新概念英语第一册 Lesson 121-122 讲义

Lesson 121 The man in a hat
单词讲解：
1.customer n. 顾客
2.forget v. 忘记 （forgot/forgotten)
forget sb./sth. 忘记某人/某事
forget to do sth. 忘记去做某事
eg: I have forgotten to bring my book.
forget doing sth. 忘记做了某事
eg: I will never forget finding that rare coin in my garden.
3.manager n. 经理
man- 男的， age- 上了年纪的， er-表示人
4.serve v. 照应，服务，接待
v. 服务；接待；侍候
Are you being served, sir
先生，有人为您服务吗？
② v. 供应；摆出（食物或饮料等）
What time is breakfast served in this hotel
这个饭店里什么时候供应早餐？
③ v. 为 服务 /服役；任职
The old cook has served the family for 30 years.
这位老厨师已为这家干了 30 年了。
He began to serve in the Navy in 1960.
他从 1960 年起开始在海军服役。
5.counter n. 柜台
count v. 数，算
6.recognize v. 认出
① v. 认出；认识
Can you recognize this tune
你能听出这支曲调吗？
② v. 承认；确认
I recognize that he is more capable than I am.
我承认他比我更有能力。
They recognized Richard as his lawful heir.
他们确认理查德为他的合法继承人。
Are British medical qualifications recognized in other European countries
英国的医生执照在欧洲其他国家能否得到承认？
二、课文讲解
...but I forget to take them with me.
forget to do...忘记要做某事
The lady who is standing behind the counter.
The books which are on the counter.
He says he is the man who bought these books.
The man who I served was wearing a hat.
Is this the man that you serve
划线部分为定语从句。
语法：定语从句
什么是定语？ “的”
定语的位置：
上等的苹果 a choice apple
要命的牙疼 a terrible toothache
桌上的面包 the bread on the table
我旁边的哥们 the guy next to me
The man who I served was wearing a hat.
Is this the man that you serve
结论：单个词作定语，在所修饰词前； 短语或句子作定语，在所修饰词后。
定语从句的构成：
先行词 被修饰的词
关系词 先行词是人：who/whom
先行词是物：which
先行词是人或是物：that
Eg:1) 他就是喜欢我朋友的那个人。
He is the man who loves my friend.
I like the beautiful girl.
I like the beautiful girl who is listening to music.
The man is Brad Pitt.
The man who wears a dress is Brad Pitt.
God helps him.
God helps those who help themselves.
天助自助者。
组织定语从句的步骤：
找定语---> 找先行词（被修饰词）----> 颠倒顺序 --->加关系词
Eg: 1) [能使大多数人幸福的]人是世界上最幸福的人。
你认识[昨天和我一起看电影的]那人吗？
[我昨天买的]包非常好。
[你给我的]那本书可有趣了。
People who can make most people happy are the happiest in the world.
Do you know the man who watched the movie with me yesterday
The bag that I bought yesterday is very nice.
The book that/which you gave me is very interesting.
定语从句的语用功能：解释名词
Eg: 1) What is present
A present is something that you give your friend on his or her special day.
What is a dentist
A dentist is someone who can see and protect your teeth.
What is a wallet
A wallet is something that you can put your money in.
What is a mechanic
A mechanic is someone who repairs cars or machines.
Lesson 122 Who(whom),which and that
单词讲解
road n. 路 on the road 在马路上
street n. 街道（两边有建筑的街道） in the street 在街上
Who/whom的区别
who: 先行词作主语
whom: 先行词作宾语
Eg: 他就是喜欢我朋友的那个人。
He is the man who loves my friend.
The man (作主语） loves my friend.
他是我朋友喜欢的人。
He is the man whom my friend loves.
My friend loves the man. (作宾语）
定语从句的应用
（一）关系词的选择 练习：
--Do you know the man ____ is talking with your father
-- Yes, he is our headmaster.
he B. who C. which D. whom
Can you lend me the dictionary _____ the other day
that you bought B. you bought it
that you bought D. which you bought it
The girl ____ is reading under the tree _____ my sister.
which; is B. whom;was C.who; is D. who;was
理解
He who doesn’t reach the Great Wall is not a true man.
He who laughs last laughs best.
He who has a lazy hand has an empty mouth.
He who learns but does not think is lost.
不到长城非好汉。
谁笑道最后，谁笑得最好。
手懒饿肚皮。
学而不思则惘。
写作应用
I have a close friend. He always takes my advice.
= I have a close friend who always takes my advice.
I love Shang Wenjie. She sings with all her heart.
=I love Shang Wenjie who sings with all her heart.