高中英语语法讲义和配套练习（Word版无答案）

图说英语：高中英语语法表格总结
一．名词
I. 名词的种类：
专有名词 普通名词
国名地名人名，团体机构名称 可数名词 不可数名词
个体名词 集体名词 抽象名词 物质名词
II. 名词的数：
1. 规则名词的复数形式：
名词的复数形式，一般在单数形式后面加-s或-es。现将构成方法与读音规则列表如下：
规则 例词
1 一般情况在词尾加-s map-maps, sea-seas, girl-girls, day-days
2 以s, x, ch, sh结尾的名词后加-es class-classes, box-boxes, watch-watches, dish-dishes
3 以-f或-fe结尾的词 变-f和-fe为v再加-es leaf-leaves, thief-thieves, knife-knives, loaf-loaves, wife-wives
加-s belief-beliefs, chief-chiefs, proof-proofs, roof-roofs, gulf-gulfs
4 以辅音字母加y结尾的名词，变y为i加-es party-parties, family-families, story-stories, city-cities
5 以元音字母加y结尾的名词，或专有名词以y结尾的，加-s toy-toys, boy-boys, day-days, ray-rays, Henry-Henrys
6 以辅音字母加-o结尾的名词 一般加-es（有生命的名词） hero-heroes, Negro-Negroes, potato-potatoes, tomato-tomatoes
不少外来词加-s piano-pianos, photo-photos, auto-autos, kilo-kilos, solo-solos
两者皆可 zero-zeros/zeroes, volcano-volcanoes/ volcanos
7 以元音字母加-o结尾的名词加-s radio-radios, bamboo-bamboos, zoo-zoos
8 以-th结尾的名词加-s truth-truths, mouth-mouths, month-months, path-paths,
2. 不规则名词复数：
英语里有些名词的复数形式是不规则的，现归纳如下：
规则 例词
1 改变名词中的元音字母或其他形式 man-men, woman-women, foot-feet, goose-geese, mouse-mice
2 单复数相同 sheep, deer, series, means, works, fish, species li, yuan, jin,
3 只有复数形式 ashes, trousers, clothes, thanks, goods, glasses, compasses, contents
4 一些集体名词总是用作复数 people, police, cattle, staff
5 部分集体名词既可以作单数（整体）也可以作复数（成员） audience, class, family, crowd, couple, group, committee, government, population, crew, team, public, enemy, party
6 复数形式表示特别含义 customs(海关), forces(军队), times(时代), spirits(情绪), drinks(饮料), sands(沙滩), papers(文件报纸), manners(礼貌), looks(外表), brains(头脑智力), greens(青菜), ruins(废墟)
7 表示“某国人” 加-s Americans, Australians, Germans, Greeks, Swedes, Europeans
单复数同形 Swiss, Portuguese, Chinese, Japanese
以-man或-woman结尾的改为-men,-women Englishmen, Frenchwomen
8 合成名词 将主体名词变为复数 sons-in-law, lookers-on, passers-by, story-tellers, boy friends
无主体名词时将最后一部分变为复数 grown-ups, housewives, stopwatches
将两部分变为复数 women singers, men servants
III. 名词的所有格：
名词在句中表示所有关系的语法形式叫做名词所有格。所有格分两种：一是名词词尾加’s构成，二是由介词of加名词构成。前者多表示有生命的东西，后者多表示无生命的东西。
1. ’s所有格的构成：
单数名词在末尾加’s the boy’s father, Jack’s book, her son-in-law’s photo,
复数名词 一般在末尾加’ the teachers’ room, the twins’ mother,
不规则复数名词后加’s the children’s toys, women’s rights,
以s结尾的人名所有格加’s或者’ Dickens’ novels, Charles’s job, the Smiths’ house
表示各自的所有关系时,各名词末尾均须加’s Japan’s and America’s problems, Jane’s and Mary’s bikes
表示共有的所有关系时在最后一词末加’s Japan and America’s problems, Jane and Mary’s father
表示＂某人家＂＂店铺＂，所有格后名词省略 the doctor’s, the barber’s, the tailor’s, my uncle’s
2. ’s所有格的用法：
１ 表示时间 today’s newspaper, five weeks’ holiday
2 表示自然现象 the earth’s atmosphere, the tree’s branches
3 表示国家城市等地方的名词 the country’s plan, the world’s population, China’s industry
4 表示工作群体 the ship’s crew, majority’s view, the team’s victory
5 表示度量衡及价值 a mile’s journey, five dollars’ worth of apples
6 与人类活动有特殊关系的名词 the life’s time, the play’s plot
7 某些固定词组 a bird’s eye view, a stone’s throw, at one’s wit’s end(不知所措)
3. of所有格的用法：
用于无生命的东西：the legs of the chair, the cover of the book
用于有生命的东西，尤其是有较长定语时：the classrooms of the first-year students
用于名词化的词：the struggle of the oppressed
专题练习
1. The ____ of the room were covered with ____.
A. roofs, leafs B. roofs, leaves C. rooves, leafs D. rooves, leaves
2. There are three ____ in our factory.
A. woman doctors B. women doctors C. woman doctor D. women doctor
3. Which do you prefer ____ or ____
A. potatos, tomatos B. potatos, tomatoes C. potatoes, tomatos D. potatoes, tomatoes
4. They are ____ of different presses(出版社). Now they are having a meeting in one of the ____ office.
A. editor-in-chiefs, editors-in-chief’s B. editors-in-chief, editor-in-chief’s
C. editors-in-chiefs, editor’s-in-chief’s D. editors-in-chief, editors-in-chief’s
5. The ant has two ____. A. stomaches B. stomacks C. stomach D. stomachs
6. He doesn’t like ____ for supper. A. chick B. chicken C. chickens D. chicks
7. It was ____ hot weather that many of us went swimming.
A. so B. such C. so as D. such a
8. ____ wonderful space they saw on the room!
A. How B. How a C. What D. What a
9. We know ____ travels not so fast as light.
A. sound B. sounds C. the sounds D. a sound
10. My family raise a lot of ____, including two ____.
A. cattle, cows B. cows, cattle C. cattles, cows D. cow, cattles
11. A number of soldiers ____ at he camp gate（军营门口）.
A. have gathered B. has gathered C. is D. was
12. The Browns have spent a large ____ of money on their new car.
A. deal B. amount C. number D. size
13. ____ work has been done to improve the people’s living standard.
A. Many B. A great many C. A great deal of D. A number of
14. Mr Li shook ____ warmly with a friend.
A. hand B. a hand C. hands D. the hands
15. Two ____, please. A. coffee B. coffees C. cup of coffee D. cups coffee
16. I can’t pay as ____ as he asked for.
A. high price a B. high price C. a high price D. high a price
17. ____ knowledge of space develops rapidly. A. Man’s B. Men’s C. Mens’ D. Person’s
18.I stayed at ____. A. Xiao Wang’s B. Wang’s home C. the Wangs D. home of Wang
19. Sister Carrie works in a ____ factory. A. shoes B. shoses C. shoe D. shoe’s
20. Have you ever read ____
A. today newspaper B. newspaper today C. newspaper of today D. today’s newspaper
21. Two ____ walk didn’t made me tired. A. hour B. hours C. hour’s D. hours’
22. The mother over there is ____ mother.
A. Julia and Mary B. Julia and Mary’s C. Julia’s and Mary’s D. Julia’s and Mary
23. Li Ming’s handwriting is better than ____ in the class.
A. anyone’s B. anyone else C. anyone’s else’s D. anyone else’s
24. The children are playing ____ on the ____.
A. sand, sand B. sands, sands C. sand, sands D. sands, sand
25. If these trousers are too big, buy a smaller ____. A. set B. one C. copy D. pair
26. Tom usually takes a ____ in bus on rainy days. A. walk B. ride C. trip D. travel
27. We have no ____ about where she has gone.
A. information B. news C. message D. flash
28. Food and ____ are daily necessities（需要）for the people.
A. cloth B. clothe C. clothes D. clothing
29. My ____ of hearing is not so good as it used to be. A. strength B. sense C. power D. skill
30. The ____ caused by carelessness ____ yesterday. Many workers were killed.
A. incident, was happened B. matter, happened
C. event, was taken place D. accident, took place
31. The room was so quiet that she could hear the ____ of her heart.
A. beating B. ways C. knocking D. striking
32. ____ has been told not to throw waste things anywhere.
A. The public B. People C. Women D. Man
33. He was an ____ in the government ____.
A. office, official B. official, office C. officer, office D. official, officer
34. There are several ____ in this novel who are different in ____.
A. character, character B. characters, characters C. character, characters D. characters, character
35. We visited him ____ when he was in hospital.
A. every other days B. each other day C. every other day D. every two day
36. My friend will return in ____.
A. one day or two B. a day or two C. one day or two D. a or two days
37. ____ is always difficult for me.
A. Translation B. Translate C. The translation D. A translation
38. ____ of this novel is excellent, quite to my surprise.
A. Translation B. Translate C. The translation D. A translation
39. The police ____ looking into the matter now. A. be B. is C. are D. are going to
40. The Chinese are ____ brave and hard working people. A. the B. a C. / D. one
41. No news ____ good news. A. is B. are C. have D. has
42. Maths still ____ very difficult for me, though I have done my best.
A. looks B. seems C. is D. are
43. “Where ____ my trousers ” the boy asked. A. is B. was C. were D. are
44. How happy they are! Obviously, they are ____.
A. in nice spirits B. in nice spirit C. in high spirits D. in high spirit
45. I saw many ____ seated in the corner reading something.
A. Japanese B. Japaneses C. of Japanese D. of Japaneses
46. Father went to his doctor for ____ about his heart trouble.
A. an advice B. advice C. advices D. the advices
47. We are ____ and they are ____. A. Englishmen, Germans
B. Englishmen, German C. Englishmans, Germans D. Englishmen, Germen
48. ____ are made of ____.
A. A glass, a glass B. Glasses, glass C. The glass, the glass D. Glasses, glasses
49. I’ll have to buy ____ trousers. A. a B. two C. a pair of D. a couple of
50. There are two ____ in our class. A. Liu B. Lius C. Liu’s D. Lius’
51. ____ is needed in cold countries.
A. A lot of clothes B. Much clothing C. Many a cloth D. Lots of clothes
52. They are ____. A. mathematics student B. mathematic students
C. students in mathematics D. mathematics students
53. The laboratory assistant recorded the ____ reactions（反应）.
A. mouses’ B. mice C. mices’ D. mice’s
54. This letter was sent by ____.
A. my father friend B. my father friend’s C. a friend of my father’s D. a friend of my father
55. Ten years had passed. I found she had ____.
A. a little white hair B. some white hair C. a few white hair D. a few white hairs
56. I have made ____ with Billy. A. friends B. friend C. a friend D. the friend
57. The population of Beijing is ____ than that of Xi’an. A. more B. larger C. fewer D. small
58. There are thirty-two ____ in our school.
A. woman teacher B. women teacher C. women teachers D. woman teachers
59. He had tried everything but it made little______ .
　　A. use 　 B. good 　 C. difference 　 D. result
60. You must get there within half an hour. There should be no______ in sending the blood to the dying man.
　　A. wait 　 B. delay 　 C. time 　 D. hurry
61. Enough of it! Nobody here thinks what you are saying should make any______ .
　　A. excuse　 B. sense　 C. use 　 D. value
62. -How dare you play on such thin ice -Playing on ice is not my ______of spare time.
　　A. idea　 B. thought 　 C. mind 　 D. intention
63. Helen said she would like to go to Atlanta by air, but I wonder if she has enough money to pay for the______ .
　　A. travel 　 B. tourism 　 C. journey 　 D. course
64. One splendid mountain______ followed another during our journey from Mieheel more to Rurunz.
　　A. view 　 B. glance 　 C. screen　 D. scene
65.The new law will come into ___on the day it is passed. (1999上海)
　　A. effect　　 B. use　　 C. service 　　 D. existence
66. When you play' football, what ______do you play
　　A. situation　 B. place　 C. part 　 D. position
67. It's important for us to employ a word or a phrase according to the______in language studies.
　　A. situation 　 B. expression 　 C. condition 　 D. translation
68. I wrote him a letter to show my ______of his thoughtfulness.
　　A. achievement 　 B. agreement 　 C. view　 D. appreciation
69. One of the advantages of living on the top floor of a high-rise is that you can get a good______ .
　　A. sight 　 B. scene　 C. view 　 D. look
70. Nowadays natural gas, wind and other forms of ______are widely used in the country.
　　A. energy 　 B. force 　 C. power 　 D. materials
71. ______with foreign countries can bring us much information about the world.
　　A. Contrast　 B. Competition 　 C. Contact 　 D. Combination
72. We all know that______speak louder than words.
A. movements 　 B. performances 　 C. operations　 D. actions
73.We have worked out the plan and now we must put it into ___.(NMET1997 38)
　　A. fact　　 B. reality 　　 C. practice 　　 D. deed
74.We've missed the last bus. I'm afraid we have no ____but to take a taxi.(Met 1993 ,33)
　　A. way 　　 B. choice　　 C. possibility 　　 D. selection
75.He dropped the ___and broke it . (Met 1993, 38)
　　A. cup of coffee 　　 B. coffee's cup 　　 C. cup for coffee　　 D. coffee cup
76.Here's my card. Let's keep in ____. (NMET1994 ,33)
　　A. touch 　　 B. relation　　 C. connection 　　 D. friendship
77.He gained his ___by printing ___of famous writers.(NMET1995,40)
　　A. wealth; work 　 B. wealths ; works 　 C. wealths; work 　 D. wealth; works
78.I'll look into the matter as soon as possible , just have a little ___.(MET 1996 ,10)
　　A. wait 　　 B. time 　　 C. patience D. rest
79.If by any chance someone comes to see me, ask them to leave a ____.(NMET1997,18)
　　A. message 　　 B. letter 　　 C. sentence 　　 D. notice
80.These football players had no strict ___until they joined our club. (1997.上海 20)
　　A. practice 　　 B. education 　　 C. exercise 　　 D. training
81.Many countries are increasing their use of natural gas, wind and other forms of ___.(1996.上海.15)
　　A. energy 　　 B. source 　　 C. power 　　 D. material
82.You'll find this map of great __in helping you to get round London.(NMET 1998 21)
　　A. price 　　 B. cost 　　 C. value 　　 D. usefulness
83.We all know that ___speak louder than words.(1999.上海 24)
　　A. movements 　 B. performances 　 C. operations 　　 D. actions
84.My parents always let me have my own ____of living. (1999.上海25)
　　A. way 　　 B. method　　 C. manner 　　 D. fashion
Key：
1~5 BBDDD 6~10 BBCAA 11~15 ABCCB 16~20 DAACD 21~25 DBDCD
26~30 BADBD 31~35 AABDC 36~40 BACCB 41~45 ABDCA 46~50 BABCB
51~55 BDDCD 56~60 ABCCB 61~65 BACAA 66~70 DADCA 71~75 CDCBD
76~80 ADCAD 81~84 ACDA
二．冠词
冠词分为不定冠词（a, an），定冠词（the），和零冠词。
I. 不定冠词的用法：
1 指一类人或事，相当于a kind of A plane is a machine that can fly.
2 第一次提及某人某物，非特指 A boy is waiting for you.
3 表示“每一”相当于every，one We study eight hours a day.
4 表示“相同”相当于the same We are nearly of an age.
5 用于人名前，表示不认识此人或与某名人有类似性质的人或事 A Mr. Smith came to visit you when you were outThat boy is rather a Lei Feng.
6 用于固定词组中 A couple of, a bit, once upon a time, in a hurry, have a walk, many a time
7 用于quite, rather, many, half, what, such之后 This room is rather a big one.
8 用于so(as, too, how)+形容词之后 She is as clever a girl as you can wish to meet.
9 用在某些不可数名词前，表示某种具体的情况或概念。相当于汉语的“一场、一次；一个/种”等意，表示“每一”，相当于any/every It is a great pleasure to meet you here.Our boss has a wide knowledge of history. a heavy rain , a new culture , a success , be of an age, an ice cream
10 用于序数词前，表示“又一，再一” He failed four times ,but he wanted to try a fifth one.
11 习惯用法 all of a sudden ; take an interest in ; in a word; in a hurry; in a way; in a minute /moment; have a cold ,have a good time ; take a rest; at a loss ; go for a walk ; play a role in , with a smile ; as a matter of fact ; in a sense ; have a try ; have a say in ; make a name for oneself
II. 定冠词的用法：
1 表示某一类人或物 The horse is a useful animal.
2 用于世上独一无二的事物名词前 the universe, the moon, the Pacific Ocean但当这类名词前有形容词修饰时，亦可用不定冠词： a starry sky; a full moon; a red sun; a rough sea
3 表示说话双方都了解的或上文提到过的人或事 Would you mind opening the door
4 用于乐器前面,报刊以及某些公共团体或建筑物等名称前（旅馆，剧院，车站，学校，宫殿，博物馆等） play the violin, play the guitar但下列不用冠词：News week, Time ;Life, Congress国会； Parliament议会
5 用于形容词和分词前表示一类人 the reach, the living, the wounded
6 表示“一家人”或“夫妇”(姓氏的复数前) the Greens, the Wangs
7 用于序数词和形容词副词比较级最高级前 He is the taller of the two children.
8 用于国家党派等以及江河湖海，山川群岛的名词前 the United States, the Communist Party of China, the French
9 用于表示发明物的单数名词前 The compass was invented in China.
10 在逢十的复数数词之前，指世纪的某个年代 in the 1990’s
11 用于表示单位的名词前 I hired the car by the hour.
12 用于方位名词，身体部位名词，及表示时间的词组前 He patted me on the shoulder.
13 用于历史时期或朝代，学校，船只，三军等名词前 the Stone Age; the Tang Dynasty; the central Academy of Fine Arts(中央美术学院)。但Beijing University
14 习惯用法 in the dark. ; take the place of ; the other day; make the bed; in the open ; break the ice; on the whole; keep the peace ; on the contrary; in the end ,at the latest ; strike the eye; burn the midnight oil; on the air; on the part of ; on the spot; put the blame on ; on the increase ; for the time being ; with the exception of
III. 零冠词的用法：
1 专有名词，物质名词，抽象名词，人名地名等名词前 Beijing University, Jack, China, love, air
2 名词前有this, my, whose, some, no, each, every等限制 I want this book, not that one. / Whose purse is this
3 季节，月份，星期，节假日，一日三餐前 March, Sunday, National Day, spring
4 表示职位，身份，头衔的名词前以及在表语、补语或同位语中的职位名称前 Lincoln was made President of America.They elected Gandhi chairman of the meeting.
5 学科，语言，球类，棋类名词前 He likes playing football/chess.
6 与by连用表示交通工具的名词前 by train, by air, by land
7 以and连接的两个相对的名词并用时 husband and wife, knife and fork, day and night
8 表示泛指的复数名词前 Horses are useful animals.
9 名词前有this.that,these,those 以及形容词性物主代词、不定代词（some ,any, no, every,neither）等限定词时 That old lady likes those cats.
10 习惯用法 at dawn/daybreak/sunset; in danger ; on horseback, on foot; under way, by chance ; out of stock ; out of place
专题练习（一）
1. In America, ____ car is ____ popular means of transportation（交通设施）.
A. the, the B. a, the C. the, / D. the, a
2. ---- What happened ---- They left in such ____ hurry that they forgot to lock ____ door.
A. a, a B. a, the C. /, the D. /, a
3. There were two small rooms in the house, ____ smaller of which served as ____ kitchen.
A. a, the B. the, a C. the, the D. a, a
4. I ordered ____ book some time ago. ____ book has arrived.
A. a, The B. the, A C. a, A D. /, The
5. Mr Smith is ____ European and his wife is ____ American.
A. an, an B. a, a C. a, an D. an, a
6. Lesson 10 is ____ most difficult lesson, but it isn’t ____ most difficult lesson in Book One.
A. a, a B. a, the C. the, the D. the, a
7. My sister works in a factory. She goes home once ____ month. A. a B. an C. the D. every
8. He was absent because he had caught ____.
A. heavy a cold B. the heavy cold C. a heavy cold D. heavy cold
9. ____ water is ____ liquid. A. The, a B. A, a C. /, / D. /, a
10. In winter ____ people often hang up wet clothes near ____ fire.
A. /, / B. a, a C. /, a D. the, a
11. He has tried twice, and the captain asks him to have ____ third try.
A. a B. the C. another D. other
12. He was a top student in the class, he often got ____ in English.
A. first B. a first C. second D. the second
13. ____ horse is ____ useful animal. A. The, the B. The, a C. The, an D. /, a
14. Tom left Shanghai in ____.
A. the summer 1995 B. summer 1995 C. 1995 the summer D. the summer of 1995
15. ____ children here live ____ most happy life. A. The, the B. The, a C. The, / D. /, the
16. The soldier died during ____ World War I. A. the B. the first C. / D. a
17. In ____ Marx began to learn Russian.
A. a 1870 B. 1870s C. the year of 1870 D. the 1870s
18. Alice is ____ of the two girls. A. taller B. the tall C. more tall D. the taller
19. ---- Can your sister play ____ ---- No, but she can play ____.
A. the tennis, the piano B. tennis, piano C. the tennis, piano D. tennis, the piano
20. The introduction is always in ____ of a book.
A. front B. the front C. a front D. instead
21. She touched her daughter gently ____ shoulder.
A. in her B. on her C. in the D. on the
22. Both ____ wounded and ____ sick were sent to safety.
A. /, / B. the, the C. /, the D. the, /
23. ____ doctors and ____ nurses should care for their patients.
A. The, the B. /, / C. The, / D. /, the
24. Tell us the story as ____ Mother told you. A. a B. the C. an D. /
25. Do you know how long ____ has lived on the earth
A. man B. the man C. a man D. men
26. The man was once thrown into ____ prison for robbing the bank. A. a B. an C. the D./
27. ____ Mount Tai is in the east of China. A. A B. The C. / D. That
28. I like ____ history. I am studying ____ history of China.
A. the, / B. /, the C. a, / D. /, a
29. He wrote a letter ____ pencil. A. with B. in C. in a D. use a
30. On October 1, the Chinese people celebrated ____ with new achievements and victories.
A. National Day B. the National Day C. our National Day D. a National Day
专题练习（二）
1. ---You mean you know the man 　---I know________ man exactly like him.
　　 A. other 　 B. the 　 C. / 　 D. a
2. Wouldn't it be_________ wonderful world if all nations live in ________peace with one another
　　 A. a, / 　 B. the, / 　 C. a, the　 D. the, the
3. ---I hear that as many as 1,500 people were killed in the earthquake.
　---Yes, ________ news came as ________ shock to us.
　　 A. a, a 　 B. the, a 　 C. /, / 　 D. /, a
4. At midnight they reached ________ small village ________ east of ______ Everwhite Mountain.
　　 A. a,/, the 　 B. a,/, / 　 C. the, the, the　 D. the, an, an
5. Nanjing lies on ________ Changjiang River and has ________ population of more than four million.
　　 A. the, the 　 B. the, / 　 C. the, a　 D. /, a
6. Bill Clinton took ________ office on January 20th, 1993 and left ________ office on January 20th, 2001.
　　 A. /, / 　 B. his, his 　 C. the, the　 D. an, his
7. We learn to go all out to work for ____ good of ____ society.
　　 A. the, / 　 B. /, / 　 C. /, a 　 D. the, the
8. Paris is ____ most beautiful city, where you can see ____ famous Eiffel Tower.
　　 A. a, the 　 B. a, / 　 C. the, a　 D. the, the
9. ---What about ____ bike ---Do you think it all right to buy him ____ bike as ____ birthday present
　　 A. the, the, the 　B. a, the, a 　 C. the, a, the　 D. the, the, a
10. He had decided to give it up, but on ____ second thoughts he decided to try ____ third time.
　　 A. the, a 　 B. /, / 　 C. a, a　 D. /, a
11. Towards ____ morning, ____ heavy rain began to fall.
　　 A. the, a 　 B. a, a 　 C. the, / 　 D. the, /
12. ---Excuse me, where are ____ books for biology
　---Follow me. They' re on this shelf. Do you want ____ new or used book
　　 A. a, a 　 B. a, the 　 C. the, a 　 D. the, the
13. Young as he is, David has gained ____ rich experience in ____ society.
　　 A. /, / 　 B. the, the 　 C. a, / 　 D./, the
14. ---My son is lost. Did you see a boy passing by
　---I saw ____ boy hidden behind ____ tree over there. You may go and have a look.
　　 A. a, a 　 B. the, the 　 C. a, the　 D. the, a
15. Mary climbed to the top of the mountain in ____ hurry, looked down and found in ____ surprise that ____ whole town took on a new look.
　　 A. a, the, the 　 B. a,/,the 　 C. /,/,the 　 D. /,/,a
16. In ____ old society many young women died by so curious and cruel ____ custom.
　　 A. an, a 　 B. /, the 　 C. the, a 　 D. the, /
17. ---You' re sure to help me find ____ bed for my new house
　---Sure, but not now. I'm heading for ____ bed and a good sleep.
　　 A. a, a 　 B. the, a 　 C. a, / 　 D. the, /
18. The wheel is thought to be _____ first invention of _____ transportation.
　　 A. the, the 　 B. a, a 　 C. a, / 　 D. the, /
19. Some people say that ____ British are _____ funny people.
　　 A. the, a 　 B. /, the 　 C. /, / 　 D. the, /
20. Don' t worry about _____ mistakes. They' re _____ natural part of learning.
　　 A. /, a 　 B. the, / 　 C. /, the 　 D. the, the
21. ---Selma looks especially pretty tonight. 　 ---Yes, she always looks her best in _____ of that kind.
　　 A. the dress 　 B. a dress 　 C. dress 　 D. the dresses
22. --- _____did you think of the exhibition 　---Oh, it was ____ success.
　　 A. How, really a B. What, great 　 C. How, / 　 D. What, quite a
23. The child had only _____ slight temperature, but the doctor regarded _____ illness as serious enough for ____ hospital treatment.
　　 A. /,/,the 　 B. a,/,/ 　 C. a, the,/　 D. /,the, the
24. ---Did you have ____ wonderful time yesterday 　　 ---Yes. I was on _____ top of _____ world.
　　 A. /, the, a 　 B. a, /, the 　 C. a, a, the 　 D. a, the, the
25. I don' t usually have _____ breakfast, but I always eat _____ good lunch.
　　 A. /, / 　 B. /, a 　 C. the, / 　 D. /, the
26. ---I hear there'll be ____ talk on English study tomorrow morning.
　---Do you mean ____ speech our teacher asked us to listen to
　　 A. a, the 　 B. the, a 　 C. the, the 　 D. a, a
27. Mr. Stock runs _____ small business, who is in ____ Mexico on business.
　　 A. a, a 　 B. /, / 　 C. a, the 　 D. a, /
28. Although _____ motor car has been with us for almost a century, I have never been able to drive_____ American one.
　　 A. a, the 　 B. a, / 　 C. the, an　 D. the, the
29. Xi'an was _____ starting point of _____ world-famous Silk Road.
　　 A. /, / 　 B. a, a 　 C. the, /　 D. the, the
30. ---What does "on _____one hand…on _____other" means
　---What_____great fun! You're asking me such a simple question.
　　 A. the, the, / 　 B. the, the, a 　 C. /, the, a　 D. /, the, /
31. Alexander Gramha Bell invented ____telephone in 1876. (MET1991)
　　 A./;　 B. a　 C. the　 D. one
32.After watching ____TV, she played ____violin for an hour.
　　 A./;/　 B. the ; the　 C. the; /　 D./;the （ MET1991 11）
33. ---Where's jack ---I think he's still _____in bed, but he might just be in ____bathroom.
　 A./; /　 B. the; the　 C. the; /　 D./; the （ MET1992 36）
34.Many people are still in ___habit of writing silly things in ___public places.
　 A. the ; the　 B./; /　 C. the; /　 D./; the （MET 1993 19）
35.She is ___newcomer to ___chemistry but she has already made some important discoveries.
　　 A. the; the　 B. the ; /　 C. a; /　 D. a ; the （NMET1994 20）
36.Wouldn't it be ___wonderful world if all nations lived in ___peace with one another
　　 A. a; /　B. the; /　C. a; the　D. the; the （NMET1994 23）
37.Many people agree that ___knowledge of English is a must in __international trade today.
　　 A. a; /　 B. the; an　 C. the; the　 D./;the （NMET 1996 13）
38. Paper money was in ___use in China when Marco Polo visited the country in ___thirteenth century.
　　 A. the ; /　 B. the; the　 C./; the　 D./; /（NMET 1999 8）
39.It is not true in ___that people in ___fifties are going to university for further education .
A.90s; their　 B. the 90s; /　 C.90s; / D. the 90s; their（1999.上海 6）
40.Most animals have little connection with ____animals of ___different kind unless they kill them for food.
　　 A. the; a　 B./; a　 C. the ; the　 D./; the (NMET2000 10)
41.---Have you seen ___pen I left it here this morning.
　 ---Is it ___black one I think I saw it somewhere.(NMET1997 7)
　　 A. a; the　 B. the; the　 C. the ; a　 D. a; a
42.Summers in ___ south of France are for ___most part dry and sunny.
　　 A./; a　 B. the; /　 C./; /　 D. the ; the (2000.春招 8)
43.I don't like talking on ____ telephone; I prefer writing _____letters.(2002春招 26)
　　 A. a; the　 B. the ;不填　 C. the; the　 D. was killing
44.Jumping out of ___airplane at ten thousand feet is quite ____exciting experience.(NMET 2002,26)
　　 A./;the　 B./;an　 C. an; an　 D. the; the
45. ---I don't like_____New York at all. 　---But this isn't_____ New York you remember.
　　 A. the, the 　 B. /, the 　 C. the, / 　 D. /, a
Key:
一、1~5 DBBAC 6~10 BACDC 11~15 ABBDB 16~20 CDDDB 21~25 DBBDA
26~30 DCBBA
二、1~5 DABAC 6~10 AAADD 11~15 ACACB 16~20 CCDAA 21~25 BDCBB
26~30 ADCDD 31~35 CDDCC 36~40 AACDB 41~45 DDBCB
三、主谓一致
主语情况 谓语 例句
就近一致 由or,nor,either...or ;neither...nor; not only...but also; not ...but;whether...or等连接的主语 与最近的主语保持一致 Either you or she is young.Not only we but also the teacher likes playing football.Neither he or you have finished the task.
由there ,here引起的句子，主语又不止一个，其谓语动词通常和邻近的那个词保持一致 与第一个主语一致 Where is your teacher and classmates There is a knife and some apples here.Here are some envelopes and paper.
在倒装句中 与最后一个主语一致 South of the city is a large stadium.In front of the girl are some flowers.
语法一致 主语的人称，数决定谓语动词的形式。即：主单谓单，主复谓复 看主语 Is your father an engineer Mice like to eat grain.
由and 或both...and连接的并列主语 复数 He and I were classmates at that time.Both bread and butter are sold out.
单数名词，动名词，不定式或从句作主语（what引导的主语从句其后的谓语形式要依据表语的单复数形式定） 单数 A cow eats grass and gives us milk.To work hard is necessary.Teaching biology is her job.What he need is more water.
用and连接的并列主语如果是指同一人或物（只有一个冠词）或者主语前分别有each,every或no修饰；（如果指代不同的人或物，要有两个冠词，谓语用复数） 单数 The worker and writer has come.Bread and butter is daily food in the west.Every boy and every girl has the right to receive education in our country.
不定代词either,neither,each,the other,no one,another,anyone,something,everybody,nobody等以及many a +名词单数，this kind of +名词单数；more than one +名词单数作主语 单数 Each of the children has an apple.Somebody is waiting for you at home.Everything around us is matter.Many a boy likes playing football.
主语后接with,together with, as well as ; but ;except; besides;like,including;more than ,rather than ,accompanied by等短语时 与主语一致 She as well as her friends likes this film.My sister ,like you ,is very clever.An old lady with two sons has come.
由 a lot of /lots of plenty of /half of / the rest of /most of +名词（或代词）或分数/百分数+名词作主语 依of后的数而定 60 percent of them are against the plan.Three-fifths of the water is polluted.Half of the bananas are rotten.
grasses，trousers,shoes,shorts,scissors等复数名词作主语，谓语动词用复数；若其前有pair/kind/type/box of等量词修饰时 依量词的数而定 His shoes are on the shelf.Two pairs of shorts are on the shelf.There is a pair of black shoes left.
定语从句中关系代词which, who,that,的数要依先行词而定；但在“one of +复数名词+从句”中，从句的谓语动词用复数；若one 之前有the only/very时，从句的谓语动词用单数 视具体情况而定 This is one of the most interesting questions that have been asked.He's the only one of the boys who was praised.He's one of the boys who were praised.
意义一致 表示总称意义的名词，如people,police,public, cattle等作主语 复数 People are talking about the news.The police haven't arrived.
有些集体名词family,class,group,enemy,team,club,company等作主语，若作“整体”看，谓语用单数；若视为其中的成员时用复数 视具体情况而定 His family has moved to Shanghai.His family are all fond of music.His class is large than ours.
who,what, which,all, more, most,some,any,half,none,the rest等作主语 视具体情况而定 Who is a doctor Who are league members Most of them are young men.
表示时间，距离，重量，数字，金额等的复数名词作“整体”看时；表示“运算”的数词 单数 Ten years is not a long time.Six hundred dollars is quite enough.
以s结尾的学科名词politics,maths等及news,works,means属“形复意单”名词，另书报名，国名等复数名词作主语 单数 Physics seems to be difficult for me.The United States is a developed country.This works was built in the 1960s.
A number of /a variety of +f复数名词，the +形容词指“一类人”时作主语，谓语动词用复数； the number of+复数名词，the +形容词指抽象的事物时，谓语动词用单数 视具体情况而定 There are a variety of toys in this shop.The variety of goods in this shop is rich.The poor were not able to buy the house.The beautiful is not always the useful.
练习：主谓一致
1.I, who____ your friend, will try my best to help you with your English.
A.am B.is C.are D.be
2. The rich ____ not always happy.
A.are B.is C.has D.have
3. Neither Tom nor Jack and I ____ his students.
A.are B.am C.is D.was
4. Mary as well as her sisters ____ Chinese in China.
A. are studying B. have studied C. studies D. study
5. Neither my father nor I ____ at home.
A.am B.is C.are D.be
6. Not only my brother but also I ____ good at painting. Both of us ____ good painters.,
A.are;are B.am;am C.ani;are D.is;is
7. Every' boy and every girl ____ to attend the evening party.
A.wish B.wishes C.is like D.like
8. Over 80 percent of the population of China ____ peasants.
A.was B.is C. would be D.are
9. The population of China ____ larger than that of .any other country in the world.
A.is B.are C.has D.have
10. Every means ____ tried but without any result.
A. have been B.is to be C.are to be D. has been
11. Alice, together with two boys,____ for having broken the rule.
A. was punished B. punished C. were punished D. being punished
12. The League secretary and the monitor____ asked to attend the .meeting this afternoon.
A.is B.was C.are D.is being
13. The great writer and professor____.
A. is an old man B. are both old men
C. is an old man and a young man D. were two Chinese
14. There ____ a pen, two pencils and three books on the desk.
A.are B.is C.has D.have
15. A large number of students in our class____ girls.
A. are B. was C. is D. be
16. The number of deer, mountain lions and wild roses ____ much if people leave things as they are.
A. doesn' t change B.don't change C.change D.changed
17. The Arabian Nights ____ well known to the English.
A. is B. are C. was D. were
18. Chairman Mao' s works ____ published.
A. has been B.have been C.was D.is
19. A chemical works____ built there.
A. is to being B.have been C. were to D.has been
20. The Olympic Games ____ held every ____ years.
A.is;four B.are;four C.is;five D.are;five
21 .The United States of America one of the most developed countries in the world.
A.is B.are C.was D.were
22.He is the only one of die students who ____ elected.
A. are B.have C.has D.is
23.Theis is one of the most interesting questions that ____ asked.
A.have B.has C. have been D.has been
24.Many a man ____ come to help us.
A.have B.has C.is D.are
25."All____ present and all____ going on well," our monitor said.
A.is;is B.are;are C.are;is D.is;are
26. The police ____ the murderer everywhere when he suddenly appeared in a theatre.
A. is searching for B. were searching for C. are searching for D. were searching
27.Your trousers____ dirty.You must have____ washed.
A.is;il B.are;it C.are;them D.is;them
28.This pair of trouseis ____ too long for him.
A.is B.be C.are D.were
29. One and a half bananas ____ left on the table.
A.is B.are C.has D.have
30. Eight times eight ____ sixty - four.
A.is B.are C.get D.equal
31 .Ten minutes____ an hour when one is waiting for a phone call.
A.seems B.seem C.seemed D.seemes
32.____of the money____ nm out.
A. Three-fifth; has B. Three-fifth; has been C. Three-fifths; has D. Three-fifths; have
33. The whole class ____ the teacher attentively.
A. are listening to B. is listening to C.are listening D. is listening
34.1 have finished a large part of the book, the rest of which___ more difficult.
A.is B.are C.was D.were
35. Between the two rows of trees ____ the teaching building.
A.stand B.stands C. standing D.are
36. Large quantities of water ____ for irrigation.
A. is needed B. has -needed C. are needed D. need
37. That they were wrong in these matters ____ now clear to us all.
A. is B.was C.are D.all
38.What we need____ good textbooks.
A.is B.are C.have D.has
39. What you said just now____ the matter we are discussing.
A.have something to at B. has something to do with
C.had something to do with D.has been something to do with
40. More than one member ____ against the plan.
A. is B.are C.has D.have
41. When and where to build the new factory ____ yet.
A. has not decided B. is not decided C. are not decided D. have not decided
42. Half of the fruit ____ bad.
A. are B. has C. is D. have
43. ____ either of your parents come to see you recently
A. Have B. Had C. Has D. Is
44. Mathematics ____ the language of science.
A. are B. are going to be C. is D. is to be
45. My family ____ small.
A. is B. were C. are D. makes
46. The following ____ some other examples.
A. Are B. is C. was D. were
47. They both have some friends; but his ____ more active.
A. is B. will be C. was D. are
48. Both rice and wheat ____ grown in that country.
A. is B. are C. was D. has
49. Early to bed and early to rise ____ a good habit.
A. Are B. is C. were D. was
50. To play basketball and to go swimming ____ useful for character-training.
A. was B. is C. are D. were
51. Either he or I ____ to attend the mass meeting this evening.
A. is B. am C. are D. be
52. ____ either he or I to attend the mass meeting this evening.
A. is B. am C. are D. be
53. An iron and steel works, with some satellite factories, ____ to be built here.
A. are B. were C. is D. will
54. She as well as her brother ____ a League member.
A. are B. were C. will D. is
55. His family ____ a big one. Now the family ____ watching TV.
A. is, are B. are, is C. is, is D. are, are
56. It is I who ____ going to attend the meeting tomorrow.
A. is B. am C. are D. be
57. More than 60% of the students ____ the countryside.
A. is B. are C. is from D. are from
58. Many a man ____ the novel.
A. has read B. have read C. is read D. are read
59. Tom is the only one of the students who ____ going to swim this afternoon.
A. is B. was C. are D. were
60. Here ____ a pen, a few pencils and some paper for you.
A. are B. is C. was D. were
四．代词：
I. 代词可以分为以下七大类：
1 人称代词 主格 I, you, he, she, it, we, you, they
宾格 me, you, him, her, it, us, you, them
2 物主代词 形容词性 my, your, his, her, its, our, their
名词性 mine, yours, his, hers, its, ours, theirs
3 反身代词 myself, yourself, himself, herself, itself, ourselves, yourselves, themselves
4 指示代词 this, that, these, those, such, some
5 疑问代词 who, whom, whose, which, what, whoever, whichever, whatever
6 关系代词 that, which, who, whom, whose, as
7 不定代词 one/ some/ any, each/ every, none/ no, many/ much, few/ little/ a few/ a little,
other/ another, all/ both, neither/ either
II. 不定代词用法注意点：
1. one, some与any:
1) one可以泛指任何人，也可特指，复数为ones。some多用于肯定句，any多用于疑问句和否定句。
One should learn to think of others.
Have you any bookmarks No, I don’t have any bookmarks.
I have some questions to ask.
2) some可用于疑问句中，表示盼望得到肯定的答复，或者表示建议，请求等。
Would you like some bananas Could you give me some money
3) some 和any修饰可数名词单数时，some表示某个，any表示任何一个。
I have read this article in some magazine. Please correct the mistakes, if any.
4) some和数词连用表示“大约”，any可与比较级连用表示程度。
There are some 3,000 students in this school. Do you feel any better today
2. each和every:
each强调个别，代表的数可以是两个或两个以上，而every强调整体，所指的数必须是三个或三个以上。
Each student has a pocket dictionary. / Each (of us) has a dictionary. / We each have a dictionary.
Every student has strong and weak points. / Every one of us has strong and weak points.
3. none和no：
no等于not any，作定语。none作主语或宾语，代替不可数名词，谓语用单数，代替可数名词，谓语单复数皆可以。
There is no water in the bottle.
How much water is there in the bottle None.
None of the students are (is) afraid of difficulties.
4. other和another:
1) other泛指“另外的，别的”常与其他词连用，如：the other day, every other week, some other reason, no other way,
the other特指两者中的另外一个，复数为the others。如：
He held a book in one hand and his notes in the other.
Two students in our class failed, but all the others passed the exam.
2) another指“又一个，另一个”无所指，复数形式是others，泛指“别的人或事”如：
I don’t like this shirt, please show me another (one).
The trousers are too long, please give me another pair / some others.
Some like football, while others like basketball.
5. all和both, neither和either
all表示不可数名词时，其谓语动词用单数。both和all加否定词表示部分否定，全部否定用neither和none.
All of the books are not written in English. / Not all of the books are written in English.
Both of us are not teachers. / Not both of us are teachers. / Either of us is a teacher.
人称、物主、反身、指示代词
高考重点要求
　　1．掌握人称代词、物主代词、疑问代词、反身代词、指示代词的基本用法。2．重点掌握不定代词的指代含义及数的情况，能通过语境准确选取答案。3．掌握it的基本用法。
　　一．人称代词
　　1）分清主格和宾格形式。
　　eg：---I love you more than her，child ．/ ---You mean more than ___love her or more than she loves____ 　　 A． you；me 　　B．I；you 　　 C．you；you 　　D．I；me
　　2)注意约定俗成的用法。
　　---Who is it 　　---It's me ．　　---I'd like to have a rest ．　　---Me，too．
　　3）使用we 和you 泛指一般人
　　4)使用she代表国家、船只、月亮、大地等
　　China is a great country．She has a long history．
　　5)并列主语或宾语中顺序是：you，he(she) and I； we，you and they
　　二．物主代词：名词性物主代词――在句中做主语、宾语、表语、补足语，构成双重所有格：a friend of mine 。形容词性物主代词――只能起定语作用。
　　三．反身代词
　　1) 在句中作宾语、表语和同位语；2)单复数的确定；3)在一些语境中的特殊含义。
　　e.g. I'm not quite myself today．我今天不大舒服。/ Ｍake yourself at home．不要拘礼；请随便吧。 / Don't get nervous，help yourself to what you like．别紧张，喜欢吃什么就吃什么。/ Have you enjoyed yourself today 你今天玩得愉快吗？
　　四．指示代词
（一）this，that，these those
　　1．在句子中作主语、宾语、表语和定语。
　　2．this(these)一般指时间和空间上较近的人或物，而that (those)常指时间和空间上较远的人或物。e.g. This is a novel and that is a magazine．
　　3．this(these)一般指后面要讲到的事物，而that(those)常指前面讲到的事物。e.g. What he told me is this：he wanted to go to Beijing．/ He didn't come．That is why he didn't know．
　　4．that，those 常用来指代前面提到过的某个名词。e.g. The oil output in 1998 was higher than that of 1995．( that 代替oil output) / The cars made in Japan are better than those in Germany．
　　（二）such
　　such引起倒装句，谓语数取决于后面主语的数：e.g Such is my answer．/ Such are our people．
　　做定语，注意和so 的区别，尤其是在so …that， such…that 句型中。e.g. I have never seen such beautiful flowers．(复数名词前，so 不可) / I have never seen such a great film．(也可为so great a film) / We have such beautiful weather today that we should go out for an outing．(不可数词前，不可用so) / There are so many people in the hall that it's hard for me to find him．(在数量概念的many，much，little，few 之前，不可用such )
专题练习（一）
1. New English-Chinese Dictionary has been republished several times,_____ more up to date than the last edition.
　　 A. any B. everyone C. either D. each
2. After paying 1,000 dollars_____ ,you'll all become full members of our club.
　　 A. each B. all C. every D. both
3._____ was her cruelty that we all hated her.
　　 A. It B. What C. That D. Such
4. Mary has been ill in bed for a week. I wonder if she is _____ better now.
　　 A. much B. some C. any D. very
5. -Which of these two ties will you take -I don't like these. Do you have any_____
　　 A. one B. other C. ones D. others
6. I' d rather ride a bike as bike riding has _____ of the trouble of taking buses.
　　 A. much B. all C. neither D. none
7. I need some blue ink today but there is _____ at hand.
　　 A. not B. nothing C. a little D. none
8. I found the very watch of mine _____ I had left _____ .
　　 A. where, it B. that, it C. which, one D. where, one
9. I haven't got time to get the tickets. Who's going to ____
　　 A. do so B. do it C. buy it D. do them
10. -Jack certainly has a high opinion of Susan. 　　It can't be better than _____of him.
　　 A. hers B. she C. that D. her
11. -Shall we introduce ____ fire-fighting equipment from abroad -Go ahead, if necessary.
　　 A. other B. a few more C. another D. some other
12. -How about the price of these refrigerators -They are equal in price to, if not cheaper than,_____ at the other stores.
　　 A. others B. it C. that D. the ones
13. -I dislike _____ when others laugh at me in public or speak ill of me behind. -So do I.
　　 A. them B. those C. it D. that
14. -Which do you prefer, classical music or pop music 　 -_____. I prefer folk music.
　　 A. Either B. Both C. None D. Neither
15. Why don' t you trust and use old Tom He is still as strong as _____ in the team.
　　 A. nobody B. anybody else C. everybody D. somebody else
16. -Are the new methods taking any effect -Yes,_____ articles are stolen from our supermarket.
　　 A. few B. more C. some D. none
17. During the meeting a young man cried out suddenly and threw his notebook at the chairman,_____ brought the room to disorder.
　　 A. it B. and which C. and that D. this
18. I've just seen no more than one copy of Gone with the Wind in the bookshop opposite. Tom, go and buy_____ back.
　　 A. one B. any C. it D. some
19. -Do you have _____ at home now -No, we still have to get scores of eggs and some vegetables.
　　 A. nothing 　　 B. everything 　　C. anything 　　 D. something
20. Nancy is expecting another baby and hopes _____ will be a boy.
　　 A. he 　　 B. that 　　 C. it 　　 D. there
21. Surely it's _____ with the big nose you mean, not ____!
　　 A. he, I 　　 B. him, me 　　 C. him, I 　　 D. he, me
22. The temperature can fall to –30℃. _____ is,30°C below freezing point.
　　 A. Which 　　 B. It 　　 C. That 　　 D. This
23. -The exam was easy, wasn't it 　 -Yes, but I don' t think _____ could pass it.
　　 A. somebody 　 B. everybody 　　C. anybody 　　 D. nobody
24. Cut the apple into halves so that the twins may each get _____ half.
　　 A. every 　　 B. each 　　 C. another 　　 D. either
25. _____ of us can do everything, but all of us can do _____ .
　　 A. None, something 　　B. Some, everything C. Few, something 　　D. Few, nothing
26. -May I help you with some gloves, sir -Yes, I'd like to try those blue ____.
　　 A. one 　　 B. ones 　　 C. pair 　　 D. two
27. Of all my friends _____ will be able to persuade Tom to change his mind. He is so firm upon it.
　　 A. none 　　 B. nobody 　 C. neither 　 D. no one
28. -Is he content to accept our offered price
-Yes. He cares more about the quality. Money is _____ to him.
　　 A. everything 　 B. anything 　　 C. nothing 　　 D. something
29. I have no idea which was better, so I took ____ of them.
　　 A. both 　　 B. none 　　 C. all 　　 D. any
30. You mustn't always do _____ as he asks you to do. He may be wrong sometimes.
　　 A. anything 　　 B. something 　　 C. nothing 　　 D. everything
31. I'm no painter, and to me, one painting is much like .
　　 A. another 　　 B. the other 　　 C. others 　　 D. one
32. I didn't want either of ____ hats and asked the salesman to show me_____.
　　 A. those, another 　　B. two, the other 　　C. all, the others 　　D. both, others
33. The children were catching butterflies in the garden. Some caught a lot, and others caught _ at all.
　　 A. nothing 　　 B. none 　　 C. no one 　　 D. neither
34. Thank you very much indeed. That' s _____ of you.
　　 A. kindest 　　 B. most kind 　　 C. the kinder 　　 D. the most kind
35. Jack is a very likable fellow, but I've learned to take _____ he says with a grain of salt.
　　 A. something B. anything 　　 C. nothing 　　 D. everything
36. -I love you more than her, child. -You mean more than ____ love her or more than she loves ____
　　 A. you, me 　　 B. I, you 　　 C. you, you 　　 D. I, me
专题练习（二）高考题选
1. Was it during the Second World War _____he died (MET88)
A．that　　 B. while 　　 C. in which 　　 D. then
2. Is _____necessary to take off our shoes when we enter the lab (MET88H)
A．everyone　　 B. this 　　 C. her 　　 D. it
3．Is _____possible to fly to the moon in a spaceship (MET88)
　 A．now　 B. that 　　 C. it 　　 D. man
4．His Parents wouldn't let him marry anyone _____family was poor．(MET88)
　 A．of whom　　 B. whom 　　 C. of whose 　　 D. whose
5．_____leaves the room last ought to turn off the light． (MET88)
　　A．Anyone　　 B. The person 　 C. Whoever 　　 D. Who
6．_____writer is better known in China，Charcles Dickens or Mark Twain (MET88)
　　A．Which　　 B. What 　　 C. Either 　　 D. Whether
7．---Have you seen Tom and Mary ---I haven' t seen _____of them．(MET88)
　　A．neither　　 B. any 　　 C. either 　　 D. all
8．Is _____necessary to complete the design before National Day (MET89)
　　A．this　　 B. that 　　 C. it 　　 D. he
9．All _____is needed is a supply of oil．(MET89)
　　A．the thing　　 B. that 　　 C. what 　　 D. which
10．His camera is more expensive than ______．(MET89)
　　A．hers　　 B. her 　　 C. it 　　 D. its
11．I don't think _____possible to master a foreign language without much memory work．(MET90)
　　A．this　　 B. that 　　 C. its 　　 D. it
12．______of them knew about the plan because it was kept in a secret．(MET90)
　 A．Each　　 B. Any 　　 C. No one 　　 D. None
13．He paid the boy ￥10 for washing ten windows，most of _____hadn't been cleaned for at least a year．(MET90)
　　A．these　　 B. those 　　 C. that 　　 D. which
14．Kate and her sister went to holiday with a cousin of _____．(MET90)
　　A．their　　 B. theirs 　　 C. her 　　 D. hers
15．I invited Tom and Ann to dinner，but _____of them came．(NMET91)
　　A．neither　　 B. both 　　 C. either 　　 D. none
16．She heard a terrible noise，_____brought her heart into her mouth．(MET91)
　　A．it　　 B. which 　　 C. this 　　 D. that
17．We couldn't eat in a restaurant because _____of us had _____money on us．(MET91)
　　A．all; no　　 B. any; no 　　 C. none; any 　　 D. no one; any
18．These plants are watered _____．(NMET91)
　　A．each other day　　B. every other day C. each of two days 　　D. every of two days
19．Alice received an invitation from her boss，_____came as a surprise．(NMET91)
　　A．it　　 B. that 　　 C. which 　　 D. he
20．Does _____matter if he can't finish the job on time
　　A．this　　 B. that 　　 C. he 　　 D. it
21．Mr．Zhang gave the textbooks to all the pupils except _____who had already taken them．(MET92)
　　A．the ones　　 B. ones 　　 C. some 　　 D. the others
22．There're so many kinds of tape-recorders on sale that I can't make up my mind _____to buy． (MET92)
　　A．what　　 B. which 　　 C. how 　　 D. where
23．Although he's wealthy，he spends _____ on clothes．(NME792)
　　 A．little　　 B. few 　　 C. a little 　　 D. a few
24．In the dark street，there wasn't a single person _____ she could turn for help．(MET92)
　　 A．that　　 B. who 　　 C. from whom 　 D. to whom
25．_____he said at the meeting astonished everybody present．(MET93)
　　 A．What　　 B. That 　　 C. The fact 　　 D. The matter
26．---Would you like some wine ---Yes，just _____．(MET93)
　　 A．little 　　 B．very little 　　C．a little 　　 D．little bit
27．Tom's mother kept telling him that he should work harder，but _____didn't help．(MET93)
　　 A．he 　　 B．which 　　 C．she 　　 D．it
28．---Is _____here 　　 ---No，Bob and Tim have asked for leave．(MET93)
　　 A．anybody 　 B．somebody 　 C．everybody 　 D．nobody
29．---Is your camera like Bill's and Ann's ---No，but it's almost the same as _____．(NMET94)
　　 A．her 　　 B．yours 　　 C．them 　　 D．their
30．The weather turned out to be very good， _____was more than we could expect．(NMET94)
　　 A．what 　　 B．which 　　 C．that 　　 D．it
31．_____is a fact that English is being accepted as an international language．(NMET95)
　　 A．There 　　 B．This 　　 C．That 　　 D．It
32．They were very tired，but _____of them would stop to take a rest．(NMET95)
　　 A．any 　　 B．some 　　 C．none 　　 D．neither
33．I hope there are enough glasses for each guest to have _____．(NMET95)
　　 A．it 　　 B．those 　　 C．them 　　 D．one
34．---When shall we meet again --Make it _____day you like; it's all the same to me．(NMET96)
　　 A．one 　　 B．any 　　 C．another 　　 D．some
35．Tom felt that he knew everybody's business better than they knew it _____．(NMET96 )
　　 A．themselves B．oneself 　　 C．itself 　　 D．himself
36．I agree with most of what you said，but I don't agree with _____．(NMET97)
　　 A．everything B．anything C．something 　 D．nothing
37．Sarah has read lots of stories by American writers，Now she would like to read_____stories by writers from _____ countries．(NMET97)
　　 A．some; any B．other; some C．some; other 　 D．other; other
38．It was about 600 years ago _____ the first clock with a face and an hour hand was made．(NMET97)
　　 A．that 　　 B．until 　　 C．before 　　 D．when
39．I hate _____when people talk with their mouths full．(NMET98)
　　 A．it 　　 B．that 　　 C．these 　　 D．them
40．Dr．Black comes from either Oxford or Cambridge．I can't remember _____．(NMET98)
　　 A．where 　　 B．there 　　 C．which 　　 D．hat
41．Why do you want a new job _____you've got such a good one already (NMET98)
　　 A．that 　　 B．where 　　 C．which 　　 D．when
42．It was only when I reread his poems recently _____I began to appreciate their beauty．(NMET98)
　　 A．until 　　 B．that 　　 C．then 　　 D．so
43．Few pleasures can equal _____of a cool drink on a hot day．(NMET99)
　　 A．some 　　 B．any 　　 C．that 　　 D．those
44． If you want to change for a double--room you'll have to pay _____$15．(NMET2000 )
　　 A．another 　 B．other 　　 C．more 　　 D．each
45．---Why don't we take a little break ---Didn't we just have _____ (NMET2000)
　　 A．it 　　 B．that 　　 C．one 　　 D．this
46．It is the ability to do the job _____matters not where you come from or what you are．(NMET2000 )
　　 A．one 　　 B．that 　　 C．what 　　 D．it
47．If this dictionary is not yours，_____can it be (NMET2001)
　　 A．what else B．who else 　 C．which else's D．who else's
48．Many people have helped with canned food，however，the food bank needs _____for the poor．(2001春招)
　　 A．more 　　 B．much 　　 C．many 　　 D．most
49．The Parkers bought a new house but _____will need a lot of work before they can move in．(NMET2001)
　　 A．they 　　 B．it C．one 　　 D． which
50．---He was nearly drowned once.（2002春招）
　　 ---When was _____
　　 ---_____was in 1998 when he was in middle school.
　　 A. that; it　　 B. this; this　　 C. this; it　　 D. that; this
Key:一、强化训练：
1. D 2. A 3. D 4. C 5. D 6. D 7. D 8. A 9. B 10. A 11. D 12. D 13. C 14. D 15. B 16. A 17. C 18. C 19. B 20. C21. B 22. C 23. B 24. D 25. A 26. B 27. A 28. C 29. A 30. D　31. A 32. A 33. B 34. B 35. D 36. A
高考题选：
ADCDC ACCBA DDDBA BCBCD ABADA CDCBB DCDBA ACAAC DBCAC BDABA
五．形容词和副词
I. 形容词：
1. 形容词的位置：
1) 形容词作定语通常前置，但在下列情况后置：
1 修饰some, any, every, no和body, thing, one等构成的复合不定代词时 nobody absent, everything possible
2 以-able, -ible结尾的形容词可置于有最高级或only修饰的名词之后 the best book available, the only solution possible
3 alive, alike, awake, aware, asleep等可以后置 the only person awake
4 和空间、时间、单位连用时 a bridge 50 meters long
5 成对的形容词可以后置 a huge room simple and beautiful
6 形容词短语一般后置 a man difficult to get on with
2) 多个形容词修饰同一个名词的顺序：
代词 数词 性状形容词
冠词前的形容词 冠词指示代词不定代词代词所有格 序数词 基数词 性质状态 大小长短形状 新旧温度 颜色 国籍产地 材料质地 名词
allbothsuch theathisanotheryour secondnext onefour beautifulgoodpoor largeshortsquare newcool blackyellow ChineseLondon silkstone
3) 复合形容词的构成：
1 形容词+名词+ed kind-hearted 6 名词+形容词 world-famous
2 形容词+形容词 dark-blue 7 名词+现在分词 peace-loving
3 形容词+现在分词 ordinary-looking 8 名词+过去分词 snow-covered
4 副词+现在分词 hard-working 9 数词+名词+ed three-egged
5 副词+过去分词 newly-built 10 数词+名词 twenty-year
II. 副词
副词的分类：
1 时间副词 soon, now, early, finally, once, recently 5 频度副词 always, often, frequently, seldom, never
2 地点副词 here, nearby, outside, upwards, above 6 疑问副词 how, where, when, why
3 方式副词 hard, well, fast, slowly, excitedly, really 7 连接副词 how, when, where, why, whether, however, meanwhile
4 程度副词 almost, nearly, very, fairly, quite, rather 8 关系副词 when, where, why
III. 形容词和副词比较等级：
形容词和副词的比较等级分为原级，比较级和最高级。比较级和最高级的构成一般是在形容词和副词后加-er和-est，多音节和一些双音节词前加more 和most。
1. 同级比较时常常用 as…as…以及not so(as)…as…如：I am not so good a player as you are.
2. 可以修饰比较级的词有：much, many, a lot, even, far, a bit, a little, still, yet, by far, any, a great deal。
3. 表示一方随另一方变化时用“the more…the more…”句型。如：The harder you work, the more progress you will make.
4. 用比较级来表达最高级的意思。如：I have never spent a more worrying day.
5. 表示倍数的比较级有如下几种句型：
Our school is three times larger than yours./Our school is four times as large as yours./Our school is four times the size of yours.
6. 表示“最高程度“的形容词没有最高级和比较级。如：favourite, excellent, extreme, perfect。
位置与功能
高考重点要求
　　1．掌握形容词、副词比较级、最高级的常用句型及用法
　　2．掌握形容词、副词的原级、比较级和最高级修饰语及倍数的比较表达。
　　3．注意多外形容词修饰同一名词的前后顺序。
　　4．分清常用同义与近义形容词在表达中的语义差别。
　　此项语法内容从1991年到达2001年间共出现45次（包括上海题），可见其重要。
　　形容词作用与位置
　　1．定语。
　　在名词前做定语，为最常见用法。请注意多个形容词（含其它起形容词作用的词）做前置定语的顺序。
　　"县官行令杀国才。"这一句就概述了形容词顺序问题。即：
　　限（冠词[物主代词、指示代词]数词等）观 （描绘） 形（大小、形状等） 龄 （年龄、新旧等）色（色彩）国（国籍、出处等）材（材料、功用等）
　　an interesting English film a heavy black Chinese silk umbrella
　　做后置定语。修饰由不定代词no ,any, some ，every和one,thing等构成的复合词或形容词短语。
　　2．表语。一定要注意系动词的出现情况。这是一个高考热点问题。
　　常见系动词有：be
　　变化系词： become, get ,turn, grow, go
　　保持系词： keep ,remain, stay
　　感观系词： look, smell , taste, feel, sound,appear , seem ,prove etc.
　　3.形容词作状语，表状况、原因、结果等。这也是应注意的一点。
　　He went to bed , cold and hungry.
　　 4.做宾补。
　　N：①某些以a 开始的形容词只做表语，不做定语。
　　afraid, alike, alone, asleep ,awake，alive
　　②某些表身体健康状况的形容词只能做表语,不做定语
　　well, ill faint
　　③某些以-ly 结尾的词是形容词而不是副词。
　　friendly, lively, lovely, lonely, likely, deadly, orderly 等。
　　④复合形容词的形式问题。
　　an 800-meter-wide river an English-speaking country a middle-aged man
　　
副词位置
　　1）时间副词和地点副词一般放于句尾。如同时出现，则地点副词在前。
　　They went boating in Zhongshan Park yesterday.
　　2)表频率的时间副词是高考的热点
　　always, seldom, often, never, rarely, usually 等，通常放于行为动词之前，be词、情态动词和助动词之 后。
　　He is always telling lies,so I will never believe him.
　　3)程度副词一般放在被修饰词之前（但 enough除外）
　　He is very young ,so he is not old enough to go to school.
　　N:有些副词有两种形式，一个与形容词同形，一个以ly 结尾，但它们的含义是不同的。
　　closely-close nearly-near freely-free deeply-deep highly-high widely-wide 等。
　　以ly 结尾的词表较为抽象的含义，而与形容词同形的副词则表较为具体的概念。
　　He is highly praised for what he has done. (高度地)
　　He can see a bird is flying high in the sky.（飞得高，具有可见性）
专题练习：
1. John has three sisters. Mary is the ___ of the three. (MET88)
　　 A. most cleverest 　　B. more clever 　　C. cleverest 　　D. cleverer
2. The students are___ young people between the age of sixteen and twenty. (MET88)
　　 A. most 　　B. almost 　　C. mostly 　　D. at most
3. She told us ___story that we all forgot about the time. (MET88)
　　 A. such an interesting 　　B. such interesting a
　　 C. so an interesting 　　D. a so interesting
4. It is impossible for so___ workers to do so work in a single day. (MET88)
　　 A. few, much 　　B. few, many 　　C. little, much 　　D. little, many
5. The horse is getting old and can't run ___ it did. (MET88)
　　 A. as faster as 　　B. so fast than 　　C. so fast as 　　D. as fast as
6. The story sounds___ . (MET89)
　　 A. to be true 　　B. as true 　　C. being true 　　D. true
7. I'd been expecting ___ letters the whole morning, but there weren't ___ for me. (MET89)
　　 A. some; any 　　B. many; a few 　　C. some; one 　　D. a few; none
8. This year they have produced ___ grain ___ they did last year. (MET89)
　　 A. as less; as 　　B. as few; as 　　C. less; than 　　D. fewer; than
9. After the new technique was introduced, the factory produced ___ tractors in 1988 as the year before. (MET90)
　　 A. as twice many 　　B. as many twice　 C. twice as many 　　D. twice many as
10. The pianos in the other shop will be , but______ . (MET90)
　　 A. cheaper; not as better 　　B. more cheaper; not as better　 C. cheaper; not as good 　　D. more cheap; not as good
11. ---Can I help you
　　 　---Well, I'm afraid the box is___ heavy for you, but thank you all the same. (MET90)
　　 A. so 　　B. much 　　C. very 　　D. too
12.---Excuse me, is this Mr. Brown's office
　　 　---I'm sorry, but Mr. Brown ___ works here. He left about three weeks ago. (MET90)
　　 A. not now 　　B. no more 　　C. not still 　　D. no longer
13. If we had followed his plan, we could have done the job better with ___ money and ___ people. (MET90)
　　 A. less; less 　　B. fewer; fewer 　　C. less; fewer 　　D. fewer; less
14. Oh, John. ___ you gave me! (MET90)
　　 A. How a pleasant surprise 　　B. How pleasant surprise　　C. What a pleasant surprise 　　D. What pleasant surprise
15. ---How did you find your visit to museum
　　 　---I thoroughly enjoyed it. It was ___ than I expected. (MET91)
　　 A. far more interesting 　　B. even much interesting　　 C. so more interesting 　　D. a lot much interesting
16. Canada is larger than ___ country in Asia. (NMET91)
　　 A. any 　　B. any other 　　C. other 　　D. another
17. Those oranges taste___ . (MET91)
　　 A. good 　　B. well 　　C. to be good 　　D. to be well
18. The experiment was ___ easier than we had expected. (NMET91)
　　 A. more 　　B. much more 　　C. much 　　D. more much
19. ___ food you've cooked! (NMET91 )
　　 A. How a nice 　　B. What a nice　　 C. How nice 　　D. What nice
20. Go and get your coat. It's ___ you left it. (MET92)
　　 A. there 　　B. where 　　C. there where 　　D. where there
21. John was so sleepy that he could hardly keep his eyes___ . (MET92)
　　 A. open 　　B. to be opened 　　C. to open 　　D. opening
22. ---Are you feeling ___
　　　---Yes, I' m fine now. (NMET92)
　　 A. any well 　　B. any better 　　C. quite good 　　D. quite better
23. Which is___ country, Canada or Australia (MET92)
　　 A. a large 　　B. larger 　　C. a larger 　　D. the larger
24. ---Will you give this message to Mr. White, please
　　 　---Sorry, I can't. He ___. (MET92)
　　 A. doesn't any more work here 　　B. doesn't any longer here work
　　 C. doesn't work any more here 　　D. doesn't work here any longer
25. How can you finish the drawing (MET92)
　　 A. often 　　B. soon 　　C. long 　　D. rapid
26. ___ terrible weather we've been having these days! (MET92)
　　 A. How a 　　B. What a