Unit 3 Food and Culture单元测试卷
第一部分 阅读(共两节， 满分50分)
第一节(共15小题；每小题2.5分， 满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文， 从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
When it comes to materials to do good to our body, it must be mentioned that there are all sorts of foods to everyone's taste. Some foods are known to have a completely ruined effect on your brain function, and nutritionists advise us not to consume them too much in order to limit their negative impacts.
Here are the top five foods that kill your intelligence.
1. Sugar
Sugar and sugary products are bad not only for your waistline, but for your brain function as well. Long-term consumption of sugar can create a lot of neurological (神经系统的) problems, and it can also do harm to your memory. On the other hand, sugar can also bring damage to your ability to learn. So avoid the products.
2. Alcohol
Alcohol is known to harm your liver (肝) in the long run, and it also causes what is known as "brain fog", a feeling of mental confusion. It acts like a cloud that impacts your ability to think clearly, as well as your memory. Have you ever noticed that you cannot remember common items' names This might be influenced by high alcohol intake, which impacts the balance of the brain.
3. Junk Food
A recent study has revealed that junk food can change the chemicals in the brain, thus leading to symptoms associated with depression and anxiety. Besides, foods that are high in fat can also produce some symptoms that are similar to the signs of "miss" when you stop consuming them. These foods affect the production of dopamine (多巴胺), an important chemical that promotes happiness and an overall feeling of well-being.
4. Very Salty Foods
Everybody knows that salty foods affect your blood pressure and they are very hard on your heart. However, as research suggests, foods that contain high amounts of salt can affect your learning function and make your ability to think imperfect. Otherwise stated, salty foods affect your intelligence! As a matter of fact, the consumption of salty foods has been shown to have the same effect as taking drugs, as it can cause uncomfortable symptoms and hunger for salty foods.
5. Foods with Processed Proteins (蛋白质)
Meat is the richest source of high-quality protein, but avoid overly processed proteins such as hot dogs, sausages and so on. Unlike the natural proteins that help your body protect the nervous system, processed proteins do exactly the opposite. Better choose natural products, such as fish, dairy products, and seeds as these are natural, high-quality protein sources.
1. Which group of foods may affect your memory
A. Sugar and alcohol.
B. Sugar and junk food.
C. Alcohol and junk food.
D. Sugar and very salty foods.
2. If you want to promote happiness, which of the following should you stop eating
A. Sugar.
B. Foods with processed proteins.
C. Alcohol.
D. Junk food.
3. Compared to the overly processed proteins, which of the following is an advantage of the natural proteins
A. The protection of the nervous system.
B. The increase of dopamine.
C. The protection of your intelligence.
D. The increase of happiness.
【答案】ADA
【解析】这是一篇说明文，主要介绍了最损害大脑功能的五种食物。
1．A 考查细节理解。 从“Sugar”这一段中的“it can also do harm to your memory”和“Alcohol”这一段中的“that impacts your ability to think clearly, as well as your memory”可知，糖和酒精对记忆力有影响。
2．D 考查细节理解。 根据“Junk Food”这段可知：多巴胺是一种能够提升幸福感的重要化学物质，而垃圾食品会影响多巴胺的产生。所以，你如果想提升幸福感就应停止食用垃圾食品。
3．A 考查细节理解。从最后一段第二句可知：天然蛋白质与过度加工出来的蛋白质相比，最大的一个优点在于天然蛋白质可以保护神经系统。故选A。
B
Different contexts affect food production, processing, trade, marketing and consumption. As a result of this, the food availability, accessibility, and affordability— as well as consumers’ dietary behaviour and nutritional status—vary. One possible picture is presented here to provide an idea on how COVID-19 might impact the global food system.
Consumer demand plays a crucial role in food production and their demands depend on purchasing power and preference. Because of the lockdown, there is no work for many people. As a result, they do not have enough money to buy adequate food for their families. The closure of restaurants, school meals and tourism businesses may reduce the demand for fresh food. People buy frozen. dried and canned food with longer shelf life. Energy-dense, less nutritious foods are often more affordable than fresh and nutritious one.
According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, COVID-19 is not likely to be transmitted through food. However, workers can get infected by each other if they do not maintain social distance properly. Shortage of labor can not only hamper food production, but also the processing of food.
Around the world, millions of people depend on international trade either for then- livelihood or food security. The virus outbreak might slow down global trade and marketing of food. As a result, countries depending on imported food can face difficulties. The closure of ports and other supply restrictions will hamper food supply. The price of transferring food within and outside of the country may get more expensive. It means import may get more expensive and export may bring less money. On the other hand, the restriction in transport and supply can be the cause of food loss particularly for fresh fruits and panies may face difficulties to import the ingredients for different products which may disturb the production.
4. The passage is mainly about ________.
A. why the food system is easily affected by COVID-19
B. how the world may be affected by COVID-19 outbreak
C. what effect COVID-19 may have on the food system
D. what contexts affect food production
5. How is consumers’ dietary behavior changing now
A. They are eating more fresh food.
B. Energy-dense food is not popular with them.
C. They buy more less nutritious food.
D. A balanced diet provides adequate nutrition for them.
6. Paragraph 3 is related to food ________.
A. gathering B. trade C. market D. processing
7. Which of the following leads to the shortage of fresh food
A. Growing concern for food security.
B. Inadequate ingredients.
C. Increased processed food.
D. Limited transport and supply.
【答案】CCDD
【解析】本文是说明文。不同的环境影响食品生产、加工、贸易、营销和消费。因此，食物的可获得性、可承受性以及消费者的膳食与营养状况不同。本文讲述了新冠病毒对食物体系的影响。
4. 主旨大意题。根据第一段“One possible picture is presented here to provide an idea on how COVID-19 might impact the global food system.”（这里提供一幅可能的图景，以说明新型冠状病毒可能如何影响全球粮食系统）可知，本文主要讲述了新冠病毒对食物体系有什么影响。故选C。
5. 推理判断题。根据第二段“People buy frozen, dried and canned food with longer shelf life. Energy-dense, less nutritious foods are often more affordable than fresh and nutritious one.”（人们购买冷冻,保质期较长的干燥和罐装食品。高能量、低营养的食物往往比新鲜、有营养的食物更便宜 ）可知，在新冠病毒爆发时，消费者的膳食与营养状况正在改变，人们会买更多缺少营养的食物。故选C。
6. 推理判断题。根据第三段“However, workers can get infected by each other if they do not maintain social distance properly. Shortage of labor can not only hamper food production, but also the processing of food.”（但是，如果不适当地保持社会距离，员工之间也会感染。劳动力短缺不仅影响食品生产，还影响食品加工）可知，第三段和食物加工有关。故选D。
7. 细节理解题。根据最后一段“On the other hand, the restriction in transport and supply can be the cause of food loss particularly for fresh fruits and vegetables. ”（另一方面，运输和供应方面的限制可能是粮食损失的原因，特别是新鲜水果和蔬菜）可知，有限的运输和供应造成新鲜食物的短缺。故选D。
C
Scientists have found that eating dark chocolate appears to lower the risk of depression by four fold. While 7.6 percent of the 13,000 people surveyed reported depressive symptoms, just 1.5 percent of the chocolate eaters did. The study also found that the people who consumed the most
of any chocolate were also 57 percent less likely to report depressive symptoms.
The study is the first to examine the association with depression according to the type of chocolate consumed. The team assessed data from 13,626 adults from the US National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey.
A range of other factors including height, weight, marital status, education, household income, physical activity, smoking and chronic (慢性的) health problems were also taken into account to ensure the study only measured chocolate's effect on depressive symptoms.
After adjusting for these factors, it was found that individuals who reported eating any dark chocolate in two 24-hour periods had 70 percent lower odds of reporting clinically relevant depressive symptoms in the previous two weeks than those who reported not eating chocolate at all.
Chocolate contains a number of psychoactive ingredients (精神活性成分) which produce a feeling of euphoria (兴奋感) similar to that of cannabinoid (大麻素), found in cannabis. It also contains phenylethylamine (苯基乙胺), which is believed to be important for regulating people's moods.
However British scientists urged caution about the findings, suggesting that the decision to eat dark chocolate could be linked to other health factors. For example, people who choose dark chocolate may be more health conscious in general, which is known to protect against depression.
Depressed people are also more likely to crave more sugary fatty foods and so could be less likely to pick a dark alternative when choosing chocolate.
8.What is the aim of the study
A.To find a cure for depression.
B.To find out the cause of depression.
C.To research on the ingredients of chocolate.
D.To study association between depression and chocolate.
9.What is phenylethylamine
A.Something that can make people excited.
B.Something that can adjust people's moods.
C.Something that can make people depressed.
D.Something that can make people overweight.
10.What is British scientists' attitude toward the findings
A. Supportive. B. Negative. C. Doubtful. D. Cautious.
11.What are depressed people more likely to do
A. Eat sugary fatty foods. B. Have dark chocolates.
C. Exercise outdoors. D. Concern about health.
【答案】DBDA
【解析】
8.D细节理解题。根据第二段第一句"The study is the first to examine the association with depression according to the type of chocolate consumed."可知，其目的是研究抑郁和食用巧克力的种类之间的关系。
9.B细节理解题。根据第五段最后一句中"which is believed to be important for regulating people's moods"可知，苯基乙胺是调节人们情绪的东西。
10.D推理判断题。根据第六段第一句"However British scientists urged caution about the findings, suggesting that the decision to eat dark chocolate could be linked to other health factors."可知，英国科学家对研究的发现持谨慎的态度。
11.A细节理解题。根据最后一段"Depressed people are also more likely to crave more sugary fatty foods and so could be less likely to pick a dark alternative when choosing chocolate."可知，抑郁的人也更有可能想吃更多的高糖高脂食物，因此在选择巧克力时，他们不太可能选择黑巧克力。
D
For Damen Fletcher, chess is much more than a game. This inspiring California man uses chess to coach young people from some of the most disadvantaged neighborhoods in Southern California and beyond to develop self-confidence, and find purpose in their lives.
Why does Fletcher choose chess to help kids and teens make the right moves in life The answer lies in his own life story. Fletcher, who learned to play this game of strategic skill at the age of 13, grew up in Compton, California. After heading farther to college, he returned home to find his friends struggling. As he explains; "Some of them had fallen into prison. Homeless and unemployed... and I just wondered，‘Why did I have such a different outcome 'And it was chess.”
So he set about building his own organization“Train of Thought”to help inner city kids find their own king or queen and life goals by learning problem solving, teamwork, and forward planning skills at an early age through chess, while enjoying themselves.
Fletcher highlights in an interview with Fox News that every game of chess is 75 to 100 moves, and every single move that your opponent makes presents a new problem for you to solve, so chess is a game in which the weak can turn out stronger. As Paige Stevenson, a 7th grader and already a keen chess player thanks to Fletcher's enthusiasm，tells the channel，“He has taught me not to give up because you can move and find a way out instead of losing.”
His organization has partnered with more than 100 schools to date and has taught more than50 ,000 students the game of Kings in California，with plans to expand in the US. It is an old proverb that children learn from play, and this is something that Fletcher is keen to stress. And as his website also explains : " If you think chess is just a game，you're not playing it right.”
12. What do we know about Damen Fletcher
A. He had a rough childhood. B. He likes nothing but chess.
C. He is a positive chess master. D. He is a famous social activist.
13. What inspired Fletcher to found “Train of Thought”
A. The value of chess. B. The college education.
c. His pursuit for success. D. His friends’ requirement.
14. Why did the author mention Paige Stevenson in paragraph 4
A. To compare different ideas.
B. To show Paige's enthusiasm.
C. To provide other information.
D. To support Fletcher's opinion.
15. What can be inferred about the game of Kings from the text
A. It can help kids grow up happily.
B. It may get kids addicted to chess.
C. It will become a required course.
D. It is active in schools in the world.
【答案】CADA
【解析】D篇介绍了Damen这位棋类大师的理念和项目，学生可以在游戏中快乐成长。总体考察对语篇段落的理解，有细节题，也出现了更深一层的对行文目的的推断，难度中等。
12. C 根据第一段就可以看出，Damen棋技高超，能指导他人，只有C射击类chess，符合题意。
13. A 根据第二段可以看出，Damen认为，比起那些生活挣扎的朋友们，他能取得如此高的成就正是因为下棋，因此启发他的就是因为下棋本身的价值。C选项有偏误，第二段的表述没有谈及他对棋的追求。
14. D 考察对行文目的的理解。结合第四段，前半部分在展示Damen的观点，即棋类游戏每一步都涉及问题解决，能由弱转强。Paige的讲话内容是围绕这个观点的，且赞同感谢这个观点，因此可以推测，行文的目的就是为了支持Damen的观点。
15. A 细节推理题。答案从最后一段中寻找。第三行的learn from play，可以看出孩子们会通过游戏来成长学习，是快乐的，A符合；B说上瘾是胡编乱造；C和D都错在过度解读，不能说已经变成义务课程，也不能说因为在美国推广就能在世界范围普及。
第二节(共5小题；每小题2.5分， 满分12.5分)
阅读下面短文， 从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
A Long and Healthy Life
Everyone wants to be healthy and live a long time. 1 Some years ago，a 90 year old American writer gave some advice for a long and healthy life：
Believe in yourself.
Keep your mind active.
Be positive(乐观的)．
Love people and enjoy helping others.
The women of Okinawa，in Japan，are another great example. 2 Their secret They exercise every day，they don’t have much stress in their lives，and，in general，they are positive and active.
But of course，diet is important，too. 3 They eat some meat，but they don’t eat any fat from the meat. And they eat seaweed(海藻)．This is good for the heart.
The Mediterranean diet is very healthy，too. It includes vegetables，tomatoes，fish，beans，cheese and rice. 4 It comes from olive oil and from fish.
So，what do these two diets tell us
Don’t eat any bad fats—like fats in sweets，fried food and meat.
Eat healthy vegetables，fruit and rice.
5 If you use oil，use a good one like olive oil. And avoid deep fried food!
If you’re a little hungry，eat an apple or a carrot—not a bag of potato chips!
Eat well，live an active and stress free life，and you’ll live a long time.
A．But how can we do it
B．The fat in this diet is “good fat”．
C．Be active and do exercise every day.
D．Don’t use too much oil when cooking.
E．Why do the Japanese women live the longest
F．The Okinawa women eat fish，green vegetables，carrots，fruit and sweet potatoes.
G．They live a long time，they are very healthy and they don’t have many diseases or heart problems.
【答案】AGFBD
【解析】
1．A 根据文中的“Everyone wants to be healthy and live a long time. ”与“Some years ago. . . advice for a long and healthy life”可知，横线处应该是对如何能够健康长寿提出的疑问，故选A。
2．G 根据上文中的“The women of Okinawa，in Japan，are another great example. ”可知，空处应是对冲绳的女人们的健康长寿情况的介绍。故G项符合此处语境。
3．F 联系语境及上文中的“But of course，diet is important，too. ”可知，饮食健康是冲绳女人长寿的一个重要原因，F项介绍了冲绳女人的饮食，故应选F。
4．B 根据下文中的“It comes from olive oil and from fish. ”可知，地中海饮食中的脂肪是从橄榄油和鱼中获取的，所以是健康的。
5．D 下文中的“If you use oil，use a good one like olive oil. And avoid deep fried food！”与D项“做饭不要用太多油”相呼应。
第二部分 语言运用(共两节，满分30分)
第一节(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文， 从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
An old man went to live with his son, daughter-in-law, and 4-year-old grandson. The old man’s hands 13 , his eyesight was not clear, and his 14 unsteady（不稳定的）. The family were 15 every night at the dinner table. But the elderly grandfather’s shaky hands and 16 sight made this rather difficult. Peas rolled off his spoon onto the floor. When he grasped the glass, 17 would often spill（洒落）onto the tablecloth.“We must do some-thing about grandfather,”said the husband.
So the husband and wife set a small table in the corner. There , grandfather ate 18 in the corner while the rest of the family enjoyed dinner at the dinner table 19 grandfather had already broken a dish or two , his food was served in a 20 bowl. Sometimes, when the family 21 grandfather, he had a tear in his eye as he ate alone 22 , the only words the couple had for him were sharp 23 when he dropped a fork or spilled food. The 4-year-old boy watched all this 24
One evening before supper, the father 25 his son playing with wood scraps（小块）on the floor. He asked the child sweetly :“What are you making ” Just as 26 , the boy answered:“Oh, I am making a little 27 for you and mama to eat your food from when I grow up.”The 4-year-old boy smiled and went back to 28 on it.
The words 29 the parents so much that they were 30 Then tears started to stream down their cheeks 31 no word was spoken , both knew what they had to do. That evening, the husband took grandfather’s hand and 32 led him back to the family table.
13. A. wounded B. moved C. trembled D. dragged
14. A. step B. feet C. speech D. body
15. A. away B. together C. asleep D. apart
16. A. losing B. failing C. disappearing D. rising
17. A. food B. pan C. milk D. dinner
18. A. alone B. casually C. steadily D. bitterly
19. A. After B. Since C. While D. When
20. A. small B. safe C. big D. wooden
21. A. glanced at B. stared at C. looked through D. looked after
22. A. However B. Otherwise C. Still D. Rather
23. A. comments B. quarrels C. warnings D. remark
24. A. in silence B. in advance C. in danger D. in charge
25. A. researched B. noticed C. searched D. explored
26. A. firmly B. suddenly C. cruelly D. sweetly
27. A. bowl B. cup C. spoon D. pan
28. A. worship B. work C. whisper D. weave
29. A. impressed B. touched C. confused D. struck
30. A. speechless B. homeless C. fearless D. hopeless
31. A. Once B. Whether C. Though D. Unless
32. A. gently B. happily C. fluently D. fortunately
【答案】13. C14. A15. B16. B17. C18. A19. B20. D21. A22. C23. C24. A25. B26. D27. A
28. B29. D30. A31. C32. A
【解析】
试题分析：文章讲述的是一个关爱老人的故事。老人年纪大了，手脚开始变得不听使唤。家人嫌弃手脚不便的老人，让老人单独吃饭，还经常批评老人打破餐具。这些场景都被四岁的孙子看到了，小男孩也学着爸爸妈妈的做法，给爸爸妈妈做木碗，等长大了让爸爸妈妈也用木碗吃饭。通过这件事，夫妇两人认识到了他们的错误。
13. C考查形容词辨析。A受伤的；B感动的；C颤抖的；D牵引的。根据第三行the elderly grandfather’s shaky hands可知，老人有手颤的毛病，故选C。
14. A考查名词辨析。A脚步，步子；B脚；C演讲；D身体。The old man’s hands , his eyesight was not clear, and his unsteady（不稳定的）. 老人手颤，视力不好，走起路来也不稳。根据句意可知，这里描述的是老人的肢体状况，故选A。
15. B考查形容词辨析。A离开；B一起；C睡着的；D分开的。根据Peas rolled off his spoon onto the floor.可知，一家人每晚聚在一起吃晚饭，故选B。
16. B考查形容词辨析。A失去的；B衰退的；C消失的；D上升的。这里指下降的视力，故选B。
17. C考查名词辨析。A食物；B平底锅，烤盘；C牛奶；D晚餐。When he grasped the glass, would often spill（洒落）onto the tablecloth.当他握住玻璃杯时，牛奶总是洒到桌布上。根据句意可知，被子里装的是液体，故选C。
18. A考查副词辨析。A单独，只有；B随意地；C稳定地；D强烈地，痛苦地。根据while the rest of the family enjoyed dinner at the dinner table可知，老人独自一人在角落里用餐，故选A。
19. B考查连接词。A在......之后；B自从，因为；C当......时候，尽管；D当。根据his food was served in a bowl可知，老人用的是木制的碗，防止老人吃饭时把碗打破。句子前后是因果关系，故选B。
20. D考查形容词辨析。A小的；B安全的；C大的；D木制的。根据grandfather had already broken a dish or two可知，老人已经打破了一两个碗，家人给老人换了木制的碗，不容易摔烂，故选D。
21. A考查动词短语辨析。A一瞥；B盯着看；C浏览；D照顾。Sometimes, when the family grandfather, he had a tear in his eye as he ate alone.有时，当家人瞥见老人时，老人眼里含着泪，故选A。
22. C考查副词辨析。A然而，表转折；B否则；C然而，不过；D相反。这里布标转折，用still加强语气，故选C。
23. C考查名词辨析。A评论B争吵；C警告；D评论，意见。sharp when he dropped a fork or spilled food当老人弄掉叉子或洒出食物时，夫妇两人总是说一些尖锐的话语警告老人，故选C。
24. A考查介词短语辨析。A静静地；B提前；C处于危险中；D负责。The 4-year-old boy watched all this 4岁的小男孩静静地看着这些事情，不敢吱声，故选A。
25. B考查动词辨析。A研究；B注意到；C搜寻；D探索。the father his son playing with wood scraps（小块）on the floor.父亲注意到儿子在玩一块木头，故选B。
26. D考查副词辨析。A坚决地，紧紧地；B突然；C残酷地；D甜美地，良好地。根据He asked the child sweetly可知，儿子用同样甜美的声音回答，故选D。
27. A考查名词辨析。A碗；B杯子；C汤匙；D平底锅。根据to eat your food from可知，儿子在为爸爸妈妈做一个木碗，故选A。
28. B考查动词辨析。A尊敬；B工作；C低语；D编织。went back to on it男孩说完后继续做木碗，work on继续工作，致力于，故选B。
29. D考查动词辨析。A给......深刻印象；B感动；C使困惑；D敲打。The words the parents so much男孩的话语让父母吓得目瞪口呆，struck使感到（惊讶），故选D。
30. A考查形容词辨析。A语塞的；B无家可归的；C无畏的；D无望的。The words the parents so much that they were .儿子说的话让父母吓了一跳，变得一时无话可说。故选A。
31. C考查从句辨析。A一旦；B是否；C尽管；D除非。 no word was spoken, both knew what they had to do.尽管夫妇俩什么也没说，但两人都知道该怎么做了。前后表示转折关系，故选C。
32. A考查副词辨析。A温和地；B开心地；C流利地；D幸运地。the husband took grandfather’s hand and led him back to the family table.男子握住老人的手，温和地把他带回到餐桌前。故选A。
第二节(共10小题；每小题1.5分， 满分15分)
阅读下面短文， 在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Traditional Chinese culture places much emphasis (重视) on food. Considered to be an important part of each day,33. (eat) is far beyond simply meeting a need. However, people are living in fast-paced society now, so they hardly have time to enjoy their food. They need fast food. That is34. China’s fast-food market expands.
A foreign fast-food restaurant35. (call) KFC arrived in China first, quickly followed by36. （other ）such as Pizza Hut and McDonald’s. With37. the (develop) of China, foreign fast-food chains are realizing high-speed38. (grow) in China. However, these “junk foods” have long been criticized by health experts because39. (their) can’t provide balanced nutrition(营养). The experts also show that some foreign fast food contains a food coloring, Sudan I,40. can cause cancer.
In fact, China has many of its own traditional fast-food dishes. Among them, dumplings, soybean milk and noodles41. (be) the most pared with foreign fast food, those traditional ones are healthier.42. many Chinese still enjoy the special taste and the good environment in the foreign fast-food chains even though there exist some potential（潜在的）risks.
【答案】33. eating 34. why 35. called 36. others 37. development
38. growth 39. they 40. which 41. are 42. But
【解析】
33. eating 作主语用动名词形式。
34. why后面介绍了快餐在中国的发展，这里是表示“为什么”。
35. called 用过去分词作定语，句意为“被叫作KFC的一家外国快餐店首先进入中国”。
36. others随后其他的必胜客和麦当劳也跟着进来了。others在这里指其他的快餐厅。
37. development随着中国的发展。with表“随着”。
38. growth作宾语用它的名词形式growth。
39. they这里指肯德基、麦当劳等洋快餐，所以用they。
40. which空格所在的句子缺少主语，而这一句与前一句之间用逗号连接，故可以判定是定语从句，结合上下文，应该填which。
41. are最高级前用定冠词the。
42. But前后文是转折关系，故用but。
考点：考查非谓语动词、名词、代词、连词及定语从句等语法知识
第三部分 写作(共两节， 满分40分)
第一节 应用文写作 （满分15分)
假设你是红星中学高三学生李华，你的英国笔友 Jim 在邮件中谈到近年来全球掀起的剩食运动（Waste No Food Movement），例如：推行打包及食物共享文化、鼓励购买即期品，并将厨余分类回收后加以利用。请你回邮件，说明你对此现象的看法，内容包括：
1. 你对剩食运动的看法；
2. 你或者你周围人的做法。
注意 ：1. 词数不少于50；
2. 开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。
提示词： leftover n. 剩余食物; adj. 剩余的
Dear Jim,
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Hua
【答案】
Dear Jim,
It’s great to hear from you. I’m strongly supportive of “Waste No Food Movement” for the following two reasons.
To begin with, food shortage is a problem concerning the whole world, so we should take every small action to save food. Besides, the movement appeals to people to classify and recycle food waste, which is obviously wonderful to protect the environment.
In my life, I’ve witnessed many practical acts. For example, while eating outside, we tend to pack leftovers. Nowadays, more and more Chinese are practicing garbage classification. We put the leftover aside to make it possible and easier to reuse.
What do you think of the movement Looking forward to your brilliant idea.
Yours,
Li Hua
【分析】
本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求给朋友回邮件。
【详解】
第一步：根据提示可知，假设你是红星中学高三学生李华，你的英国笔友 Jim 在邮件中谈到近年来全球掀起的剩食运动（Waste No Food Movement），例如：推行打包及食物共享文化、鼓励购买即期品，并将厨余分类回收后加以利用。请你回邮件，说明你对此现象的看法，内容包括：1. 你对剩食运动的看法； 2. 你或者你周围人的做法。
第二步：根据写作要求确定关键词（组），如：strongly supportive, food shortage, save food, appeals to, classify and recycle, protect the environment, practical acts, pack leftovers, garbage classification.
第三步：根据提示和关键词（组）进行遣词造句，注意主谓一致和时态问题。
第四步：连句成文，注意使用恰当的连词进行句子之间的衔接和过渡，书写一定要规范清晰，保持整洁美观的卷面是非常重要的。
【点睛】
范文内容完整，语言规范，语篇连贯，词数适当。作者在范文中使用了较多高级表达方式，如the movement appeals to people to classify and recycle food waste, which is obviously wonderful to protect the environment.运用了非限制性定语从句；while eating outside, we tend to pack leftovers.是状语从句的省略；We put the leftover aside to make it possible and easier to reuse.运用了it作形式宾语。全文中没有中国式英语的句式，显示了很高的驾驭英语的能力。另外，文章思路清晰，层次分明，上下句转换自然，为文章增色添彩。
第二节(满分25分)
阅读下面材料,根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段,使之构成一篇完整的短文。
My mother always told me it was better to be smart than to be beautiful. “If you are smart，finally you will afford to be beautiful. ” All I needed were the brains，and someday，I would be a really beautiful lawyer.
My mother worked at a TV station and I would come along and watch the magic of filming TV shows. But all the same，I was learning.
When my father’s business failed，I was able to continue to attend one of the best bilingual(双语的) schools in Mexico City thanks to scholarship. Scholarship followed me into middle school and high school.
However，during my senior year in high school my family moved to my dad’s country，the United States. For the first time in my life，I had optional(可选择的) classes. So I decided to take psychology class. While I found the public school system to be a joke，I did find my psychology class attractive. My mother，in her dreams for my life，did not see psychology as a good choice，but I was like her，strong willed to the subject.
I married young，even before I had a degree under my belt. Worst of all，I married a kid who wanted to be poster(牧师)．My mother loved Andy dearly but she would ask him occasionally，“When will you have a real job？” I did finish my degree and I became a social worker，but when I had my first child at age 24，I quit my job. Then at 26，another baby girl joined our family. Unfortunately，this baby girl had Down syndrome(唐氏综合征)．
How would I be able to break the news to my mother “It is better to be smart than to be beautiful. ” I knew what “smart” meant in the statement，and I doubted if my baby with an extra chromosome(染色体) would meet those expectations. My mom was coming to the hospital to meet her new grand baby. I would tell her then. I needed time to gather my thoughts. I was afraid，afraid that she would see Nichole as one that would never be smart. . . or beautiful.
Paragraph 1：
My mother arrived at the hospital mid morning，ready to meet her new granddaughter.
Paragraph 2：
Six years later，Nichole runs to mom whenever we see each other.
参考答案
My mother arrived at the hospital mid morning，ready to meet her new granddaughter. I was at a loss because this baby girl had Down syndrome. I didn’t know how to meet my mother. I was afraid. When I told her the truth，she didn’t say a word for a long time. I realized that she wouldn’t accept the baby. She always says that “It is better to be smart than to be beautiful. ” But I was wrong. At last she told me that I should face the reality bravely. We should support her new grand baby well.
Six years later，Nichole runs to mom whenever we see each other. Every time my mother plays with her new grand baby happily and buys some beautiful toys though the girl is suffering from serious disease. The girl gets on well with my mother. She never looks down upon her grand baby who is in difficulty. In the hospital we didn’t abandon the disabled baby and decided to bring her up. Then we knew we chose a tough way but from then on we have never regretted for it. Instead，I think it was a right choice，I love my mother and we all love my children.Unit 3 Food and Culture单元测试卷
第一部分 阅读(共两节， 满分50分)
第一节(共15小题；每小题2.5分， 满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文， 从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
When it comes to materials to do good to our body, it must be mentioned that there are all sorts of foods to everyone's taste. Some foods are known to have a completely ruined effect on your brain function, and nutritionists advise us not to consume them too much in order to limit their negative impacts.
Here are the top five foods that kill your intelligence.
1. Sugar
Sugar and sugary products are bad not only for your waistline, but for your brain function as well. Long-term consumption of sugar can create a lot of neurological (神经系统的) problems, and it can also do harm to your memory. On the other hand, sugar can also bring damage to your ability to learn. So avoid the products.
2. Alcohol
Alcohol is known to harm your liver (肝) in the long run, and it also causes what is known as "brain fog", a feeling of mental confusion. It acts like a cloud that impacts your ability to think clearly, as well as your memory. Have you ever noticed that you cannot remember common items' names This might be influenced by high alcohol intake, which impacts the balance of the brain.
3. Junk Food
A recent study has revealed that junk food can change the chemicals in the brain, thus leading to symptoms associated with depression and anxiety. Besides, foods that are high in fat can also produce some symptoms that are similar to the signs of "miss" when you stop consuming them. These foods affect the production of dopamine (多巴胺), an important chemical that promotes happiness and an overall feeling of well-being.
4. Very Salty Foods
Everybody knows that salty foods affect your blood pressure and they are very hard on your heart. However, as research suggests, foods that contain high amounts of salt can affect your learning function and make your ability to think imperfect. Otherwise stated, salty foods affect your intelligence! As a matter of fact, the consumption of salty foods has been shown to have the same effect as taking drugs, as it can cause uncomfortable symptoms and hunger for salty foods.
5. Foods with Processed Proteins (蛋白质)
Meat is the richest source of high-quality protein, but avoid overly processed proteins such as hot dogs, sausages and so on. Unlike the natural proteins that help your body protect the nervous system, processed proteins do exactly the opposite. Better choose natural products, such as fish, dairy products, and seeds as these are natural, high-quality protein sources.
1. Which group of foods may affect your memory
A. Sugar and alcohol.
B. Sugar and junk food.
C. Alcohol and junk food.
D. Sugar and very salty foods.
2. If you want to promote happiness, which of the following should you stop eating
A. Sugar.
B. Foods with processed proteins.
C. Alcohol.
D. Junk food.
3. Compared to the overly processed proteins, which of the following is an advantage of the natural proteins
A. The protection of the nervous system.
B. The increase of dopamine.
C. The protection of your intelligence.
D. The increase of happiness.
B
Different contexts affect food production, processing, trade, marketing and consumption. As a result of this, the food availability, accessibility, and affordability— as well as consumers’ dietary behaviour and nutritional status—vary. One possible picture is presented here to provide an idea on how COVID-19 might impact the global food system.
Consumer demand plays a crucial role in food production and their demands depend on purchasing power and preference. Because of the lockdown, there is no work for many people. As a result, they do not have enough money to buy adequate food for their families. The closure of restaurants, school meals and tourism businesses may reduce the demand for fresh food. People buy frozen. dried and canned food with longer shelf life. Energy-dense, less nutritious foods are often more affordable than fresh and nutritious one.
According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, COVID-19 is not likely to be transmitted through food. However, workers can get infected by each other if they do not maintain social distance properly. Shortage of labor can not only hamper food production, but also the processing of food.
Around the world, millions of people depend on international trade either for then- livelihood or food security. The virus outbreak might slow down global trade and marketing of food. As a result, countries depending on imported food can face difficulties. The closure of ports and other supply restrictions will hamper food supply. The price of transferring food within and outside of the country may get more expensive. It means import may get more expensive and export may bring less money. On the other hand, the restriction in transport and supply can be the cause of food loss particularly for fresh fruits and panies may face difficulties to import the ingredients for different products which may disturb the production.
4. The passage is mainly about ________.
A. why the food system is easily affected by COVID-19
B. how the world may be affected by COVID-19 outbreak
C. what effect COVID-19 may have on the food system
D. what contexts affect food production
5. How is consumers’ dietary behavior changing now
A. They are eating more fresh food.
B. Energy-dense food is not popular with them.
C. They buy more less nutritious food.
D. A balanced diet provides adequate nutrition for them.
6. Paragraph 3 is related to food ________.
A. gathering B. trade C. market D. processing
7. Which of the following leads to the shortage of fresh food
A. Growing concern for food security.
B. Inadequate ingredients.
C. Increased processed food.
D. Limited transport and supply.
C
Scientists have found that eating dark chocolate appears to lower the risk of depression by four fold. While 7.6 percent of the 13,000 people surveyed reported depressive symptoms, just 1.5 percent of the chocolate eaters did. The study also found that the people who consumed the most
of any chocolate were also 57 percent less likely to report depressive symptoms.
The study is the first to examine the association with depression according to the type of chocolate consumed. The team assessed data from 13,626 adults from the US National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey.
A range of other factors including height, weight, marital status, education, household income, physical activity, smoking and chronic (慢性的) health problems were also taken into account to ensure the study only measured chocolate's effect on depressive symptoms.
After adjusting for these factors, it was found that individuals who reported eating any dark chocolate in two 24-hour periods had 70 percent lower odds of reporting clinically relevant depressive symptoms in the previous two weeks than those who reported not eating chocolate at all.
Chocolate contains a number of psychoactive ingredients (精神活性成分) which produce a feeling of euphoria (兴奋感) similar to that of cannabinoid (大麻素), found in cannabis. It also contains phenylethylamine (苯基乙胺), which is believed to be important for regulating people's moods.
However British scientists urged caution about the findings, suggesting that the decision to eat dark chocolate could be linked to other health factors. For example, people who choose dark chocolate may be more health conscious in general, which is known to protect against depression.
Depressed people are also more likely to crave more sugary fatty foods and so could be less likely to pick a dark alternative when choosing chocolate.
8.What is the aim of the study
A.To find a cure for depression.
B.To find out the cause of depression.
C.To research on the ingredients of chocolate.
D.To study association between depression and chocolate.
9.What is phenylethylamine
A.Something that can make people excited.
B.Something that can adjust people's moods.
C.Something that can make people depressed.
D.Something that can make people overweight.
10.What is British scientists' attitude toward the findings
A. Supportive. B. Negative. C. Doubtful. D. Cautious.
11.What are depressed people more likely to do
A. Eat sugary fatty foods. B. Have dark chocolates.
C. Exercise outdoors. D. Concern about health.
D
For Damen Fletcher, chess is much more than a game. This inspiring California man uses chess to coach young people from some of the most disadvantaged neighborhoods in Southern California and beyond to develop self-confidence, and find purpose in their lives.
Why does Fletcher choose chess to help kids and teens make the right moves in life The answer lies in his own life story. Fletcher, who learned to play this game of strategic skill at the age of 13, grew up in Compton, California. After heading farther to college, he returned home to find his friends struggling. As he explains; "Some of them had fallen into prison. Homeless and unemployed... and I just wondered，‘Why did I have such a different outcome 'And it was chess.”
So he set about building his own organization“Train of Thought”to help inner city kids find their own king or queen and life goals by learning problem solving, teamwork, and forward planning skills at an early age through chess, while enjoying themselves.
Fletcher highlights in an interview with Fox News that every game of chess is 75 to 100 moves, and every single move that your opponent makes presents a new problem for you to solve, so chess is a game in which the weak can turn out stronger. As Paige Stevenson, a 7th grader and already a keen chess player thanks to Fletcher's enthusiasm，tells the channel，“He has taught me not to give up because you can move and find a way out instead of losing.”
His organization has partnered with more than 100 schools to date and has taught more than50 ,000 students the game of Kings in California，with plans to expand in the US. It is an old proverb that children learn from play, and this is something that Fletcher is keen to stress. And as his website also explains : " If you think chess is just a game，you're not playing it right.”
12. What do we know about Damen Fletcher
A. He had a rough childhood. B. He likes nothing but chess.
C. He is a positive chess master. D. He is a famous social activist.
13. What inspired Fletcher to found “Train of Thought”
A. The value of chess. B. The college education.
c. His pursuit for success. D. His friends’ requirement.
14. Why did the author mention Paige Stevenson in paragraph 4
A. To compare different ideas.
B. To show Paige's enthusiasm.
C. To provide other information.
D. To support Fletcher's opinion.
15. What can be inferred about the game of Kings from the text
A. It can help kids grow up happily.
B. It may get kids addicted to chess.
C. It will become a required course.
D. It is active in schools in the world.
第二节(共5小题；每小题2.5分， 满分12.5分)
阅读下面短文， 从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
A Long and Healthy Life
Everyone wants to be healthy and live a long time. 1 Some years ago，a 90 year old American writer gave some advice for a long and healthy life：
Believe in yourself.
Keep your mind active.
Be positive(乐观的)．
Love people and enjoy helping others.
The women of Okinawa，in Japan，are another great example. 2 Their secret They exercise every day，they don’t have much stress in their lives，and，in general，they are positive and active.
But of course，diet is important，too. 3 They eat some meat，but they don’t eat any fat from the meat. And they eat seaweed(海藻)．This is good for the heart.
The Mediterranean diet is very healthy，too. It includes vegetables，tomatoes，fish，beans，cheese and rice. 4 It comes from olive oil and from fish.
So，what do these two diets tell us
Don’t eat any bad fats—like fats in sweets，fried food and meat.
Eat healthy vegetables，fruit and rice.
5 If you use oil，use a good one like olive oil. And avoid deep fried food!
If you’re a little hungry，eat an apple or a carrot—not a bag of potato chips!
Eat well，live an active and stress free life，and you’ll live a long time.
A．But how can we do it
B．The fat in this diet is “good fat”．
C．Be active and do exercise every day.
D．Don’t use too much oil when cooking.
E．Why do the Japanese women live the longest
F．The Okinawa women eat fish，green vegetables，carrots，fruit and sweet potatoes.
G．They live a long time，they are very healthy and they don’t have many diseases or heart problems.
第二部分 语言运用(共两节，满分30分)
第一节(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文， 从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
An old man went to live with his son, daughter-in-law, and 4-year-old grandson. The old man’s hands 13 , his eyesight was not clear, and his 14 unsteady（不稳定的）. The family were 15 every night at the dinner table. But the elderly grandfather’s shaky hands and 16 sight made this rather difficult. Peas rolled off his spoon onto the floor. When he grasped the glass, 17 would often spill（洒落）onto the tablecloth.“We must do some-thing about grandfather,”said the husband.
So the husband and wife set a small table in the corner. There , grandfather ate 18 in the corner while the rest of the family enjoyed dinner at the dinner table 19 grandfather had already broken a dish or two , his food was served in a 20 bowl. Sometimes, when the family 21 grandfather, he had a tear in his eye as he ate alone 22 , the only words the couple had for him were sharp 23 when he dropped a fork or spilled food. The 4-year-old boy watched all this 24
One evening before supper, the father 25 his son playing with wood scraps（小块）on the floor. He asked the child sweetly :“What are you making ” Just as 26 , the boy answered:“Oh, I am making a little 27 for you and mama to eat your food from when I grow up.”The 4-year-old boy smiled and went back to 28 on it.
The words 29 the parents so much that they were 30 Then tears started to stream down their cheeks 31 no word was spoken , both knew what they had to do. That evening, the husband took grandfather’s hand and 32 led him back to the family table.
13. A. wounded B. moved C. trembled D. dragged
14. A. step B. feet C. speech D. body
15. A. away B. together C. asleep D. apart
16. A. losing B. failing C. disappearing D. rising
17. A. food B. pan C. milk D. dinner
18. A. alone B. casually C. steadily D. bitterly
19. A. After B. Since C. While D. When
20. A. small B. safe C. big D. wooden
21. A. glanced at B. stared at C. looked through D. looked after
22. A. However B. Otherwise C. Still D. Rather
23. A. comments B. quarrels C. warnings D. remark
24. A. in silence B. in advance C. in danger D. in charge
25. A. researched B. noticed C. searched D. explored
26. A. firmly B. suddenly C. cruelly D. sweetly
27. A. bowl B. cup C. spoon D. pan
28. A. worship B. work C. whisper D. weave
29. A. impressed B. touched C. confused D. struck
30. A. speechless B. homeless C. fearless D. hopeless
31. A. Once B. Whether C. Though D. Unless
32. A. gently B. happily C. fluently D. fortunately
第二节(共10小题；每小题1.5分， 满分15分)
阅读下面短文， 在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Traditional Chinese culture places much emphasis (重视) on food. Considered to be an important part of each day,33. (eat) is far beyond simply meeting a need. However, people are living in fast-paced society now, so they hardly have time to enjoy their food. They need fast food. That is34. China’s fast-food market expands.
A foreign fast-food restaurant35. (call) KFC arrived in China first, quickly followed by36. （other ）such as Pizza Hut and McDonald’s. With37. the (develop) of China, foreign fast-food chains are realizing high-speed38. (grow) in China. However, these “junk foods” have long been criticized by health experts because39. (their) can’t provide balanced nutrition(营养). The experts also show that some foreign fast food contains a food coloring, Sudan I,40. can cause cancer.
In fact, China has many of its own traditional fast-food dishes. Among them, dumplings, soybean milk and noodles41. (be) the most pared with foreign fast food, those traditional ones are healthier.42. many Chinese still enjoy the special taste and the good environment in the foreign fast-food chains even though there exist some potential（潜在的）risks.
第三部分 写作(共两节， 满分40分)
第一节 应用文写作 （满分15分)
假设你是红星中学高三学生李华，你的英国笔友 Jim 在邮件中谈到近年来全球掀起的剩食运动（Waste No Food Movement），例如：推行打包及食物共享文化、鼓励购买即期品，并将厨余分类回收后加以利用。请你回邮件，说明你对此现象的看法，内容包括：
1. 你对剩食运动的看法；
2. 你或者你周围人的做法。
注意 ：1. 词数不少于50；
2. 开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。
提示词： leftover n. 剩余食物; adj. 剩余的
Dear Jim,
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Hua
第二节(满分25分)
阅读下面材料,根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段,使之构成一篇完整的短文。
My mother always told me it was better to be smart than to be beautiful. “If you are smart，finally you will afford to be beautiful. ” All I needed were the brains，and someday，I would be a really beautiful lawyer.
My mother worked at a TV station and I would come along and watch the magic of filming TV shows. But all the same，I was learning.
When my father’s business failed，I was able to continue to attend one of the best bilingual(双语的) schools in Mexico City thanks to scholarship. Scholarship followed me into middle school and high school.
However，during my senior year in high school my family moved to my dad’s country，the United States. For the first time in my life，I had optional(可选择的) classes. So I decided to take psychology class. While I found the public school system to be a joke，I did find my psychology class attractive. My mother，in her dreams for my life，did not see psychology as a good choice，but I was like her，strong willed to the subject.
I married young，even before I had a degree under my belt. Worst of all，I married a kid who wanted to be poster(牧师)．My mother loved Andy dearly but she would ask him occasionally，“When will you have a real job？” I did finish my degree and I became a social worker，but when I had my first child at age 24，I quit my job. Then at 26，another baby girl joined our family. Unfortunately，this baby girl had Down syndrome(唐氏综合征)．
How would I be able to break the news to my mother “It is better to be smart than to be beautiful. ” I knew what “smart” meant in the statement，and I doubted if my baby with an extra chromosome(染色体) would meet those expectations. My mom was coming to the hospital to meet her new grand baby. I would tell her then. I needed time to gather my thoughts. I was afraid，afraid that she would see Nichole as one that would never be smart. . . or beautiful.
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My mother arrived at the hospital mid morning，ready to meet her new granddaughter.
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Six years later，Nichole runs to mom whenever we see each other.
