选择性必修第二册Unit 2单元词汇默写本
Ⅰ. 核心单词
1. ______________ adj. 复杂的; 难懂的
2. ______________ vi. 参加; 参与(活动) vt. 吸引(注意力、兴趣)
3. ______________ vt. 包含; 需要; 涉及
4. ______________ adj. 无法抗拒的; 巨大的; 压倒性的
5. ______________ n. 洞察力; 眼光
6. ______________ n. 离开; 启程; 出发
7. ______________ vt. 理解; 领会; 抓紧
8. ______________ adj. 巨大的; 突然的; 急剧的; 喜剧(般)的
9. ______________ n. 费用; 花费; 开销
10. ______________ vt. 否认; 否定; 拒绝
11. ______________ adj. 乐观的
12. ______________ vt. 获得; 赢得; 取得; 增加 n. 好处; 增加
13. ______________ vi. 合作; 协作; 配合
14. ______________ adv. 真诚地; 诚实地
15. ______________ adj. 合乎逻辑的; 合情合理的
Ⅱ. 拓展单词
1. qualification n. 资格, 学历→______________ vt. &vi. (使)具备资格; (使)合格→______________ adj. 合格的, 有资格的
2. ambition n. 夙愿; 野心; 抱负→______________ adj. 有野心的, 有雄心的
3. adapt v. 适应; 改编→______________ n. 适应; 改编本
4. comfort n. &vt. 安慰→______________ adj. 舒服的→______________ adv. 舒服地
5. participate vi. 参加→______________ n. 参加
6. present v. 呈现; 赠送→______________ n. 报告; 陈述
7. motivate vt. 成为……的动机; 激发; 激励→______________ n. 动力; 积极性; 动机→______________ adj. 积极的; 主动的
8. expect v. 期待; 预料→______________ n. 期望; 预期
9. apply v. 申请→______________ n. 申请→______________n. 申请人
10. expose vt. 使接触; 使体验; 显露; 使暴露于(险境)→______________ n. 接触; 体验; 暴露; 揭露→______________ adj. 暴露的
11. behave vt. 表现vi. & vt. 表现得体; 有礼貌→______________ n. 行为, 表现
12. surroundings n. (pl. )环境; 周围的事物→______________ adj. 周围的; 附近的
13. depress vt. 使沮丧; 使忧愁 →______________ adj. 沮丧的; 意志消沉的→______________ n. 沮丧, 忧愁
14. strong adj. 强壮的→______________ n. 力气→______________ vi. & vt. 加强; 增强; 巩固
petence n. 能力; 胜任; 本领 →______________ adj. 有能力的; 称职的
III.核心短语
1. ______________ 参加; 参与
2. ______________ 大声点说; 明确表态
3. ______________ 舒服自在; 不拘束
4. ______________ (使)从事; 参与
5. ______________ 参与; 卷入; 与……有关联
6. ______________ 文化冲击
7. ______________ 舒适区; 舒适范围
8. ______________ (使)花一大笔钱
9. ______________ 支持; 站在……的一边
10. ______________ 据我所知
11. ______________ 就我而言; 依我看来
12. ______________ 总的来说; 总之
13. ______________ 一般来说
IV.经典句式
1. 句型公式: It is/was the first/second/. . . time (that). . .
It was the first time that she ______________.
这是她第一次离开中国。
2. 句型公式: The first time that. . .
______________ that she had to write an essay, her tutor explained that she must acknowledge what other people had said if she cited their ideas, but that he mainly wanted to know what she thought!
她第一次写论文时, 导师跟她解释说, 如果引用别人的观点就一定要注明, 不过导师主要是想知道她自己是怎么想的!
3. 句型公式: The reason why +定语从句 + is / was that + 表语从句
The biggest reason ______________ he loves China, however, ______________ he enjoys being with Chinese people.
然而, 他喜欢中国的最大原因是他喜欢与中国人待在一起。
参考答案
Ⅰ. 核心单词
1. complex adj. 复杂的; 难懂的
2. engage vi. 参加; 参与(活动) vt. 吸引(注意力、兴趣)
3. involve vt. 包含; 需要; 涉及
4. overwhelming adj. 无法抗拒的; 巨大的; 压倒性的
5. insight n. 洞察力; 眼光
6. departure n. 离开; 启程; 出发
7. grasp vt. 理解; 领会; 抓紧
8. dramatic adj. 巨大的; 突然的; 急剧的; 喜剧(般)的
9. expense n. 费用; 花费; 开销
10. deny vt. 否认; 否定; 拒绝
11. optimistic adj. 乐观的
12. gain vt. 获得; 赢得; 取得; 增加 n. 好处; 增加
13. cooperate vi. 合作; 协作; 配合
14. sincerely adv. 真诚地; 诚实地
15. logical adj. 合乎逻辑的; 合情合理的
Ⅱ. 拓展单词
1. qualification n. 资格, 学历→qualify vt. &vi. (使)具备资格; (使)合格→qualified adj. 合格的, 有资格的
2. ambition n. 夙愿; 野心; 抱负→ambitious adj. 有野心的, 有雄心的
3. adapt v. 适应; 改编→adaptation n. 适应; 改编本
4. comfort n. &vt. 安慰→comfortable adj. 舒服的→comfortably adv. 舒服地
5. participate vi. 参加→participation n. 参加
6. present v. 呈现; 赠送→presentation n. 报告; 陈述
7. motivate vt. 成为……的动机; 激发; 激励→motivation n. 动力; 积极性; 动机→motivated adj. 积极的; 主动的
8. expect v. 期待; 预料→expectation n. 期望; 预期
9. apply v. 申请→application n. 申请→applicant n. 申请人
10. expose vt. 使接触; 使体验; 显露; 使暴露于(险境)→exposure n. 接触; 体验; 暴露; 揭露→exposed adj. 暴露的
11. behave vt. 表现vi. & vt. 表现得体; 有礼貌→behavior n. 行为, 表现
12. surroundings n. (pl. )环境; 周围的事物→surrounding adj. 周围的; 附近的
13. depress vt. 使沮丧; 使忧愁 →depressed adj. 沮丧的; 意志消沉的→depression n. 沮丧, 忧愁
14. strong adj. 强壮的→strength n. 力气→strengthen vi. & vt. 加强; 增强; 巩固
petence n. 能力; 胜任; 本领 →competent adj. 有能力的; 称职的
III.核心短语
1. participate in 参加; 参与
2. speak up 大声点说; 明确表态
3. feel at home 舒服自在; 不拘束
4. engage in (使)从事; 参与
5. get involved in 参与; 卷入; 与……有关联
6. culture shock 文化冲击
7. comfort zone 舒适区; 舒适范围
8. cost an arm and a leg (使)花一大笔钱
9. side with 支持; 站在……的一边
10. as far as I know 据我所知
11. as far as I am concerned
就我而言; 依我看来
12. in summary 总的来说; 总之
13. generally speaking 一般来说
IV.经典句式
1. 句型公式: It is/was the first/second/. . . time (that). . .
It was the first time that she had left China.
这是她第一次离开中国。
2. 句型公式: The first time that. . .
The first time that she had to write an essay, her tutor explained that she must acknowledge what other people had said if she cited their ideas, but that he mainly wanted to know what she thought!
她第一次写论文时, 导师跟她解释说, 如果引用别人的观点就一定要注明, 不过导师主要是想知道她自己是怎么想的!
3. 句型公式: The reason why +定语从句 + is / was that + 表语从句
The biggest reason why he loves China, however, is that he enjoys being with Chinese people.
然而, 他喜欢中国的最大原因是他喜欢与中国人待在一起。选择性必修二 Unit 2 Bridging Cultures
Ⅰ. 单句语法填空
1. (2019·北京高考)The students benefiting most from college are those __________ are totally __________(engage)in academic life.
2. Tropical plants like their __________(surround) bright and humid, while cacti need sunlight but very little water.
3. (2020·全国Ⅲ卷) One day the emperor wanted to get his portrait done so he called all great artists to come and __________ (present) their finest work, so that he could choose the best.
4. The operations can be quite __________(involve), requiring many procedures.
5. To earn some money to pay the daily __________(expense), I started work in a local café as a waiter.
Ⅱ. 完成句子
1. It was the first time that ____________________ her way of thinking was out of date.
这是她第一次意识到自己的思维方式过时了。
2. None of us has ever been there, so the local customs ____________________ any of us.
我们没有人去过那里, 所以我们都不太熟悉当地的风俗。
3. The boy got good grades and ____________________.
这个男孩取得了好成绩, 没有辜负父母的期望。
4. I ____________________ the generosity of friends and neighbours.
朋友和邻居们的慷慨让我无比感动。
5. Students should ____________________ community activities where they can gain experience of growth.
学生应该参与社区活动, 这样他们可以获得成长的经验。
Ⅲ. 语法填空(黑体词为本单元重点词汇)
1
My friend Xie Lei recalled her complex experience of studying abroad. Xie Lei 1. __________ (origin) studied for a business 2. __________(qualify) at a university in China. She is an 3. __________(ambition) girl, and her ambition is to set up a business in China after graduation. She chose to live with a host family for her 4. __________ (adapt) to the new culture. It was a comfort for her to have a second family. Her college tutor was very strict and advised her to participate in class activities. For example, she should speak up in class or give 5. __________(present), not merely cite others’ opinions. She was involved in British culture and engaged in social activities, thus acting as a cultural messenger. She knew that much 6. __________ (expose) to another culture could give her great insight into the world. At first, she felt culture shock from a foreign country, and had an 7. __________(overwhelm)
homesickness. But later she stepped out of her comfort zone and felt much more at home. She became more 8. __________ (motivate). Xie Lei’s 9. __________ (advise) talked to her about maintaining reasonable expectations when studying abroad. Her motivation to study abroad became more clear, and she even wanted to be an applicant for a job at a foreign firm. However, she was looking forward to her early 10. __________ (depart) from England.
2
With the dramatic increase in the number of people 1. __________(study)abroad, there is a heated discussion about the benefits.
Some people are optimistic about studying abroad. The first advantage is personal growth. The education you gain and the experiences you have will change you 2. __________ the better. Another advantage is the 3. __________(increase)chance for cultural exchange. 4. __________(cooperate) with people from diverse cultural backgrounds helps us view the world from different 5. __________(angle). Besides, studying abroad provides a great opportunity 6. __________(contribute)to the development of our country.
But others hold the opposite opinion. To begin with, tuition fees and living 7. __________ (expense)are much 8. __________(expensive)than at home and could end up 9. __________(cost) most families an arm and a leg. Another important factor to consider is the tremendous pressure, 10. __________(include)unfamiliar environment, struggling to handle the challenges in study and life by themselves and even encountering all kinds of problems.
To sum up, different people have different views about studying abroad, but each one has its own flavour.
IV. 阅读理解
If you’re a book lover, you have a pile of books on your bedside, or a bookshelf in your library with a “to read” sign on it. Yet you can’t stop yourself from adding to the pile. This can lead to feelings of guilt over your new purchases. But I’m here to tell you to stop worrying.
What you have is an antilibrary, and it’s a very good thing. The term comes from writer Umberto Eco. He is the owner of a large personal library. He separates visitors into two groups: those who react with “Wow! What a library you have! How many of these books have you read ” and the others who get the point that a private library is not something to show off but a research tool. Read books are far less valuable than unread ones. Indeed, the more you know, the larger the rows of unread books. Let us call this collection an antilibrary.
If you think you already know everything about a subject, you’re cutting yourself off from a stream of information at an artificial point. So a growing library of books you haven’t read means you’re consistently curious about the unknown. And that attitude is a great foundation for a lifelong love of learning.
So don’t feel guilty over your unread books. Those books will be there for you when you do want them, and as you build your library of read and unread books, you can start using it as you would use a bigger library. Certain books may become references more than read-throughs. Or you may find that a book you bought five years ago has special relevance today. Letting the role of books evolve in your life is a healthy sign of curiosity. That’s good for you and good for the world around you.
1. What does the underlined word “antilibrary” in Paragraph 2 refer to
A. Feelings of guilt over new books.
B. A pile of books on the bookshelf.
C. The collection of unread books.
D. A large personal library.
2. Which of the following will the writer agree with
A. The unread books you bought years ago are of no use.
B. You don’t have to read every book from cover to cover.
C. Read books are of more use than unread books.
D. You shouldn’t purchase new books until the unread ones are covered.
3. What does the writer think of someone having lots of unread books
A. Approving. B. Doubtful.
C. Critical. D. Indifferent.
完形填空
I felt gloomy (沮丧的) the other day. The weather had been dark and rainy, and I just didn’t feel so 1 .
As I was sitting at my desk I 2 it was the birthday of a dear long-time friend—a single middle-aged woman who has devoted the past 30 years to nursing and loves her 3 . Knowing that she doesn’t have family in town I decided to give her a call. Sure enough she was on B-shift, 4 to work late into the evening and wouldn’t have much of a birthday this year. As always, 5 , she sounded cheerful and was happy that I called.
After I hung up I couldn’t 6 the feeling that she would really appreciate a little attention on her special day. 7 feeling a little gloomy myself, I tried to put it out of my mind, but as the day passed I couldn’t shake the thought. I 8 gave in, and that evening set off to the hospital with a card, a cheese cake, and some balloons. My friend’s grateful smile and joyful surprise convinced me I’d done the right thing and were a generous 9 for the little effort it had taken.
When I got home I realized that not only had I cheered up a 10 friend on her birthday but my own gloomy feelings had also 11 . Making her day had made my own!
That’s true when we take the time and make the effort to do something for someone else. It’s like the little saying “Loving kindness is twice blessed; it blesses him who gives, and him who 12 . ”
Cheering up people on their birthdays isn’t the only thing we can do to make their day. Life constantly presents us with 13 to take an extra step or do a kind deed that will make a 14 to someone. And the 15 thing is that as we do, it changes things for the better for us too.
1. A. special B. positive C. nervous D. proud
2. A. explained B. complained C. remembered D. informed
3. A. family B. study C. life D. work
4. A. surprised B. disappointed C. bored D. prepared
5. A. though B. besides C. therefore D. otherwise
6. A. get on with B. put up with C. get rid of D. take hold of
7. A. Almost B. Even C. Never D. Still
8. A. luckily B. finally C. unhappily D. hardly
9. A. demand B. desire C. reward D. share
10. A. guilty B. lonely C. weak D. curious
11. A. existed B. deepened C. wasted D. disappeared
12. A. tries B. receives C. loves D. cares
13. A. experiences B. dreams C. choices D. opportunities
14. A. difference B. connection C. discovery D. decision
15. A. normal B. similar C. wonderful D. practical
VI. 七选五
It is sometimes thought that the longing for material goods, the need to buy things, is a relatively modern invention. 1 Trade or shopping is certainly an ancient desire, and existed before our ancestors invented writing, laws, cities or farming, even before they used metal to make tools.
Humans are born to trade. 2 Evidence from hunter-gatherers suggests that the exchange of food and other necessary things comes naturally, as well as the ability to keep a record of the credits involved. And once trade begins, the benefits are hard to resist.
Ancient local coastal people in northern Australia traded fish hooks, along a chain of trading partners, with people living 400 miles inland, who cut and polished local stone to make axes (斧子). 3 Finally, both groups of “producers”, by concentrating on things they could produce and exchanging them for other things they needed, benefited as a result.
Trade in the necessities of life, such as food and simple tools, is not really surprising, considering the link between these basic items and survival. What is surprising, though, is that our taste for unnecessary expensive objects also goes back a long way.
In South Africa, 100, 000-year-old decorative dyes (染料) have been found in an area where none were produced. 4 Small round pieces of glass 76, 000 years old were also found at the same place. The earliest jewellery known to us were not just random findings — they were grouped together in size and had holes like those used for threading onto a necklace.
Archaeologists argue that trade prepared the way for the complex societies in which we live today. 5 However, their modern equivalents—fast cars and expensive clothes — hold the same attraction for us as “trade goods” did for people 100, 000 years ago.
A. And we don’t need shops or money to do it.
B. These are powerful evidence for cash purchase.
C. In fact, its roots go back to the beginning of humanity.
D. However, first trade began from the exchange of objects.
E. Modern-day shoppers may not be impressed by ancient glass pieces.
F. It is thought that these goods were bought at least 30 kilometres away.
G. Every individual along the chain made a profit, even if he produced neither himself.
参考答案
Ⅰ.1.The students benefitting most from college are those who are totally engaged(engage)in academic life.
2. Tropical plants like their surroundings(surround) bright and humid, while cacti need sunlight but very little water.
3. One day the emperor wanted to get his portrait done so he called all great artists to come and present (present) their finest work, so that he could choose the best.
4. The operations can be quite involved(involve), requiring many procedures.
5. To earn some money to pay the daily expenses(expense), I started work in a local café as a waiter.
Ⅱ.
1. It was the first time that she had realized her way of thinking was out of date.
2. None of us has ever been there, so the local customs are not so familiar to any of us.
3. The boy got good grades and lived up to his parents’ expectations.
4. I was overwhelmed by the generosity of friends and neighbours.
5. Students should involve themselves in community activities where they can gain experience of growth.
Ⅲ.
1
My friend Xie Lei recalled her complex experience of studying abroad. Xie Lei 1. originally (origin) studied for a business 2. qualification(qualify) at a university in China. She is an 3. ambitious(ambition) girl, and her ambition is to set up a business in China after graduation. She chose to live with a host family for her 4. adaptation (adapt) to the new culture. It was a comfort for her to have a second family. Her college tutor was very strict and advised her to participate in class activities. For example, she should speak up in class or give 5. presentations(present), not merely cite others’ opinions. She was involved in British culture and engaged in social activities, thus acting as a cultural messenger. She knew that much 6. exposure (expose) to another culture could give her great insight into the world. At first, she felt culture shock from a foreign country, and had an 7. overwhelming(overwhelm)
homesickness. But later she stepped out of her comfort zone and felt much more at home. She became more 8. motivated (motivate). Xie Lei’s 9. advisor (advise) talked to her about maintaining reasonable expectations when studying abroad. Her motivation to study abroad became more clear, and she even wanted to be an applicant for a job at a foreign firm. However, she was looking forward to her early 10. departure (depart) from England.
2
With the dramatic increase in the number of people 1. studying(study)abroad, there is a heated discussion about the benefits.
Some people are optimistic about studying abroad. The first advantage is personal growth. The education you gain and the experiences you have will change you 2. for the better. Another advantage is the 3. increased(increase)chance for cultural exchange. 4. Cooperating(cooperate) with people from diverse cultural backgrounds helps us view the world from different 5. angles(angle). Besides, studying abroad provides a great opportunity 6. to contribute(contribute)to the development of our country.
But others hold the opposite opinion. To begin with, tuition fees and living 7. expenses (expense)are much 8. more expensive(expensive)than at home and could end up 9. costing(cost) most families an arm and a leg. Another important factor to consider is the tremendous pressure, 10. including(include)unfamiliar environment, struggling to handle the challenges in study and life by themselves and even encountering all kinds of problems.
To sum up, different people have different views about studying abroad, but each one has its own flavour.
IV. 1. 【解析】选C。词义猜测题。根据文章第二段中Read books are far less valuable than unread ones. Indeed, the more you know, the larger the rows of unread books. Let us call this collection an antilibrary. 可知, 读过的书远不如没读过的书有价值。的确, 你知道得越多, 未读的书就越多。我们称这些藏书为反图书馆。由此可推知 antilibrary 意为“未读书籍的收藏”。故正确答案为C。
2. 【解析】选B。推理判断题。根据文章最后一段第三句 Certain books may become references more than read-throughs. 可知, 某些书更可能成为参考, 而不是通读。因此“某些书不必从头到尾阅读。”符合文意, 故B项正确。
3. 【解析】选A。推理判断题。根据文章第三段最后两句 So a growing library of books you haven’t read means you’re consistently curious about the unknown. And that attitude is a great foundation for a lifelong love of learning. 可知, 因此, 你没有读过的书越来越多, 这意味着你对未知的事物一直保持着好奇心。这种态度是终身热爱学习的重要基础。由此可推知, 作者赞成收藏未读过的书籍。故正确答案为A。
V. 【文章大意】这是一篇夹叙夹议类的文章。文章讲述了作者通过给一个朋友庆祝生日, 不仅使朋友高兴, 而且使自己也摆脱了沮丧的情绪。由此作者得出结论: 善良的行为是双倍的祝福。施予者和接受者都会从中受益。
1. 【解析】选B。special特殊的, 专门的; positive积极的; nervous紧张的; proud骄傲的。根据“I felt gloomy”可知, 作者感到沮丧, 心态不积极。故B选项正确。
2.【解析】选C。explain解释; complain抱怨; remember记起; inform通知, 告知。作者坐在桌边的时候, 记起了那天是一个朋友的生日。故C选项正确。
3. A. family B. study C. life D. work
【解析】选D。family家庭; study学习; life生活; work工作。根据“. . . has devoted the past 30 years to nursing”可知, 作者的朋友从事护士工作30年, 由此可知, 她非常喜欢自己的工作。故D选项正确。
4. 【解析】选D。surprised惊讶的; disappointed失望的; bored厌烦的; prepared有准备的。作者的朋友值B班, 准备工作到深夜。故D选项正确。
5. 【解析】选A。though可是; besides此外, 而且; therefore因此; otherwise否则。前面提到, 作者的朋友要工作到深夜, 也没有过生日。后文提到, 朋友的声音听起来像往常一样开心快乐。由此判断, 上下文之间是转折关系。故A选项正确。
6.【解析】选C。get on with和……相处; put up with容忍, 忍受; get rid of除掉, 去掉; take hold of握住, 控制住。根据下文“as the day passed I couldn’t shake the thought. . . set off to the hospital with a card. . . ”可知, 作者一直摆脱不了那种在这个特别的日子里得到一点关注她会很感激的感觉。所以, 最终作者带着礼物去医院看望朋友了。故C选项正确。
7. 【解析】选D。Almost几乎; Even甚至; Never从未; Still仍然。第一段提到“I felt gloomy”, 该处又提到“feeling a little gloomy myself”, 由此可知, 作者在挂断电话之后, 仍然感到有点沮丧。故D选项正确。
8. 【解析】选B。luckily幸运地; finally最终, 最后; unhappily不高兴地; hardly几乎不。随着这一天过去, 作者仍然摆脱不了那种想法。最终, 作者屈服了, 动身去医院看望朋友。故B选项正确。
9.【解析】选C。demand要求; desire渴望; reward酬谢, 奖赏; share一份。朋友感激的微笑和惊喜是对作者付出的努力的奖赏。故C选项正确。
10. 【解析】选B。guilty愧疚的; lonely孤独的; weak虚弱的; curious好奇的。根据第二段中的“she doesn’t have family in town”可知, 作者朋友的家人都不在她身边, 朋友肯定在生日这一天很孤独。故B选项正确。
11. 【解析】选D。exist存在; deepen加深; waste浪费; disappear消失。not only. . . but (also)表示并列关系, 因此该句指作者去看望朋友, 这么做不仅使孤独的朋友精神愉悦, 而且作者的情绪也好了起来, 原来的沮丧感消失了。故D选项正确。
12. 【解析】选B。try尝试, 努力; receive收到; love爱; care在乎。作者以自己为例, 证明帮助别人可以使双方受益。又根据It’s like the little saying可知, 该谚语想表达的是善良的行为是双倍的祝福。它赐福于施予者和接受者。故B选项正确。
13. 【解析】选D。experience经历; dream梦想; choice选择; opportunity机会。生活不断地赠给我们更进一步或者做一件对某人有影响的事情的机会。故D选项切题。
14. 【解析】选A。difference区别, 不同; connection连接, 联系; discovery发现; decision决定。做好事当然对别人会有影响。make a difference意为“起作用, 有影响”。故A选项正确。
15. 【解析】选C。normal正常的; similar相似的; wonderful极好的; practical实际的, 实践的。当我们做了好事的时候, 我们的所作所为也使得我们自身的境遇变好, 这是一件非常好的事情。故C选项正确。
VI. 1. 【解析】选C。根据上文 It is sometimes thought that the longing for material goods, the need to buy things, is a relatively modern invention. 并结合下文中 Trade or shopping is certainly an ancient desire 可知, 上文说人们有时认为, 对物质产品的渴望, 对购买物品的需要, 是一种相对现代的发明, 而下文对其“现代性”进行了否定, 认为它是一种古老的欲望。因此此空应连接上下文, 和物质渴望的起源有关。C项意为“事实上, 它的根源可以追溯到人类的起源”, 承上启下, 符合语境。故正确答案为C。
2. 【解析】选A。根据上文 Humans are born to trade. 可知, 人类天生就会交易。由此推断此处应该是对人类天生会交易的进一步阐述。A项意为“我们不需要商店或金钱来做这件事”, 承接上文, 符合语境。故正确答案为A。
3. 【解析】选G。根据上文中 Ancient local coastal people in northern Australia traded fish hooks, along a chain of trading partners 可知, 此空应该与交易链条有关。G项意为“链条上的每一个个体都获利, 即使他自己不生产任何东西”, 承接上文, 符合语境。故正确答案为G。
4. 【解析】选F。根据上文 In South Africa, 100, 000-year-old decorative dyes have been found in an area where none were produced. 可知, 在南非, 有10万年历史的装饰染料在一个根本不生产染料的地区被发现。由此推断此空应该是对这一现象的解释。F项意为“据认为这些货物是在至少30千米以外买的”, 承接上文, 符合语境。故正确答案为F。
5. 【解析】选E。根据上文 Archaeologists argue that trade prepared the way for the complex societies in which we live today. 可知, 考古学家认为, 贸易为我们今天生活的复杂社会铺平了道路。由此推断此处应该是对上文的解释和补充说明, 阐述现代与古老的物质消费的关系。E项意为“现代购物者可能不会对古老的玻璃制品印象深刻”, 承接上文, 符合语境。故正确答案为E。(共46张PPT)
选择性必修二 Unit 2 Bridging Cultures
Ⅰ. 重点词汇
1. comfort n. 安慰; 令人感到安慰的人或事物; 舒服; 安逸 vt. 安慰; 抚慰
【教材原句】
When I miss home, I feel comforted to have a second family. (P14)
当我想念家的时候, 还有一个家, 我感到安慰。
【词块必记】
(1)in comfort 舒适地; 放松地
be a comfort to 对……是安慰
(2)comfort sb. for sth. 因某事安慰某人
comfort oneself with sth. 以某事来自我安慰
(3)comfortable adj. 令人感到安慰的, 舒适的
【知识微练】 单句语法填空
①Being able to afford a drink would be __ comfort to many people in those tough
times.
②Modern transportation offers us quicker and more ___________(comfort)
traveling and brings people to closer contact.
③But his mother didn’t give up and consistently comforted him ____ loving,
encouraging words.
④This will enable the audience to sit __ comfort while watching the shows.
a
comfortable
with
in
2. exposure n. 接触; 体验; 暴露; 揭露
【教材原句】
Exposure to another culture and its people can give exchange students great insights into the world. (P17)
接触另一种文化及其人民可以让交换生对世界有深刻的了解。
【词块必记】
(1)expose vt. 使接触; 使体验; 显露; 使暴露于(险境)
(2)expose. . . to. . . 暴露……给……; 使……接触……
expose oneself to. . . 使自己暴露于……
(3)be exposed to 遭受; (使)接触
【知识微练】 单句语法填空
①_____________(expose) to strong sunlight will do harm to your skin.
②Take care not to keep your children _______(expose)to the bad books,
net and magazines.
句式升级
③Children are exposed to difficult situations. They are better at handling
challenging situations.
→__________________________, children are better at handling challenging
situations. (分词作状语)
Being exposed
exposed
Exposed to difficult situations
3. engage vi. 参加; 参与(活动) vt. 吸引(注意力、兴趣)
【教材原句】
“Engaging in British culture has helped, ”she said. (P15) “融入英国文化很有帮助, ”她说。
【词块必记】
(1)engage in 参加
(2)engage sb. to do sth. 聘请某人做某事
engage sb. as. . . 聘请某人为……
(3)engage sb. ‘s interest/attention
吸引某人的兴趣/注意力
(4)engaged adj. 忙于; 从事于; 已订婚
be engaged in/on 忙于……
be engaged to sb. 与某人订婚
engagement n. 参加, 参与
【知识微练】
单句语法填空
①Her father engaged a tutor __________(improve) her maths.
②A study shows the students who are engaged __ after-school activities are
happier than those who are not.
写出下列句子中engage的含义
③Research shows that teenagers who talk about their day with family members
at the dinner table are less likely to engage in high-risk behaviour. _____
④The child’s attention was completely engaged by the new toy. _______
⑤Kelly is engaged as an accountant in our company. _____
to improve
in
参与
吸引住
聘请
Ⅱ. 核心短语
4. as far as 远至; 就……而言; 尽……所能
【典型例句】
As far as I am concerned, TV talent show is like a double-edged sword, which can do us both good and harm. 就我而言, 电视选秀节目就像一把双刃剑, 对我们既有利也有害。
【词块必记】
as far as sb. /sth. is concerned 就某人/物而言
as far as the eye can see/reach 就视力所能及
as far as I can see 依我看
as far as I know 据我所知
【知识微练】 完成句子
①His parents supported him _________________.
他父母竭尽全力支持他。
②_______________, it is convenient to do shopping in that small town.
就我所知, 在那个小镇上购物很方便。
as far as they could
As far as I know
【典句赏析】
As far as I am concerned, the advantages mentioned above exceed the disadvantages.
我的看法是, 上面提到的长处超过短处。
Ⅲ. 经典句式
5. It was the first time that she had left China. 这是她第一次离开中国。
【句型公式】
(1)该句型中的It可以根据语境换成This或That。
(2)that引导的定语从句的时态必须用完成时: 如果主句中的be动词是is, 从句用现在完成时; 如果主句中的be动词是was, 从句用过去完成时。
(3)that引导的从句为定语从句, that可以省略。
【知识微练】 单句语法填空
①This is the second time that he _______(win) first prize in the competition.
②He said that it was the third time he ________(see)Amazing China.
He couldn’t help feeling proud of his country.
has won
had seen
6. The first time that she had to write an essay, her tutor explained that she must acknowledge what other people had said if she cited their ideas, but that he mainly wanted to know what she thought! 她第一次写论文时, 导师跟她解释说, 如果引用别人的观点就一定要注明, 不过导师主要是想知道她自己是怎么想的!
【句型公式】
(1)The first time that. . . 意为“第一次……”, that在此引导定语从句, that可省略。The first time that she had to write an essay作时间状语。
(2)for the first time 意为“首次, 第一次”, 是介宾短语, 在句中作状语。
【知识微练】 完成句子
①____________________________(我第一次去那里的时候), they were living in
a small house with dogs, ducks, and other animals.
②I took my parents to Beijing last month, and _______________(第一次) they saw
the Tian’anmen Square.
The first time (that) I went there
for the first time
【补充要点】
1. qualification n. (通过考试或学习课程取得的)资格; 学历
【典型例句】
Congratulations to you on your qualification for this World Cup Football Championships!
祝贺你获得此次参加世界杯足球锦标赛的资格!
【词块必记】
(1)acquire/gain/get/obtain/have/hold qualifications
获得/取得/得到/拿到/拥有/持有资格
educational qualifications 学历
without qualification 无条件
(2)qualify v. (使)具备资格
qualified adj. 有资格的; 能胜任的
【知识微练】 完成句子
①I’m writing to apply to join it, thinking that ___________________the job.
我写信是想申请加入其中, 我认为我能很好地胜任这份工作。
②He’s been informed that he ________________the scholarship because of his academic background. 他已被告知, 因为他的学术背景, 他没有领取奖学金的资格。
I’m well qualified for
doesn’t qualify for
2. presentation n. 报告; 陈述; 出示; 拿出; 颁发; 上演
【典型例句】
The manner of presentation is highly important.
介绍的方式很重要。
【词块必记】
(1)give a presentation 介绍
make/give a short presentation 做一个简短介绍
(2)present v. 呈现; 授予; 提出
adj. 现存的; 当前的
n. 目前, 现在; 礼物
(3)present sth. to sb. =present sb. with sth.
颁发给某人某物
(4)at present 目前, 现在
【知识微练】 完成句子
①There is ________________________tonight.
今晚有一场新戏上演。
②The president __________________to the businesswoman of the year.
总统为本年度的女企业家颁奖。
a presentation of a new play
made a presentation
【典句赏析】
My classmates and I are overjoyed to hear that you’ll stay in our school for one week this summer vacation, during which time you’ll give us a presentation about art in western countries.
听说你今年暑假要在我们学校待一个星期, 在这期间你要给我们做一个关于西方国家艺术的报告, 我和我的同学都非常高兴。
3. behave vt. 表现 vi. &vt. 表现得体; 有礼貌
【教材原句】 Some may struggle and suffer from culture shock when learning how to behave in new surroundings. (P20)在学习如何在新环境中表现得体时, 有些人可能会感到吃力, 并承受文化冲击的折磨。
【词块必记】
(1)behave well/badly to/towards sb.
对待某人好/差
behave oneself 守规矩; 表现得体
(2)well-behaved adj. 表现好的
badly-behaved adj. 表现差的
(3)behavio(u)r n. 举止; 行为
【知识微练】 单句语法填空
①Much to my surprise, he behaved as if nothing _____________(happen).
②They behaved badly __________ the guests, which made us very disappointed.
③In a word, I was quite pleased with his ___________ (behave) at the party.
had happened
to/towards
behavio(u)r
【典句赏析】
As far as I’m concerned, all of us should mind our behaviour in public places.
就我个人而言, 我们大家都应该注意公共场所的举止。
4. gain vt. 获得; 赢得; 取得; 增加 n. 好处; 增加
【教材原句】
The education you gain and the experiences you have will change you for the better. (P20)
你所获得的教育和经历会使你变得更好。
【词块必记】
(1)gain weight 增加体重
gain sth. from. . . 从……中获益
gain others’ respect/trust/knowledge
获得别人的尊敬/信任/知识
(2)No pains, no gains. 不劳无获。
【知识微练】 单句语法填空
①_______(gain) a deeper understanding of politics for his writing, he took a
one-year job in the city government.
②She hopes to gain experience _______ working abroad for a year.
③As the old saying goes: No pains, no _____ (gain).
To gain
by/from
gains
【典句赏析】
From this voluntary activity, not only did I broaden my horizons but also I gained valuable experience. 通过这次志愿活动, 我不仅开阔了视野, 而且获得了一些宝贵的经验。
5. stick to 坚持; 遵守
【教材原句】
Should she stick to her own way of life or follow the American way (P17)
她应该坚持她自己的生活方式还是接受美国人的方式呢
【词块必记】
【误区释疑】
stick to中to为介词, 后接名词、代词或动名词作宾语。
【知识微练】 单句语法填空
①Such people always stick __ their views, even if it means that they may get into
trouble.
②I object to ______(have)to rewrite the article.
完成句子
③If you work out bright and early in the morning, you will be more likely to
________________________(坚持健康的食物选择)throughout the day.
to
having
stick to healthy food choices
【典句赏析】
Once a decision has been made, all of us should stick to it.
一旦做了决定, 我们就应该坚持。
IV. 话题写作
(2018·全国卷Ⅰ改编)
假定你是李华。春节即将来临, 你的新西兰朋友Terry将去中国朋友家做客, 发邮件向你询问有关习俗。请你回复邮件, 内容包括:
1. 到达时间及见面问候语;
2. 合适的礼物;
3. 餐桌礼仪。
注意: 1. 词数80左右;
2. 可以适当增加细节, 以使行文连贯。
_______________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
Step 1 写作技巧
【解析】这是一篇提纲类写作。
第1步: 根据提示可知, 假定你是李华。春节即将来临, 你的新西兰朋友Terry将去中国朋友家做客, 发邮件向你询问有关习俗。请你回复邮件, 内容包括: 1. 到达时间及见面问候语; 2. 合适的礼物; 3. 餐桌礼仪。
第2步: 根据写作要求, 确定关键词(组): be glad to(高兴); hear from(收到……来信); customs(习俗); meet with(遇到); Happy Spring Festival(春节快乐); delighted(高兴的)等。
第3步: 根据提示及关键词(组)进行遣词造句, 注意主谓一致和时态问题。此篇文章主要应用一般现在时。
第4步: 连句成文, 注意使用恰当的连词进行句子之间的衔接与过渡, 书写一定要规范清晰, 保持整洁美观的卷面是非常重要的。
1. 句式升级。
Knowing you are going to come to China, I am excited. I would like to tell you
some Chinese customs.
→Knowing that you are going to come to China, I’m more than privileged
___________________some Chinese customs with an overwhelming sense of
excitement.
2. 句式多变(使用非谓语动词)。
I am sure that your gift they receive will make them delighted.
→I am sure that ______________________________________.
to get you informed of
receiving your gift will make them delighted
Step 2 妙笔成篇
Dear Terry,
I am glad to hear from you. Knowing that you are going to come to China, I’m more than privileged to get you informed of some Chinese customs with an overwhelming sense of excitement.
Firstly, you’d better arrive a few minutes early. The moment you meet with your Chinese friend and his/her family, you should say “Happy Spring Festival” to them. Secondly, it’s important for you to buy an appropriate gift for your friend’s family. I am sure that receiving your gift will make them delighted. Thirdly, knowing table manners can help you behave decently. For example, speaking too loudly is impolite.
I wish you enjoy yourself in China.
Yours,
Li Hua选择性必修第二册Unit 2综合能力检测
第一部分 听力 (共两节, 满分30分)（略）
第二部分 阅读(共两节, 满分50分)
第一节(共15小题; 每小题2. 5分, 满分37. 5分)
阅读下列短文, 从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Arbeia Roman Fort (城堡) and Museum
Location and History
Arbeia Roman Fort is situated on Hadrian’s Wall. It was the most important structure built by the Romans in Britain, and now it has been a World Heritage (遗产) Site. Built around AD 160, Arbeia Roman Fort was the military supply base for the soldiers who were stationed along Hadrian’s Wall. The fort has been gradually uncovered and some original parts have been revealed. There are reconstructions that show how Arbeia Roman Fort would have looked.
The Reconstructions
The reconstructions of the Commanding Officer’s house and soldiers’ quarters are strikingly different. The accommodation for soldiers is dark and uncomfortable, while the Commanding Officer’s house is spacious and luxurious, with courtyards with fountains for him and his family to enjoy.
The Museum
Visit the museum and see many objects that were found at Arbeia. They are historically important and show what daily life was really like at that time. You will see weapons, tools, jewellery, and so on. You can also discover how the Romans buried their dead and see tombstones (墓碑) which survive to this day. There is a “hands-on” area allowing visitors to dig on a certain site and study their findings with the help of museum staff. You can piece together pottery (陶器), or try writing just as the Romans would have done. For children, they can build this ancient Roman fort with building blocks by themselves.
Opening Times and Getting There
April 1—October 31:
Monday to Saturday 10: 00am—5: 00pm, Sunday 2: 00pm—5: 00pm.
November 1—March 31:
Monday to Saturday 11: 00am—4: 00pm, closed Sunday. (Closed December 25—26 and January 1)
Entry is free.
Arbeia is only a ten-minute walk from the bus station at South Shields. Free car park nearby.
Website:
www. twmuseums. org. uk/arbeia
21. According to the passage, Arbeia Roman Fort .
A. was related to the military
B. got reconstructions around AD 160
C. was built in a small area in Rome
D. provided a comfortable life for soldiers
22. What can visitors do in the museum
A. Try using weapons.
B. See historical objects.
C. Write to ancient Romans.
D. Build tombstones for the dead.
23. What time does Arbeia Roman Fort close
A. On April 1. B. On October 31.
C. On November 1. D. On December 26.
B
James T. Green thought he was having a panic attack.
He took a break from work to walk around the block during a stressful day, and noticed he felt out of breath walking up a slight slope. “This isn’t normal, ” Green thought. He had become a regular biker in recent months and wasn’t exactly out of shape. He sat down at his desk, and looked at the Apple Watch on his wrist. His heart rate was through the roof, and the Heart Watch app he was using to check his pulse(脉搏)was flashing warnings. Maybe it was something more serious, he thought.
Although he had blood clots(血栓)in his lungs a few years ago, he had been taking medication, and doctors said that it was an unusual condition for someone in their mid-20s. Still, the symptoms (症 状)this time were much less serious, and he was feeling stressed, so his mind didn’t automatically jump to blood clots. Green’s doctor told him it sounded like anxiety. But then he showed her his heart rate recorded by the Apple Watch.
“This is my normal heart rate, ” Green told her, pointing to the graph in the app. “This is where my heart is now. There’s something wrong. ”
The doctor ordered a CT scan. The blood clots in his left lung had returned. An ambulance rushed Green to the emergency room, where he was pumped full of blood thinners. He didn’t need surgery this time, but doctors told him that if he had waited, a clot could have killed him.
Green isn’t the only person who has discovered a serious health condition after seeing heart-rate data on a smartwatch. And he won’t be the last. Presently, smartwatches from Apple to Fitbit and others can tell you your heart rate and track your workouts. But these companies want to go beyond the basics by developing ways to tell you when something is wrong. In fact, it’s already happening.
24. What is not normal for Green this time
A. He breathed with difficulty.
B. He worked out less often.
C. He had a heart attack.
D. He was out of shape.
25. Which of the following confirmed his serious problem
A. He himself. B. His doctor.
C. The CT scan. D. The Apple Watch.
26. What really caused the symptoms of Green this time
A. Tiredness. B. Anxiety.
C. Work stress. D. Blood clots.
27. What might be discussed in the following paragraph
A. Apple’s new study on smartwatches.
B. The tips on how to buy a smartwatch.
C. Other cases where smartwatches save lives.
D. The application of smartwatches in health care.
C
In today’s difficult economic time, it’s natural to rethink your goal of studying abroad. Does the benefit outweigh the cost The answer, in fact, is yes, when you look at the road ahead.
When the economy becomes more challenged, competition for the workforce increases, and employers look for employees with the best credentials(资历). Having an overseas degree—from a university where strong English skills are required — can make all the difference. The added expertise of a foreign degree, along with more cultural experience, can make you more qualified for many jobs.
A 50-year study of 3, 400 students shows that studying abroad is usually a defining moment in a young person’s life and continues to impact the participant’s life for years after the experience.
82% said that they acquired skills that influenced their career path. 70% stated that it ignited(点燃)an interest in a career direction that they pursued after the experience.
And the effect on one’s career can be equally strong. A study by the Queensland, Australia government showed:
61% of employers stated overseas studying experience was positive on a graduate resume. 72% of employers felt that a second language made a graduate a more attractive employee.
Still, there’s the question of how to pay for studying overseas. But the cost doesn’t have to be as high as you think. Scholarships may be available to cover some or all of these costs. And, there are plenty of ways to further offset(抵消)the cost — through financial tips, advice and grants(补助金).
28. The second study shows that studying abroad .
A. helps one to get a job
B. affects one’s whole life
C. affects one’s career direction
D. helps one to make more money
29. The author tries to prove his idea by .
A. giving examples
B. answering questions
C. listing facts and numbers
D. offering advice and solutions
30. What does the author think about the university fees
A. Financial tips must increase the university fees.
B. Scholarships can cover some of the costs.
C. Money is a serious problem for studying abroad.
D. There are few ways for the students to earn money.
31. What does the author intend to tell us in the passage
A. Studying abroad is easy.
B. Studying abroad is rewarding.
C. The effects of studying abroad.
D. The problems with studying abroad.
D
Having a microchip implanted in a man’s brain may be common in sci-fi movie plots, but it may soon become an actual possibility.
Elon Musk, founder of SpaceX and co-founder of electric car maker Tesla — has been working on this technology. On Aug 28, Musk gave a livestream demonstration of the chip, which was implanted into the head of a pig named Gertrude.
The chip, developed by Musk’s company, is the size of a coin. But don’t let its size fool you. The tiny chip has over 3, 000 electrodes (电极) attached to flexible threads, which can monitor about 1, 000 neurons (神经元). It collects neural signals from an area of the brain, and then transmits those signals wirelessly to nearby computers. In the livestream, Gertrude could be seen walking around her pen sniffing the ground while a monitor showed her brain activity.
Though the technology is still in its early stage, it is encouraging for humans. This technology “would solve a lot of brain injuries”, which allows the human brain to combine with an artificial intelligence, Musk said.
When the device can be applied to humans, its main goal will be to help those who have mobility(移动性) issues, such as those suffering from paralysis. Musk hopes this technology could also be used to help those with hearing and eyesight issues and one day lead to a cure for epilepsy (癫痫).
Although such a device could, in principle, repair those problems, putting it into practice is by no means a piece of cake. Currently, the device can transmit signals from about 500 neurons in the pig’s brain. Compared to 80 billion neurons in a human brain, this number is tiny. And to cover the whole human brain also means the electrodes have to be much smaller.
Also, implanting the chip into the brain poses a potential danger. There is a risk of the immune system attacking this foreign body.
Right now, the hope of controlling the brain via controlling a few neurons seems overly optimistic. “There are many technological challenges. . . to overcome before Neuralink can put its devices to the purposes, ” Yuan Lanfeng, an associate professor at the University of Science and Technology of China, told China Daily.
32. What do we know about Elon Musk’s microchip according to the first three paragraphs
A. It is able to collect wireless signals.
B. It was inspired by sci-fi movie plots.
C. It has no more than 1, 000 electrodes.
D. It is tiny in size but powerful in function.
33. What is the major goal of the microchip in human applications
A. To develop a cure for epilepsy.
B. To monitor animals’ brain activity.
C. To help people with difficulty in moving freely.
D. To contribute to the research in AI technologies.
34. What do Paragraphs 6-7 mainly talk about
A. Potential problems in applying the chip to humans.
B. Key differences between pigs’ and humans’ brains.
C. The amount of time and money implanting the chip could cost.
D. How the immune system is the major obstacle to the implant.
35. How does Yuan Lanfeng feel about implanting the chip into the human brain
A. Excited. B. Optimistic.
C. Cautious. D. Worried.
第二节(共5小题; 每小题2. 5分, 满分12. 5分)
阅读下面短文, 从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Ways to Teach Kids Good Behavior
Kids can be hard to handle sometimes. When a child acts out, you may be unsure how to handle it effectively. In most cases, you don’t have to make use of punishment. 36
Tell the children you want to change your behavior. If you feel that you used ineffective strategies before, it may be worth talking about it to the kids. 37 Apologizing for the past misbehavior also sets a good example.
38 Unmet needs can lead to misbehavior. Meet the needs, and misbehavior may not happen. When a child expresses a need, acknowledge it, either meeting it now or telling them your plan to meet that need soon. Pay attention when a child says or hints ( 暗 示 ) at things like“I’m hungry”, “I’m tired” and “I’m upset”.
Keep your expectations reasonable. 39 Kids are going to be annoying sometimes, and they won’t always be little angels. They might not be able to do everything you ask of them, no matter how hard they try.
Be clear about your expectations. 40 Let them know what you expect from them, and give reminders as needed.
A. Offer praise when the child does something well.
B. Meet the children’s needs when they say something.
C. This helps them recognize that you will behave differently.
D. Kids can’t follow the rules if they don’t know what they are.
E. Let them know that you see them behaving better and that you appreciate it.
F. Some kids, especially younger ones, have limited self-control and attention spans.
G. Instead, talking to the child and setting positive expectations can make a big difference.
第三部分 语言运用(共两节, 满分30分)
第一节(共15小题; 每小题1分, 满分15分)
阅读下面短文, 从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Born in America, I spoke English , not Chinese, the language of my ancestors. When I was three, my parents flashed cards with Chinese 41 at my face, but I pushed them 42 . My mom believed I would learn when I was ready. But the time never came.
On a Chinese New Year’s Eve, my uncle spoke to me in Chinese, but all I could do was 43 at him, confused, scratching my head . “Still can’t speak Chinese ” He 44 me, “You can’t even buy a fish in Chinatown. ”
“Hey, this is America, not China. I’ll get some 45 with or without Chinese. ” I replied and turned to my mom for 46 . “Remember to ask for fresh fish, Xin Xian Yu, ” she said, handing over a $20 bill. I 47 the words, running downstairs into the streets of Chinatown.
I found the fish 48 surrounded in a sea of customers. “I’d like to buy some fresh fish, ” I should go to the fishman. But he 49 my English words and turned to serve the next customer. The laugh of the people behind increased with their impatience. With every 50 , the breath of the dragons (龙) on my back grew stronger—my blood boiling— 51 me to cry out. “ Xian Sheng Yu, please. ” “Very Xian Sheng, ” I repeated. The crowd erupted into laughter. My face turned red and I ran back home 52 , except for the $20 bill I held tightly in my pocket.
Should I laugh or cry They’re Chinese. I should feel right at 53 . Instead, I was the joke, a disgrace (丢脸)to the language.
Sometimes, I laugh at my fish 54 , but, in the end, the joke is on me . Every laugh is a culture 55 ; every laugh is my heritage (传统) fading away.
41. A. custom B. games C. characters D. language
42. A. ahead B. around C. along D. aside
43. A. aiming B. joking C. nodding D. staring
44. A. cared about B. laughed at C. argued with D. asked after
45. A. right now B. from now C. at times D. in time
46. A. decision B. permission C. information D. preparation
47. A. repeated B. reviewed C. spelled D. kept
48. A. farm B. stand C. pond D. market
49. A. guessed B. forget C. doubted D. ignored
50. A. second B. effort C. desire D. movement
51. A. forcing B. allowing C. persuading D. leading
52. A. open-mouthed B. tongue-tied C. empty-handed D. broken-hearted
53. A. service B. home C. risk D. root
54. A. trade B. deed C. challenge D. incident
55. A. thrown B. lost C. divided D. reflected
第二节(共10小题; 每小题1. 5分, 满分15分)
阅读下面短文, 在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Did you grow up in one culture, your parents came from another, and you are now living in a 56._______________(total) different country If so, then you are a third-culture kid.
The term “third-culture kid”57. __________(use) in the 1960s for the first time by Dr. Ruth. She first came across this phenomenon while 58. ____________(research) North American children living in India. In general, third-culture kids benefit 59. ___________ their intercultural experience and they often reach excellent academic results.
Yet many 60. ___________(difficulty) may arise from this phenomenon. Third-culture kids may not be able to adapt 61.____________(they) completely to their new surroundings. Also, they often find it hard 62. __________(develop) new friendship. Additionally, for a third-culture kid, it is often 63. ______________(easy) to move to a new country than to return to his homeland. For example, after living in Australia for many years, Louis finally returned to the country 64. ___________ she was born. She didn’t know anything about current TV shows 65._____________ fashion trends. And she didn’t share the same values as other teens of her age.
第四部分 写作(共两节, 满分40分)
第一节(满分15分)
假定你是李华, 获悉游泳俱乐部在招生, 请你写封信邀请一直想学游泳的留学生好友Jack一起报名参加。内容如下:
1. 写信目的;
2. 俱乐部的招生信息。
注意:
1. 写作词数应为80左右;
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Dear Jack,
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Hua
第二节(满分25分)
阅读下面材料, 根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段, 使之构成一篇完整的短文。
It was time to go home. “Remember to work on your class speeches for homework, ”Miss Walker called, as everyone started talking and packing their schoolbags. Jenny felt sick. She hated having to read aloud in class. She was sure everyone got really bored listening to her. Once, when Jenny was reading out her holiday diary, Lee was even looking at his watch, a silver and blue one which seemed just magical.
Jenny watched Lee walk ahead of her as they left school. He seemed so clever, and he had a certain sort of shining confidence. He was just one of those people who were good at everything. Jenny sighed. As she turned the corner, she saw Lee’s watch lying right in the middle of the path.
Jenny knew she should just pick it up and return it to him, but she didn’t want to run after him. Jenny bent down quickly, picked up the watch and ran home. On arriving home, Jenny put it on almost without thinking. She was surprised it fitted so well. She walked to the mirror and started practicing her speech. Words just flooded out of her. “I’m going to talk about swimming. I have been lucky. I’ve won lots of competitions. But when I’m in a race, I’m not really thinking about winning. I’m just loving the feeling of being in the water. . . ”Jenny laughed with excitement. She walked across the room. She suddenly seemed to have a certain sort of confidence. Turning back to the mirror, Jenny saw a flash of light from the watch in the glass. The flashes of silver seemed almost magical. So maybe Lee’s watch really did have something magic.
The next day, as the lesson began, Miss Walker asked who was going to be brave and go first. Nobody moved. Jenny slowly raised her arm. Before Miss Walker could say anything, there was a shout from behind. “She’s stolen my watch! ” Lee said angrily, “It went missing at school yesterday. ”
注意: 续写词数应为150左右。
Everybody was fixing their eyes on Jenny, waiting for an explanation.
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
At that moment, Miss Walker smiled and asked the class to listen to Jenny’s speech first.
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
参考答案
第一部分 听力 (共两节, 满分30分)（略）
第二部分 阅读(共两节, 满分50分)
第一节(共15小题; 每小题2. 5分, 满分37. 5分)
A
【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文。介绍了旅游景点Arbeia Roman Fort and Museum的位置、历史、重建及开放时间等信息。
21. 【解析】选A。细节理解题。根据Location and History中的第三句可知, Arbeia罗马堡垒建于公元160年左右, 是驻扎在哈德良长城的士兵的军事补给基地, 可推知Arbeia Roman Fort与军事有关, 故选A。
22. 【解析】选B。细节理解题。根据The Museum中的前三句可知, 参观博物馆, 看看在Arbeia发现的许多物品。它们在历史上很重要, 展示了当时的日常生活。你会看到武器、工具、珠宝等。可推知游客们在这个博物馆可以看见许多历史物品, 故选B。
23. What time does Arbeia Roman Fort close
A. On April 1. B. On October 31.
C. On November 1. D. On December 26.
【解析】选D。细节理解题。根据Opening Times and Getting There里的信息“Monday to Saturday 11: 00am—4: 00pm, closed Sunday. (Closed December 25—26 and January 1)(星期一至六上午11: 00——下午4: 00, 星期日休息。(十二月二十五日至二十六日和一月一日关闭))”可知12月26日Arbeia Roman Fort关闭, 故选D项。
B
【文章大意】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要叙述了主人公Green通过智能手表的预警发现了自己的健康问题, 并说明智能手表在预警人们健康问题中起到重要作用。
24.【解析】选A。细节理解题。根据文章第二段前两句可知, 在紧张的一天中, 他休息了一下, 绕着街区走了一圈。他注意到, 在走上一个小斜坡时, 他感到上气不接下气。“这不正常, ”格林想。可推知, 格林感到异常是因为自己呼吸困难。故选A。
25. 【解析】选C。细节理解题。根据文章第三段第二、三句可知, 不过, 这一次的症状没那么严重, 他感到压力很大, 他不认为是血栓。格林的医生告诉他, 这听起来像是焦虑造成的。根据文章第五段第一句可知医生要求做一次CT扫描。他左肺的血栓又出现了。可知选C。
26. 【解析】选D。细节理解题。根据文章第五段第一句可知, 医生要求做一次CT扫描。他左肺的血栓又出现了。可知, 导致这次症状的原因还是之前的血栓问题。故选D。
27. 【解析】选D。推理判断题。根据文章最后一段最后两句可知, 但这些公司想要超越它基本的用途, 想办法告诉你什么地方出了问题。事实上, 一切都在进行着。可推知, 除了基本用途之外, 智能手表公司还想开发其他有关身体健康的应用, 所以接下来应讲智能手表在医疗保健中的应用。故选D。
C
【文章大意】本文是一篇议论文。在当今不景气的经济形势下, 出国留学能否如过去一样得到回报是值得深思的。本文通过两项调查, 说明了出国留学仍是一个明智的选择, 尤其是在就业市场竞争激烈的今天。
28. 【解析】选A。细节理解题。第六段第二项调查表明, 有着海外留学经历和会第二外语的求职者更具吸引力, 说明留学可以使求职者更容易找到工作。故选A。
29. 【解析】选C。推理判断题。作者在第一、二段表明自己的观点, 从第四段中“82% , 70%”和第六段中“61%, 72%”可以看出, 作者通过列举事实及数据来证明自己的观点。故选C。
30. 【解析】选B。细节理解题。根据文章最后一段中“Scholarships may be available to cover some or all of these costs”可知, 奖学金可以解决一些你的学费问题。故选B。
31. 【解析】选B。主旨大意题。通读全文, 根据第一段可知, 在当今经济困难时期, 重新考虑出国留学的目标是很自然的。收益是否大于成本 事实上, 当你放眼未来, 答案是肯定的。以及本文通过两项调查, 说明了出国留学是一个明智的选择, 因为数据显示海外留学生在职场竞争中占有优势。由此判断出作者想告诉我们出国留学是值得的。故选B。
D
【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了将微芯片植入人的大脑听起来很科幻, 但埃隆·马斯克的公司已经开始实施这样的实验了。
32. 【解析】选D。细节理解题。由第三段前三句可知这个由马斯克公司开发的芯片只有硬币大小。但别让它的尺寸愚弄了你。这个微型芯片有3000多个电极连接在柔性线上, 可以监测大约1000个神经元。可推知, 芯片虽小, 但功能强大, 可以监测大约1000个神经元。故选D。
33.【解析】选C。细节理解题。由第五段中的第一句可知, 当这种装置能够应用于人类时, 它的主要目标将是帮助那些行动不便的人, 比如那些瘫痪的人。可推知, 芯片在人类应用中的主要目标是帮助行动不便的人。故选C。
34. 【解析】选A。主旨大意题。由第六段中的第一句可知, 虽然这种装置原则上可以修复这些问题, 但将其付诸实践绝非易事。和第七段可知, 此外, 将芯片植入大脑也有潜在的危险。免疫系统有攻击这个异物的危险。可推知, 芯片运用于大脑绝非易事, 对大脑有风险, 可得出第六七段主要讲将芯片应用于人类可能存在的问题。故选A。
35. 【解析】选C。推理判断题。由最后一段的最后一句可知, 中国科技大学副教授袁兰峰在接受《中国日报》采访时说: “还有许多技术挑战需要克服, 才能使Neuralink的设备达到预期目的。可得出对将芯片植入人脑一事, 袁兰峰很谨慎。故选C。
第二节(共5小题; 每小题2. 5分, 满分12. 5分)
【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文。本文讲述了教导孩子良好行为的方法。
36. 【解析】选G。根据空前一句可知在大多数情况下, 你不必使用惩罚。和下文给出的几点教导孩子良好行为的方法可知, 此处表转折, 选项G. “和孩子交谈并设定积极的期望会有很大的不同”, 符合语境, 故选G。
37. 【解析】选C。根据上一句可知, 如果你觉得你以前使用过无效的策略, 那就值得和孩子们讨论一下。可知选项C. “这会帮助他们意识到你的行为会有所不同”, 符合语境, 故选C。
38. 【解析】选B。根据下一句可知, 未满足的需求会导致不良行为。满足需求, 不端行为就不会发生。B项Meet the children’s needs when they say something. “当孩子说出来的时候, 要满足孩子们的需要”, 故选B。
39. 【解析】选F。根据本段主题句“Keep your expectations reasonable (保持合理的期望)”和空后一句孩子有时候会很烦人, 他们不会永远都是小天使。可推知, 有些孩子自制力和注意力持续时间有限, 因此要保持合理的期望。选项F. “有些孩子, 尤其是较小的孩子, 自我控制能力和注意力持续时间有限”符合语境, 故选F。
40. 【解析】选D。根据本段主题句“Be clear about your expectations. (明确你的期望)”。结合空后一句可知, 让他们知道你对他们的期望, 并在需要的时候给予提醒。选项D. Kids can’t follow the rules if they don’t know what they are. (如果孩子们不知道规则是什么, 他们就不能遵守规则)符合语境, 故选D。
第三部分 语言运用(共两节, 满分30分)
第一节(共15小题; 每小题1分, 满分15分)
【文章大意】本文是一篇记叙文。“我”长在美国, 已熟悉英语, 但身为中国人, 因为没有学习汉语而导致了去唐人街买鱼的尴尬, 这让我明白了一个道理: “笑话”反映的是一种文化的缺失, 我们不应该让文化丢失。
41. 【解析】选C。custom习惯; games 游戏; characters 字; language 语言。根据本段第一句中the language of my ancestors可知, 在我三岁的时候, 我们的父母把带有汉字的卡片在我面前闪过。故选C。
42. 【解析】选D。ahead前面; around 周围; along 沿着; aside 一边。由本句中but这个转折连词可知, 这里表明作者没有看它, 而是将其放在了一边。put aside意为“把某物放到一边”, 符合语境。故选D。
43.【解析】选D。aiming瞄准; joking开玩笑; nodding 点头; staring 凝视。由本句中的confused可知, 当叔叔跟我讲汉语的时候, 我困惑了。因此我只能用我的眼睛盯着我的叔叔看。故选D。
44. 【解析】选B。cared about关心; laughed at 嘲笑; argued with 争论; asked after 询问。由本句中You can’t even buy a fish in Chinatown. 可以推断出, 叔叔是在嘲笑我。故选B。
45. 【解析】选A。right now现在; from now 从现在开始; at times 有时; in time 及时。由本句中I’ll get some with or without Chinese. 及下段可知, 我想证明给我的叔叔看, 我现在就能去唐人街买到鱼。故选A。
46. 【解析】选B。decision决定; permission 许可; information 信息; preparation 准备。由下文中母亲说的话可知, 我希望征得母亲的许可让我去买鱼。由语境可知, 母亲的许可比较合适, 故选B。
47. 【解析】选A。repeated重复; reviewed 评论; spelled 拼写; kept 保留。由上句母亲话中的Xin Xian Yu及我没有学习过汉语可以推断出, 我为了防止忘掉要买的东西的名字, 而不断重复着母亲的话。故选A。
48. 【解析】选B。farm农场; stand 站立; pond 池塘; market 市场。分析句子结构可知, 我发现鱼摊被很多顾客围着。故选B。
49. 【解析】选D。由第二段中You can’t even buy a fish in Chinatown及本句中turned to serve the next customer可知, 这个卖鱼人没有在意我说的话, 即无视, 不理睬。故选D。
50.【解析】选A。由本段的第三句中turned to serve the next customer及本句中the breath of the dragons on my back grew stronger可知, 随着时间推移, 当我再一次问的时候, 我生气了。with every second随着时间推移, 每一秒。故选A。
51. 【解析】选A。forcing强迫; allowing 允许; persuading劝说; leading 领先。由本句中my blood boiling可知, 我被激怒了, 因此我强迫自己大声喊出我要买的东西。故选A。
52. 【解析】选C。open-mouthed张嘴的; tongue-tied 舌头打结的; empty-handed 两手空空的; broken-hearted 心碎的。由上段中母亲让我买Xin Xian Yu及由本句中except for the $20 bill可知, 我没有买到鱼, 而是空着手回家的。故选C。
53. 【解析】选B。service服务; home 家; risk 风险; root 根。由本段中They’re Chinese. 可知, 同为中国人, 我本应该感到自在、自如才对。这与后面的Instead, I was the joke. . . 形成对比。故选B。
54. 【解析】选D。trade贸易; deed行为; challenge 挑战; incident事件。由本句中I laugh at可知, 作者时常以自己买鱼的那件事自嘲。故选D。
55. 【解析】选B。thrown扔; lost 迷失; divided分割; reflected 反射, 反思。分析句子结构可知, 该空应与fading away意思相近, 每一次笑都是一种文化迷失。故选B。
第二节(共10小题; 每小题1. 5分, 满分15分)
【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了“第三文化孩子”这一概念, 以及这种跨文化经历给孩子带来的优势和弊端。
56. 【解析】totally。考查副词。修饰形容词different, 应用副词, total对应的副词形式totally, 意为“完全地, 全部地”。
57. 【解析】was used。考查时态和语态。根据句中in the 1960s可知, 应用一般过去时, 句中third-culture kid和use之间为被动关系, 故应用一般过去时的被动语态, 且句子主语The term “third-culture kid”是单数。故填was used。
58. 【解析】researching。考查非谓语动词。此处是状语从句的省略, 句子主语she与research之间为逻辑上的主动关系, 故应用现在分词researching。
59. 【解析】from。考查固定搭配。句意: 一般来说, 第三文化的孩子从他们的跨文化经验中受益, 他们通常会取得优异的学习成绩。benefit from意为“从……中获益”。
60. 【解析】difficulties。考查名词复数。句中many后接可数名词复数形式, difficulty意为“困难的事情”时, 为可数名词, 复数形式为difficulties。
61. 【解析】themselves。考查固定搭配。固定短语adapt oneself to. . . , 意为“使自己适应或习惯于……”, they的反身代词为themselves。
62. 【解析】to develop。考查非谓语动词。句中涉及固定句型find it hard to do sth. , 句中it为形式宾语, 真正的宾语是后面的不定式结构。故填to develop。
63. 【解析】easier。 考查形容词比较级。句意: 此外, 对于第三文化的孩子来说, 移居到一个新的国家比回到自己的祖国容易得多。根据句意和句中关键词than可知, 应用比较级。故填easier。
64. 【解析】 where。考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知, 句子为定语从句, 先行词为country, 在从句中作地点状语, 故应用关系副词where引导从句。
65. 【解析】 or。 考查连词。根据句中didn’t可知, 句子为否定句, 句中TV shows和fashion trends为并列关系, 否定句中应用连词or连接并列成分。
第四部分 写作(共两节, 满分40分)
第一节(满分15分)
【参考范文】
Dear Jack,
Learning that you want to learn swimming and seeing the ad for swimming beginners, I’m writing to invite you to sign up together.
The swimming club will teach 10 students with the beginning level. The programme will begin on Nov. 1st and last two weeks. The club promises every student can swim well after the class. The location of the club is not far from your apartment and the fee is 500 yuan.
If you have any question, you can call them at 8167436. I would be happy if you go with me.
Looking forward to your early reply.
Yours,
Li Hua
第二节(满分25分)
【参考范文】
Everybody was fixing their eyes on Jenny, waiting for an explanation. Dead silence suddenly fell. So embarrassed was Jenny that she felt her face burning and her mind going blank. Despite the unwillingness to admit it, she had actually made the most shameful mistake. Jenny was thrown into a dilemma whether to tell the truth or not. Considering the well-prepared speech and the magic of the watch, she plucked up her courage, uttering in a begging tone, “But Miss Walker, could I deliver the speech first ” All the classmates fell into tremendous curiosity, eager to witness her performance.
At that moment, Miss Walker smiled and asked the class to listen to Jenny’s speech first. Overwhelmed with excitement, Jenny confidently made her way to the platform, words flooding out of her fluently. Never before in her life had she delivered such a terrific speech. Praises spread around the classroom and even Miss Walker nodded with approval. Feeling incredibly refreshed, Jenny finished her speech, which was greeted with thunderous applause. Relieved, Jenny exposed the truth and especially the magic of the watch. “But it’s just an ordinary watch without any magic. ” announced Lee. Not until then did Jenny realize the real source of confidence comes from his effort rather than the watch.
