查状语从句；根据句意，此处用where来引起地点状语从句，表示具体性或理念性的意义，表意为“只要在……的地方”。注意，此空位于句子开头，单词首字母要大写。故填Where。
58．because
【详解】考查状语从句连词。句意：睡眠的意义有很多。其中之一就是我们需要做梦。由第一句中的“reason”可知，后一句是解释睡眠的意义。故“做梦”就是原因之一。故填because.
59．Though##While##Although
【详解】考查状语从句。句意：虽然没有确凿的证据，但大多数人都认为他有罪。“no conclusive evidence”和“he was guilty”之间形成转折关系，空处表示“虽然”应用though/while/although引导让步状语从句，位于句首，首字母需大写。故填Though/While/Although。
60．that
【详解】考查状语从句连词。句意：我们到这个周末再摘这些桃子吧。这样一来，它们到时候很甜，就好吃了。结合前后句意可知，暂时不现在摘下桃子的目的是为了过几天桃子变得更甜些，口感更好。结合上文so可知，此处为so that…引导的目的状语从句。故填that。
61．as##though
【详解】考查让步状语从句和部分倒装。句意：人们有理由相信，中国过去几年的反腐工作，尽管困难重重，但取得了令人鼓舞的进展。tough为形容词，此处表语前置，使用了部分倒装，空处表示“尽管”，as/though引导让步状语从句时，使用部分倒装。故填as/though。
62．so
【详解】考查副词。句意：在我回家的路上，雨下得很大，我们不禁想着还有多久才能到那里。该空格处应填写so与后面的that共同构成so+adv.+that…，that结果状语从句。故填so。
63．before
【详解】考查时间状语从句。句意：我还没来得及向那个年轻人表示感谢，他就消失在人群中了。根据句意及所给句子可知，The young man disappeared into the crowd发生在I could express my thanks to him之前，应用连接词before引导时间状语从句。故填before。
64．so
【详解】考查状语从句。句意：长城是一个如此著名的旅游景点以至于每年有数百万人去那里。根据句意及所给句子可知，此处是固定句型so+adj. that …“如此……，以至于……”。故填so。
65．that
【详解】考查结果状语从句。句意：早上的公共汽车总是那么拥挤，他不得不站在上班的路上。结合句意可知，本句使用了结果状语从句，so...that...固定短语，“如此...以至于...”，故填that。
66．as
【详解】考查状语从句。句意：要是他不像以前那样微笑的话,那他肯定是遇到了令他不高兴的事。分析可知，设空处引导方式状语从句，意为“像”，故填as。
67．that
【详解】考查状语从句。句意：他的计划很好，我们都同意接受。引导结果状语从句，表示“如此……以至于……”为such...that...。故填that。
68．when
【详解】考查时间状语从句。句意：我和我的三个孩子正在吃早餐，这时水突然开始灌满我的家。根据固定句型be doing sth when ...（正在做某事，这时突然……）可知，空格处填when引导时间状语从句。故填when。
69．because
【详解】考查连词。句意：但是他没有时间追求梦想，因为他的工作让他太忙了。分析句意可知两句之间的关系为因果关系，要使用连接词because，故填because。
70．so
【详解】考查状语从句。句意：她的平衡能力很好，可以帮助孩子们稳定滑板。此处good是形容词，由so修饰，是so…that引导的结果状语从句。故填so。
71．that
【详解】考查连接词。句意：这些生物的腰鞭毛虫是那么小，以致于这些有机体的6000个单位可能包含在一滴水里。分析句子结构可知，空处填从属连词，再结合句意可知，so…that…用来引导状语从句，意为“如此……以致于”，故填that。
72．While##Though##Although
【详解】考查状语从句。句意：虽然大多数孩子周末都去看电影，但乔治更喜欢自己设计一些特别的项目。While/Though/Although放在句首表示“虽然……”，符合句子的让步关系。故填While/Though/Although。
73．Whatever
【详解】考查状语从句的引导词。句意：无论想要表达什么，作者都需要精通汉语和总结，用几个字写出一副内容和语言都很好的对联。空格处引导让步状语从句，表示“无论什么”应用whatever作convey的宾语，句首单词首字母要大写。故填Whatever。
74．whether
【详解】考查让步状语从句。句意：无论你是否爱过科比，你内心都很难不尊重他。与后面的or not构成搭配，引导让步状语从句，意为“不管你喜欢还是不喜欢”。 故填whether。
75．when##if
【详解】考查状语从句。句意：游戏系统会提醒玩家他们已经玩了多长时间，当时间到了，年轻玩家将被迫退出游戏。表示“当规定的时间结束的时候”，可以使用when引导时间状语从句；表示“如果规定的时间结束了”，则可以使用if引导条件状语从句，故填when/if。
76．when##as
【详解】考查连词。句意：一项新的研究阐明了当我们将所听的音乐与心中感受配对的时候我们大脑里到底发生了什么。根据句意，这是一个时间状语从句。由于空格后句子使用的是一般现在时，所以空格处连词可以填when/as。
77．until
【详解】考查连词。句意：他知道只有找到霍乱的起因霍乱才能得到控制。此处考查not...until...意为“直到……才……”。故用连词until。故填until。
78．If
【详解】考查条件状语从句。句意：我们必须通过使用语言来学习。如果我们只满足于记住几条规则，那我们就不是真正在学习这门语言。根据句意可知，前后句之间是一种假设关系，应用连接词If引导条件状语从句。故填If。
79．if
【详解】考查条件状语从句。句意：如果我们不尽快将这种垃圾带出天空，它将对现役卫星构成重大威胁。整体句子是主系表结构，The fear是主语， that引导表语从句，后半句根据句意，空格处是条件状语从句的引导词，表示“如果”应用if。故填if。
80．Although##Though##While
【详解】考查让步状语从句。句意：虽然事故发生前他很喜欢冲浪，但他太紧张了，不敢再下水。分析句子结构，再结合句意可知，空处表示“尽管”，应用Although/Though/While引导的让步状语从句，故填Although/Though/While。
81．so
【详解】考查状语从句。句意：帕尔松大声尖叫，她的女儿从房子里跑了出来。根据“loudly ”和空后的“that”可知，此处需用so和that构成固定句型，so…that,如此…以至于，引导结果状语从句。故填so。
82．when
【详解】考查固定句型和状语从句。句意：当提到听力丧失时，我们首先想到的是老年人，但在最近的一份报告中，听力专家担心，就听力丧失而言，青少年的数量将很快超过老年人。本句为句型when it comes to sth当谈及某事，其中when引导时间状语从句，故填when。
83．before
【详解】考查连词。句意：他们在进入大楼前穿上了防护服和手套。根据句意可知，“they entered the building”是时间状语从句，发生在主句“They put on protective suits and gloves”之前，应用连词before引导，表示“在……之前”。故填before。
84．whether
【详解】考查让步状语从句。句意：无论你是使用现金付钱还是使用现金做预算，如果你还使用现金的话这可能是一个坏消息。这是一个让步状语从句，表达：“无论……还是……”，英语用whether…or。故填whether。
85．When##If
【详解】考查状语从句。句意：当它哭了的时候/如果它（小熊猫）哭了，熊猫妈妈会摇晃它，用手掌轻拍安慰它。此处表示“当……时候”或者“如果”，需用when引导时间状语从句或者if引导条件状语从句。故填When/If。
86．because##as## for
【详解】考查连词。句意为：史密斯先生今天早上不得不乘公共汽车上班，因为他的汽车正在修理中。设空处引导原因状语从句，故填because或as或for，表示“因为”。故填because/as/for。
87．until
【详解】考查状语从句。句意：我很抱歉地通知你，合同签订后你才能拥有这笔财产。根据语境可知，此处为not ... until ...句型，意为“直到……才……”。故填until。
88．However
【详解】考查状语从句。句意：无论花费多长时间，我们都决定完成这个任务。本句为含有让步状语从句的主从复合句，修饰副词long应用连接副词however；“ however + adj./adv. +主语+谓语”意为“无论多么……”，故填However。
89．when
【详解】考查固定句型。句意：我正在给美国笔友写信时，灯突然灭了。be doing sth...when ...为固定句型，意为“正在做……，突然发生了……”。故填when。
90．while
【详解】考查连接词。句意：有些新闻能立即引起读者的兴趣，而有些则不能。根据句意表示前后的对比，应用连接词while。故填while。
91．If
【详解】考查连词。句意：如果你多注意你的学习，你就会通过考试了。此空需用连词连接逗号前后两句话，结合句意，可知此空用if引导虚拟条件状语从句，表示对过去情况的虚拟，从句用过去完成时，主句用would have done，故填if。
92．before
【详解】考查固定句型。句意：不久，一架直升飞机飞抵飞机失事现场，来搭救这几个幸存者。“It was not+一段时间+before…”为固定句型，意为“没过多久就……”。故填before。
93．as
【详解】考查固定表达。句意：是的，但是它不像你想象的那么容易。分析可知，此处为not as...as “与……不一样”，第一个as是副词，第二个as是连词。故填as。
94．Although
【详解】考查让步状语从句。句意：尽管科学家对宇宙已经了解了很多，但是我们还有许多未知的东西。后文“there is much we still don't know”和前文“scientists have learned a lot about the universe”语义转折，空格处可用although“尽管”引导让步状语从句，句首字母大写。故填Although。
95．Although/Though/While/Even though
【详解】考查状语从句从属连词。句意：虽然（尽管）有规律的锻炼很重要，但是在睡前锻炼绝对不是一个好主意。后文“it's never a good idea to exercise too close to bedtime”和前文“regular exercise is very important”语义转折，所以空格处可用although或though或while或even though“虽然；尽管”引导让步状语从句。句首字母大写，故填Although/Though/While/Even though。
96．when
【详解】考查固定句型。句意：消防队员正准备放弃营救，这时从废墟中传来一个微弱的声音。根据句型be about to...when，表示正要做某事,突然发生其他事，此处是when引导的时间状语从句，故填when。
97．where
【详解】考查状语从句。句意：武汉位于长江和汉江的交汇处。分析句子结构可知，空处需用从属连词引导状语从句，根据空后“the Changjiang River and The Han river meet.”可知，此处需用where引导地点状语。故填where。
98．when
【详解】考查时间状语从句。句意：我还没来得及在火车上坐下，打开一块巧克力，就有一个拎着大袋子的老人在我对面坐了下来。前句“I had hardly sat down on the train and opened a bar of chocolate”和后句“a really old man with huge bags sat down across from me”描述的事情属于同一时间发生，所以应用when表示时间关联。故填when。
99．as/though
【详解】考查让步状语从句的倒装。句意：尽管我很佩服他的勇气，但我认为他的行为并不明智。由句意可知，本句是由as/though（尽管）引导的让步状语从句，本句进行了部分倒装，将状语提到as/though前面，原句为：As/Though I admire his courage much。故填as/though。
100．is
【详解】考查时态。句意：如果它是一部有趣的电影，我们明天就去看它。句中if引导条件状语从句，意为“如果”，主句是一般将来时，根据主将从现原则，从句用一般现在时。故填is。
高考英语语法专题讲与练 专题十一 状语从句
状语从句分类
状语从句名称 连接词
时间状语从句 when, as, while, whenever, after, before, till/until, since, once, as soon as/the moment, by the time, no sooner…than, hardly…when, every time等
地点状语从句 where和wherever
条件状语从句 if, unless, as long as, on condition that, if only(=if)
原因状语从句 because, since, as, now that(既然)
结果状语从句 so that(从句谓语动词一般没有情态动词), so…that, such…that
目的状语从句 so, so that(从句谓语常有情态动词), in order that, in case(以防，以免)
让步状语从句 although, though, as(常用倒装结构), even if/though, however, whatever, whether…or, no matter who(when, what, where…)等
比较状语从句 than, as…as, the more…the more
方式状语从句 as, as if/though, the way, rather than等
一、时间状语从句
1. while, when, as引导时间状语从句时的区别
(1) while引导的状语从句中谓语动词必须是持续性动词。谓语动词多为进行时或状态动词的一般时。此时可与when互换。如：
Please keep quiet while/when others are studying. 当别人正在学习时，请保持安静。
(2) when除可指一段时间外，还可用来指时间点，等于“at the time”，即when引导的时间状语从句中的谓语动词可以是瞬间的，也可以是持续性的。因此主句和从句的谓语可以是一般时、进行时或完成时。如：When I went into the lab, the teacher was doing an experiment. (when不能换成while) 当我走进实验室时，老师正在做实验。
(3) as常可与when, while通用，但as强调“一边……一边……”。如：
As (When/While) I was walking down the street, I noticed a police car. 当我沿着大街散步时，我注意到一辆警车。
(4) when有时代替if，引导条件句，意为“如果，假如”。如：
I will come when(if) I am fine. 如果我有空，我就会来。
2. till, until引导时间状语短语或状语从句，用于否定句时，结构为not…until，主句谓语动词延续与非延续皆可，意为“直到……才……”；用于肯定句时，主句谓语动词需用延续性动词，表示“到……为止”。如：
They played(延续性动词) volleyball until/till it got dark. 他们打排球直到天黑才结束。
They didn’t talk(延续性动词) until/till the interpreter came. 直到口译员来了他们才开始谈话。
He didn’t go to bed(非延续性动词) until/till his father came back. 直到他父亲回来他才睡觉。
注意：(1) until可以放在句首，till则不行。如：Not until he finished his work did he go home.(倒装)直到完成工作他才回家。(2) till, until只用于表时间，以下句子是错误的：We walked till the edge of the forest. (till必须改为as或to) 我们走到了森林的边缘。
二、地点状语从句
引导地点状语从句的连词是where和wherever。如：Make a mark where you have question. 在你有问题的地方做记号。 Sit wherever you like. 坐在你喜欢的地方。
三、条件状语从句
条件状语从句分真实性（有可能实现的事情）与非真实性（条件与事实相反或者在说话者看来不太可能实现的事情）条件句。引导条件状语从句的词(组)主要有if, unless, as long as, on condition that, if only(=if)。值得注意的是，条件状语从句中的if不能用whether替换。如：
If he is not in the office, he must be out for lunch. 如果他不在办公室，那一定是出去吃午饭了。
You may borrow the book as long as you keep it clean. 你可以借这本书，只要你让它保持干净。
四、原因状语从句
because, since, as引导原因状语时注意使用上的区别：
1. 如果原因是构成句子的最主要部分，一般用because，因此because引导的从句往往放在句末。用why提问的句子，一定用because回答。如：He had to stay at home yesterday because he was ill. 昨天他必须呆在家里，因为他病了。
2. 如果原因已为人们所知，或不如句子的其他部分重要，就用as或since，since比as更正式些。as和since引导的从句一般放在句子的开头。如：
As you are tired, you had better take a rest. 你累了，最好休息一下。
Since everyone is here, now let’s begin. 大家都到齐了，现在开始。
五、结果状语从句
结果状语从句是表示事态结果的从句，通常主句表原因，从句表结果。结果状语从句通常由so that（从句谓语一般没有情态动词），so…that, such…that等引导。如：
He was so excited that he jumped from the sofa. 他如此激动以至于他从沙发上跳了下来。
六、目的状语从句
引导目的状语从句最常用的词（组）是so, as that(从句谓语常有情态动词), in order that, in case(以防，以免)等。如：Speak clearly, so that they may understand you. 说清楚些以便他们能理解。
He left early in case he should miss the train. 他尽早地离开，以防误了火车。
七、让步状语从句
让步状语从句可由although, though, as, even if/though, however, whatever, whether…or, no matter who/when/what…等引导。值得注意的是as引导的让步状语从句一般用倒装。如：
Child as he is, he knows a lot. 尽管他还是个孩子，他却知道很多。
Whatever (=No matter what) you say, I will never change my mind. 不管你说什么，我都不会改变主意。
八、比较状语从句
比较状语从句常用than, as…as, the more…the more等引导。如：
I have made a lot more mistakes than you have. 我犯的错误比你犯的多得多。
The busier he is, the happier he feels. 越忙他觉得越快乐。
九、方式状语从句
方式状语从句常由as, as if(though), the way, rather than等引导。如：
You must do the exercise as I show you. 你必须按照我教你的去做练习。
He acted as if nothing had happened. 从他的举止行为看，似乎什么也没发生过。
附加说明：使用状语从句时要注意的几个问题
1. 在时间和条件（有时也在方式、让步等）状语从句中，主语用一般将来时，从句通常用一般现在时表示将来。如：I will write to you as soon as I get to Shanghai. 我一到上海就写信给你。
2. 在有些时间、地点、条件、方式或让步状语从句中，如果从句的主语与主句的主语一致（或虽不一致，但是it），从句的谓语又包含动词be，就可省略从句中的“主语+be”部分。如：
If (you are) asked, you may come in. 如果你被邀请了，你就可以进来。
If (it is) necessary, I will explain to you again. 如果有必要，我会再给你解释一次的。
3. 注意区分不同的从句：引导的是什么从句，不仅要根据连词，还要根据句子结构和句意来判别。以where为例：
You are to find it where you left it. （地点状语从句）你会在你放它的地方找到它。
Tell me the address where he lives. （定语从句，句中有先行词）告诉我你住的地址。
I don’t know where he came from. （宾语从句）我不知道他来自哪里。
Where he has gone is not known yet. （主语从句）他去了哪里还不知道。
This place is where they once hid. （表语从句）这里就是他们曾经藏过的地方。
3. as作从属连词可引导多种状语从句。
(1) as引导时间状语从句，意为“当……时”，如：
He sang as he worked. 当他工作的时候，他会唱歌。
(2) as引导方式状语从句，意为“像……一样”，如：
We must do as the party teaches us. 我们必须像那个聚会教我们的那样做。
(3) as引导原因状语从句，意为“由于”，如：
As you are late, you had better wait. 由于你迟到了，你最好等一下。
(4) as引导让步状语从句，意为“虽然，尽快”。常用倒装结构。如：
Child as he is, he can do it well. (=Although he is a child, he can do it well.) 尽管他是个孩子，他却能把它做好。
(5) as作为关系代词还可以引导定语从句。如：I have such books as you like. 我有你喜欢的书。
考点练透
1．Without a doubt, engaging in physical activity is one of the most important things, __________not the most important thing, that a person can do to enhance best functioning.
2．____I could say a word, she had rushed out of the room.
3．________ hard you try, it is difficult to lose weight without cutting down the amount you eat.
4．It wasn’t ______ 1106 that Thomas Twining founded the world’s first dry tea and coffee shop in London.
5．Over time, _____ the population grew, people began cutting food into small pieces.
6．In the forest, sound is the best means of communication over distance ________ in comparison with light, it won’t be blocked by trees when travelling.
7．________ case you’re wondering, here’s why mobile data are so expensive in South Africa when compared with other countries.
8．Many of life’s failures are experienced by people who did not realize how close they were to success ________ they gave up.
9．China’s Silk Road Economic Belt, ________ accomplished, will quicken the economic growth of the countries along the route.
10．Sometimes it’s hard to accept the truth ________ the lie sounds so much better.
11．Lessons can be learned to face the future, ________ history cannot be changed.
12．—How about travelling abroad this winter holiday, just for a change
—OK. ________you want.
13．Man cannot discover new oceans ________ he has the courage to lose sight of the shore.
14．________ many of us today take the television for granted, it’s actually one of the greatest inventions of the 20th century.
15．________ they are extremely talented, it can be really hard for models with just a few years’ experience to impress the big brands and win opportunities.
16．Any offender shall be brought back and brought to justice even ________he/she may flee abroad.
17．Most people have to get to a point where they don’t have a choice ________they will change something.
18．The man hid himself behind the door waiting so________ no other people could see him negotiating with his manager about his promotion.
19．When you start to run longer, you will start to eat to fuel your body, and may even find that you need to eat more food every day ________you did when you were overweight.
20．France has been on lockdown since March 17, preventing anyone from leaving their home ________they are key workers or they go out to buy food or medicine.
21．I always tell them when I’m going out clubbing. ________ they know what I’m doing, they’re fine with it.
22．In Japan, they are so pessimistic about the country’s future ________ they are avoiding material possessions.
23．Do foreigners not understand British humor or are the British just not so funny ________ they think they are
24．______ the truth, Franklin did make contributions to the study of electricity.
25．He didn’t formally retire ______ last December. Then he flew to Italy to visit his daughter.
26．Word borrowing tends to happen ________ there is no suitable word for an object or idea in the native tongue.
27．Before departure, the two young men agreed to meet there again twenty years later, ________ their conditions might be.
28．He is so busy. He cannot afford enough time with his son even________he wants to.
29．________he once felt like giving up, he now has the determination to push further and keep on going.
30．I was really surprised that the workers could build it so well ________ even today it is not out of style.
31．Catherine and David always smiled at him and politely said hello to him when they met, ________ his reaction was.
32．________ the series’ success might have a good side, many teachers and parents are worried.
33．She says that she'll have to close the shop.________ business improves.
34． ________the job takes a significant amount of time, most students agree that the experience is worth it.
35．What matters is spending quality time with their children, ________tight their schedule is.
36．When the servants brought the steak ,he took out a fork and began to eat ________people did in Italy.
37．Qiang Shuping was so busy making cloth shoes ________she didn't even rest during the Dragon Boat Festival holiday.
38．Many women experience a time of sadness _________ they give birth to a baby.
39．________ or not you agree, the saying does reflect its vital role in the city's evolution(演变).
40．Every day Mei watched them ________ they flew, which helped him to develop the expressive eye movements that were so important to his art.
41．Natural bird habitats are most commonly found ________ there is an ample supply of water for drinking, swimming, and bathing.
42．________ he wants to convey,the writer is expected to be good at summarization and Chinese to produce a couplet with a few characters that is excellent in both content and language.
43．________you can sleep well, you will lose the ability to focus, plan and stay motivated after one or two nights.
44．One of the earliest-known inventions is the bow and arrow, which is still used throughout the world today, 15, 000 years ________ it was first invented.
45．________ he worked very hard, he didn’t finish the task on time.
46．They are ________ interesting books that I want to read them once more.
47．He liked it ________ much that he quickly walked into the shop.
48．Located ________ the Belt meets the Road, Jiangsu will contribute more to the Belt and Road Initiative.
49．Mark needs to learn Chinese ________ his company is opening a branch in Beijing.
50．The boy was so tired ________ he fell asleep on the bus.
51．___ the numbers of such developments are relatively small, the market in the future is large.
52．I’ve never seen such a thing before; it is not half ______ wide as it is long.
53．Tom is so independent that he never asks his parents’ opinion ________ he wants their support.
54．The doctor was certain I would test positive for coronavirus, but gave me the option to test ________ I wanted to know for sure. I opted to be tested.
55．________ the average age of the population increases, there are more and more old people to care for.
56．One can always manage to do more things, no matter ________full one's schedule is in life.
57．________ there is determination and hope, there is solution to the problems.
58．There are several reasons for sleep. We sleep________we need to dream.
59．________there was no conclusive evidence，most people thought he was guilty.
60．Let's not pick these peaches until this weekend so________they get sweet enough to be eaten.
61．One has reason to believe that China's anti corruption over the past few years, tough________it is, has achieved inspiring progress.
62．On our way to the house, it was raining __________ hard that we couldn’t help wondering how long it would take to get there.
63．The young man disappeared into the crowd ________ I could express my thanks to him.
64．The Great Wall is ________ well-known a tourist attraction that millions of people go there every year.
65．The bus is always so crowded in the morning ________he has to stand on the way to work.
66．Something unpleasant must have happened to him if he didn't smile ________he always did.
67．His plan was such a good one ________ we all agreed to accept it.
68．I was having breakfast with my three children _________ water started filling my home.
69．But he had no time for his dream ________ his work kept him too busy.
70．Her balance is ______ good that she can help to stabilize the board for the kids.
71．The dinoflagellate is so tiny ______ 6，000 of these organisms may be contained in a single drop of water.
72．______most kids were going to the movies on weekends, George preferred to design his own special projects.
73．______he wants to convey, the writer is expected to be good at summarization and Chinese to produce a couplet with several characters that is excellent in both content and language.
74．It is difficult for you to show no respect for him in the heart ______ you have ever loved Kobe or not.
75．The game system will remind players the time they have been playing and young players will be forced to log out ______ the time is up.
76．A new study sheds light on what’s going on inside our brains ______we match our music to our feelings.
77．He knew that cholera would not be controlled ______its cause was found.
78．We must learn by using the language. ______we are satisfied with only a few rules we have memorized, we are not really learning the language.
79．The fear is that ______we don’t start taking this litter out of the sky soon, it will become a significant threat to active satellites.
80．A car crash left Ian, a six-year-old boy, with brain damage. ______ he had loved surfing before the accident, he was too nervous to go back into the water.
81．Pahlsson screamed______ loudly that her daughter came running from the house.
82．Senior citizens are the first to come to our mind when you think of hearing loss, but in a recent report,hearing professionals worry teenagers will soon outnumber aging adults ______ it comes to living with hearing loss.
83．They put on protective suits and gloves______they entered the building.
84．This could be bad news if you still primarily use cash, ______ that’s how you pay your bills or how you budget.
85．________ it cried，she rocked it back and forth and gave it little comforting pats.
86．Mr. Smith had to go to work by bus this morning ________ his car was being repaired.
87．I’m sorry to inform you that you can’t take possession of the property ________ the contract is signed.
88．______long it takes, we are determined to finish the task.
89．I was writing a letter to my pen friend in the US ________ the light went out.
90．Some news will excite their readers instantly________others won't.
91．________ you had paid more attention to your study, you would have passed the exam.
92．It was not long ________a helicopter arrived on the scene to rescue the survivors of the plane crash.
93．Yes, but it is not as easy________you imagine.
94．________scientists have learned a lot about the universe, there is much we still don't know.
95．________regular exercise is very important, it's never a good idea to exercise too close to bedtime.
96．The firefighters were about to give up rescuing _________a weak voice came out of the ruins.
97．Wuhan lies ______________ the Changjiang River and The Han river meet.
98．I had hardly sat down on the train and opened a bar of chocolate _______ a really old man with huge bags sat down across from me.
99．Much ____________ I admire his courage, I don’t think he acted wisely.
100．If it ________an interesting film, we'll see it tomorrow. (be)
参考答案：
1．if
【详解】考查连词。句意：毫无疑问，参加体育活动如果不是最重要的事情，也是最重要的事情之一，一个人可以参加体育活动来提高最佳功能。not the most important thing是is one of the most important things的前提条件，所以应用if引导条件状语从句，此处省略it is，it代指engaging in physical activity。故填if。
2．Before
【详解】句意：我还没来得及说话，他就冲出了房间。此处表示“在……之前”，故填Before。
3．However##No matter how
【详解】考查状语从句。句意：不管你怎么努力，不减少你的食量是很难减肥的。此处表示“无论如何、不管怎样”，故填However/No matter how。
4．until
【详解】考查连词。句意：直到1106年，托马斯·特温才在伦敦创建了世界上第一家干茶和咖啡店。分析句子结构，本句使用强调句句型“it was not until...that...”，not...until...表示“直到……才……”，所以空处应用连词until。故填until。
5．as##when
【详解】考查时间状语从句。句意：随着时间的推移，人口不断增长，人们开始将食物切成小块。分析句子结构，空处引导时间状语从句，表示“随着/当……时候”，应用as/when引导从句。故填as/when。
6．because
【详解】考查原因状语从句。句意：森林中，声音是远距离交流的最好方法，因为与光相比，声音不会在传播过程中被树阻挡。结合语意，“与光相比，它不会在传播过程中被树阻挡”与“声音是远距离交流的最好方法”之间是因果关系，所以此处应用表原因的连词because。故填because。
7．In
【详解】考查目的状语从句。句意：以防你想知道，以下解释了为什么南非与其他国家相比，其移动数据如此昂贵。结合句意“以防”，此处应用in case引导目的状语从句。句首字母要大写。故填In。
8．when
【详解】考查时间状语从句。句意：有些人在放弃时并没有意识到自己离成功有多近，他们会经历很多人生中的失败。结合语意，此处应用when引导时间状语从句。故填when。
9．once
【详解】考查状语从句。句意：中国丝绸之路经济带一旦建成，将加快沿线国家的经济增长。分析句子可知，句子为条件状语从句，空格处单词引导从句，从句主语和主句主语一致且谓语动词中含有“be”，故省略了从句主语和谓语动词中的“be”，根据句意可知，应用“once”引导从句，意为“一旦”。故填once。
10．because##as##since
【详解】考查状语从句。句意：有时候事实真相很难接受，因为谎言往往要顺耳多了。根据句子结构和句意可知，前后两句是因果关系，所以用从属连词because/as/since(因为)连接，引导原因状语从句。故填because/as/since。
11．though##while##although
【详解】考查连词。句意：尽管历史不能改变，但为了面对未来，我们还是要从历史中学会教训。分析句子结构，设空处应用连词引导让步状语从句。结合句意，连词while或although或though可以用来表示让步和转折。故填while或although或though。
12．whatever
【详解】考查状语从句。句意为：——这个寒假出国旅游怎么样，只是为了换换口味？——好的，随便你。根据句子结构和句意可知，这是一个省略句，此处用连接代词whatever引导让步状语从句，其意为“无论什么”，在从句中做宾语。故填whatever。
13．unless
【详解】考查连词。句意：人类无法发现新的海洋，除非他有勇气忽视海岸。分析句子，设空处应用连词引导条件状语从句。结合句意，“除非，如果不”应用连词unless。故填unless。
14．While##Although##Though
【详解】考查状语从句。句意：虽然我们今天很多人认为电视是理所当然的，但它实际上是20世纪最伟大的发明之一。引导让步状语从句，表示“虽然”应用while、although或though，句首单词首字母要大写。故填While/Although/Though。
15．Unless
【详解】考查条件状语从句。句意：除非他们极有天赋，否则对于仅有几年经验的模特来说，很难给大公司留下深刻印象并赢得机会。结合语意，they are extremely talented是it can be really hard for models with just a few years’ experience to impress the big brands and win opportunities这种情况不成立的条件，所以此处应用unless，意为“除非，如果不”，表条件。句首字母要大写。故填Unless。
16．if##though
【详解】考查让步状语从句。句意：任何违法者都必须被逮捕回国内并且对其进行法律制裁，即使他/她可能潜逃到国外。结合语意，he/she may flee abroad是对Any offender shall be brought back and brought to justice的让步，所以此处应填if或though，与even构成even if和even though，意为“即使”，表示让步。故填if或though。
17．before
【详解】考查状语从句。句意：多数人都要经历一种走投无路的时刻，才会做出改变。根据“get to a point where they don’t have a choice ”和“they will change something”可知，句子表示“多数人都要经历一种走投无路的时刻，才会做出改变”，before在状语从句中表示“……才……”的意思。故填before。
18．that
【详解】考查目的状语从句。句意：这个男人躲在门背后等待着，以便没有人能够看到他和他的经理商量着升职的事。结合句意，no other people could see him negotiating with his manager about his promotion是The man hid himself behind the door waiting的目的，所以此处应用so that引导目的状语从句。故填that。
19．than
【详解】考查连词。句意：当你开始跑步更长时间时，你会开始吃东西来为你的身体提供能量，甚至可能会发现你每天需要吃的食物比你超重时多。分析句子结构，设空处应用连词。结合句意及空前more可知，此处表示比较，应用than引导比较状语从句。故填than。
20．unless
【详解】考查条件状语从句。句意：法国从3月17日就开始封锁了，任何人都不能离开家，除非他们是主要劳动者，或者他们是出去购买食物或药品。结合语意，they are key workers or they go out to buy food or medicine是preventing anyone from leaving their home这种情况不成立的条件，所以此处应用unless，意为“除非，如果不”，表条件。故填unless。
21．As long as
【详解】考查状语从句。句意：只要他们知道我在做什么，他们就不会介意。引导条件状语从句，表示“只要”应用as long as，句首单词首字母要大写。故填As long as。
22．that
【详解】考查结果状语从句。句意：在日本，他们对国家的未来如此悲观，以至于他们不追求物质财富。根据固定句型“so…that”意为“如此……以至于”可知，此空应填连词that，构成结果状语从句。故填that。
23．as
【详解】考查连词。句意：是外国人不懂英式幽默，还是英国人真的不像他们自己认为的那样有趣？根据“just not so funny”和“they think they are”可知此处要用连词，短语so...as...意为“与……一样”。故填as。
24．Whatever
【详解】考查让步状语从句。句意：不管真相如何，富兰克林确实对电学的研究做出了贡献。由“Franklin did make contributions to the study of electricity”可知，句子表示“不管真相如何，富兰克林确实对电学的研究做出了贡献”，空格处意为“无论什么”，用whatever引导让步状语从句，位于句首，首字母大写，故填Whatever。
25．until
【详解】考查连词。句意：他直到去年12月才正式退休，然后就飞往意大利去看望女儿了。not…until…直到……才……，是一个固定句型，引导时间状语从句，故填until。
26．when
【详解】考查状语从句。句意：单词借用往往会发生在母语中没有合适的词来表达某一物体或思想的时候。分析句意可知，此句为时间状语从句，意为“当......的时候”，故填when。
27．whatever
【详解】考查连词。句意：出发前，这两个年轻人同意二十年后再在那里见面，不管他们的条件如何。分析句子可知，该处为连词whatever引导的让步状语从句。意为“不论……，不管……怎样”。结合句意为“不管他们的条件如何”。故填whatever。
28．though##if
【详解】考查让步状语从句。句意：他很忙，即使他想陪他的儿子也没有足够的时间。分析句子可知，“cannot afford enough time ”和“he wants to”形成转折关系，even if或even though引导让步状语从句，表示“即使”。故填though或if。
29．Where
【详解】考查从属连词。句意：在他曾经想要放弃的地方，他现在有更进一步、不断向前的决心。根据“he once felt like giving up”可知，此处引导地点状语从句，表示“在……的地方”。故填Where。
30．that
【详解】考查状语从句。句意：我真的很惊讶，工人们能把它建得这么好，直到今天它还没有过时。与前面的so构成so…that句型，引导结果状语从句。故填that。
31．whatever
【详解】考查状语从句。句意：Catherine和David总是对他微笑，并礼貌地向他打招呼，不管他的反应如何。本句是由从属连词whatever(无论什么)引导的让步状语从句，相当于no matter what。故填whatever。
32．Although##Though##While
【详解】考查连词。句意：尽管该系列的成功可能有好的一面，但许多老师和家长都很担心。根据前后句意逻辑关系可知填Although/ Though/ While，引导让步状语从句，意为尽管。置于句首，首字母大写。故填Although/ Though/ While.
33．Unless
【详解】考查连词。句意：她说她将不得不关闭店铺，除非生意好转。根据句意可知，此处为unless引导的条件状语从句，表示“除非，如果不”，相当于 if.not...。置于句首，首字母大写。故填Unless。
34．Although##Though##While
【详解】考查连词。句意：虽然这项工作花费大量的时间，但是大部分的学生认为这次经历是值得的。据前后句意逻辑关系可知填Although/Though/While，引导让步状语从句，意为“尽管”。置于句首，首字母大写。故填Although/Though/While。
35．however
【详解】考查连词。不管家长的日常安排有多么紧张，最重要的是要和孩子们共度高质量的时光。本句为however+形容词+主语+be 动词 构成的让步状语从句。故填however。
36．as
【详解】考查状语从句。句意：当仆人们拿来牛排时，他拿出一把叉子，开始像意大利人一样吃东西。结合句意可知此处是as引导的方式状语从句。表示“如同，按照……的样子”。故填as。
37．that
【详解】考查状语从句。句意：强淑萍很忙碌地制作布鞋，甚至端午节假期都没休息。so...that...“如此……以至于……”为固定句型，引导结果状语从句。故填that。
38．after
【详解】考查连词。句意：许多妇女在生完孩子后都会经历一段悲伤的时光。分析句子可知，此处为连词after引导的时间状语从句，意为“在……之后”。故填after。
39．Whether
【详解】考查连接词。句意：不管你是否同意，这句话确实反映了它在城市发展中的重要作用。根据whether...or not...无论……还是……， 故填Whether。
40．as##when
【详解】考查时间状语从句。句意：每天当它们飞翔的时候梅都看着它们，这帮助他发展了富有表现力的眼部运动，这对他的艺术非常重要。分析句子结构以及句意可知，设空处为as/when引导时间状语从句， 意为“当……时候”。故填as/when。
41．where
【详解】考查地点状语从句。句意：天然的鸟类栖息地最常见的地方是有充足的饮用水，游泳和洗澡的水供应。分析句子可知，设空处连词引导地点状语从句，应用where引导。故填where。
42．Whatever##No matter what
【详解】考查让步状语从句。无论作者想传达什么，他都得有好的概括力和语言驾驭能力，能用几个字写出一副语言和内容俱佳的好对联。根据句意并分析句子结构可知，空处引导让步状语从句并在从句中作动词convey的宾语，此处表示“无论什么”，故填Whatever/No matter what。
43．Unless
【详解】考查条件状语从句。句意：除非你能睡好，否则一两个晚上之后，你就不能集中注意力、做好规划和保持积极性。根据句意可知，此处是条件状语从句，unless意为“除非，如果不”符合句意，句首大写。故填Unless。
44．after
【详解】考查时间状语从句。句意：已知最早的发明之一是弓箭，在它被发明15000年后，至今仍在全世界使用。根据句意可知，本空应填连词after引导时间状语从句，表示“在……以后”。故填after。
45．Although##Though
【详解】考查连词。句意：虽然他工作非常努力，但是他还是没有按时完成任务。根据句子结构和意思可知，这里需要表示“虽然”的意思的连词连接两个句子，上下文构成让步状语从句的结构。故填Although/Though。
46．such
【详解】考查固定句型。句意：这些书很有趣，我想再读一遍。such + （形容词）+ 可数名词复数 + that从句，中心词为名词，意为“如此……以至于……”。故填such。
47．so
【详解】考查固定句型。句意：他非常喜欢它，所以他很快走进了商店。so ... that ...为固定句型，意为“如此……以至于……”，so修饰much,。故填so。
48．where
【详解】考查状语从句。句意：位于“一带”和“一路”的交汇处，江苏将对“一带一路倡议”贡献更多。设空处引导地点状语从句，且在从句中作地点状语，因此用where引导。
49．since
【详解】考查连词。句意：Mark需要学汉语，由于他的公司将在北京开设分公司。空格处表原因，因此用since引导原因状语从句。故填since。
50．that
【详解】考查结果状语从句。句意：那男孩太累了，以致于他在公共汽车上睡着了。分析句子可知空格之前的部分“The boy was so tired”和之后的部分“he fell asleep on the bus”是两个简单句，因此空格处需要使用一个连接词。又因为两个简单句表达的含义为因果关系，且根据“so+adj./adv....+that...如此……以致于……”可知空格处应使用连接词that。故填that。
51．While##Although##Though
【详解】考查连接词。句意：尽管此类开发项目的数量相对较少，但未来的市场规模巨大。根据句子中的small和large对比可知，逗号前是让步状语从句。可用While/Although/Though 引导，As引导让步状语从句时需倒装。故填While/Although/Though。
52．as
【详解】考查固定句型。句意：我以前从没见过这样的东西，它的宽不及长的一半。此处考查句型“as +形容词/副词（原级）+as +比较对象”，意为“和.....一样……”，故填as。
53．unless
【详解】考查状语从句。句意：汤姆很独立，除非他想得到父母的支持，否则他从不征求父母的意见。根据语境可知，这里用从属连词unless“除非”引导条件状语从句。故填unless。
54．if
【详解】考查状语从句。句意：医生确信我会检测出冠状病毒阳性，但如果我想确定的话，他给了我检测的选择权。我选择做检测。由语境可知，医生觉得我没必要做检测了，但如果我想要做，可以做。此处需要一个连词引导条件状语从句，表示“如果”。故填if。
55．As
【详解】考查时间状语从句。句意：随着人口平均年龄的增加，有越来越多的老人需要被照顾。空格处是从句，表示时间，根据句意表达“随着”，应用连接词as。故填As。
56．how
【详解】考查让步状语从句。句意：一个人总是可以设法做更多的事，不管他生活中的日程安排得多满。让步状语从句中，no matter how=however。根据how+adj./adv.的原则，本题中full是形容词，故填how。
57．Where
【详解】考查状语从句。句意：有决心和希望，问题就有解决的办法。分析句子结构可知，此处考查状语从句；根据句意，此处用where来引起地点状语从句，表示具体性或理念性的意义，表意为“只要在……的地方”。注意，此空位于句子开头，单词首字母要大写。故填Where。
58．because
【详解】考查状语从句连词。句意：睡眠的意义有很多。其中之一就是我们需要做梦。由第一句中的“reason”可知，后一句是解释睡眠的意义。故“做梦”就是原因之一。故填because.
59．Though##While##Although
【详解】考查状语从句。句意：虽然没有确凿的证据，但大多数人都认为他有罪。“no conclusive evidence”和“he was guilty”之间形成转折关系，空处表示“虽然”应用though/while/although引导让步状语从句，位于句首，首字母需大写。故填Though/While/Although。
60．that
【详解】考查状语从句连词。句意：我们到这个周末再摘这些桃子吧。这样一来，它们到时候很甜，就好吃了。结合前后句意可知，暂时不现在摘下桃子的目的是为了过几天桃子变得更甜些，口感更好。结合上文so可知，此处为so that…引导的目的状语从句。故填that。
61．as##though
【详解】考查让步状语从句和部分倒装。句意：人们有理由相信，中国过去几年的反腐工作，尽管困难重重，但取得了令人鼓舞的进展。tough为形容词，此处表语前置，使用了部分倒装，空处表示“尽管”，as/though引导让步状语从句时，使用部分倒装。故填as/though。
62．so
【详解】考查副词。句意：在我回家的路上，雨下得很大，我们不禁想着还有多久才能到那里。该空格处应填写so与后面的that共同构成so+adv.+that…，that结果状语从句。故填so。
63．before
【详解】考查时间状语从句。句意：我还没来得及向那个年轻人表示感谢，他就消失在人群中了。根据句意及所给句子可知，The young man disappeared into the crowd发生在I could express my thanks to him之前，应用连接词before引导时间状语从句。故填before。
64．so
【详解】考查状语从句。句意：长城是一个如此著名的旅游景点以至于每年有数百万人去那里。根据句意及所给句子可知，此处是固定句型so+adj. that …“如此……，以至于……”。故填so。
65．that
【详解】考查结果状语从句。句意：早上的公共汽车总是那么拥挤，他不得不站在上班的路上。结合句意可知，本句使用了结果状语从句，so...that...固定短语，“如此...以至于...”，故填that。
66．as
【详解】考查状语从句。句意：要是他不像以前那样微笑的话,那他肯定是遇到了令他不高兴的事。分析可知，设空处引导方式状语从句，意为“像”，故填as。
67．that
【详解】考查状语从句。句意：他的计划很好，我们都同意接受。引导结果状语从句，表示“如此……以至于……”为such...that...。故填that。
68．when
【详解】考查时间状语从句。句意：我和我的三个孩子正在吃早餐，这时水突然开始灌满我的家。根据固定句型be doing sth when ...（正在做某事，这时突然……）可知，空格处填when引导时间状语从句。故填when。
69．because
【详解】考查连词。句意：但是他没有时间追求梦想，因为他的工作让他太忙了。分析句意可知两句之间的关系为因果关系，要使用连接词because，故填because。
70．so
【详解】考查状语从句。句意：她的平衡能力很好，可以帮助孩子们稳定滑板。此处good是形容词，由so修饰，是so…that引导的结果状语从句。故填so。
71．that
【详解】考查连接词。句意：这些生物的腰鞭毛虫是那么小，以致于这些有机体的6000个单位可能包含在一滴水里。分析句子结构可知，空处填从属连词，再结合句意可知，so…that…用来引导状语从句，意为“如此……以致于”，故填that。
72．While##Though##Although
【详解】考查状语从句。句意：虽然大多数孩子周末都去看电影，但乔治更喜欢自己设计一些特别的项目。While/Though/Although放在句首表示“虽然……”，符合句子的让步关系。故填While/Though/Although。
73．Whatever
【详解】考查状语从句的引导词。句意：无论想要表达什么，作者都需要精通汉语和总结，用几个字写出一副内容和语言都很好的对联。空格处引导让步状语从句，表示“无论什么”应用whatever作convey的宾语，句首单词首字母要大写。故填Whatever。
74．whether
【详解】考查让步状语从句。句意：无论你是否爱过科比，你内心都很难不尊重他。与后面的or not构成搭配，引导让步状语从句，意为“不管你喜欢还是不喜欢”。 故填whether。
75．when##if
【详解】考查状语从句。句意：游戏系统会提醒玩家他们已经玩了多长时间，当时间到了，年轻玩家将被迫退出游戏。表示“当规定的时间结束的时候”，可以使用when引导时间状语从句；表示“如果规定的时间结束了”，则可以使用if引导条件状语从句，故填when/if。
76．when##as
【详解】考查连词。句意：一项新的研究阐明了当我们将所听的音乐与心中感受配对的时候我们大脑里到底发生了什么。根据句意，这是一个时间状语从句。由于空格后句子使用的是一般现在时，所以空格处连词可以填when/as。
77．until
【详解】考查连词。句意：他知道只有找到霍乱的起因霍乱才能得到控制。此处考查not...until...意为“直到……才……”。故用连词until。故填until。
78．If
【详解】考查条件状语从句。句意：我们必须通过使用语言来学习。如果我们只满足于记住几条规则，那我们就不是真正在学习这门语言。根据句意可知，前后句之间是一种假设关系，应用连接词If引导条件状语从句。故填If。
79．if
【详解】考查条件状语从句。句意：如果我们不尽快将这种垃圾带出天空，它将对现役卫星构成重大威胁。整体句子是主系表结构，The fear是主语， that引导表语从句，后半句根据句意，空格处是条件状语从句的引导词，表示“如果”应用if。故填if。
80．Although##Though##While
【详解】考查让步状语从句。句意：虽然事故发生前他很喜欢冲浪，但他太紧张了，不敢再下水。分析句子结构，再结合句意可知，空处表示“尽管”，应用Although/Though/While引导的让步状语从句，故填Although/Though/While。
81．so
【详解】考查状语从句。句意：帕尔松大声尖叫，她的女儿从房子里跑了出来。根据“loudly ”和空后的“that”可知，此处需用so和that构成固定句型，so…that,如此…以至于，引导结果状语从句。故填so。
82．when
【详解】考查固定句型和状语从句。句意：当提到听力丧失时，我们首先想到的是老年人，但在最近的一份报告中，听力专家担心，就听力丧失而言，青少年的数量将很快超过老年人。本句为句型when it comes to sth当谈及某事，其中when引导时间状语从句，故填when。
83．before
【详解】考查连词。句意：他们在进入大楼前穿上了防护服和手套。根据句意可知，“they entered the building”是时间状语从句，发生在主句“They put on protective suits and gloves”之前，应用连词before引导，表示“在……之前”。故填before。
84．whether
【详解】考查让步状语从句。句意：无论你是使用现金付钱还是使用现金做预算，如果你还使用现金的话这可能是一个坏消息。这是一个让步状语从句，表达：“无论……还是……”，英语用whether…or。故填whether。
85．When##If
【详解】考查状语从句。句意：当它哭了的时候/如果它（小熊猫）哭了，熊猫妈妈会摇晃它，用手掌轻拍安慰它。此处表示“当……时候”或者“如果”，需用when引导时间状语从句或者if引导条件状语从句。故填When/If。
86．because##as## for
【详解】考查连词。句意为：史密斯先生今天早上不得不乘公共汽车上班，因为他的汽车正在修理中。设空处引导原因状语从句，故填because或as或for，表示“因为”。故填because/as/for。
87．until
【详解】考查状语从句。句意：我很抱歉地通知你，合同签订后你才能拥有这笔财产。根据语境可知，此处为not ... until ...句型，意为“直到……才……”。故填until。
88．However
【详解】考查状语从句。句意：无论花费多长时间，我们都决定完成这个任务。本句为含有让步状语从句的主从复合句，修饰副词long应用连接副词however；“ however + adj./adv. +主语+谓语”意为“无论多么……”，故填However。
89．when
【详解】考查固定句型。句意：我正在给美国笔友写信时，灯突然灭了。be doing sth...when ...为固定句型，意为“正在做……，突然发生了……”。故填when。
90．while
【详解】考查连接词。句意：有些新闻能立即引起读者的兴趣，而有些则不能。根据句意表示前后的对比，应用连接词while。故填while。
91．If
【详解】考查连词。句意：如果你多注意你的学习，你就会通过考试了。此空需用连词连接逗号前后两句话，结合句意，可知此空用if引导虚拟条件状语从句，表示对过去情况的虚拟，从句用过去完成时，主句用would have done，故填if。
92．before
【详解】考查固定句型。句意：不久，一架直升飞机飞抵飞机失事现场，来搭救这几个幸存者。“It was not+一段时间+before…”为固定句型，意为“没过多久就……”。故填before。
93．as
【详解】考查固定表达。句意：是的，但是它不像你想象的那么容易。分析可知，此处为not as...as “与……不一样”，第一个as是副词，第二个as是连词。故填as。
94．Although
【详解】考查让步状语从句。句意：尽管科学家对宇宙已经了解了很多，但是我们还有许多未知的东西。后文“there is much we still don't know”和前文“scientists have learned a lot about the universe”语义转折，空格处可用although“尽管”引导让步状语从句，句首字母大写。故填Although。
95．Although/Though/While/Even though
【详解】考查状语从句从属连词。句意：虽然（尽管）有规律的锻炼很重要，但是在睡前锻炼绝对不是一个好主意。后文“it's never a good idea to exercise too close to bedtime”和前文“regular exercise is very important”语义转折，所以空格处可用although或though或while或even though“虽然；尽管”引导让步状语从句。句首字母大写，故填Although/Though/While/Even though。
96．when
【详解】考查固定句型。句意：消防队员正准备放弃营救，这时从废墟中传来一个微弱的声音。根据句型be about to...when，表示正要做某事,突然发生其他事，此处是when引导的时间状语从句，故填when。
97．where
【详解】考查状语从句。句意：武汉位于长江和汉江的交汇处。分析句子结构可知，空处需用从属连词引导状语从句，根据空后“the Changjiang River and The Han river meet.”可知，此处需用where引导地点状语。故填where。
98．when
【详解】考查时间状语从句。句意：我还没来得及在火车上坐下，打开一块巧克力，就有一个拎着大袋子的老人在我对面坐了下来。前句“I had hardly sat down on the train and opened a bar of chocolate”和后句“a really old man with huge bags sat down across from me”描述的事情属于同一时间发生，所以应用when表示时间关联。故填when。
99．as/though
【详解】考查让步状语从句的倒装。句意：尽管我很佩服他的勇气，但我认为他的行为并不明智。由句意可知，本句是由as/though（尽管）引导的让步状语从句，本句进行了部分倒装，将状语提到as/though前面，原句为：As/Though I admire his courage much。故填as/though。
100．is
【详解】考查时态。句意：如果它是一部有趣的电影，我们明天就去看它。句中if引导条件状语从句，意为“如果”，主句是一般将来时，根据主将从现原则，从句用一般现在时。故填is。