必修第二册Unit 4词汇默写
Ⅰ. 核心单词
1. ____________ n. 个人 adj. 单独的; 个别的
2. ____________ n. (公司或机构的)首领; 酋长
adj 最重要的; 最高级别的
3. ____________ n. 诗人
4. ____________ adj. 军事的; 军用的
5. ____________ n. 战斗, 战役; 搏斗
vi. &vt. 搏斗; 奋斗
6. ____________ n. 金额; 数量
7. ____________ vt. 保证; 确保; 担保
8. ____________ n. (陆上, 尤指乡村的)风景
9. ____________ n. 大海; 海洋
10. ____________ n. 风俗; 习俗
Ⅱ. 拓展单词
1. defend v. 保护; 保卫→____________ n. 防御; 保卫→____________ adj. 防御性的
2. surround vt. 围绕; 包围→____________ adj. 周围的; 附近的→____________ n. (pl. )周围的事物; 环境
3. evident adj. 明显的→____________ n. 证据; 证明
4. achieve vt. 取得; 完成; 达到→____________ n. 成就; 成绩; 达到
5. locate v. 找出……的位置, 把……设置在→____________ adj. 位于; 坐落在→____________ n. 地方; 地点; 位置
6. crowd n. 人群; 一群人; 民众 vt. 挤满; 使……拥挤→ ____________ adj. 拥挤的; 挤满的
7. announce vt. 宣布; 通知; 声称→____________ n. 宣告; 通告; 公告→____________ n. 广播员
8. generous adj. 慷慨的; 大方的; 丰富的→ ____________ n. 慷慨; 大方→ ____________ adv. 慷慨地; 大方地
9. greet vt. 问候; 迎接→____________ n. 问候; 招呼
10. eager adj. 热切地; 渴望的→____________ adv. 急切地; 渴望地
III.核心短语
1. ____________ 脱离; 背叛; 逃脱
2. ____________ 属于
3. ____________ 同(一样也); 和; 还
4. ____________ 把……和……连接或联结起来
5. ____________ 留心; 注意; 警觉
6. ____________ 导致
7. ____________ 追溯到
8. ____________ 认为……是……
9. ____________ 对……有影响
10. ____________ 组成; 编造; 弥补
IV.经典句式
1. 句型公式: . . . as well as. . .
They use the same flag, known as the Union Jack, ____________ (并且)share the same currency and military defence.
2. 句型公式: if条件状语从句的省略形式
So what is the difference between them, ____________(如果有的话)
参考答案
Ⅰ. 1. individual n. 个人 adj. 单独的; 个别的
2. chief n. (公司或机构的)首领; 酋长
adj 最重要的; 最高级别的
3. poet n. 诗人
4. military adj. 军事的; 军用的
5. battle n. 战斗, 战役; 搏斗
vi. &vt. 搏斗; 奋斗
6. amount n. 金额; 数量
7. ensure vt. 保证; 确保; 担保
8. landscape n. (陆上, 尤指乡村的)风景
9. ocean n. 大海; 海洋
10. custom n. 风俗; 习俗
Ⅱ. 1. defend v. 保护; 保卫→defence n. 防御; 保卫→defensive adj. 防御性的
2. surround vt. 围绕; 包围→surrounding adj. 周围的; 附近的→surroundings n. (pl. )周围的事物; 环境
3. evident adj. 明显的→evidence n. 证据; 证明
4. achieve vt. 取得; 完成; 达到→achievement n. 成就; 成绩; 达到
5. locate v. 找出……的位置, 把……设置在→located adj. 位于; 坐落在→location n. 地方; 地点; 位置
6. crowd n. 人群; 一群人; 民众 vt. 挤满; 使……拥挤→ crowded adj. 拥挤的; 挤满的
7. announce vt. 宣布; 通知; 声称→announcement n. 宣告; 通告; 公告→announcer n. 广播员
8. generous adj. 慷慨的; 大方的; 丰富的→ generosity n. 慷慨; 大方→ generously adv. 慷慨地; 大方地
9. greet vt. 问候; 迎接→greeting n. 问候; 招呼
10. eager adj. 热切地; 渴望的→eagerly adv. 急切地; 渴望地
III.1. break away ( from sb. /sth. ) 脱离; 背叛; 逃脱
2. belong to 属于
3. as well as 同(一样也); 和; 还
4. join. . . to. . . 把……和……连接或联结起来
5. keep one’s eyes open (for) 留心; 注意; 警觉
6. result in 导致
7. date back to 追溯到
8. refer to. . . as. . . 认为……是……
9. have an influence on 对……有影响
10. make up 组成; 编造; 弥补
IV.1. 句型公式: . . . as well as. . .
They use the same flag, known as the Union Jack, as well as (并且)share the same currency and military defence.
2. 句型公式: if条件状语从句的省略形式
So what is the difference between them, if any(如果有的话) 必修第二册Unit 4基础练习
Ⅰ. 单词拼写
1. I feel greatly honored to be here to tell you something about Chinese ____________(习俗) in the Spring Festival.
2. To ____________ (保证) that I can concentrate on my study, my father does whatever he can do for me.
3. As to your advertised ____________ (职位) , it ’s my pleasure to say that I am the just person you are searching for.
4. The town walls were built as a ____________(防御) against the enemy.
5. They often stay up late into the night, eating ____________(零食), which is bad for their health.
6. Our school is in a central ____________(位置) within easy reach of the bus station.
7. When the waste is thrown into rivers and ____________(海洋), pollution happens.
8. We can acquire wisdom from our ____________(祖先), which we can apply to our daily life.
9. He once worked as a ____________(主要的) editor in a newspaper office.
10. I want to speak to each member of the group ____________(单独地).
Ⅱ. 单句语法填空
1. With the college entrance examination ____________(approach), some students are getting more and more nervous.
2. Mike is eager ____________(stay) away from the busy city life for a while.
3. My head teacher as well as teachers of other subjects ____________ (be)patient with us.
4. I wonder how much you will charge me ____________ the six-week course.
5. ____________(surround) by high walls and wide moats, the Forbidden City covers a large area.
6. Despite many years ’ learning of English, I still feel ____________(puzzle) in some aspects.
7. It ____________(announce) that only when the fire was under control would the residents be permitted to return to their homes.
8. Seeing the lines of trees, we all had a sense of ____________(achieve).
9. There ____________(be) large amounts of homework and a great many examinations for us students every day.
10. I have enough evidence ____________ hard work pays off.
Ⅲ. 完成句子
1. While you are checking the animals, ____________________ for any signs of disease.
当你检查这些动物的时候, 要留意任何疾病的迹象。
2. The doctor ____________________ told me that my father was recovering from his illness day by day.
负责的医生告诉我, 我爸爸正一天天地恢复。
3. Only then did I realize that it was foolish of me to ____________________ all of my friends.
只有那个时候我才意识到脱离我的朋友是多么的愚蠢。
4. China is rich in culture ____________________ natural resources.
中国有丰富的文化和自然资源。
5. The island ____________________ that country, which ____________________ the mainland by a bridge.
这座岛属于那个国家, 它通过一座桥与大陆连接在一起。
6. ____________________you should do some sports every day.
你应该每天做些运动, 这很重要。
7. I would like to ____________________ at the weekend.
我想在周末(找人)打扫一下房间。
Ⅳ. 用过去分词完成下列句子
1. The mountain village ___________(surround)by beautiful natural landscape looks amazing.
2. The scientist attended the meeting ___________(hold) in the Great Hall of the People.
3. Tsinghua University, ___________(found) in 1911, is home to a great number of outstanding figures.
4. With all the tasks ___________(finish) ahead of time, he decided to set out on his travel.
5. Michael put up a picture of Yao Ming beside the bed to keep himself ___________(remind ) of his own dreams.
6. Claire had her luggage ___________(check) an hour before her plane left.
7. So far, about 40 houses have fallen down under the weight of the snow, with 22 people ___________(injure).
8. (2021·八省联考模拟)Only you can fully realize which aspects of a college will make you truly happy and ___________ (satisfy), so keep that at the front of your mind.
9. The ___________(surprise) expression on his face suggested that he knew nothing about the matter.
10. You ’d better have your body ___________(examine) if you are free.
Ⅴ. 阅读理解
A
Arriving at London Gatwick
Distance from Central London: 28 miles/45km
For travel information call: +44(0)870 000 24 68
How to get to the city centre
By train
The Gatwick Express goes from Gatwick Airport to London Victoria train and underground station in Central London.
Trains go every 15 minutes and the journey to Central London takes half an hour.
First Class tickets cost ￡25(single), ￡48(return).
Express Class costs ￡17(single), ￡29(return).
Southern Trains services run four times an hour to Victoria with a journey time of around 35 minutes.
By taxi
There are taxis outside the airport day and night. The journey to Central London takes 55-70 minutes. A London taxi takes up to 5 people.
The average cost from the airport to Central London is ￡75- ￡100.
By car
Gatwick Airport is 28 miles(45 km) south of London. There are 4 car parks next to the airport and there are car rental offices open from 8: 00 to 18: 00. The journey to London takes 60-75 minutes.
All cars pay a special ￡8 charge to go into Central London.
By bus
National Express and EasyBus have services to Central London. EasyBus services go every 20 minutes. The journey takes one hour and costs ￡2.
There is one National Express bus an hour. The journey takes 90 minutes and costs ￡7. 60.
1. Which of the following is the slowest
A. Taking a taxi. B. Taking a train.
C. Taking a bus. D. Driving a car.
2. Which of the following is NOT true
A. People can take taxis at any time.
B. People can rent cars at any time.
C. EasyBus goes three times an hour.
D. Drivers can find places to park their cars near the airport.
3. If a person has ￡25, he can buy the following EXCEPT .
A. a single ticket of First Class
B. a ticket of National Express
C. a ticket of EasyBus
D. a return ticket of Express Class
B
I don ’t think I can recall a time when I wasn ’t aware of the beauty of the ocean. Growing up in Australia, I had the good fortune of having the sea at my side. The first time I went to Halfmoon Bay, I suddenly had the feeling of not being able to feel the ground with my feet anymore.
For my 10th birthday, my sister and I were taken out to the Great Barrier Reef (大堡礁). There were fish in different colors, caves and layers of coral (珊瑚). They made such an impression on me. When I learned that only 1 percent of Australia ’s Coral Sea was protected, I was shocked. Australian marine (海洋的) life is particularly important because the reefs have more marine species than any other country on earth. But sadly, only 45% of the world ’s reefs are considered healthy. If we continued dealing with the ocean as we are doing, there would certainly be more and more marine disasters happening before our eyes, causing not only deaths of large quantities of marine life but also damage to health of the earth, our only home.
The situation of ocean protection against disasters is serious, so it ’s important for us to do everything to protect them. The hope that the Coral Sea remains a complete eco-system (生态系统) has led me to take action. I ’ve become involved with the Protect Our Coral Sea activity, which aims to create the largest marine park in the world. It would serve as a place where the ocean ’s species will all have a safe place forever.
Together, Angus and I created a little video and we hope it will inspire people to be a part of the movement. Angus also shares many beautiful childhood memories of the ocean as a young boy, who grew up sailing, admiring the beauty of the ocean, and trying to find the secrets of ocean species.
4. From the underlined sentence in Paragraph 1, we can learn the author________.
A. seldom went surfing at the sea
B. forgot his experiences about the ocean
C. never went back to his hometown
D. had a wonderful impression of Halfmoon Bay
5. According to the second paragraph, Australian marine life________.
A. is escaping from the Coral Sea gradually
B. depends on reefs for living greatly
C. may be faced with danger
D. is protected better than that in other oceans
6. The Protect Our Coral Sea activity is intended to________.
A. contribute to a complete eco-system
B. prevent more marine species from being endangered
C. set up a large nature reserve for reefs
D. raise more teenagers ’ environmental awareness
7. Angus and the author created a little video to________.
A. encourage more people to take action to protect the marine species
B. inspire more people to explore the secret of the ocean
C. share their childhood experiences about the ocean
D. bring back to people their memory of ocean species
Ⅵ.七选五
Thanks to world-famous Colombian writer Garcia Marquez, many people think of Latin America as a land of magic. In his books, impossible things happen.
1 It may come from the mix of different cultures and ethnicities in Latin America. Although some of these differences have caused conflicts, they have also been a source of beauty, as well as encouraged people in Latin America to be more open-minded.
Latin America includes more than 30 countries and areas located south of the United States in the American continent. From north to south, it starts from Mexico in North America, goes through the Caribbean and ends at the southernmost tip of South America.
2 People can enjoy sunshine in the Caribbean islands, ride horses on the green grasslands of the Pampas, and explore volcanoes and snow-capped mountains in the Andes. It even has the world ’s biggest rainforest—the Amazon. Many of the world ’s most unique plants and animals live there.
There is also diverse mix of people in Latin America. 3 In countries like Mexico and Columbia, over half of the population is of mixed ethnicity. However, most of them speak the same languages—Spanish or Portuguese.
4 Latin American people have created the samba, rumba, cha cha and tango. These dance styles require dancers to hold each other closely and move passionately. 5
Latin America is an open and romantic place. Its impressive natural environment, historical contributions and cultural traditions have made it unique and influential.
A. It has natives, Africans and Europeans.
B. Latin America ’s environment is quite diverse.
C. Where does the magic in his books come from
D. They are cheerful and can bring strangers together.
E. Many people in Latin America have open and romantic hearts.
F. The music and dance of Latin America are quite well-known.
G. To most people, Latin America is a land of happiness and passion.
Ⅶ. 语法填空
The United Kingdom consists of four countries: England, Wales, Scotland and Northern Ireland. Wales was linked 1.________ England in the 13th century. In the 17th century England and Wales were joined to Scotland, 2.________ (form) Great Britain.
They were united in 3.________ peaceful way. The southern part of Ireland was unwilling to join the English government and broke away to found its own government.
England is the 4.________ (large) of the four countries and for convenience it is divided 5.________ (rough) into three zones: the South of England, the Midlands and the North. Most of the population lives in the south, but most of the industrial cities 6.________ (locate) in the Midlands and the North. It is a pity that the industrial cities which were constructed in the nineteenth century do not attract 7.________ (visit).
London is the capital city with great historical treasures, 8.________ is the centre of national government and its administration. It has the oldest port, building and castle 9.________ (build) by the invaders. Without the historical evidence, we 10._______ (will) not be able to learn more about the history and culture of the UK.
参考答案
Ⅰ. 1. I feel greatly honored to be here to tell you something about Chinese customs(习俗) in the Spring Festival.
2. To ensure (保证) that I can concentrate on my study, my father does whatever he can do for me.
3. As to your advertised position (职位) , it ’s my pleasure to say that I am the just person you are searching for.
4. The town walls were built as a defence(防御) against the enemy.
5. They often stay up late into the night, eating snacks(零食), which is bad for their health.
6. Our school is in a central location(位置) within easy reach of the bus station.
7. When the waste is thrown into rivers and oceans(海洋), pollution happens.
8. We can acquire wisdom from our ancestors(祖先), which we can apply to our daily life.
9. He once worked as a chief(主要的) editor in a newspaper office.
10. I want to speak to each member of the group individually(单独地).
Ⅱ. 1. With the college entrance examination approaching (approach), some students are getting more and more nervous.
2. Mike is eager to stay(stay) away from the busy city life for a while.
3. My head teacher as well as teachers of other subjects is/was (be)patient with us.
4. I wonder how much you will charge me for the six-week course.
5. Surrounded(surround) by high walls and wide moats, the Forbidden City covers a large area.
6. Despite many years ’ learning of English, I still feel puzzled(puzzle) in some aspects.
7. It is announced(announce) that only when the fire was under control would the residents be permitted to return to their homes.
8. Seeing the lines of trees, we all had a sense of achievement(achieve).
9. There are(be) large amounts of homework and a great many examinations for us students every day.
10. I have enough evidence that hard work pays off.
Ⅲ. 1. While you are checking the animals, keep your eyes open for any signs of disease.
2. The doctor in charge told me that my father was recovering from his illness day by day.
3. Only then did I realize that it was foolish of me to break away from all of my friends.
4. China is rich in culture as well as natural resources.
5. The island belongs to that country, which is joined to the mainland by a bridge.
6. It is important that you should do some sports every day.
7. I would like to have my room cleaned at the weekend.
Ⅳ. 1. The mountain village surrounded(surround)by beautiful natural landscape looks amazing.
2. The scientist attended the meeting held(hold) in the Great Hall of the People.
3. Tsinghua University, founded(found) in 1911, is home to a great number of outstanding figures.
4. With all the tasks finished(finish) ahead of time, he decided to set out on his travel.
5. Michael put up a picture of Yao Ming beside the bed to keep himself reminded(remind ) of his own dreams.
6. Claire had her luggage checked(check) an hour before her plane left.
7. So far, about 40 houses have fallen down under the weight of the snow, with 22 people injured(injure).
8. (2021·八省联考模拟)Only you can fully realize which aspects of a college will make you truly happy and satisfied (satisfy), so keep that at the front of your mind.
9. The surprised(surprise) expression on his face suggested that he knew nothing about the matter.
10. You ’d better have your body examined(examine) if you are free.
Ⅴ.
A
【文章大意】本文是一篇应用文。文章为来伦敦旅游的人介绍了从Gatwick机场到伦敦市中心的几种交通方式, 介绍了每种交通方式的票价、耗费时间等信息。
1.【解析】选C。细节理解题。根据By bus部分中“The journey takes 90 minutes and costs ￡7. 60. (全程90分钟, 费用为7. 60英镑)”由此可知, 坐公交车是最慢的。故选C。
2. 【解析】选B。细节理解题。根据By car部分中“there are car rental offices open from 8: 00 to 18: 00. ”可知机场旁边有租车处, 营业时间为8: 00到18: 00。由此可知, B选项“人们可以随时租车”不正确。故选B。
3. 【解析】选D。细节理解题。根据By train部分中“Express Class costs ￡17(single), ￡29(return). ”可知特快车单程票价17英镑, 往返票价29英镑。由此可知, 如果一个人有25英镑, 他买不到一张特快车的往返票。故选D。
B
【文章大意】本文是一篇记叙文。文章向我们介绍了澳大利亚的海洋生物面临的危机以及作者为此所做的一些努力。
4. 【解析】选D。推理判断题。根据第一段第一、二句可知, 作者认为大海很美, 自己很幸运能经常看到海, 故画线句应是对半月湾的赞美。故选D。
5. 【解析】选C。推理判断题。根据第二段最后两句可推知, 澳大利亚的海洋生物可能面临危险。故选C。
6.【解析】选B。推理判断题。根据第三段最后两句可推知, 这项活动的目的是创造一个为海洋生物提供永久安全的地方, 阻止更多的海洋物种灭绝。故选B。
7. 【解析】选A。细节理解题。根据最后一段第一句可知, 拍摄小视频是为了鼓励人们去采取行动保护海洋生物。故选A。
Ⅵ.【文章大意】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍拉丁美洲的有关事宜, 如拉丁美洲多样化的环境、各种各样的人种、拉丁美洲的音乐和舞蹈等。
1. 【解析】选C。根据空后一句可知, 它可能来自拉丁美洲不同文化和种族的混合。由此可推知, 本句是在提问他书中的魔法是从哪里来的。C选项“他书中的魔法是从哪里来的 ”符合上下文语境, 故选C。
2. 【解析】选B。根据空后一句可知, 人们可以在加勒比群岛享受阳光, 在潘帕斯草原上骑马, 在安第斯山脉探索火山和积雪覆盖的山脉。由此可知拉丁美洲的地理环境是非常多样化的。B选项“拉丁美洲的环境非常多样化”符合上下文语境, 故选B。
3. 【解析】选A。结合上一句可知, 拉丁美洲也有各种各样的人。由此可推知, 本句应当承接上文列举拉丁美洲有哪些人种。A选项“有当地人, 非洲人和欧洲人”符合上下文语境, 故选A。
4. 【解析】选F。根据后两句可知, 拉丁美洲人创造了桑巴、伦巴、恰恰和探戈。这些舞蹈风格要求舞者紧紧地抱在一起, 并充满激情地舞动。由此可知, 本句是在说明拉丁美洲的音乐和舞蹈非常有名。后文中dance可对应到F选项中的 dance。F选项“拉丁美洲的音乐和舞蹈非常有名”符合上下文语境, 故选F。
5. 【解析】选D。结合空前一句可知, 这种舞蹈风格要求舞者紧紧地抱在一起, 并充满激情地舞动。由此可知, 拉丁美洲的舞蹈都非常欢快, 能将人们聚在一起, 充满激情地舞动。D选项“它们非常欢快, 能把陌生人拉到一起”符合上下文语境, 故选D。
Ⅶ. 【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了英国的四大部分, 英格兰, 苏格兰, 威尔士和北爱尔兰, 以及英国的首都——伦敦。
1. 【解析】to。考查介词。句意: 在十三世纪, 威尔士与英格兰连接在一起。此处考查短语be linked to与……连接在一起。故填to。
2. 【解析】forming。考查现在分词作状语。此处为结果状语, 英格兰和威尔士与苏格兰结合的结果是形成了英国, 并且这是一个自然的结果。故填forming。
3. 【解析】a。考查固定用法。句意: 它们以和平的方式联合在一起。in a . . . way以一种……方式。
4. 【解析】largest。考查最高级。英格兰是这四个组成部分中最大的一个。根据句意可知此处应用最高级。故填largest。
5. 【解析】roughly。考查副词。此处为副词修饰动词be divided, roughly大体地, 粗略地。故填roughly。
6. 【解析】are located。考查被动语态。句意: 大部分的工业城市坐落于中部地带和北方地区。此处考查短语be located in坐落于, 位于。故填are located。
7. 【解析】visitors。考查名词复数。visitor为可数名词, 结合语境可知此处应用名词复数。故填visitors。
8. 【解析】which。考查定语从句。此处为非限制性定语从句修饰先行词London, 且从句中缺主语, 故应用关系代词which。故填which。
9. 【解析】built。考查过去分词作定语。分析句子结构可知,________by the invaders作定语, 且castle与build构成动宾关系, 故用过去分词作定语。故填built。
10. 【解析】would。考查虚拟语气。此处考查含蓄虚拟条件句对现在或将来的虚拟, 其结构为: without/but for+名词, sb. /sth. would do sth. 。故填would。(共54张PPT)
人教版2019必修第二册
Unit 4
单元重难知识点复习
Ⅰ. 重点词汇
1. surround vt. 环绕; 围绕
【典型例句】
(2020·浙江高考)The hungry bear followed his nose to our camp, which was surrounded by a high wire fence.
这只饥饿的熊顺着鼻子来到我们的营地, 那里被高高的铁丝栅栏围着。
【词块必记】
(1)surround. . . with/by. . . ……包围……
be surrounded by/ with. . . 被……包围
(2) surrounding adj. 周围的
surrounded adj. 被包围的
(3) surroundings n. 环境
【知识微练】 单句语法填空
①(2019·江苏高考)Steve arrived and sat in the front row, ___________ (surround)
by his family.
② He looked more relaxed, as if some of the harmony from his ____________
(surround) had flowed into him.
surrounded
surroundings
句式升级
③He found that his daughter was surrounded by letters and books and she was
looking very worried. (分词作宾语补足语)
→He found his daughter ___________ by letters and books, looking very worried.
surrounded
2. charge n. 费用; 主管; 指控 vt. & vi. 收费; 控告; 充电
【典型例句】
Do you think museums should charge for admission
你认为博物馆应该收入场费吗
【词块必记】
(1)in charge 主管; 看管
in charge of 掌握; 负责
in the charge of. . . 在某人掌管之下
take charge of 掌管; 负责; 控制
(2)free of charge 免费
(3)charge sb. for sth. 因……向某人收费
charge sb. with sth. 控告某人某事
【知识微练】 单句语法填空
①The computer company can’t be in the charge __ him because it is beyond
his ability.
②As long as you’ve paid in advance, we won’t charge you ___ delivery.
of
for
句式升级
③Volunteers offer help to the Olympic Games. For example, they will take charge
of the accommodation of all the athletes.
→Volunteers offer help to the Olympic Games, for example, __________________
_____________________________. (动名词短语)
taking charge of the
accommodation of all the athletes
3. evidence n. 证据; 根据; 证明
【典型例句】
We will not be panicked into making a decision before we have considered all the evidence.
在我们考虑所有的证据之前我们不会匆匆地做决定。
【词块必记】
(1)There is evidence that. . . 有证据……
(2)evident adj. 清楚的, 显然的
It is evident that. . . = It is clear/obvious that. . . 显然……
(3)evidently adv. 明显地, 显然地
【知识微练】 单句语法填空
①There is growing evidence ____ people whose diets are rich in vitamins are less
likely to develop some types of cancers.
②At present we have no evidence __ complex life on other planets.
③It is _______ that they have found no ________ directly connecting him with
the victims. Quite ________, no one can put him into prison in such a case.
(evidence)
that
of
evident
evidence
evidently
4. defence n. 防御; 保护; 保卫; 辩护
【典型例句】
The monument is in memory of the soldiers who died in defence of their country.
这座纪念碑是为了纪念那些为保卫国家而牺牲的士兵们。
【词块必记】
(1)in defence 保卫, 防守
in defence of. . . 为了保卫……
in sb. ‘s defence 为某人辩护
(2)defend v. 防御, 保护; 辩解, 辩白
defend sb. /sth. from /against. . . 保卫……免于……
(3)defensive adj 防御的, 保护的, 保卫的
defenceless adj. 不能自卫的, 无防御的
【知识微练】 单句语法填空
①We shouldn’t forget the soldiers who died in defence __ our country.
②In time of war, lots of money will be spent on _______ and many measures will
be taken ________a country from being attacked. (defend)
完成句子
③When the door was opened suddenly, the boy covered his head with his hands
_____________(似乎是为了防卫).
of
defence
to defend
as if in defence
【典型例句】
All the people, men and women, young and old, were fighting against the flood in defence of their own homes.
所有的人, 无论男女老少, 都在与洪水作斗争, 保卫他们自己的家园。
Ⅱ. 核心短语
5. break away from脱离; 挣脱
【教材原句】
Finally, in the 20th century, the southern part of Ireland broke away from the UK. (P40)
最终, 在20世纪, 爱尔兰南部脱离了英国。
【词块必记】
break up 打碎; 分裂; 驱散; 分手; 结束; 放假
break down 出故障; 失败; 垮掉; 垮下来; 分解
break in 破门而入; 打断(谈话等)
break into 强行闯入; 突然……起来
break out (战争、火灾等)爆发; 发生(无被动语态)
break off 断开; 中断
【知识微练】 单句语法填空
①Under no condition will the Chinese allow Taiwan to break away _____ China.
②The computer system suddenly broke _____ while he was searching for
information on the Internet.
③When World War Ⅰbroke ___, he seemed to have become another man,
downhearted.
④“There is no future between us, so I want to break ___, ”said the girl to her
boyfriend.
from
down
out
up
⑤The thieves broke ____ his house and stole a lot of money.
⑥He broke ___speaking to answer the cellphone.
into
off
Ⅲ. 经典句式
6. They use the same flag , known as the Union Jack, as well as share the same currency and military defence.
像拥有同样的货币和国防一样, 他们也使用同一面国旗, 即英国国旗。
【典型例句】
(2020·新高考全国Ⅰ卷)His judgment and references are decidedly American, as well as his delicate stomach.
他的判断和参考绝对是美国式的, 还有他那娇嫩的胃。
【句型公式】
as well也; 又; 还(常放在句子末尾, 作为副词短语使用)
(1)as well as意为“既……又; 也, 又”, 可连接两个并列成分, 强调其前面的内容, 因此连接并列主语时, 谓语应与前边的主语保持人称和数的一致。(2)as well as也可以是well的同级比较结构, 表示“和……一样好”。(3)may/might as well do sth. =had better do sth. 最好做某事; 做……倒也无妨
【知识微练】 完成句子
①Since you have started the job, you _______________________.
既然你开始了这份工作, 不妨把它做完吧。
②Of course, I’ll do some reading for fun, _______________________.
当然, 我会为了消遣读些书, 也为了获取知识。
might/may as well finish it
and for knowledge as well
【典型例句】
It has really helped me to improve my confidence and social skills as well as my school grades.
它确实已经帮助我既提高了信心和社交技巧又提高了学习成绩。
7. So what is the difference between them, if any
如果确有不同含义, 那他们之间的区别是什么呢
【典型例句】
(2018·全国卷Ⅰ)I’m Li Hua, I’m wondering if you are available at the weekend. If so, let’s have a face to face talk about table manners. 我是李华, 我想知道周末你是否有空。如果有空咱们面谈有关餐桌礼仪的问题。
【句型公式】
在if, when, once, until, unless, while, as if等引导的状语从句中, 如果主从句的主语一致, 或从句的主语是it, 谓语动词中含有be动词时, 有时为了使句子简洁, 可将主语和be动词省略。在被动语态中有时也采用这种省略现象。
【知识微练】 完成句子
①Do you agree that I will put our visit to Yunnan off ____(如果赞同), write
back to tell me about it as soon as possible.
②_________(如果可能的话), try to go to bed and wake up at the same time
every day.
③He is ready to help others, seldom, ______(如果曾经有过的话), refusing
them when they turn to him.
④Is anybody feeling cold _____(如果没有的话), let us open the windows.
If so
If possible
if ever
If not
【知识补充】
1. announce vt. 宣布, 宣告; (尤指通过广播)通知; 声称
【典型例句】
Share library announcements on your social media. Frequent them and talk about them when you can.
在社交媒体上分享图书馆的通告。经常去那里并且尽可能多谈论此话题。
【词块必记】
announce sth. to sb. 向某人宣布某事
It’s announced that. . . 据宣布……
announcement n. 宣布; 通告
make an announcement 发表通告
announcer n. 播音员, 广播员
【知识微练】
完成句子
①I promise I’ll _____________________when I find a new job.
我向你保证, 当我找到新工作时我会告诉你们的。
句式升级
② The authority announced that the new library which is under construction
would be opened to the public next year. (主语从句)
→___________________the new library which is under construction would
be opened to the public next year.
make an announcement
It was announced that
2. approach vt. & vi. (在距离或时间上)靠近, 接近, 着手处理(问题、工作等) n. 方法; 路径, 通道
【典型例句】
(2020·浙江高考)I couldn’t see Don, but as I approached the tractor he jumped out onto the road, apparently unhurt , and dashed back to me.
我没有看到Don, 但当我靠近拖拉机时, Don从车上跳下来, 很显然没有受伤, 然后冲向我。
【词块必记】
an approach to. . . ……的方法; ……的道路
the approach of ……的来临/临近
表示“方式, 方法”的短语
in a(n). . . manner 用……方法
in this way 通过这种方式
by means of. . . 借……手段, 依靠……方法
with this method 通过这种方法
【知识微练】 单句语法填空
①With winter ___________ (approach), many animals are storing food.
②All the approaches __ the airport were blocked by the police.
③At the meeting they discussed three different __________ (approach) to the
study of mathematics.
④We need to try other approaches to _______ (solve) the problem.
approaching
to
approaches
solving
【典型例句】
(2020· 天津高考)You should remain modest when approaching perfection.
当你接近完美时应该保持谦虚。
3. generous adj. 慷慨的, 大方的
【典型例句】
(2020·江苏高考)One self-deprecating comment is a generous and even confident form of humor.
自嘲式的表述是一种大方而又自信的幽默。
【词块必记】
(1)be generous with sth. 在某方面大方
be generous in doing sth. 乐于做某事
It’s generous of sb. to do sth. 某人做某事真是慷慨
(2)generously adv. 慷慨地, 大方地
(3)generosity n. 慷慨, 大方
【知识微练】 单句语法填空
①It was generous __ him to contribute a lot of money to the rural schools.
②He is very ________, and he treats his friends with _________ and
thoughtfulness. (generous)
完成句子
③I’m more than willing to show you around Beijing ________________
____________.
我乐意带你游玩北京以报答你的慷慨相助。
of
generous
generosity
in reward for your
generous help
4. join. . . to. . . 把……和……连接或者联结起来
【典型例句】
(2018·全国卷Ⅲ)Join us to taste a variety of fresh local food and drinks.
和我们一起品尝各种各样新鲜的当地美食和饮料。
【词块必记】
以下几个词或短语都有“参加”的意思, 但用法不同。
(1)join指加入某个组织成为其中一员。
(2)join (sb. ) in指参与某项活动, 口语中常与take part in通用。
(3)take part in指参加群众性活动、会议等并在其中起积极作用。
(4)attend是正式用语, 指参加会议、婚礼、典礼; 听报告、讲座等。一般指成为观众或听众。
【知识微练】 选择适当的词或短语填空
attend, take part in
①I have the honour to make a speech to welcome the respected guests. Thank
you very much for ____________our English activities.
②If I were free yesterday, I would have ________the meeting.
taking part in
attended
完成句子
③Would you like to ________the discussion tomorrow
明天你愿意和我们一起讨论吗
④_________a volunteer manager to develop your own skills while bringing
benefits to the communities.
和我们一起做个志愿经理来提高自己的能力同时给社区带来很多好处。
join us in
Join us as
5. belong to属于; 归属; 为……的一员(无被动语态和进行时态)
【典型例句】
After years of observing human nature, I have decided that two qualities make the difference between men of great achievement and men of average performance: curiosity and discontent. I have never known an outstanding man who lacked either. And I have never known an average man who had both. The two belong together.
经过长年对人性的观察, 我断定成功的人和普通人表现的差异取决于两个品质: 好奇心和不满足。我从来不知道一个成功的人缺少这两种品质中的一个, 也从来不知道一个普通人拥有这两种品质。这两种品质缺一不可。
【词块必记】
(1)belong to表示“属于”, 不能用于进行时态和被动语态。
有类似用法的还包括:
date back to/date from(追溯到), consist of(包括)。
(2)belongings n. 财产; 所有物; 相关事物
【知识微练】 单句语法填空
①(2018·全国卷Ⅲ)Why do we often assume that more is more when it comes
to kids and their __________ (belong)
②(2018·浙江高考)By following the basic rules of respecting others, taking care
of what _______ (belong) to you, and taking pride in the appearance of the
neighborhood in general, you will quickly become a good neighbor that everyone
appreciates.
belongings
belongs
完成句子
③In my opinion, you’d better __________________________.
依我看来, 你最好把书放回应放置的地方。
④We think highly of the view that cultural relics ___________________________
____ individuals. 我们高度评价这个观点, 就是文化遗产属于全人类而不是个
人。
put the book where it belongs
belong to human beings rather
than
【典型例句】
(2019·天津高考)Today I’d like to introduce a book to you which I like very much—The Five Thousand Years History, which belongs to history books. 今天我想向你介绍一本我十分喜欢的书——《五千年的历史》, 它属于历史书籍。
Ⅱ. 话题写作
(2018·浙江11月高考)
阅读下面短文, 根据其内容写一篇60词左右的内容概要。
It’s a really good idea to visit colleges before you apply because their websites can all start to look and sound the same. Nothing will give you the sense of what it will actually be like to live on a college campus(校园) like visiting and seeing for yourself the dorms, classrooms and athletic equipment and, of course, the students. It seems a little crazy once senior year hits to find the time to visit college campuses,
and it can also be pricey if the schools you are applying to happen to be more than a car ride away. But keep in mind that you are making a decision about the next four years of your life, and do all the research you can to make sure you are making the right one.
There’s no excuse not to visit the schools in your local area. In fact, a lot of college applications even ask if you have visited campus, and obviously, if you live across the country that won’t be as much of a possibility, but if you live nearby, go check it out!
If campus visits aren’t going to happen before you apply, at the very least you should find some time between applying and getting your acceptance letters to visit the schools you’d like to attend. It can save you a lot of heartache if you rule out now the things that you don’t like about certain campuses, things that you wouldn’t know unless you actually visit.
Now, if time and money are making it impossible, then check out the online college fairs at College Week Live. It’s a chance to chat online with admissions officers, students, and college counselors(顾问), and it won’t cost you a penny! You can register for its online college fair at . While visiting an online college fair can’t take the place of an actual campus visit, it can be a very useful tool that along with all your other research will help you make an informed decision about which colleges or universities you’d like to attend.
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Step 1 写作技巧
1. 通读全文, 确定体裁, 明确主题
体裁: 议论文
主题: 探访心仪大学
2. 定位主题句和关键词, 变换表达方式
①It’s a really good idea to visit colleges before you apply. (词性转换)
It’s really worthwhile to ___________your desired colleges personally before
applying.
②There’s no excuse not to visit the schools in your local area. (正话反说)
Undoubtedly, you __________________________.
pay a visit to
should visit your local colleges
③If campus visits aren’t going to happen before you apply, at the very least you
should find some time between applying and getting your acceptance letters to
visit the schools you’d like to attend. (同义转换)
_______, you should visit the school you want to attend __________.
④Now, if time and money are making it impossible, then check out the online
college fairs at College Week Live. (句式转换, 动名词作主语)
If you are short of money and time, __________________________is a good
alternative to help you better understand schools.
At least
in advance
visiting the online college fairs
Step 2 妙笔成篇
It’s really worthwhile to pay a visit to your desired colleges personally before applying. Undoubtedly, you should visit your local colleges, which may be included in applications. At least, you should visit the school you want to attend and know its real conditions in advance. If you are short of money and time, visiting the online college fairs is a good alternative to help you better understand schools.必修第二册Unit 4综合检测
第一部分 听力 (共两节, 满分30分)（略）
第二部分 阅读(共两节, 满分50分)
第一节(共15小题; 每小题2. 5分, 满分37. 5分)
阅读下列短文, 从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
About the Irish Experience
The Irish Experience is a program for North American high school students. This program takes place over a four-week period in July. For two weeks the students will live in the beautiful university town of Cork in the South of Ireland. They will attend classes in an informal and relaxed atmosphere.
Traditional Irish music is alive in Cork City and can be heard most nights in some of the pubs in the city centre. There are several theatres in the city. A visit to one of these will be part of our schedule. Cork is also the gateway to the beautiful southwest part of Ireland and we will be taking in all the sights of West Cork and Kerry.
The other two weeks will be spent at University College Dublin, a short bus ride from the centre of Dublin, one of the oldest capital cities in Europe with one of the youngest populations — almost 50% of the city ’s people are under 25 years old. Staying at student apartments on the university campus, students will have the opportunity to meet young people of many different nationalities.
The students will enjoy a true Celtic cultural experience and a sense of Irish history and culture through guided tours to various historical sites in Dublin—The Cliffs of Moher in County Clare and the Neolithic passage tombs in Newgrange, County Meath.
21. What can we learn about the Irish Experience
A. It admits college students.
B. It is hosted by universities.
C. It ’s a summer study abroad program.
D. It aims to advertise universities in Ireland.
22. What will the students do in Cork City
A. They will visit a theatre.
B. They will study at West Cork.
C. They will play live music at a pub.
D. They will spend a whole night at a pub.
23. How is Dublin different from other cities in Europe
A. It is the oldest city in the world.
B. It has a very young population.
C. It attracts people under 25 years old.
D. It has people of different nationalities.
B
The Cool Taxi is a Hackney Carriage that was changed into a freezer on wheels, using dry ice to keep the inside cool for passengers. It has a number of features designed to keep riders cool, including a freezer filled with ice-lollies (冰棍)and a state-of-the-art air conditioning system.
A spokesperson for Andrews Air Conditioning said, “Britain has become a hot country, and the British are feeling the heat. For commuters(通勤者)there is nothing worse on a hot day than getting into a hot taxi, so we wanted to help to avoid this experience with Cool Taxi.
Cool Taxi driver Tony, who has driven a taxi for 11 years, said, “I have done 10 London summers in the taxi and I know you need some good air conditioning. It would be impossible to work without it. You need to keep cool and stay hydrated (含水的), and sometimes in a typical taxi this is difficult to keep. ”
Elizabeth Ann Iliffe, who was paying a visit to London from the South East, said, “It is amazing. It feels just like a scene(场景)from Frozen. It ’s nice to step in just for a few minutes to have a break from the heat and cool off. ”
The Cool Taxi is running for a limited(有限的)time at present time. However, it has proved popular with passengers and could be considered for full-time operation across the summer months in the future.
24. What can we learn from what Tony said
A. He finds it hard to keep the taxi well air-conditioned.
B. He thinks it impossible to provide good air conditioning.
C. He is used to driving taxis in hot summer for a long time.
D. He will try his best to improve the conditions of the taxi.
25. What does the underlined word “It” in Paragraph 4 refer to
A. Having a break.
B. Taking the cool taxi.
C. A scene from Frozen.
D. Her journey in London.
26. What is the text mainly about
A. The popularity of London ’s taxis.
B. The future of taxi industry in London.
C. London ’s Cool Taxi filled with dry ice.
D. The management of the Cool Taxi in London.
27. We can infer from the passage that the author is about the future of Cool Taxi.
A. pessimistic B. optimistic
C. uncertain D. careful
C
It was dinner time for the Rangers, a group of Indigenous(本地的)Australians who had spent a long day cleaning up the polluted beaches of the continent ’s northern coast. Soon they would be eating freshly caught fish and seafood cooked under the stars on an open fire, as their ancestors did.
The Rangers are of more than 100 indigenous groups spreading across Australia who have taken on the job of protecting the land of their forefathers. In Arnhem Land, they are the protectors of 3, 300 square miles of land and sea. They comb the beaches by hand, picking up as much rubbish as possible. The task is very difficult as each day it delivers waves of new rubbish.
For the Rangers, cleaning the beaches is more than a vacation. For a people whose culture is strongly tied to the land, protecting the environment is equal to preserving their history.
However, colonization forcefully broke their connection to the land generations ago. Indigenous people were displaced and their cultural practices were outlawed. Tens of thousands of years of traditional land management ended, and as a result many parts of the country now face serious disasters from invasive plants and animal species, bush fires and land mismanagement.
In recent years, the government has restored more than 20 percent of Australia ’s land to Indigenous owners. Since 2007, the Indigenous Rangers Organizations have been protecting this land.
Luckily, one of the few non-Indigenous employees working with the Rangers, said the combination, new techniques and an appreciation for the culture of Indigenous workers have been critical to the program ’s success.
“You are working with staff who see the world different to you, so there is a much higher focus on the cultural aspects of work and life, ”he said.
“Being a ranger is a source of confidence. You feel strong, ”said Terence, a senior ranger. “Here we still live on the land. The culture is still alive. ”
28. What did Indigenous Australians live on in the past
A. Rubbish picked up by hand.
B. Protecting the land.
C. Catching the fish and seafood.
D. Invasive plants and animals.
29. What do the Rangers think of cleaning the beaches
A. It ’s a job of their ancestors ’.
B. It ’s just a vacation.
C. It ’s a difficult task.
D. It ’s their culture.
30. Why has the government restored the land to Indigenous owners
A. The polluted land needs better management.
B. Their cultural practices were outlawed.
C. The people were too strong.
D. The land belongs to them.
31. What can we learn from the last three paragraphs
A. Not many employees are Indigenous Australians.
B. Culture is important to the Indigenous Australians.
C. Their new techniques are successful.
D. Both Luck and Terence are rangers.
D
Two pig farmers in Suffolk, East England have succeeded in feeding one million bees after participating in a project that saw them turn over half of their land to wild flowers. Four years ago, brothers Mark and Paul Hayward decided to fill 81 acres of their farm land with wild flowers. This week, a study was carried out monitoring insect activity on the flower-covered land, which found they were feeding one million bees at any time.
“This was our target when we started, to grow enough flowers to feed a million bees on a single day, ” Mark said. “We are acutely aware that bees are under threat from modern farming methods and that East England is one of the worst places where bees are seriously suffering from lack of foraging diversity(觅食多样性), ” he continued.
“Every third bite of food you eat can come from bees and we wanted to create an operation on our farm that did not push nature out but rather hugged it—as a central part of our ecology system and our food cycle, ” he said.
The farm uses all kinds of seeds which can produce many different wild plants and of course, the bees can get food from different wildflowers.
“We are taking a very small role in helping society restore a balance and this starts with plant diversity to encourage insects, bees, small mammals(哺乳动物), and birds, ” said Paul. “At the end of the day, we see ourselves as caretakers of this land. Between us we have six children and we owe it to them to maintain farm sustainability(持续性)and set an example to the generations to come, ” added Paul.
According to the Bee Conservation Trust, many types of bees have seen their populations decline by 70%, and two species have become extinct in the last century.
Gill Perkins, CEO of the Bee Conservation Trust said, “Thanks to Mark and Paul, at least here, 1 million bees can keep living, which is of great significance for ourselves now and in the future. ”
32. What can we know about the brothers from the first two paragraphs
A. They have about 160 acres of land.
B. They grow wild flowers for pigs.
C. They are not good at growing wild flowers.
D. They have to support 1, 000, 000 bees in their land.
33. Why are bees under threat in East England
A. There is not enough food for bees.
B. Bees are not used to the modern society.
C. There are too many animals eating bees.
D. Bees can not find different wild flowers.
34. What is Gill Perkins ’ attitude to the action
A. Opposed. B. Doubtful.
C. Supportive. D. Disappointed.
35. What is the best title for the text
A. The Bees are in Danger Now
B. Two Brothers Feed a Million Bees
C. One Million Bees are Surviving in East England
D. Two Brothers Love Wild Flowers in East England
第二节(共5小题; 每小题2. 5分, 满分12. 5分)
阅读下面短文, 从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
England
England is the biggest of the four countries in the United Kingdom. Over 50 million people live in England, which is around 80% of the total UK population.
36 It is spoken today by billions of people all over the world. Many students go to England from other countries to study the language and learn about the culture. Although everyone speaks English, there are many different accents around the country. French was the official language in England between 1066 and 1362. 37
The English people love music. 38 Glastonbury is a five-day festival of music, dance, comedy, and theatre and around 175, 000 people go there. Many people stay at the festivals for a few days and they camp in tents. People listen to all types of music, especially pop and rock. England has produced many international groups and singers.
The most popular sports in England are football, rugby and cricket. Most towns have a football, rugby and cricket ground where teams can play. 39 Women ’s football is also popular. Cricket is a traditional sport played with a bat and a ball. People like to watch all these sports on TV.
England is a multicultural country. 40 Indian, Chinese and Italian foods are popular. Traditional English food includes fish and chips, roast beef, sausages and mashed potatoes. Many English people drink several cups of tea every day, usually with milk. However, different types of coffee are also popular.
A. The official language of England is English.
B. This has a big influence on the food people eat.
C. The lion is the symbol of many English sports teams.
D. It is a fact that English is accepted as an international language.
E. In the summer you can go to music festivals all over the country.
F. This is why there are many French words and expressions in English.
G. English football teams like Manchester United, Chelsea and Liverpool are world-famous.
第三部分 语言运用(共两节, 满分30分)
第一节(共15小题; 每小题1分, 满分15分)
阅读下面短文, 从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Just five months earlier, I would never have thought that I would act in a play in front of so many people. Without the encouragement of my 41 , Mrs Sather, I might never have found that courage.
I was an extremely 42 girl. It just wasn ’t in my personality to make a sound in public. I used to 43 myself in my writing. Mrs Sather also encouraged me to write more. I think she was one of the first people to see my real 44 and know how to help me.
One day, she told us that we were going to 45 a play—The Wizard of Oz. “I need someone to play the lead part of Dorothy, ” she said.
A lot of hands shot up. 46 , of course, was not one of them.
After school, Mrs Sather said to me, “Dallas, I was 47 you didn ’t raise your hand. You ’re great at memorizing things, and you have such a sweet personality. I ’m sure you are 48 for Dorothy! I have you in mind for Dorothy and want you to write the play too! If you 49 don ’t want to, though, I won ’t make you. It ’s your 50 . ”
Encouraged by her 51 , I suddenly wanted to see what I really could do. I 52 the role. After five months of practicing, line memorizing, and costume(表演服)designing, we were 53 .
At the end of the play, when my teacher and my classmates stood up and 54 , I knew they were not just congratulating for my performance(演出)that night, but for the success that they knew would come in later years because of my newly found 55 .
41. A. friend B. teacher
C. mother D. classmate
42. A. shy B. weak
C. clever D. pretty
43. A. put B. take
C. hide D. turn
44. A. problem B. goal
C. challenge D. advantage
45. A. put on B. make up
C. put up D. focus on
46. A. Ours B. Hers
C. Mine D. Theirs
47. A. excited B. happy
C. afraid D. surprised
48. A. anxious B. sweet
C. perfect D. awkward
49. A. officially B. really
C. finally D. obviously
50. A. turn B. choice
C. luck D. responsibility
51. A. words B. stories
C. adventures D. lectures
52. A. created B. played
C. accepted D. remembered
53. A. ready B. successful
C. famous D. careful
54. A. left B. struggled
C. cried D. cheered
55. A. skill B. confidence
C. interest D. hobby
第二节(共10小题; 每小题1. 5分, 满分15分)
阅读下面短文, 在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Exercise is one of the most important 56. ________(part) of keeping your body at a healthy weight. We also know that staying fit and healthy is very vital. Exercise can help prevent weight gain. If you can ’t afford to pay the gym 57. ________visit every day, don ’t worry—just become active throughout the day.
When you exercise 58. ________(regular), you will have better chances of 59. ________(improve) your mood(心情). It can also increase your confidence. Besides, it will better your appearance, 60. ________means your body will be in good shape. Regular exercise is also good 61. ________physical fitness and good health. Apart from weight control, exercise can also delay your aging process.
62. ________you don ’t exercise, your muscles will become very weak. Also, your heart and lungs might not 63. ________(function) as well and you are more likely to get injured. Inactivity is as much of a health risk as smoking.
Make sure that an exercise plan 64. ________ (make), so you can know when and what you should do. However, don ’t over-exercise yourself because doing too much exercise on a daily basis will have 65. ________(harm) results.
第四部分 写作(共两节, 满分40分)
第一节(满分15分)
假如你是李华, 收到你的美国朋友艾伦(Ellen)的来信, 他说要来中国旅游, 请你给他回信帮忙推荐最具中国文化代表性的旅游景点。你的回信内容如下:
1. 旅游地点: 山东曲阜;
2. 参观景点: 三孔景区(孔庙、孔府、孔林)、孔子文化园;
3. 推荐原因: 几千年来, 孔子文化对中国的教育和中国人优良品质的形成有着积极的影响。
注意: 1. 词数80左右;
2. 可以适当增加细节, 以使行文连贯;
3. 开头和结尾已给出, 不计入总词数。
参考词汇:
三孔景区Three Confucian Scenic Spots;
孔庙Confucian Temple;
孔府Confucian Mansion;
孔林Confucian Forest;
孔子文化园Confucius Cultural Park
Dear Ellen,
I ’m excited to receive your letter. _______________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
That ’s my suggestion and I ’m looking forward to your coming to China quickly.
Yours,
Li Hua
第二节(满分25分)
阅读下面材料, 根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段, 使之构成一篇完整的短文。
We first saw the lost dog on a beach on Mahé, an island in the Seychelles, Africa. My kids, then six and eight, were building sandcastles, when he got closer and watched them. The next day he appeared on the entrance of our holiday cottage.
My husband Farid and I thought he was looking for food, but soon we realized he just wanted company. He was shy, about three years old, with orange, fox-like fur, big eyes and a long nose. We called him Chell and after five or six days of him hanging about nearby, we became friends.
We posted a message online: was there somewhere that could take him in Finally, we met Olga, a 19-year-old local with five lost dogs and a heart of gold, who agreed to take him in. Chell had only been with us for a week, but when Olga arrived and tried to move him from our cottage to her car, he refused, making himself heavy. Eventually we managed it and watched sadly as they drove off.
“Will we ever see Chell again ” my elder daughter asked, crying. “I guess not, ” I said, not wanting to sugarcoat it. But months later, Olga phoned us to say she was moving abroad to study and ask if we would like to take in Chell ourselves.
Of course, we took Chell home. It was cold, unlike the hot Seychelles, and he was afraid of most things: climbing the stairs, our other dog Kerstin (an ill-tempered female border terrier)—he even seemed afraid of himself. He ’d start to play, then stop suddenly, the rush of happy emotions frightening him. This was perhaps the most heartbreaking of all: a dog who couldn ’t play.
注意: 续写词数应为150左右。
Months later, the weather turned cold and we let Chell into the yard to see his first snow.
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
At that moment I realized he was going to be OK.
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
参考答案
第一部分 听力 (共两节, 满分30分)（略）
第二部分 阅读(共两节, 满分50分)
第一节(共15小题; 每小题2. 5分, 满分37. 5分)
A
【文章大意】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了一个名为Irish Experience的暑假留学项目, 介绍了这个项目中的一些活动和要参观的地方等信息。
21.【解析】选C。细节理解题。根据第一段可知“爱尔兰体验”是一个针对北美高中生的项目。这个项目在7月份进行, 为期四周。学生们将在爱尔兰南部美丽的大学城科克居住两周。由此可知, Irish Experience是一个暑期留学项目。故选C。
22. 【解析】选A。细节理解题。根据第二段可知, 这个城市有几家剧院。参观其中的一家将是日程安排的一部分。由此可推知, 学生们将在科克市参观一家剧院。故选A。
23. 【解析】选B。细节理解题。根据第三段可知, 都柏林是欧洲最古老的首都城市之一, 也是人口最年轻的城市之一。由此可推知, 都柏林与欧洲其他城市的不同之处在于都柏林的人口非常年轻化。故选B。
B
【文章大意】本文属于说明文。作者通过这篇文章主要向我们描述了伦敦推出了凉爽出租车, 给市民带来更好的体验。
24. 【解析】选D。推理判断题。根据文章第三段可知, 托尼说: “我在伦敦开出租车度过了10个夏天, 我知道你们需要一些好的空调设备。没有它是不可能工作的。你需要保持凉爽、保持水分, 有时在平常的出租车里这是很难做到的。”由此判断出, Tony将尽最大努力改善出租车的条件, 故选D。
25. 【解析】选B。词义猜测题。根据文章第四段可知, 伊丽莎白·安·伊利菲说: “这真是太棒了, 感觉就像《冰雪奇缘》中的场景”。由此推知, 画线词的意思是“乘坐凉爽的出租车”。故选B。
26. 【解析】选C。主旨大意题。根据文章第一段第一句可知, 凉爽出租车是一辆哈克尼马车, 被改造成一个带轮子的冰箱, 使用干冰为乘客保持内部凉爽。故选C。
27. 【解析】选B。推理判断题。根据文章最后一段可知, 然而, 已经证明它在乘客中很受欢迎, 可以考虑在整个夏天的几个月里进行全时运营。由此判断出, 作者对凉爽出租车的未来是持乐观的态度。故选B。
C
【文章大意】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章报道了澳大利亚土著人Rangers保护环境, 捡拾垃圾, 承担着保护祖先土地的任务。
28. 【解析】选C。推理判断题。根据文章第一段最后一句可知, 他们像他们的祖先一样, 在星空下吃着篝火煮熟的新鲜的鱼和海鲜。由此可推知澳大利亚土著居民过去过着以捕鱼和打捞海鲜为生的生活。故选C。
29. 【解析】选D。细节理解题。根据第三段最后一句可知, 对于一个文化与土地紧密相连的民族来说, 保护环境就等于保护他们的历史。所以Rangers认为清理海滩就是保护他们的文化。故选D。
30. 【解析】选A。细节理解题。根据第四段最后一句可知, 成千上万年的传统的土地管理模式结束了, 因此, 这个国家的许多地区现在面临着来自外来动植物物种的入侵、丛林火灾和土地管理不善的严重灾难。所以政府要将土地归还给本地居民是因为被污染的土地需要他们更好的管理。故选A。
31. 【解析】选B。推理判断题。根据文章第六段和第七段以及第八段中的“The culture is still alive. ”可知文化对澳大利亚土著居民很重要。故选B。
D
【文章大意】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要介绍了英国两位农民种植野花, 希望可以帮助蜜蜂生存。
32. 【解析】选A。细节理解题。根据文章第一段可知马克和保罗将81英亩的土地用来种植野花, 而这些土地是两兄弟所拥有的超过一半的土地, 81×2=162, 即他们拥有的土地约为160英亩。故选A。
33. 【解析】选D。推理判断题。根据文章第二段后半部分可知, 东英格兰是蜜蜂觅食多样性严重缺乏的最糟糕的地方之一。蜜蜂受到的威胁有两种: 一是现代农业方法, 二是缺乏觅食多样性, 即蜜蜂需要多种不同的花作为食物。由此可知, 蜜蜂找不到不同的野花。故选D。
34. 【解析】选C。推理判断题。根据文章最后一段可知, 他说: “感谢马克和保罗, 至少在这里, 100万只蜜蜂可以继续生存, 不管是现在还是未来, 这对我们都很重要。”由此可推知, 他对这样的行为持肯定态度, 表示支持。故选C。
35. 【解析】选B。主旨大意题。本文主要介绍了两位兄弟通过种植野花, 为100万只蜜蜂提供了食物, 从而实现生态平衡的事迹。由此可知, B项: Two Brothers Feed a Million Bees(两兄弟养了一百万只蜜蜂)符合题意。故选B。
第二节(共5小题; 每小题2. 5分, 满分12. 5分)
【文章大意】本文是说明文。文章介绍了英国的有关情况, 包括人口、语言、人们对音乐的热爱、受欢迎的运动、食物等。
36. 【解析】选A。空后一句提到“现在在全世界有数十亿的人说英语”, it指代选项A中的English。故选A。
37. 【解析】选F。此题是逻辑线索题。选项F意为: 这就是为什么英语中有很多法语词汇和表达。空前一句提到“在1066年到1362年之间, 法语是英国的官方语言”是在说明原因; 选项F中This is why表示结果。两个句子之间是因果关系。故选F。
38. 【解析】选E。该段主题是英国人对音乐的热爱。此题线索是词汇复现。选项E意为: 在夏天你可以去全国各地的音乐节。下文中的“a five-day festival of music. . . ”和“the festivals”和选项E中的music festivals 是词汇复现。故选E。
39. 【解析】选G。该段的主题是英国最受欢迎的运动。该段首句提到 “在英国最受欢迎的运动是足球、橄榄球和板球”; 选项G是对首句的进一步说明。故选G。
40. 【解析】选B。该段主题是英国是一个多元文化的国家; 选项B意为: 这对人们所吃的食物有很大的影响。下文都是谈论英国的食物, 故选B。
第三部分 语言运用(共两节, 满分30分)
第一节(共15小题; 每小题1分, 满分15分)
【文章大意】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要记叙了作者在Sather老师的鼓励下, 参与了戏剧的表演, 最终演出非常成功, 作者也找到了自信。
41.【解析】选B。句意: 如果没有我的老师Mrs Sather 的鼓励, 我不可能有那种勇气。根据最后一段中的“my teacher ”可知, Mrs Sather是“我”的老师。故选B。
42. 【解析】选A。句意: 我是一个极其害羞的女孩。根据下一句“It just wasn ’t in my personality to make a sound in public. ”(在公众面前发言讲话不是我的个性)可知, “我”很害羞。故选A。
43. 【解析】选C。句意: 我过去经常把自己隐藏在写作中。 根据前文可知, “我”很害羞, 不敢在公众面前讲话, 自己只在写作中表达个人想法。故选C。
44. 【解析】选A。根据前文可知, “我”不敢在公众面前讲话, 这是一个需要解决的问题, 下文讲的是老师如何帮助“我”解决这个问题。故选A。
45.【解析】选A。根据句中的“ a play”可知, 他们将演戏剧, 用动词短语put on“上演”。 故选A。
46. 【解析】选C。句意: 当然, 我的手不在那些举起的手当中。 根据下文老师说“你没有举手”可知, “我”当时没举手, 此处名词性物主代词mine=my hand。故选 C。
47.【解析】选D。句意: 我很惊讶你没有举手。根据下文老师鼓励的话语可知, “我”没举手使她感到很惊讶。故选D。
48. 【解析】选C。句意: 我确信你是演Dorothy的最佳人选。anxious焦虑的; sweet 甜美的; perfect最佳的; awkward尴尬的。根据下一句“I have you in mind for Dorothy”(我想让你演Dorothy这个角色)可知, 老师认为“我”是饰演这个角色的最佳人选。故选C。
49. 【解析】选B。根据后面“我不会勉强你去做的”可知, 老师在征求“我”的个人意愿, 如果“我”真的不想, 她不会勉强“我”。故选B。
50. 【解析】选B。句意: 这是你的选择。 根据前一句“如果你真的不想, 我不会勉强你去做的。” 可知, 老师尊重“我”个人的选择, 故选B。
51. 【解析】选A。句意: 在她的话的鼓励下, 我突然想看看我真的能做什么。根据前面老师说的话可知, “我”受到她的话的鼓励。 故选A。
52. 【解析】选C。句意: 我接受了这个角色。根据前面老师的鼓励以及下面“我”5个月的准备可知, “我”接受了这个角色。故选C。
53. 【解析】选A。句意: 经过5个月的练习、背台词和表演服设计, 我们已经准备好了。ready准备好的; successful成功的; famous著名的; careful细心的。根据下文的成功可知, 我们已经准备好了。故选A。
54. 【解析】选D。根据空格后的“success” 可知, 表演成功后, 他们为“我”欢呼。故选D。
55. 【解析】选B。根据前文提到“我很害羞” 可知, “我”找到了在大众面前说话的自信心和勇气, 与首段最后一个词“courage”相呼应。故选B。
第二节(共10小题; 每小题1. 5分, 满分15分)
【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了运动的积极作用以及重要性。
56. 【解析】parts。考查固定用法。one of the + 形容词最高级+ 可数名词复数, 表示“最……之一”, 该用法为固定用法。故填parts。
57. 【解析】a。考查冠词。pay a visit“拜访”, 是固定短语。故填a。
58. 【解析】regularly。考查副词。句意: 当你有规律地锻炼时, 你将有更好的机会改善心情。修饰动词exercise, 用副词。故填regularly。
59. 【解析】improving。考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知, 空格处应用动名词形式, 作介词of的宾语。故填improving。
60. 【解析】which。考查定语从句关系代词。分析句子结构可知, 空格处应为关系代词, 引导非限制性定语从句, 修饰整个主句内容, 关系词在从句中作主语, 故填which。
61. 【解析】for。考查短语。此处为固定搭配, be good for对……有好处。故填for。
62. 【解析】If。考查连词。句意: 如果你不锻炼, 你的肌肉会变得很虚弱。分析句子结构可知, 空格处应填连词。根据句意可知, 此处应填if作连词引导条件状语从句, 表示“如果”。故填If。
63. 【解析】function。考查动词。句意: 此外, 你的心脏和肺可能也无法正常工作, 你更有可能受伤。情态动词might后接动词原形。故填function。
64. 【解析】is made。考查时态和语态。分析句子可知, make与宾语从句的主语an exercise plan为被动关系, 用被动语态, an exercise plan是单数, 谓语动词用单数。故填is made。
65. 【解析】harmful。考查形容词。句意: 但是, 不要让自己运动过度, 因为每天做太多的运动会产生有害的结果。修饰名词results, 用形容词。故填harmful。
第四部分 写作(共两节, 满分40分)
第一节(满分15分)
【参考范文】
Dear Ellen,
I ’m excited to receive your letter. Knowing you are going to visit China, I am writing back to you to recommend the most representative tourist attractions of Chinese culture, which are Three Confucian Scenic Spots(Confucian Temple, Confucian Mansion and Confucian Forest)and Confucius Cultural Park.
The tourist attractions are located in Qufu, Shandong Province. The reason for recommendation is that Confucian culture has a positive impact on Chinese education and the formation of Chinese people ’s fine qualities for thousands of years.
That ’s my suggestion and I ’m looking forward to your coming to China quickly.
Yours,
Li Hua
第二节(满分25分)
【参考范文】
Months later, the weather turned cold and we let Chell into the yard to see his first snow. By now he had gained confidence and had almost doubled in size to a healthy weight. Holding our breath, we watched as he lifted his paw carefully, nervous at first. Then, suddenly, Chell began ploughing the snowy lawn with his nose, jumping around happily.
At that moment I realized he was going to be OK. Now Chell is a beloved member of the family, being familiar with the surroundings, aside from his habit of chewing the kids ’ toys. He ’s still the same puppy that craved companionship on the beach, except now that he has our family with him. I hope he doesn ’t feel lonely any more. Sometimes it occurs to me that we had such great luck that we found each other on the beach. One should always be happy to find love.
