Unit 4 Astronomy: the science of the stars课时跟踪检测(七)
课时跟踪检测(七) Warming Up & Reading — Language Points
Ⅰ.用所给词的适当形式填空
1．More violent (violence) scenes in the film were cut when it was shown on television.
2．Some understanding of grammar is fundamental (fundament) to learning a language.
3．It is generally accepted that smoking is harmful (harm) to our health.
4．Mary was reading a poem with a puzzled (puzzle) expression on her face.Its deeper meaning remained a puzzle (puzzle) for her.
5．One day while we were lying (lie) in the bed, my son lied (lie) to me that he laid (lay) the eggs that the hen had just laid (lay) on the table.
6．Unlike (like) most people in the office who come to work by car, I usually come to work by bus.
Ⅱ.单项填空
1．You'd better give up using that kind of medicine, because it may be________ to your stomach.
A．rude B．gentle
C．harmful D．limited
解析：选C。考查形容词辨析。be harmful to ...相当于do harm to ...，表示“对……有害”。
2．The Presidents of the two countries are holding talks in a friendly________.
A．atmosphere B．state
C．situation D．system
解析：选A。考查名词辨析。句意：两国总统在友好的气氛中举行会谈。atmosphere“气氛”，符合句意。state“状态”；situation“形势”；system“系统”。
3．What we need to learn is how to put ________ into practice when we begin to work.
A．system B．belief
C．theory D．adventure
解析：选C。句意：当我们开始工作时，需要学习的就是怎样将理论付诸实践。theory“学说；理论”，put theory into practice为固定短语，表示“将理论付诸于实践”。system“系统；制度”；belief“信念”；adventure“冒险”。
4．Although the traffic was heavy, I managed to be ________ for the important lecture.
A．at a time B．in time
C．at times D．in no time
解析：选B。句意：尽管遇到了交通堵塞，我还是设法及时地参加了那个重要的讲座。in time“及时”，符合句意。at a time“每次”；at times“有时”；in no time“立即；马上”。
5．Getting more information on how to use these tools can________ your chances of success.
A．get B．multiply
C．add D．gain
解析：选B。考查动词辨析。句意：获得更多如何使用这些工具的信息能增加你成功的机会。multiply“增加”，符合句意。get“得到”；add“增加”，如果add后加to则可选此项；gain“获得；得到”。
6．The car doesn't belong to me.________， it is impossible for me to lend it to you.
A．Yet B．Still
C．Thus D．Though
解析：选C。考查副词辨析。根据句意可知两句之间是因果关系，故选C项。thus是副词，意为“因此；于是”。
7．That's really a ________problem；no wonder all the students looked________.
A．puzzled; puzzling B．puzzled; puzzled
C．puzzling; puzzling D．puzzling; puzzled
解析：选D。考查形容词辨析。a puzzling problem“一个令人困惑的问题”；look puzzled “看起来被弄糊涂了”。
8．His wife gave ________ birth to a lovely baby and he planned to hold ________ party to celebrate it.
A．a; a B．不填； a
C．不填； the D．the; a
解析：选B。give birth to“产生；分娩”，为固定短语；“举行一个聚会来庆祝”为泛指，故B项正确。
9．In many parts of China, there still ________ the idea that boys are more important than girls.
A．existence B．existed
C．is existing D．exists
解析：选D。there exists ...“……在/存在”。由“still”一词可知，此处最佳时态应为一般现在时。
10．The fact that she was foreign made ________ difficult for her to get a job in that country.
A．so B．much
C．that D．it
解析：选D。句意：她是外国人这个事实使她很难在那个国家找到工作。it是形式主语，真正主语是to get a job in that country。
Ⅲ.阅读理解
A
Edmund Halley was an English scientist who lived over 200 years ago.He studied the observations of comets (彗星) which other scientists had made.The orbit of one particular comet was a very difficult mathematical problem.He could not figure it out.Neither could other scientists who dealt with such problems.
However, Halley had a friend named Newton, who was a brilliant mathematician.Newton thought he had already worked out that problem, but he could not find the papers on which he had done it.He told Halley that the orbit of a comet had the shape of an ellipse (椭圆)．
Now Halley set to work.He figured out (解决；计算出) the orbits of some of the comets that had been observed by scientists.He made a surprising discovery.The comets that had appeared in the years 1531, 1607, and 1682 all had the same orbit.Yet their appearances had been 75 to 76 years apart.
This seemed very strange to Halley.The different comets followed the same orbit.The more Halley thought about it, the more he thought that there had not been three different comets, as people thought.He decided that they had simply seen the same comet three times.The comet had gone away and had come back again.
It was an astonishing idea! Halley felt certain enough to make a prediction (预言) of what comet would happen in the future.He decided that this comet would appear in the year 1758.There were 53 years to go before Halley's prediction could be tested.In 1758 the comet appeared in the sky.Halley did not see it, for he has died some years before.Ever since then that comet has been called Halley's comet, in his honor.
1．Halley made his discovery ________.
A．by doing experiments
B．by means of his own careful observation
C．by using the work of other scientists
D．by chance
解析：选C。细节理解题。由文中第三段得知。
2．Halley made a surprising, but correct prediction in the year ________.
A．1704 B．1705
C．1706 D．1707
解析：选B。计算题。文中的“He decided that this comet would appear in the year 1758.There were 53 years to go before Halley's prediction could be tested.”这句话告诉我们：他预言彗星出现的时间是1758年，而这个预言还要经过53年才能验证，由此可以推断出哈雷做出这个预言的时间是1705年。
3．This passage in general is about ________.
A．Halley and other scientists
B．the orbit of a comet
C．Newton and Halley
D．Halley and his discovery
解析：选D。主旨大意题。纵观全文，不难看出，文章的中心就是哈雷以及他的发现。
4．Which of the following is TRUE?
A．Edmund Halley was an American scientist.
B．Halley made his discovery by doing experiments.
C．Newton was a famous mathematician.
D．The orbit of a comet had the shape of an around.
解析：选C。综合判断题。从文章首句可以看出A项错误；从第二题的分析中可知B项也错误；牛顿告诉哈雷彗星的轨道是椭圆形的，可排除D。
B
Do you enjoy watching beautiful sunsets and seeing wildlife in some of the best parts of Wisconsin? Do you like being around people who share the same respect and love for natural resources? If you say “yes”， then a fisheries biologist is a great career choice for you.
As you can probably guess, education is very important.A Bachelor of Science degree in fisheries or biology is strongly recommended.Many biologists have a Master's degree.But it's not only good education that prepares you for a career as a fisheries biologist — field experience is also important.Volunteer work, internships (实习) and short-term fish technician positions are good ways to gain valuable training that can give you an edge in the competitive job market.
In addition to good education and field experience, a fisheries biologist needs other skills.You'll spend a lot of time working with the public, so it's important to feel comfortable talking to a variety of people.Good communication, listening, and presentation (陈述) skills are a must.
A common misconception among many people is that fisheries biologists get to fish all the time.Most biologists wish that were true.But as a fisheries biologist, you are especially busy during the fishing season, which leaves little time for you to actually go fishing.It's sad, but true.
Each day brings something different in the life of a fisheries biologist.In the spring and fall, you spend a lot of time on the water shocking fish in order to sample the population, studying fish, and talking with people.The winter is spent analyzing (分析) fish data and communicating with the public.
So if you find fish interesting and fun to learn about, and like working both outside and inside, consider a career as a fisheries biologist.You'll never be bored!
5．We can infer this passage was written to ________.
A．advise us to respect and protect wildlife
B．encourage us to spend more time working outside
C．explain why education is important for our career
D．introduce a good career to those who are interested in wildlife
解析：选D。作者意图题。通读全文，可知作者主要向我们介绍了常在户外作业的渔业生物学家这个职业，故选D。
6．To be a good fisheries biologist, which of the following is NOT necessary?
A．You should be good at communicating with others.
B．You should have rich knowledge of biology.
C．You should have field experience.
D．You should be a good swimmer.
解析：选D。细节理解题。通读全文，可知作者提到了要想成为一个渔业生物学家，必须有渔业学或者生物学学士学位，必须有实地工作的经验，必须擅长沟通，但并没有说要擅长游泳，故选D。
7．The underlined word “misconception” in Paragraph 4 probably means “________”．
A．question B．misunderstanding
C．dream D．explanation
解析：选B。词义猜测题。根据后面的“Most biologists wish that were true ...”可知很多人认为渔业生物学家可以经常钓鱼的观念是错误的，故选B。
8．It can be inferred from the passage that ________.
A．fisheries biologists like working in winter most
B．fisheries biologists can easily get bored of their work
C．fisheries biologists get to fish all the time all year round
D．fisheries biologists spend a lot of time working outside in spring and fall
解析：选D。推理判断题。根据倒数第二段的“In the spring and fall, you spend a lot of time on the water ...”可推断渔业生物学家在春天和秋天有很多户外工作的时间。
Ⅳ.短文改错
A terrible storm took place in a summer night.The wind was so strong that many trees brought down.It was already eleven o'clock.Li Ming who had been to night school, was still not back and her parents were very anxious.Half an hour late the wind stopped, and it was still raining.Li Ming's parents were about to looking for him when he returned.Li Ming explained the storm has pushed over many big trees as well telephone lines, blocking the roads and that the bridge had been washed away by the floods.So they had been to find another way back.
答案：第一句：in→on
第二句：trees后加were
第四句：been→gone; her→his
第五句：late→later; and→but
第六句：looking→look
第七句：has→had; well后加as
第八句：去掉been
课时跟踪检测(八) Learning about Language & Using Language
Ⅰ.选词填空
cool down， now that， depend on， break out， block out， in time， watch out for， get the hang of
1．The war broke_out between the two countries.
2．Watch_out_for wild animals when you go up the hills.
3．You ought to write now_that you know the address.
4．After several years of practice, I think I will finally get_the_hang_of spoken English.
5．We put a curtain across the window to block_out the sunlight.
6．It took Charles a long time to cool_down after the heated argument.
7．You must bear in mind that your parents hope to depend_on you to become a good doctor.
8．Do you think we'll be in_time to catch the train to go to Paris?
Ⅱ.单项填空
1．________ you know exactly what is the issue before you, you must be able to think about a solution.
A．Even if B．As though
C．Ever since D．Now that
解析：选D。even if“即使”；as though“似乎”；ever since “自从”；now that “既然”。根据句意可知D项正确。
2．________， I lost heart in English learning, but my teacher often said to me, “Keep on studying hard, and you'll succeed ________.”
A．At a time; in time B．At a time; on time
C．At one time; in time D．At one time; on time
解析：选C。句意：曾一度，我对英语学习失去信心，但我的老师常对我说：“坚持不懈的努力，最终会铸就你的成功。”at a time “每次”；at one time “曾经；一度”；相当于once; in time “及时；迟早”；on time “按时；准时”。由句意可知应选C。
3．Our football team will compete against the Japanese team this evening.Let's go and ________， shall we?
A．cheer them up B．join them up
C．add them up D．pick them up
解析：选A。根据句意，可知A项正确，cheer them up意思是“为他们加油”。
4．—Come on, please give me some ideas about the project.
—With so much work filling my mind, I almost ________.
A．break up B．break out
C．break down D．break off
解析：选C。break up“使粉碎；解散；结束”；break out“突发；爆发”；break down“崩溃；发生故障；分解”；break off“中断；终止”。根据句意可知C正确。
5．Though most people know that smoking ________ the risk of cancer, it is still hard for them to give it up.
A．multiplies B．adds
C．combines D．gains
解析：选A。句意：尽管大多数人知道吸烟增加得癌症的几率，但是让他们戒掉依然很难。multiply“增加”。add“添加”，如果adds后加to则可选此项；combine“结合；联合”；gain“获得；得到”。
6．—Why are the couple so upset?
—Oh, a quarrel________ between them last night.
A．took out B．took down
C．broke out D．broke down
解析：选C。考查动词短语辨析。表示发生争吵应为break out “爆发；突发”。take out “取走；拿走”；take down “记下；记录”；break down “损坏；坏掉”。
7．It is reported that the farmers in this village have planted________ trees this year as they did last year.
A．more than twice B．as twice as many
C．twice as many as D．twice as many
解析：选D。考查倍数表达法。在原级比较中，倍数通常置于第一个as前，句中第二个as被状语this year隔开了。
8．The old photo called up my memory of the small forest during my childhood, through which ________ a clean stream.
A．floated B．flowed
C．flooded D．flew
解析：选B。句意：这张老照片让我想起了童年的小树林，一条清澈的小溪在其中流淌。float“飘”；flow “流淌”；flood “发洪水”；flew是fly的过去式。
9．— Why don't you like your job?
— It's always being ________ by my director.
A．watched at B．watched out
C．watched over D．watched on
解析：选C。句意：“你为什么不喜欢你的工作？”“总是被我的领导监督。”watch over “监视；监督”，符合句意。watch不和at, on连用；watch out “当心；提防”。
10．— Do you feel like going on picnic this weekend?
— ________.I was thinking about how to relax myself.
A．I believe not B．Not really
C．I couldn't agree more D．What a pity
解析：选C。句意：“本周末你想去野餐吗？”“我非常同意，我正想着怎样放松一下呢。”I couldn't agree more.“我很赞同。”
Ⅲ.完形填空
Jim was mending his motorcycle in his yard, and his wife was cooking in the kitchen.Suddenly the motorcycle ran __1__ the glass door while Jim was still riding on it.So he was __2__ to the floor inside the house.
His wife, hearing the __3__， ran out and found Jim badly __4__ lying on the floor, the motorcycle lying next to him and the glass door __5__.The wife called an ambulance (救护车) quickly.
After the ambulance arrived and took Jim to the __6__， the wife pushed the motorcycle outside.Seeing the __7__ on the floor, the wife got some paper towels to clean it, and threw the towels in the __8__.
After Jim's wound was __9__， he left the hospital.After arriving home, he__10__ at the broken door and the damage done to his motorcycle and felt very __11__.So he went into the bathroom, sat on the toilet and __12__ a cigarette.After finishing the cigarette, he threw it into the toilet bowl.
The __13__ in the kitchen heard a loud explosion (爆炸声)．She ran into the bathroom and found Jim lying on the floor again and his clothes __14__ away.The fire was caused by the towels covered with gas in the toilet bowl.The wife had to call an ambulance again.
The __15__ ambulance crew (工作人员) came again.They were __16__ to see Jim was seriously hurt again.When they carried Jim to the ambulance, one of them __17__ the wife how Jim had burned himself.So she told them what __18__ to Jim after he was taken to the hospital last time.One of them couldn't help laughing so __19__ that Jim fell to the ground.Then Jim got a(n) __20__ arm.
1．A.around B．through
C．behind D．outside
解析：选B。根据下文的“he was __2__ to the floor inside the house”及下文的“the broken door”可知摩托车突然穿过了玻璃门。
2．A.moved B．invited
C．hit D．thrown
解析：选D。根据上文的“while Jim was still riding on it”可知吉姆坐在摩托车上被带进屋内并摔到地上。
3．A.sound B．story
C．news D．word
解析：选A。吉姆的妻子听到声响，跑出来看到吉姆躺在地上。
4．A.affected B．hurt
C．beaten D．stuck
解析：选B。根据下文的“The wife called an ambulance quickly”可知吉姆受伤严重。
5．A.painted B．closed
C．repaired D．damaged
解析：选D。根据下文的“the broken door”可知门被破坏了。
6．A.company B．hospital
C．yard D．school
解析：选B。救护车把吉姆送到医院。
7．A.gas B．water
C．paper D．glass
解析：选A。参见下题解析。
8．A.street B．kitchen
C．toilet D．bedroom
解析：选C。根据下文的“The fire was caused by the towels covered with gas in the toilet bowl.”可知，看到地板上的汽油，吉姆的妻子用纸巾擦拭后把纸巾扔到了马桶内。
9．A.dressed B．received
C．changed D．discovered
解析：选A。吉姆的伤口被包扎后，他离开了医院。
10．A.laughed B．shouted
C．knocked D．looked
解析：选D。参见下题解析。
11．A.sad B．excited
C．interested D．safe
解析：选A。到家后看到被破坏的门和摩托车，吉姆感到伤心。
12．A.bought B．lit
C．dropped D．expected
解析：选B。根据“After finishing the cigarette”可知吉姆点了一根烟。
13．A.doctor B．wife
C．nurse D．husband
解析：选B。由下文的she及the wife可知是吉姆的妻子听到巨大的爆炸声。
14．A.washed B．put
C．burned D．taken
解析：选C。根据下文的the fire及“how Jim had burned himself”可知吉姆的衣服被烧掉了。
15．A.honest B．different
C．same D．careless
解析：选C。根据下文的again可知，相同的医护人员又来了。
16．A.surprised B．unwilling
C．ready D．sure
解析：选A。医护人员看到吉姆再次受伤，感到很奇怪。
17．A.showed B．asked
C．taught D．advised
解析：选B。根据“...how Jim had burned himself.So she told them ...”可知救护人员问吉姆的妻子事故是如何发生的。
18．A.happened B．belonged
C．devoted D．turned
解析：选A。吉姆的妻子告诉医护人员吉姆所发生的事情。
19．A.politely B．easily
C．freely D．hard
解析：选D。参见下题解析。
20．A.broken B．open
C．strong D．long
解析：选A。根据下文的“Jim fell to the ground”可知，一名医护人员笑得太猛以至于吉姆从担架上掉落，弄折了胳膊。
Ⅳ.任务型阅读
The person behind you constantly kicks the back of your seat.Your talkative seatmate doesn't understand your need for sleep.And the aircraft's bathroom is a total mess.These situations can make even a short flight unbearable .Hopefully you don't cause these unpleasant experiences for others.__1__.
Always recline (向后倾斜) your seat slowly.There's nothing worse than suddenly being hit in the knees by the seat in front of you.In addition, don't keep your seat reclined for the entire flight.Always keep it upright during mealtimes.And remember to put it in the upright position before going to the restroom (or anytime you leave your seat.)
__2__ Wait until the meal is done and all the food trays (盘子)have been collected.It's hard for passengers to stand up to let you pass when they still have their food trays.And when using the bathroom, always clean up after yourself — the next user will be grateful!
Keep your body and your possessions to yourself as much as possible so as not to crowd your in-flight seatmate(s)．Share the armrest, especially on a long flight.Also, be careful not to kick or push on the seat in front of you.
While some people enjoy chatting with other passengers during a flight, not everyone does.Some people may want to nap, read or work.__3__
If you are traveling with someone and want to chat, keep your voices low.__4__ People can still hear through your headphones if the volume is too high.
When exiting the plane, if others are having trouble with their carry-on luggage, help them if you can. If you can't help, wait patiently, and don't push past people to get off the airplane.On your flight, remember the golden rule: __5__.
A.Don't leave your carry-on in the aircraft.
B.If the conversation seems one-sided, you should notice it.
C.Treat others the way you want to be treated!
D.Avoid going to the bathroom during mealtimes.
E.Instead, you can set an example by following these common airplane courtesies (礼貌)．
F.It is not polite to talk loudly in the aircraft.
G.If using electronic gadgets (小装置), keep the volume down.
答案：1～5 EDBGC
