2022届高三英语复习倒装结构课件（20张PPT）
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| 名称 | 2022届高三英语复习倒装结构课件（20张PPT） |  | |
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| 科目 | 英语 | ||
| 更新时间 | 2022-11-16 10:18:11 | ||
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(共20张PPT)
倒装结构
英语的句子通常按“主语+谓语”的语序排列，这叫自然语序(NARURAL ORDER)。
但有时，因为某种修辞目的的需要或者语法的规定，句子须倒装。多数疑问句和一部分陈述句使用倒装语序(INERTED ORDER)。
倒装语序又分为两种：完全倒装(Complete Inversion)和部分倒装 (Partial Inversion)。
一、完全倒装 (Complete Inversion)
完全倒装，是指将整个谓语放在主语前面。在下列情况下，句子需要完全倒装：
1.用于存在句型。除了最常见的there be句型以外，there还可以与appear, exist, lie, remain, seem to be, stand等一起构成这类表示“存在”和“处于”等意义的句型，构成完全倒装句。例如：
There are some security guards outside the bank.
There is no friend so faithful as a good book.
There stand some tall buildings near the lake.
There appeared to be a man in uniform in the distance.
There seems something wrong with the plan.
There remains a more difficult and dangerous task to deal with.
There existed some doubt among the students..
There happened to be a post office across the street.
一、完全倒装 (Complete Inversion)
完全倒装，是指将整个谓语放在主语前面。在下列情况下，句子需要完全倒装：
2.用于here, there, now, then, thus等副词引导的句子，谓语使用的动词往往使be, come, go, follow, begin, end等，这一类句子大多带有引起注意的含义。例如：
Look, here comes Santa Clause!
Now comes your turn.
There goes the bell.
Thus ended the meeting.
【注意】如果主语是人称代词，则不用倒装。例如：
Here they come.
Here we are.
一、完全倒装 (Complete Inversion)
完全倒装，是指将整个谓语放在主语前面。在下列情况下，句子需要完全倒装：
3. 用于以表示方位、声音等意义的副词开头的句子。用表示动作的不及物动词（如go, come, rush, fly等）作谓语时，为了表达生动，可将副词放在句首，谓语动词放在主语之前，形成倒装结构。例如：
Out rushed the runner.
Away flew the pigeons.
Up go the prices.
Bang went the firecracker.
【注意】如果主语是人称代词则不用倒装。例如：
Back they fought.
他们还击了。
一、完全倒装 (Complete Inversion)
完全倒装，是指将整个谓语放在主语前面。在下列情况下，句子需要完全倒装：
4. 用于地点状语提前，谓语是be, sit, exist, lie, stand等动词的句子。例如：
Under that tree sits a beautiful girl.
那棵树下坐着一位美丽的姑娘。
Near our village lies a lake.
我们村子附近有一个湖。
On the ground lies an old man.
地上躺着一个老人。
一、完全倒装 (Complete Inversion)
完全倒装，是指将整个谓语放在主语前面。在下列情况下，句子需要完全倒装：
5. 用于省去if的虚拟条件状语从句，且谓语使用be。例如：
Were he better qualified, he would apply for the position.
Were she to set out right now, she would get to the airport on before dark.
Were I you, I would not do such a thing.
6. 用于谓语是be，表语提前的句子。例如：
Lucky is she who was admitted to a famous university last year.
Happy are those who are contented.
Present at the meeting are some well-known scientists.
Sweet is the fruit of labor.
一、完全倒装 (Complete Inversion)
完全倒装，是指将整个谓语放在主语前面。在下列情况下，句子需要完全倒装：
7. 用于Long live…等固定结构中。例如：
Long live the People's Republic of China!
中华人民共和国万岁！
Long live the world peace!
世界和平万岁！
二、部分倒装 (Partial Inversion)
所谓部分倒装，是指只把谓语部分中的助动词或情态动词放在主语之前。在下列情况下，句子需要部分倒装：
1. 用于以may开头的表示祝愿的句子。例如：
May God bless you!
愿上帝保佑你！
May you have a good time!
祝你们玩得开心！
May our friendship be ever lasting!
愿我们的友谊长存！
二、部分倒装 (Partial Inversion)
所谓部分倒装，是指只把谓语部分中的助动词或情态动词放在主语之前。在下列情况下，句子需要部分倒装：
2. 用于省略if的虚拟条件句。例如：
Should the machine break down again, send it back to us.
Had you studied a little harder, you would have been admitted to a university last year.
Were I you, I would stay.
【注意】若条件从句为否定句，否定词not应置于主语之后。例如：
Had it not been for the bad weather, we should have arrived in time.
二、部分倒装 (Partial Inversion)
所谓部分倒装，是指只把谓语部分中的助动词或情态动词放在主语之前。在下列情况下，句子需要部分倒装：
3. 用于以so/neither/nor开头的句子，表示前面所说的肯定情况也适用于另一人(或物)，或者对前面所说的否定内容表示同样的看法。例如：
He can send emails to his former classmates and so can she.
Tom don't know what to do next, neither/ nor do I.
If Jessica agrees to go to the party, so will I.
He is not a pilot; neither does he wish to be a police.
John has never been late; nor have I.
【注意】
①如果是表示按照别人的意思做了什么事，so不用提前。例如：
His mother told him to go to the film, and he did so.
②如果后一句只是单纯地重复前面句子的意思，而不是表示前一句主语的情况同样适用于后一句主语，则无需用倒装。例如：
--- It is cold today. 今天很冷。
--- So it is and so was it yesterday. 确实是很冷，昨天也很冷。
③如果前面所说的内容既有肯定又有否定，或前后的谓语动词形式不一致时，用“It is the same with +主语”结构或用“So it is with +主语”结构。例如：
He worked hard, but didn't pass the exam. So it was with his sister.
他很努力，但没有通过考试。他妹妹也是这样。（既有肯定又有否定）
She is a teacher and she enjoys teaching. So it is with Mr Li.
她是老师，热爱教书。李先生也是这样。（谓语一个是系动词，一个是行为动词）
二、部分倒装 (Partial Inversion)
所谓部分倒装，是指只把谓语部分中的助动词或情态动词放在主语之前。在下列情况下，句子需要部分倒装：
4. 用于以表示否定意义的词或短语开头的句子。例如：
Never had I found him in such a good mood.
No sooner had he handed in his paper than he realized his mistakes.
Hardly could I recognize you.
By no means shall I give up.
Little do I dream of seeing such wonderful scenery.
Barely did I have time to catch the train.
Not until he was fifty did he obtain his Ph.D. degree.
（如果是主从复合句，倒装结构出现在主句中）
Not until yesterday did little John change his mind.
Under no circumstances should we cheat on test.
二、部分倒装 (Partial Inversion)
所谓部分倒装，是指只把谓语部分中的助动词或情态动词放在主语之前。在下列情况下，句子需要部分倒装：
5. 用于以often, always, particularly, once, many times, many a time, now and then, every other day等作状语的词或短语位于句首的句子。例如：
Always will I seek the seeds of triumph in every adversity.
我将永远在每一个逆境中寻找胜利的种子。
Often did I hear of him before.
Many a time have I seen her taking a walk alone.
Every other day did I go to the library.
二、部分倒装 (Partial Inversion)
所谓部分倒装，是指只把谓语部分中的助动词或情态动词放在主语之前。在下列情况下，句子需要部分倒装：
6. 用于only+状语位于句首的句子。例如：
Only yesterday did he find out that his watch was missing.
Only when he is drunk does Tom speak the truth.
Only now am I learning the great art of life.
【注意】only位于句首如果修饰的是主语而不是状语，不用倒装。例如：
Only this brave young man can fulfill the dangerous task.
二、部分倒装 (Partial Inversion)
所谓部分倒装，是指只把谓语部分中的助动词或情态动词放在主语之前。在下列情况下，句子需要部分倒装：
7. 用于以not only开头的句子。例如：
Not only does building a strong family lay the groundwork for future success, but it also gives life deeper meaning.
建立一个强有力的家庭不仅可以为未来的成功打下基础，而且赋予生活更深远的意义。
Not only did he complain about the food, he also refused to pay for it.
【注意】当位于句首的not only...but also...或neither...nor...连接主语成分时，不用倒装。例如：
Neither my sister nor I have travelled by air.
Not only Tom but also many others enjoy reading the book.
二、部分倒装 (Partial Inversion)
所谓部分倒装，是指只把谓语部分中的助动词或情态动词放在主语之前。在下列情况下，句子需要部分倒装：
8. 用于“so(such)that”结构中的“so(such)”位于句首的句子。例如：
So quickly did my colleagues finish their work that they were given a bonus.
So busy was I that I had no time to meet the visiting guests.
Such (=so hot) was the weather that I could not go out.
Such was his anger that he lost control of himself.
To such a degree do the parents love their son that they have tried to satisfy every demand of his.
二、部分倒装 (Partial Inversion)
所谓部分倒装，是指只把谓语部分中的助动词或情态动词放在主语之前。在下列情况下，句子需要部分倒装：
9. 用于让步状语从句。
当让步状语从句使用连词though或as时，可使用倒装。但是这种倒装较为特殊，需将谓语后的单词或短语提前至句首，包括名词（不加冠词）、动词原形、形容词或副词。另外，用连词though时，句子可倒装也可不倒装，而用连词as时，句子必须倒装。例如：
Child as he is, he can tell right from wrong.
Shortest as he is, he is the richest of the three.
（形容词最高级前去定冠词the）
Much as I like playing football, I like hiking better.
Attentively as I listened, I still couldn't understand what he said at the meeting.
二、部分倒装 (Partial Inversion)
所谓部分倒装，是指只把谓语部分中的助动词或情态动词放在主语之前。在下列情况下，句子需要部分倒装：
10. 表示方式、程度的副词位于句首的句子。例如：
Well do I remember the day when I joined the League.
Gladly would I accept your proposal.
11. 非谓语动词 + be + 主语。例如：
Covering much of the earth's surface is a blanket of water.
Also discussed were the problems we had met with in our studies.
First to unfold was the map of the world.
二、部分倒装 (Partial Inversion)
所谓部分倒装，是指只把谓语部分中的助动词或情态动词放在主语之前。在下列情况下，句子需要部分倒装：
12. be型状语从句中的省略倒装。例如：
Be it ever so late, I must do another experiment.
(Though it should ever be late, ...)
Home is home, be it ever so humble.
(Home is home, although it is so humble.)
倒装结构
英语的句子通常按“主语+谓语”的语序排列，这叫自然语序(NARURAL ORDER)。
但有时，因为某种修辞目的的需要或者语法的规定，句子须倒装。多数疑问句和一部分陈述句使用倒装语序(INERTED ORDER)。
倒装语序又分为两种：完全倒装(Complete Inversion)和部分倒装 (Partial Inversion)。
一、完全倒装 (Complete Inversion)
完全倒装，是指将整个谓语放在主语前面。在下列情况下，句子需要完全倒装：
1.用于存在句型。除了最常见的there be句型以外，there还可以与appear, exist, lie, remain, seem to be, stand等一起构成这类表示“存在”和“处于”等意义的句型，构成完全倒装句。例如：
There are some security guards outside the bank.
There is no friend so faithful as a good book.
There stand some tall buildings near the lake.
There appeared to be a man in uniform in the distance.
There seems something wrong with the plan.
There remains a more difficult and dangerous task to deal with.
There existed some doubt among the students..
There happened to be a post office across the street.
一、完全倒装 (Complete Inversion)
完全倒装，是指将整个谓语放在主语前面。在下列情况下，句子需要完全倒装：
2.用于here, there, now, then, thus等副词引导的句子，谓语使用的动词往往使be, come, go, follow, begin, end等，这一类句子大多带有引起注意的含义。例如：
Look, here comes Santa Clause!
Now comes your turn.
There goes the bell.
Thus ended the meeting.
【注意】如果主语是人称代词，则不用倒装。例如：
Here they come.
Here we are.
一、完全倒装 (Complete Inversion)
完全倒装，是指将整个谓语放在主语前面。在下列情况下，句子需要完全倒装：
3. 用于以表示方位、声音等意义的副词开头的句子。用表示动作的不及物动词（如go, come, rush, fly等）作谓语时，为了表达生动，可将副词放在句首，谓语动词放在主语之前，形成倒装结构。例如：
Out rushed the runner.
Away flew the pigeons.
Up go the prices.
Bang went the firecracker.
【注意】如果主语是人称代词则不用倒装。例如：
Back they fought.
他们还击了。
一、完全倒装 (Complete Inversion)
完全倒装，是指将整个谓语放在主语前面。在下列情况下，句子需要完全倒装：
4. 用于地点状语提前，谓语是be, sit, exist, lie, stand等动词的句子。例如：
Under that tree sits a beautiful girl.
那棵树下坐着一位美丽的姑娘。
Near our village lies a lake.
我们村子附近有一个湖。
On the ground lies an old man.
地上躺着一个老人。
一、完全倒装 (Complete Inversion)
完全倒装，是指将整个谓语放在主语前面。在下列情况下，句子需要完全倒装：
5. 用于省去if的虚拟条件状语从句，且谓语使用be。例如：
Were he better qualified, he would apply for the position.
Were she to set out right now, she would get to the airport on before dark.
Were I you, I would not do such a thing.
6. 用于谓语是be，表语提前的句子。例如：
Lucky is she who was admitted to a famous university last year.
Happy are those who are contented.
Present at the meeting are some well-known scientists.
Sweet is the fruit of labor.
一、完全倒装 (Complete Inversion)
完全倒装，是指将整个谓语放在主语前面。在下列情况下，句子需要完全倒装：
7. 用于Long live…等固定结构中。例如：
Long live the People's Republic of China!
中华人民共和国万岁！
Long live the world peace!
世界和平万岁！
二、部分倒装 (Partial Inversion)
所谓部分倒装，是指只把谓语部分中的助动词或情态动词放在主语之前。在下列情况下，句子需要部分倒装：
1. 用于以may开头的表示祝愿的句子。例如：
May God bless you!
愿上帝保佑你！
May you have a good time!
祝你们玩得开心！
May our friendship be ever lasting!
愿我们的友谊长存！
二、部分倒装 (Partial Inversion)
所谓部分倒装，是指只把谓语部分中的助动词或情态动词放在主语之前。在下列情况下，句子需要部分倒装：
2. 用于省略if的虚拟条件句。例如：
Should the machine break down again, send it back to us.
Had you studied a little harder, you would have been admitted to a university last year.
Were I you, I would stay.
【注意】若条件从句为否定句，否定词not应置于主语之后。例如：
Had it not been for the bad weather, we should have arrived in time.
二、部分倒装 (Partial Inversion)
所谓部分倒装，是指只把谓语部分中的助动词或情态动词放在主语之前。在下列情况下，句子需要部分倒装：
3. 用于以so/neither/nor开头的句子，表示前面所说的肯定情况也适用于另一人(或物)，或者对前面所说的否定内容表示同样的看法。例如：
He can send emails to his former classmates and so can she.
Tom don't know what to do next, neither/ nor do I.
If Jessica agrees to go to the party, so will I.
He is not a pilot; neither does he wish to be a police.
John has never been late; nor have I.
【注意】
①如果是表示按照别人的意思做了什么事，so不用提前。例如：
His mother told him to go to the film, and he did so.
②如果后一句只是单纯地重复前面句子的意思，而不是表示前一句主语的情况同样适用于后一句主语，则无需用倒装。例如：
--- It is cold today. 今天很冷。
--- So it is and so was it yesterday. 确实是很冷，昨天也很冷。
③如果前面所说的内容既有肯定又有否定，或前后的谓语动词形式不一致时，用“It is the same with +主语”结构或用“So it is with +主语”结构。例如：
He worked hard, but didn't pass the exam. So it was with his sister.
他很努力，但没有通过考试。他妹妹也是这样。（既有肯定又有否定）
She is a teacher and she enjoys teaching. So it is with Mr Li.
她是老师，热爱教书。李先生也是这样。（谓语一个是系动词，一个是行为动词）
二、部分倒装 (Partial Inversion)
所谓部分倒装，是指只把谓语部分中的助动词或情态动词放在主语之前。在下列情况下，句子需要部分倒装：
4. 用于以表示否定意义的词或短语开头的句子。例如：
Never had I found him in such a good mood.
No sooner had he handed in his paper than he realized his mistakes.
Hardly could I recognize you.
By no means shall I give up.
Little do I dream of seeing such wonderful scenery.
Barely did I have time to catch the train.
Not until he was fifty did he obtain his Ph.D. degree.
（如果是主从复合句，倒装结构出现在主句中）
Not until yesterday did little John change his mind.
Under no circumstances should we cheat on test.
二、部分倒装 (Partial Inversion)
所谓部分倒装，是指只把谓语部分中的助动词或情态动词放在主语之前。在下列情况下，句子需要部分倒装：
5. 用于以often, always, particularly, once, many times, many a time, now and then, every other day等作状语的词或短语位于句首的句子。例如：
Always will I seek the seeds of triumph in every adversity.
我将永远在每一个逆境中寻找胜利的种子。
Often did I hear of him before.
Many a time have I seen her taking a walk alone.
Every other day did I go to the library.
二、部分倒装 (Partial Inversion)
所谓部分倒装，是指只把谓语部分中的助动词或情态动词放在主语之前。在下列情况下，句子需要部分倒装：
6. 用于only+状语位于句首的句子。例如：
Only yesterday did he find out that his watch was missing.
Only when he is drunk does Tom speak the truth.
Only now am I learning the great art of life.
【注意】only位于句首如果修饰的是主语而不是状语，不用倒装。例如：
Only this brave young man can fulfill the dangerous task.
二、部分倒装 (Partial Inversion)
所谓部分倒装，是指只把谓语部分中的助动词或情态动词放在主语之前。在下列情况下，句子需要部分倒装：
7. 用于以not only开头的句子。例如：
Not only does building a strong family lay the groundwork for future success, but it also gives life deeper meaning.
建立一个强有力的家庭不仅可以为未来的成功打下基础，而且赋予生活更深远的意义。
Not only did he complain about the food, he also refused to pay for it.
【注意】当位于句首的not only...but also...或neither...nor...连接主语成分时，不用倒装。例如：
Neither my sister nor I have travelled by air.
Not only Tom but also many others enjoy reading the book.
二、部分倒装 (Partial Inversion)
所谓部分倒装，是指只把谓语部分中的助动词或情态动词放在主语之前。在下列情况下，句子需要部分倒装：
8. 用于“so(such)that”结构中的“so(such)”位于句首的句子。例如：
So quickly did my colleagues finish their work that they were given a bonus.
So busy was I that I had no time to meet the visiting guests.
Such (=so hot) was the weather that I could not go out.
Such was his anger that he lost control of himself.
To such a degree do the parents love their son that they have tried to satisfy every demand of his.
二、部分倒装 (Partial Inversion)
所谓部分倒装，是指只把谓语部分中的助动词或情态动词放在主语之前。在下列情况下，句子需要部分倒装：
9. 用于让步状语从句。
当让步状语从句使用连词though或as时，可使用倒装。但是这种倒装较为特殊，需将谓语后的单词或短语提前至句首，包括名词（不加冠词）、动词原形、形容词或副词。另外，用连词though时，句子可倒装也可不倒装，而用连词as时，句子必须倒装。例如：
Child as he is, he can tell right from wrong.
Shortest as he is, he is the richest of the three.
（形容词最高级前去定冠词the）
Much as I like playing football, I like hiking better.
Attentively as I listened, I still couldn't understand what he said at the meeting.
二、部分倒装 (Partial Inversion)
所谓部分倒装，是指只把谓语部分中的助动词或情态动词放在主语之前。在下列情况下，句子需要部分倒装：
10. 表示方式、程度的副词位于句首的句子。例如：
Well do I remember the day when I joined the League.
Gladly would I accept your proposal.
11. 非谓语动词 + be + 主语。例如：
Covering much of the earth's surface is a blanket of water.
Also discussed were the problems we had met with in our studies.
First to unfold was the map of the world.
二、部分倒装 (Partial Inversion)
所谓部分倒装，是指只把谓语部分中的助动词或情态动词放在主语之前。在下列情况下，句子需要部分倒装：
12. be型状语从句中的省略倒装。例如：
Be it ever so late, I must do another experiment.
(Though it should ever be late, ...)
Home is home, be it ever so humble.
(Home is home, although it is so humble.)