Unit 2 Wildlife Protection
Section B Discovering Useful Structures 学案
学习目标
1、学会本节单词、短语
2、掌握本节句型结构。
语法解析
现在进行时的被动语态
一、基本结构:
1.现在进行时态的被动语态的肯定式为:
am/is/are + being + done。
如:The question is being discussed at the meeting now.
这个问题现在正在会上被讨论。
Another bridge is being built over the Changjiang River at present.
目前长江上正在建造另一座大桥。
2.现在进行时态的被动语态的否定式为:am/is/are + not + being + done。
如:The baby isn’t being taken good care of. 这婴儿没在得到很好的照顾。
The animals are not being set free at present. 目前这些动物还不能被放出。
3.现在进行时态的被动语态的一般疑问句需将am/is/are 提到主语的前面。
---Is a new library being put up in their school now?
---Yes, it is.
甲:他们学校现在正在建一座新图书馆吗。
乙:是,正在建一座新图书馆
---Are a number of Dongfeng trucks being shipped abroad
---No, they aren’t.
甲:一批东风卡车正被运往国外吗?
乙:不,没有。
4.现在进行时态的被动语态的特殊疑问句为:疑问词 + am/is/are + (主语) + being + done。
如:What is being done to the machine
现在对这台机器要采取什么措施?
How many houses are being built in the village
村里正在建造多少房屋?
When is the sports meeting being held in our school
我校将在什么时候举行运动会?
二、用法:
1.现在进行时态的被动语态的同它的主动语态一样,表示现在正在进行的被动动作。
He is being interviewed by our headmaster now.
他正在接受我们校长的采访。
This film is being shown now.
这部电影正在被放映。
2.现在进行时态的被动语态的同它的主动语态一样,表示现阶段正在进行的被动动作。
The disease is being studied by scientists.
科学家们正在研究这种疾病。
These animals are being hunted at such a speed that they will disappear soon.
以如此速度捕杀动物,他们很快就会消失。
现在进行时被动语态五个提醒
一、不可遗漏being
现在进行时的被动语态表示说话时主语正在承受谓语动词的动作,谓语动词的形式为“is/are/am+being+过去分词”。如果把being漏掉,就成为一般现在时被动语态或系表结构。试比较下列句子:
Look! The children are being taken care of by their aunt.
瞧!孩子们现在正由姑母照看着。
Children are taken good care of at school.
孩子们在校被照看得很好。(指通常情况)
The report is being written by one of the best students.
报告正在由一个最好的学生写着呢。
The report is well written.
报告写得很好。(系表结构)
二. 表示现阶段
现在进行时被动语态也可以表示目前这一阶段主语正在承受谓语动词的动作。
Many interesting experiments are being carried out these days.
最近正在进行许多有趣的实验。(说话时,并不一定在进行)
三. 表示计划或安排
现在进行时被动语态还可表示按计划、安排主语将要承受谓语动词的动作(仅限于bring,take,send,hold,sing,show,play等表示移动的或能用来表示某项活动的少数及物动词)。 A folk song is being sung next.
下面将演唱一首民间歌曲。
A party is being held tonight.
今晚将要举行一场晚会。
四. 没有进行时被动语态
contain,include,impress,feel,want,like,love,satisfy,surprise,own等一些表示状态、 心理活动、拥有等意义的动词(和主动语态一样)一般不用进行时被动语态,常用一般现在时被动语态表示此时此刻或目前主语承受谓语动词的动作。
Xiao Wang, come here. You are wanted on the phone.
小王,过来,有人打电话找你呢。
Football is becoming more and more popular. In other words, it is loved by more and more people.
足球现在越来越流行了,换句话说,它被越来越多的人喜爱。
五. 其它形式表示被动结构
“be+under/in等介词+名词”结构可代替进行时被动语态。
The city is under attack(=is being attacked)at the moment.
目前这个城市正受到进攻。
The telephone is in use(=is being used)now. 电话正在使用中。
练习
一、完成句子
1.由于天气恶劣,滨海公路封闭。
The coast road is closed___________ ___________ ___________ ___________.
2.这结果可能纯属意外。
The results could simply be___________ ___________ ___________.
3.他们制订并实施了一项降低燃料消耗的计划。
They drew up and carried out a plan________ ________ ________ ________.
4.许多海鸟死于这次石油泄漏。
Many seabirds died ________ the oil spill.
5.正在为他们准备一间旅馆客房。
A hotel room ________________ for them.
6.你不被允许进入会议室,因为里面正在制订一项秘密计划。
You aren’t allowed to enter the meeting room because a secret plan ______ ______ ______.
7.几条新路线正在修建,不久就要竣工了。
Several new lines ______ ______ ______ and will be completed in the near future.
8.由于天气不好我们推迟了校运动会。
We put off the school sports meeting __________________.
9.由于与环境相关的探险旅游越来越受欢迎,各种类型的旅行现在被归类为生态旅游。
__________________ of environmentally-related and adventure travel, various types of trips are now being classified as ecotourism.
10.我姐姐正在接受心脏病的治疗。
My sister ________ ________ ________ ________ a heart condition.
二、用单词的适当形式完成句子
11.With more forests being destroyed, huge quantities of earth ________(wash) away each year. (所给词的适当形式填空)
12.Many accidents were due _________ pilot misjudgement. (用适当的词填空)
13.It was reported that all the flights were delayed due __________ the terrible weather. (用适当的词填空)
14.He said the production costs ________ (reduce). (所给词的适当形式填空)
15.Due ______ the ongoing drought, the crops failed again last summer. Many volunteers engaged in helping the hungry. (用适当的词填空)
答案以及解析
1. due to bad weather
【详解】考查介词短语。句意:由于天气恶劣,滨海公路封闭。“由于”为due to,“恶劣的天气”为bad weather。故填①due②to③bad④weather。
2. due to chance
【详解】考查固定短语和名词。根据句意可知,空格处涉及固定短语“due to”,意为“由于,因为”,“chance”意为“意外”,为不可数名词,“due to chance”表示“纯属意外”。故填due to chance。
3. to reduce fuel consumption
【详解】考查不定式和名词。表示“降低”用reduce,此处应用其不定式形式作目的状语,表示“油耗”用fuel consumption,作宾语。故填to;reduce;fuel;consumption。
4.due to##as a result of##because of##owing to##on account of##resulting from
【详解】考查固定短语。句意:许多海鸟因石油泄漏而死亡。根据汉语提示,可以用介词短语due to/as a result of/because of/owing to/ on account of来表示“因为”。动词短语result from后面也加原因,译为“起因于”,此处需要用现在分词作状语,即resulting from。故答案为due to/as a result of/because of/owing to/ on account of/resulting from。
5.is being prepared
【详解】考查现在进行时的被动语态。根据“正在”可知,此处应用现在进行时态。表示“准备”应用动词prepare,主语a hotel room与prepare构成被动关系,故用现在进行时的被动语态,主语是单数。故填is being prepared。
6. is being made
【详解】考查时态语态。根据句意可知,本句为现在进行时,主语a secret plan 与谓语make为被动关系,所以本句为现在进行时的被动语态。故填is being made。
7. are being built
【详解】 考查动词、时态和语态。表示“修建”用build;主语Several new lines是复数形式,且与谓语之间是被动关系,应用被动语态,谓语应用复数形式;本题表述的是路线正在被修建,应用现在进行时的被动语态,即主语+am/is/are+being+过去分词结构;故填①are②being③built。
8.due to the bad weather
【详解】考查短语。表示“由于”的短语为due to;表示“天气”的英文为weather;表示“不好”的英文为bad,“天气不好”为the bad weather。故答案为due to the bad weather。
9.Due to the growing popularity
【详解】考查介词短语。根据汉语提示设空处应该是用介词短语作状语。根据汉语提示,表示“因为”应用due to;表示“越来越受欢迎”应用growing popularity,其中growing为形容词,意为“不断增长的”,popularity为不可数名词意为“欢迎,流行”。同时该空置于句首,开头单词首字母应该大写。故填Due to the growing popularity。
10. is being treated for
【详解】考查现在进行时的被动语态。分析句子可知,空格处是该句子的谓语部分;根据汉语提示,“因……接受治疗”翻译为treat...for...;句子主语my sister和谓语动词treat之间是被动关系,所以应该用被动语态;而根据汉语提示“正在接受治疗”,句子应该用现在进行时,所以谓语应该用现在进行时的被动语态。故填is being treated for。
11.are being washed
【详解】考查时态语态和主谓一致。句意:随着越来越多的森林被破坏,每年都有大量的泥土被冲走。large/huge quantities of…作主语,表示“很多……”,不管后接复数名词还是不可数名词,谓语动词与quantities一致用复数,结合语境该动作还在进行又是被动语态,故填are being washed。
12.to
【详解】考查介词。句意:许多事故是由于飞行员的误判造成的。due to由于。根据句意,故填to。
13.to
【详解】考查介词。句意:据报道,由于糟糕的天气,所有的航班都被推迟了。短语due to为固定搭配,意为“由于”,符合题意。故填to。
14.had been reduced
【详解】考查动词语态。句意:他说生产成本已经降低了。reduce与主语the production costs是逻辑动宾关系,应用被动语态,动作发生在said之前,属于“过去的过去”,应用过去完成时。故填had been reduced。
15.to
【详解】考查介词。句意:由于持续的干旱,去年夏天庄稼又欠收了。许多志愿者都在帮助饥民。句中due to为固定搭配,意为“因为,由于”。故填to。
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