选择性必修第二册Unit 4单元词汇默写本
Ⅰ. 核心单词
1. ________________ n. 风景; 景色
2. ________________ n. 持续时间; 期间
3. ________________ n. 烤面包片; 吐司; 干杯 vt. 为……干杯 vi. 烤(尤指面包)
4. ________________ adj. 令人惊叹的; 可怕的; 很好的
5. ________________ adj. 壮观的; 壮丽的; 惊人的
6. ________________ adj. 准备前往(某地); 一定会
7. ________________ adv. 字面上; 真正地
8. ________________ vt. 突出; 强调; 使醒目
n. 最好或最精彩的部分
9. ________________ vi. 起身; 出现; 由……引起
10. ________________ vi. 行进; 继续做
Ⅱ. 拓展单词
1. astonish vt. 使十分惊讶; 使吃惊→________________ n. 惊讶→________________ adj. 令人吃惊的→________________ adj. 感到吃惊的
2. freeze v. 结冰; (使)冻住→________________ adj. 极冷的; 冰冻的→________________adj. 冷冻的
3. anticipate vt. 预料; 预见; 期望→________________ n. 预料; 期望
4. frost vt. 使蒙上霜 vi. 结霜n. 霜; 严寒天气; 霜冻→________________ adj. 结霜的; 严寒的
5. please v. 取悦; 使高兴→________________ adj. 令人愉悦的 → ________________ adj. 感到愉悦的
6. coherence n. 连贯性→________________ adj. 有条理的; 清楚易懂的
7. photograph v. 拍照 n. 照片→________________ n. 摄影师; 拍照者
8. mist n. 薄雾; 水汽 → ________________ adj. 多雾的; 模糊的
9. breathe v. 呼吸→________________ n. 呼吸的空气→________________ adj. 上气不接下气的
10. advertise v. 做广告→________________ n. 广告; 启事
III.核心短语
1. ________________ 令人惊叹
2. ________________ 一束; 一串; 一群; 大量
3. ________________ 进而做(参加)
4. ________________ 极冷的; 冻僵的
5. ________________ 在远处
6. ________________ 相反的; 相对立的
7. ________________ 欠(某人情); 把……归功于某人
8. ________________ 利用
9. ________________ 谋生
10. ________________ 是……的特色
IV.经典句式
1. 句型公式: that 引导定语从句
Despite the weather, they were able to take a boat ride out into the bay, and later visit an island ________________.
尽管天气不好, 他们还是乘船去了海湾, 然后参观了一个小岛, 那里有卖工艺品和古董的商店。
2. 句型公式: 现在分词作状语
________________, they both agreed that it was the most awesome journey they had ever taken.
看着美丽的风景, 她们都认为这是她们所经历过的最好的一次旅行。
3. 句型公式: 过去分词作方式状语
________________, the mountains and forests of Canada looked massive.
从火车窗户看去, 加拿大的山峦和森林显得雄伟壮观。
参考答案
Ⅰ. 核心单词
1. scenery n. 风景; 景色
2. duration n. 持续时间; 期间
3. toast n. 烤面包片; 吐司; 干杯
vt. 为……干杯 vi. 烤(尤指面包)
4. awesome adj. 令人惊叹的; 可怕的; 很好的
5. spectacular adj. 壮观的; 壮丽的; 惊人的
6. bound adj. 准备前往(某地); 一定会
7. literally adv. 字面上; 真正地
8. highlight vt. 突出; 强调; 使醒目
n. 最好或最精彩的部分
9. arise vi. 起身; 出现; 由……引起
10. proceed vi. 行进; 继续做
Ⅱ. 拓展单词
1. astonish vt. 使十分惊讶; 使吃惊→astonishment n. 惊讶→astonishing adj. 令人吃惊的→astonished adj. 感到吃惊的
2. freeze v. 结冰; (使)冻住→freezing adj. 极冷的; 冰冻的→frozen adj. 冷冻的
3. anticipate vt. 预料; 预见; 期望→anticipation n. 预料; 期望
4. frost vt. 使蒙上霜 vi. 结霜n. 霜; 严寒天气; 霜冻→frosty adj. 结霜的; 严寒的
5. please v. 取悦; 使高兴→pleasant adj. 令人愉悦的 → pleased adj. 感到愉悦的
6. coherence n. 连贯性→coherent adj. 有条理的; 清楚易懂的
7. photograph v. 拍照 n. 照片→photographer n. 摄影师; 拍照者
8. mist n. 薄雾; 水汽 → misty adj. 多雾的; 模糊的
9. breathe v. 呼吸→breath n. 呼吸的空气→breathless adj. 上气不接下气的
10. advertise v. 做广告→advertisement n. 广告; 启事
III.核心短语
1. take one’s breath away 令人惊叹
2. a bunch of 一束; 一串; 一群; 大量
3. proceed to sth. 进而做(参加)
4. freezing cold 极冷的; 冻僵的
5. in the distance 在远处
6. contrary to 相反的; 相对立的
7. owe sth. to sb. 欠(某人情); 把……归功于某人
8. make use of 利用
9. make a living 谋生
10. be typical of 是……的特色
IV.经典句式
1. 句型公式: that 引导定语从句
Despite the weather, they were able to take a boat ride out into the bay, and later visit an island that had wonderful shops selling crafts and antiques.
尽管天气不好, 他们还是乘船去了海湾, 然后参观了一个小岛, 那里有卖工艺品和古董的商店。
2. 句型公式: 现在分词作状语
Looking at the beautiful scenery, they both agreed that it was the most awesome journey they had ever taken.
看着美丽的风景, 她们都认为这是她们所经历过的最好的一次旅行。
3. 句型公式: 过去分词作方式状语
Seen from the train window, the mountains and forests of Canada looked massive.
从火车窗户看去, 加拿大的山峦和森林显得雄伟壮观。选择性必修二 Unit 4 Journey across a Vast Land
Ⅰ. 单句语法填空
1. (2020·新高考全国Ⅰ卷) Always make your presentation just a bit shorter than __________(anticipate).
2. (2020·浙江高考)Taking pictures of polar bears is amazing but also dangerous. Polar bears — like all wild animals —should __________ (photograph) from a safe distance.
3. (2019·北京高考)Since he first started volunteering his car to the young people, Wilson has covered an __________ (astonish)64, 000 miles, and has had countless pleasant and often humorous conversations with the students he transports to and from school.
4. (2019·全国卷Ⅱ)Still, most of us volunteers __________ (breath) a sigh of relief when the season comes to a close.
5. (2019·天津高考)Submit a first draft of your essay, performance script, or documentary __________ (highlight).
Ⅱ. 完成句子
1. __________________, smart phones not only take up our valuable time, but also do great harm to our health.
正相反, 智能手机不仅占用我们宝贵的时间而且还对我们的健康有害。
2. Seeing their favorite star come in, __________________
看到最喜欢的明星进来了, 这些忠实的粉丝立马从座位上站了起来。
3. __________________ his son had been caught cheating in the exams.
他的儿子考试作弊被抓住了, 这使他大为吃惊。
4. He __________________ his first teacher of English that he had a good pronunciation.
他良好的发音归功于他的第一位英语老师。
5. __________________ today Chinese is one of the most important languages in the world.
毫无疑问, 汉语是当今世界上最重要的语言之一。
Ⅲ. 语法填空
Few people I know seem to have much desire or time to cook. Making Chinese 1. __________(dish) is seen as especially troublesome. Many westerners
2. __________ come to China cook much less than in their own countries once they realize how cheap 3. __________ can be to eat out. I still remember 4. __________
(visit) a friend who’d lived here for five years and I 5. __________(shock) when I learnt she hadn’t cooked once in all that time.
While regularly eating out seems to 6. __________(become) common for many young people in recent years, it’s not without a cost. The obvious one is money; eating out once or twice a week may be 7. __________(afford) but doing this most days adds up. There could be an even 8. _______ (high) cost on your health. Researchers have found that there is a direct link between the increase in food eaten outside the home and the rise in 9. __________(weigh) problems.
If you are not going to suffer this problem, then I suggest that the next time you go to your mum’s home 10. _______ dinner, get a few cooking tips from her. Cooking food can be fun. You might also begin to notice the effects not only on your health but in your pocket.
IV.阅读理解
A
Science fiction paints a future where robots play an important part in everyday life. A technology firm is trying to make that future a reality today with an affordable robot called Artibo. Artibo is small. Its brain, or AI block, is a cube (立方体)that fits in your hand. That block connects to a motor block and two silicon wheels. Assembled, it’s about four inches tall.
Artibo is much more than just a robot that you program to move around. Artibo’s designers want it to provide companionship and be a resource for learning coding. With its camera, microphone and connection to a cloud-based AI, it can respond to voice commands or function like a walkie-talkie(对讲机). It talks like a chatbot and can tell bedtime stories. It can even help you learn other languages!
Artibo isn’t quite ready for stores yet, though. It’s part of a crowdfunding project. Crowdfunding is a program where you put a request online to a crowd of people. Supporters can then pay large or small amounts to help you finish a project. Artibo will first be available to people who have paid to help bring it into production.
Using computer code to program your own toys is nothing new. LEGO first released a robot kit in 1998. Since then, programmable robots have become one of the best-selling units in the LEGO product line. Programming robots might sound comparable to rocket science, but anyone can program one using nothing more than a tablet or a smartphone and code blocks.
Code blocks allow you to program simple or complex commands by assembling visual blocks of code on the canvas ( 画 布 )of a computer screen. Just drag and drop a variety of code blocks from a programming menu link them together, and watch how your robot responds. In Artibo’s case coding doesn’t stop there. Unlike other similar programmable toys, Artibo will also allow you to write your own code. So as your familiarity with coding increases, you won’t lose interest in Artibo.
1. According to the passage, the purpose of developing Artibo is______.
A. helping people learn anything they want and providing companionship
B. providing a robot that can move, accompany and help people learn coding
C. chatting with people, telling bedtime stories and supplying languages
D. helping people raise money on line and creating programmable robots
2. What can be concluded from the passage
A. Programming robots is not really complicated.
B. Programming robots is advanced like a rocket.
C. Programming robots can be used in smartphones.
D. Programming robots used in toys is not new at all.
3. The passage implies that______.
A. people can program various orders even without code blocks
B. anyone can control Artibo freely unlike other programming toys
C. the more familiar you’re with coding, the more you’ll like Artibo
D. artibo is popular in the world especially among young people
B
For several decades, there has been an extensive and organized campaign intended to generate distrust in science, funded by regulated industries and libertarian think tanks(自由主义智囊团)whose interests and beliefs are threatened by the findings of modern science. In response, scientists have tended to stress the success of science. After all, scientists have been right about most things, from the structure of the universe to the relativity of time and space.
Quoting successes isn’t wrong, but for many people it’s not persuasive. What is typically declared to be the scientific method—develop a supposition, then design an experiment to test it—isn’t what scientists actually do. Science is active so that new methods get invented and old ones get abandoned. The scientific method doesn’t always work. False theories can produce true results, so even if an experiment works, it doesn’t prove that the theory it was designed to test is true.
If there is no identifiable scientific method then what is the guarantee for trust in science
The answer is the methods by which those claims are evaluated. A scientific claim is never accepted as true until it has gone through a long process of examination by fellow scientists. Until this point, scientific feedback is typically fairly friendly. But the next step is different: once the paper is ready, it is presented to a scientific journal, where things get a whole lot tougher. Editors deliberately send scientific papers to people who are not friends or colleagues of the authors, and the job of the reviewers is to find errors or other inadequacies. We call this process “peer review” because the reviewers are scientific peers but they act in the role of a superior who has both the right and the obligation to find fault. It is only after the reviewers and the editor are satisfied that any problems have been fixed that the paper is accepted for publication and enters the body of “science. ”
Does this process ever go wrong Of course. Scientists are human. But if we look carefully at historical cases where science went wrong, typically there was no agreement reached by all. Some people argue that we should not trust science because scientists are “always changing their minds”. While examples of truly settled science being overturned are far fewer than is sometimes claimed, they do exist. But the beauty of this scientific process is that it explains what might otherwise appear paradoxical(矛盾的): that science produces both novelty(新颖性)and stability. New observations, ideas, interpretations introduce novelty: transformative questioning leads to collective decisions and the stability of scientific knowledge. Scientists do change their minds in the face of new evidence, but this is a strength of science, not a weakness.
1. Distrust in science has been found because ______.
A. scientists’ citing successes isn’t persuasive for many people to some extent
B. most scientists have tended to lay too much emphasis on the success of science
C. a wide-ranging and organized campaign has been founded in some industries and think tanks
D. someone’s benefits and beliefs are endangered by the findings of modern science
2. Which of the following statements will the author agree with about a scientific method
A. A scientific method doesn’t necessarily take effect because science is changing.
B. A scientific method is not right because it isn’t what scientists actually do.
C. A successful experiment can guarantee the truthfulness of a claim by a scientific method.
D. True theories can produce false results because the scientific method doesn’t work.
3. What purpose does “peer review” in evaluating a scientific claim mainly serve
A. The scientific claim can be completely accepted by the reviewers in the same field.
B. The scientific peers can draw right conclusions by finding its faults or other inadequacies.
C. The scientific claim can be published and recognized as true in science.
D. The scientific paper can be successfully submitted to a scientific journal.
4. It can be inferred from the last paragraph that ______.
A. not all the claims about the falsehood of well-established science lead to its being overturned
B. it is inevitable that science sometimes goes wrong because it appears paradoxical
C. the beauty of science lies in the paradox of being both novel and stable
D. science is not trustful because scientists always change their minds
V.七选五
Friends should always be honest with you, right So when they lie, it can be really hard to take. You want to trust your friends and that means knowing that they’ll tell it to you straight no matter what it is. 1 Why does this happen
2
One of the biggest reasons friends lie is simply to avoid hurting your feelings. Some people don’t understand the difference between being gently honest with a friend and being so straightforward that they leave a verbal wound. They choose to avoid these two extremes in the form of a lie.
They feel embarrassed.
Sometimes friends will lie about things in their life because they are too embarrassed to admit the truth. Maybe they are going through a rough time and they just don’t want you to know about it. Avoid trying to badger ( 纠 缠 ) your friends into telling you what’s wrong. 3
Avoid an argument with you.
Perhaps your friends know that if they tell you the truth, you’ll get angry with them. Make sure that if a friend tells you something unpleasant, you don’t overact. 4 If you do end up arguing, do it in a respectable way.
Exclude you.
Lying isn’t always a sign that friends are trying to protect you, however. 5 When you find out with certainty that your friend is lying to you, try and face it. If you feel your friend is lying because he or she doesn’t want to be around you, that’s your wake-up to move on.
A. Protect your feelings.
B. They want to be your closer friends.
C. But a friend who lies isn’t always trying to hurt you.
D. Consider what’s being said and why your friend is telling you this.
E. Being honest and making a sincere effort can keep the friendship strong.
F. Sometimes they lie because they don’t want you to be included in their plans.
G. Instead, make it clear that you are there for them when and if they are ready to talk.
VI.完形填空
Have you ever traveled around by bike This spring my older brother and I 1 the busy city and spent a long weekend cycling in the countryside. Our speed was only around 14 kph, but we didn’t 2 . We hadn’t come to break any speed records, after all. All we wanted were some 3 air and a break from schoolwork.
We really 4 ourselves while cycling along traffic-free country paths. There was plenty of sunshine, but it was quite cold, 5 in the mornings. The good news was that soon we 6 as we rode along. Our only 7 was when my brakes started making a terrible noise. But I didn’t care as it gave us an 8 to visit a café while a bike mechanic (机修工) had a look at it.
Every few kilometres there was a 9 where we could talk with local people. One of the women was very 10 and showed us the way when we got lost. On Saturday night we were 11 at 2 a. m. by some young people. They kept singing loudly in the next room, which made us sleepless all night. We felt very 12 when we got up the next morning. Soon we 13 . We were more cheerful on the way when the sun came out. Luckily, things like that happened only once. Anyway I still like traveling around by bike — it’s 14 and it’s fun. If you’re looking for a short break that’s active and cheap, then cycling is a great 15 !
1. A. left B. visited C. found D. reached
2. A. regret B. mind C. fail D. realize
3. A. fresh B. thin C. cool D. dry
4. A. hurt B. hated C. changed D. enjoyed
5. A. probably B. especially C. specially D. immediately
6. A. came back B. gave up C. warmed up D. calmed down
7. A. wish B. problem C. decision D. memory
8. A. order B. opinion C. excuse D. explanation
9. A. city B. lake C. school D. village
10. A. friendly B. honest C. stupid D. nervous
11. A. saved B. paid C. woken D. greeted
12. A. shy B. busy C. bored D. tired
13. A. set off B. called back C. settled down D. broke down
14. A. true B. simple C. difficult D. dangerous
15. A. goal B. dream C. result D. choice
参考答案
Ⅰ.1. Always make your presentation just a bit shorter than anticipated(anticipate).
2. Taking pictures of polar bears is amazing but also dangerous. Polar bears — like all wild animals —should be photographed (photograph) from a safe distance.
3. Since he first started volunteering his car to the young people, Wilson has covered an astonishing (astonish)64, 000 miles, and has had countless pleasant and often humorous conversations with the students he transports to and from school.
4.Still, most of us volunteers breathe (breath) a sigh of relief when the season comes to a close.
5.Submit a first draft of your essay, performance script, or documentary highlights (highlight).
Ⅱ.1. On the contrary, smart phones not only take up our valuable time, but also do great harm to our health.
2. Seeing their favorite star come in, the devoted fans arose from their seats immediately.
3. What astonished him was that his son had been caught cheating in the exams.
4. He owed it to his first teacher of English that he had a good pronunciation.
5. There is no doubt that today Chinese is one of the most important languages in the world.
Ⅲ. 【文章大意】因为做饭麻烦, 所以很多人到饭馆吃饭, 但经常这样不仅浪费钱, 还容易发胖, 导致健康问题。
1. dishes。考查名词复数。此处用名词复数泛指中国菜。
2. who/that。考查定语从句。先行词指人, 故用who/that 引导定语从句, 并在从句中作主语。
3. it。考查代词。it作形式主语, 不定式to eat out为真正的主语。
4. visiting。考查非谓语动词。remember doing sth. “记得做过某事”, 为固定搭配。
5. was shocked。考查时态和语态。此处动作与后面的when I learnt. . . 发生时间一致, 应为过去时; I 和shock之间为被动关系, 指“我”感到震惊, 故此处为过去时的被动语态。
6. have become。考查时态。根据后面的时间状语in recent years可知, 此处应该用现在完成时。
7. affordable。考查词性转换。根据语境可知此处作表语, 所以要用形容词形式。
8. higher。考查形容词比较级。根据even可判断, 此处要用形容词的比较级, 表示付出比钱更高的代价。
9. weight。考查词性转换。表示体重方面的问题, 要用名词作定语。
10. for。考查介词。此处go to. . . for. . . 构成搭配, 表示目的。
IV.
A
1.【解析】选B。细节理解题。根据第二段中Artibo is much more than just a robot that you program to move around. Artibo’s designers want it to provide companionship and be a resource for learning coding. 阿蒂博不仅仅是一个你可以随意移动的机器人。阿蒂博的设计者希望它能提供陪伴, 并成为学习编程的资源。可知阿蒂博机器人不仅能移动, 也能提供陪伴, 帮助学习编程。故选B项。
2.【解析】选A。推理判断题。根据第四段中Programming robots might sound comparable to rocket science, but anyone can program one using nothing more than a tablet or a smartphone and code blocks. 编程机器人可能听起来像火箭科学, 但任何人都可以用平板电脑或智能手机和代码块为机器人编程。可知, 编程机器人真的并不复杂。故选A项。
3.【解析】选C。推理判断题。根据最后一段中Unlike other similar programmable toys, Artibo will also allow you to write your own code. So as your familiarity with coding increases, you won’t lose interest in Artibo. 与其他类似的可编程玩具不同, 阿蒂博还允许你编写自己的代码。因此, 随着你对编码的熟悉程度的增加, 你不会对阿蒂博失去兴趣。可知, 你对编码越熟悉, 就越喜欢阿蒂博。故选C项。
B
1.【解析】选D。细节理解题。根据第一段第一句可知, 几十年来, 有一个广泛的、有组织的运动, 目的是产生对科学的不信任, 由受管制的行业和自由主义智囊团资助, 他们的利益和信仰受到现代科学发现的威胁。由此可知, 人们发现对科学的不信任是因为某些人的利益和信仰受到现代科学发现的威胁, 故D项正确。
2.【解析】选A。推理判断题。根据第二段中的“Science is active so that new methods get invented and old ones get abandoned. The scientific method doesn’t always work. ”科学是活跃的, 新方法被发明, 旧方法被抛弃, 所以科学的方法并不总是有效的。可知, 作者可能会同意“科学方法不一定有效, 因为科学正在发生变化”这一说法, 故A项正确。
3.【解析】选C。细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中的最后两句“我们称这个过程为同行评审, 因为评审人员是科学上的同行, 但是他们扮演着上级的角色, 有权利也有义务找出错误, 只有在审稿人和编辑满意之后, 任何问题都得到了解决, 论文才会被接受发表并进入科学领域。”可知, 在评估一项科学声明时, 同行评审的主要目的是说明这一科学论断可以在科学领域上发表并被认为是正确的, 故C项正确。
4.【解析】选A。推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“While examples of truly settled science being overturned are far fewer than is sometimes claimed, they do exist. ”虽然真正解决的科学被推翻的例子比有时声称的要少得多, 但它们确实存在。可知, 并非所有关于公认科学的谬误的说法都会导致它被推翻, 故A项正确。
V.【文章大意】这是一篇说明文。文章分析了朋友对你说谎的四种原因并给出了对应的处理办法。
1. 【解析】选C。根据后文Why does this happen 为什么会这样 结合后文分析了朋友对你撒谎的原因可知, 说谎的朋友并不总是试图伤害你。故选C。
2. 【解析】选A。根据本段第一句One of the biggest reasons friends lie is simply to avoid hurting your feelings. 句意: 朋友说谎的最大原因之一就是避免伤害你的感情。由此可知, 本段说明了朋友撒谎是为了保护你的感受。故选A。
3. 【解析】选G。根据上文Avoid trying to badger your friends into telling you what’s wrong. 句意: 不要纠缠你的朋友, 让他们告诉你出了什么事。由此可知, 朋友对你撒谎是因为自己正在经历艰难的时期, 因此最好的做法是不要纠缠你的朋友, 而是在他们准备好跟你谈心的时候, 清楚地告诉他们你在他们身边陪伴他们。故选G。
4. 【解析】选D。结合上文Perhaps your friends know that if they tell you the truth, you’ll get angry with them. Make sure that if a friend tells you something unpleasant, you don’t overact. 句意: 也许你的朋友知道如果他们告诉你真相, 你会生他们的气。确保如果朋友告诉你一些不愉快的事情, 你不要反应过度。由此可知, 朋友对你撒谎可能是为了避免和你发生争执, 避免让你生气, 所以在朋友告诉你真相的时候, 你应该冷静想想他们说了什么, 以及为什么要跟你说这些。故选D。
5. 【解析】选F。根据上文Lying isn’t always a sign that friends are trying to protect you, however. 句意: 然而, 撒谎并不总是朋友试图保护你的信号。以及最后一句If you feel your friend is lying because he or she doesn’t want to be around you, that’s your wake-up to move on. 句意: 如果你觉得你的朋友在说谎, 因为他或她不想和你在一起, 那是你继续前进的警钟。可知, 有时候朋友们对你撒谎仅仅是因为他们不想跟你在一起, 不想让你加入他们的计划。故选F。
VI.【文章大意】本文是一篇记叙文。作者讲述了自己和哥哥在周末骑自行车去乡下游玩的经历。
1.【解析】选A。由该空后的“spent a long weekend cycling in the countryside”可知, 哥哥和“我”“离开(left)”繁忙的城市去了乡下。
2.【解析】选B。由该空后的“We hadn’t come to break any speed records”可知, 我们的车速只有14千米每小时, 但是我们并不“介意(mind)”。
3.【解析】选A。从城市来到乡下应该是想呼吸一下“新鲜的(fresh)”空气。
4.【解析】选D。由该空后的“cycling along traffic-free country paths”可知, 在没有汽车的乡间小路上, 我们无忧无虑地骑着自行车, 十分享受。enjoy oneself“过得愉快”。
5.【解析】选B。 “特别(especially)”是早上非常冷。
6.【解析】选C。由上文的“it was quite cold”和“The good news”可知, 我们骑了一会儿自行车感觉“暖和多了(warmed up)”。
7.【解析】选B。由该空后的“my brakes started making a terrible noise”可知, 这里是说“问题(problem)”。
8.【解析】选C。由该空后的“visit a café while a bike mechanic had a look at it”可知, 趁着机修工帮我们修自行车, 我们就有“借口(excuse)”去咖啡馆逛一逛了。
9.【解析】选D。由上文的“the countryside”和该空格后的“we could talk with local people”可知, 这里是说每隔几千米就有一个“村庄(village)”。
10.【解析】选A。由该空后的“showed us the way when we got lost”可知, 这位妇女非常“友好(friendly)”。
11.【解析】选C。由下文的“They kept singing loudly in the next room”可知, 我们被隔壁的一些年轻人“吵醒(woken)”了。
12.【解析】选D。一晚上没有休息好, 所以早上起来后应该感觉很“累(tired)”。
13.【解析】选A。由该空格后的“We were more cheerful on the way”可知, 很快我们就“出发(set off)”了。
14.【解析】选B。骑着自行车游玩既“简单(simple)”又快乐。
15.【解析】选D。总览全文可知, 作者认为骑自行车游玩是一个很好的“选择(choice)”。(共40张PPT)
选择性必修二 Unit 4 Journey across a Vast Land
Ⅰ. 重点词汇
1. arise vi. 出现; 发生; 起床; 起身
【教材原句】
The next morning, the two girls arose early to take the train to Lake Louise, passing through the Canadian Rockies. (P38)第二天早上, 两个女孩早早起床, 坐火车去路易斯湖, 穿过加拿大的落基山脉。
【词块必记】
arise from/out of 因……产生 由……引起
【知识拓展】
原形 过去式 过去分词 现在分词
arise (vi. ) 出现; 发生 arose arisen arising
rise (vi. ) 升起; 起身; 增长; 上升 rose risen rising
raise (vt. ) 举起; 唤起; 提高; 饲养 raised raised raising
【知识微练】 用arise, rise, raise的适当形式填空
①As is known to us, the sun ____ in the east and sets in the west.
②Years of experience in driving made Mr Black convinced that he could deal
with emergencies ______ at any time
③_______people’s awareness of protecting the environment, we launched a
campaign.
rises
arising
To raise
【典句赏析】
Mistakes often arise from carelessness. As a result, we should bear in mind that details determine whether we can succeed or not.
失误往往是由粗心引起的。因此我们要牢记细节决定成败。
2. astonish vt. 使十分惊讶; 使吃惊
【典型例句】
When I went to the kitchen to get my breakfast, I was astonished at what I saw.
当我去厨房吃早饭的时候, 我被眼前的一切惊呆了。
【词块必记】
(1) astonishing adj. 令人感到惊讶的
(2) astonished adj. 感到惊讶的
be astonished at/by sth. 因/对某事感到惊讶
(3) astonishment n. 惊讶
to one’s astonishment 令某人惊讶的是
【知识微练】 单句语法填空
①It was __________ (astonish) that she should accept such a challenging job.
②Lindsey’s husband was totally __________ (astonish) by the unexpected visit.
③To our great ____________, he wasn’t __________ at the __________ news
at all. (astonish)
astonishing
astonished
astonishment
astonished
astonishing
【典句赏析】
When the man came in, knife in hand, we all stood there, astonished. 这个人手里拿着刀进来了, 我们吃惊地站在那里。
3. bound adj. 准备前往(某地); 注定
【教材原句】
They spent the night, and then took a coach bound north through the Canadian Rockies to Jasper. (P38)
她们过了一夜, 然后乘坐长途汽车, 向北穿越加拿大的落基山脉, 来到贾斯珀。
【词块必记】
be bound for sp. 开往某地
be bound to do sth. 注定做某事
【知识微练】 单句语法填空
①Children are bound _______(meet) with setbacks as they grow up, so their
parents don’t have to worry about it.
②He got on a Russian plane bound ___ Berlin.
【典句赏析】
With your diligence and concentration, you are bound to succeed in entering
an ideal university.
以你的勤奋和专心, 你一定会成功地进入一所理想的大学。
to meet
for
4. pleasant adj. 令人愉快的; 友好的
【典型例句】 Your letter calls up those pleasant days when we worked together.
你的来信使我想起了我们在一起工作的愉快的日子。
【词块必记】
(1) pleased adj. 高兴的; 满意的
be pleased to do sth. 做某事很高兴
be pleased with sth. 对某事感到满意
(2) please v. 使高兴
(3) pleasure n. 快乐; 乐事
for pleasure 为了消遣
with pleasure 当然了, 很愿意
(4) unpleasant adj. 令人不悦的
【知识微练】 单句语法填空
①Yesterday, I read a story, whose ending is ________ (please). The prince killed the
monster and saved the princess in the end and they have lived happily ever since.
②There is no greater ________ (please) than lying on the grass, staring at the night
sky.
③I feel especially _______(please) while (I am) walking in the spring rain.
pleasant
pleasure
pleased
【典句赏析】
I am more than pleased to know you are invited to a dinner party by your Chinese friend.
知道你被你的中国朋友邀请参加晚宴我非常高兴。
Ⅱ. 核心短语
5. take sb. ‘s breath away 令人惊叹
【教材原句】
When the train arrived at the station, they took a taxi to Lake Louise, where the blue water literally took their breath away with its exceptional beauty. (P38)
火车抵达车站后, 她们乘坐一辆出租车到路易斯湖, 那里湛蓝的湖水异常美丽, 令她们惊叹不已。
【词块必记】
hold one’s breath 屏住呼吸
catch one’s breath 喘息; 恢复正常呼吸
lose one’s breath 喘不过气来
take a deep breath 深呼吸
out of breath 上气不接下气
breathe v. 呼吸
【知识微练】 用breath短语填空
①They reached the company ____________only to be told they were fired.
②_________________, and then you may feel relaxed.
③While climbing up the stairs the old man always ______________.
④The race was so close that everyone was __________________at the finish.
【典句赏析】
In order to dance well, she sometimes practiced dancing until she was too tired to
keep practicing, lying on the ground out of breath. 为了跳好舞, 她有时会一直
练到筋疲力尽, 躺在地上上气不接下气。
out of breath
Take a deep breath
loses his breath
holding their breath
【补充要点】
1. freeze vi. &vt. 结冰; (使)冻住
【教材原句】
Edmonton is freezing cold in winter, with daily temperatures averaging -10℃. (P38)
埃德蒙顿在冬天冷得要命, 平均日气温为零下十摄氏度。
【词块必记】
(1)原形freeze—过去式froze—过去分词frozen
(2)freezing adj. 寒冷的
(3)frozen adj. 冷冻的; 结冰的
【知识微练】 单句语法填空
①It is _______ outside now, and more snow is falling on already ______ streets.
(freeze)
②Between the outside and the inside walls of the bowl, there is some jelly,
which ______ (freeze) when cooled.
【典句赏析】
Hearing the unexpected news, he froze and couldn’t move an inch. 听到这个
意外的消息, 他呆住了一下也动不了。
freezing
frozen
freezes
2. anticipate vt. 预料; 预见; 期望
【教材原句】
However, they did not anticipate seeing such an open country, and were truly amazed. (P39)然而她们没有预料到会看到这样一片开阔的国土, 真的很惊讶。
【词块必记】
(1)anticipate doing sth. 预料到做某事
(2)anticipation n. 预料; 期望
【知识微练】 单句语法填空
①_________________(anticipate) this major problem, the company took a series
of methods to make sure the project would go as smoothly as possible.
②He bought extra food in the ___________ (anticipate) that more people would
come than he had invited.
Having anticipated
anticipation
3. contrary adj. 相反的; 相对立的 n. 相反的事实(或事情)
【典型例句】
We shouldn’t look down upon the disabled; on the contrary, we should help them.
我们不应该歧视残疾人, 相反地, 我们应该帮助他们。
【词块必记】
(1)be contrary to 与……相反
(2)on the contrary 恰恰相反
(3)to the contrary 相反地
【知识微练】 翻译句子
①Being too anxious to help an event develop often results in
the contrary to our intention.
___________________________
②He seems to be giving the impression that he didn’t enjoy himself in Paris.
On the contrary, he had a wonderful time.
________________________________________________________
“拔苗助长”往往会事与愿违。
他看起来在巴黎玩得不开心。而事实恰恰相反, 他过得很愉快。
【典句赏析】
My sister’s taste in dresses is contrary to my own.
在服装方面, 我妹妹的爱好和我完全不同。
4. owe sth. to sb. 欠(某人情); 把……归功于某人
【典型例句】
He owed his achievement to hard work and determination to succeed.
他把他的成就归功于辛勤的工作和必胜的决心。
【词块必记】
owe sb. sth. =owe sth. to sb.
owing to因为, 由于
【知识拓展】
其他表示 “因为, 由于”的词组:
because of, as a result of, on account of, due to, thanks to等。
【知识微练】 单句语法填空
Having witnessed the whole process, he knew he _____ (owe) his friend a
heartful apology.
owed
【典句赏析】
①It is owing to his optimism and perseverance that he was admitted into Peking University.
正是他的乐观和坚持使他被北京大学录取。
②I must say I owe all the achievements to the encouragement and help from you.
我必须说我所有的成就源于你的鼓励和帮助。
5. Standing in the distance, they were astonished to see misty clouds rising from the great Niagara Falls, which is on the south side of the lake.
她们站在远处眺望, 看到湖的南边从尼亚加拉大瀑布上升腾而起的水雾, 感到非常震撼。
【句型公式】
现在分词作状语表示主动与进行。
(1) Hearing the news, they all jumped for joy.
听到这个消息, 他们都高兴地跳了起来。(时间状语)
(2)Not knowing her address or phone number, we couldn’t get in touch with her.
由于不知道她的地址和电话号码, 我们无法与她取得联系。(原因状语)
(3)Following Tom, we started to climb.
我们跟随汤姆开始爬山。(方式状语/伴随状语)
(4)The fire lasted a whole night, causing great damage.
大火持续了一整夜, 造成了巨大的损失。(结果状语)
【知识微练】 单句语法填空
①Nervously ______ (face) challenges, I know I will whisper to myself the two
simple words “Be yourself”.
②On the last day of our week-long stay, we were invited to attend a private concert
on a beautiful farm on the North Shore under the stars, ________(listen)to musicians
and meeting interesting locals.
③______________(suffer) such heavy pollution, it may now be too late to clean
up the river.
facing
listening
Having suffered
【典句赏析】 Not knowing how to solve this problem, I am writing to you hoping you can give me some advice.
我不知道怎么解决这个问题, 我给你写这封信希望你能够给我一些建议。
IV.话题写作
得知你准备去英国旅游, 想了解有关英国的历史文化, 你的英国朋友写了一封简要的介绍文章, 内容包括:
1. 英国地理位置;
2. 英国历史地位。
注意:
词数80左右。
Step 1 写作技巧
1. 词汇提升(短语升级)
The full name of the UK is“The United Kingdom of Great Britain and
Northern Ireland”, which is made up of four countries.
→The full name of the UK is“The United Kingdom of Great Britain and
Northern Ireland”, which _________four countries.
consists of
2. 句式多变 (过去分词短语作状语)
The UK lies in the northwest of Europe and is separated from the Europe
Continent by the English Channel.
→__________the northwest of Europe, the UK is separated from the Europe
Continent by the English Channel.
Located in
3. 逻辑严谨(补充引导词)
Until today it is still a highly influential world power. Its capital London is
Europe’s largest and most international city.
→Until today it is still a highly influential world power ______ capital
London is Europe’s largest and most international city.
whose
Step 2 妙笔成篇
The full name of the UK is“The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland”, which consists of four countries-England, Wales, Scotland and Northern Ireland, among which England is the largest one. Located in the northwest of Europe, the UK is separated from the Europe Continent by the English Channel. As the first industrial country, the UK used to be the strongest country in the world from the 18th century to the early 20th century. Until today it is still a highly influential world power whose capital London is Europe’s largest and most international city.选择性必修第二册Unit 4综合能力检测
第一部分 听力 (共两节, 满分30分)（略）
第二部分 阅读(共两节, 满分50分)
第一节(共15小题; 每小题2. 5分, 满分37. 5分)
阅读下列短文, 从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
If you are looking for a vacation to a beautiful beach town, each state on the East Coast has something new to offer. Here you can find the best cities along the East Coast based on a departure (离开) from Los Angeles.
Savannah, Georgia
Round-trip flight cost: $ 415
Walking tours of the city’s attractions are led by local historians, and you can know more about the famous squares and see the bench where Forrest Gump sat. There is also a free tour to Forsyth Park, home to a 300-year-old Candler Oak tree. Visitors can also stay at the Forsyth Park, which includes a spa, restaurant and cooking school.
Charleston, South Carolina
Round-trip flight cost: $519
You don’t have to travel to Europe to visit one of the world’s best spots. Charleston made Travel and Leisure’s 2018 list of the top 15 international cities. It was also ranked the No. 1 U. S. city for the sixth year in a row in 2018. You can enjoy the sunshine for free at Folly Beach and watch the sunset from the pier (码头).
Block Island, Rhode Island
Round-trip flight cost: $358
There are no flights from Los Angeles directly to Block Island, but a round-trip flight to Providence, Rhode Island. There you can make your way to Block Island and visit 1661 Farms and Gardens, which is home to kangaroos, camels, ducks, goats and much more. Southeast Lighthouse here is praised for its beautiful views of the Atlantic Ocean.
Roanoke, Virginia
Round-trip flight cost: $517
Take advantage of the arts and crafts trips, hiking paths and waterfall stops all along the Blue Ridge Parkway. If you don’t want to stay outdoors, visit the Taubman Museum of Art for free. The museum has a collection of over 2, 100 pieces from around the world and hosts special exhibits(展览会) throughout the year.
21. What do tours in Savannah allow visitors to do
A. Learn about the history of the city.
B. Help plant trees in Forsyth Park.
C. Attend a cooking school for free.
D. Watch an open-air movie.
22. Block Island is best suitable for visitors who .
A. are unwilling to travel by air
B. love to spend time with animals
C. want to appreciate works of art
D. prefer enjoying the mountain view
23. At which place can visitors have both outdoor and indoor tours
A. Savannah. B. Charleston.
C. Block Island D. Roanoke.
B
I picked up my two best friends and we were off on a road trip. I had just returned to America from a year abroad in China. So, naturally I wanted to take a trip to Canada.
Montreal, the second largest city in Canada, is a four-hour drive from my home in New Hampshire. We felt a thrill as we crossed the border into Canada. It was the first time I had ever driven across an international border. We turned on the radio to try and find some Canadian stations.
After dropping off our bags at our hotel, we were immediately walking down the famous St Catherine’s Street. While we walked, two things surprised us: how cold it was and how well everyone dressed. The streets of Montreal are like a fashion show. Both men and women look like they stepped out of the pages of a magazine.
All of that fashion has to keep them warm since Montreal is so cold. Last year it broke the record for the most snowfall in North America. To hide from the cold we went into a small diner because we wanted to order Poutine, a very popular snack in Montreal. It is French fries covered in cheese and brown gravy (肉汁). It is delicious.
However, we had a hard time ordering the dish since the official language of Montreal is French. It is actually the fifth largest French-speaking city in the world. But since the rest of Canada speak English, plenty of people were there to help.
We spent the rest of the weekend going to many historical churches and monuments in Montreal. But at night we’d head to the very modern dance clubs and bars. Montreal is a city that sits between the past and the future and the traveller can choose whichever direction he wants to go.
24. How do you understand the underlined sentence in Paragraph 3
A. The men and women are really the fashion models of a magazine.
B. The portraits of the men and women are printed in the magazine.
C. They are so well dressed that they look like models in a magazine.
D. The men and women like to copy characters in magazines.
25. Which of the following can NOT be concluded from Paragraphs 3、4
A. The author and his friends couldn’t wait to explore the city.
B. The author wasn’t used to the weather of Montreal.
C. The citizens from Montreal care much about what they wear.
D. Montreal often holds fashion shows.
26. What can we infer from the passage
A. The author often went to China for a visit.
B. The people they met in the diner were kind and helpful.
C. All the people in the diner were locals.
D. The author went to Montreal on business.
27. Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage
A. The author listened to Canadian radio programmes and chose their first stop as advised.
B. The author took a trip to Montreal — the third largest city in Canada.
C. Montreal broke the record for the most snowfall in the world last year.
D. Montreal is a city which is both traditional and modern.
C
If you are planning on traveling, there are a few simple rules about how to make life easier both before and after your journey.
First of all, always check and double check departure (出发) time. It is surprising how few people really do this carefully. Once I arrived at the airport a few minutes after ten. My secretary had got the ticket for me and I thought she had said that the plane left at 10: 50. When I arrived at the airport, the person at the departure desk told me that my flight was closed. Therefore, I had to wait three hours for the next one and missed an important meeting.
The second rule is to remember that even in this age of credit cards (信用卡), it is still important to have some local money in cash (现金). Once I arrived at a place at midnight and the bank at the airport was closed. The only way to get to my hotel was by taxi but because I had no dollars, I offered to pay in pounds instead. “Listen! I only take real money! ” the driver said angrily. You can imagine how terrible I felt at that moment.
The third and the last rule is to find out as much as you can about the weather at your destination before you leave. I feel sorry for some of my workmates who travel in heavy suits and raincoats in May, when it is still fairly cool in London or Manchester, to places like Athens, Rome or Madrid, where it is already beginning to get quite warm during the day.
28. Where is the writer most probably from
A. Britain. B. The USA.
C. Italy. D. Greece.
29. When the writer found he had no dollars to pay the taxi driver, he .
A. asked the driver to give him a free ride
B. offered to pay in pounds
C. gave the driver some fake (假的) money
D. tried to pay by credit card
30. Generally, in May the weather in London is .
A. warm and dry B. cold and dry
C. hot and wet D. cool and rainy
31. The writer mainly tells us .
A. how to make life easier
B. how to be well prepared for a trip
C. how to enjoy ourselves on the trip
D. how to schedule our trip
D
While elephants born without tusks (长牙)are not unheard of, they normally form just 2 to 6 percent of the population. However, that is not the case at Mozambique’s Gorongosa National Park, where an astonishing 33 percent of female elephants born after the country’s conflict ended in 1992 are tuskless. While that may appear to be just a coincidence, le, an elephant behavior expert, has another theory. The researcher thinks we may be witnessing unnatural evolution of the species due to the constant hunting of elephants for valuable ivory.
Poole says before the country’s 15-year-long conflict, the park was home to over 4, 000 elephants. However, by the time the conflict ended in 1992, about 90 percent of them had been killed for ivory to get money. Of the less than 200 survivors, over 50 percent of adult females had no tusks. Therefore, it is not surprising that the park’s tuskless elephant population has grown greatly.
This is not the first time researchers have observed a great change in the population of elephants. At Zambia’s South Luangwa National Park and Lupande Game Management Area, areas which were heavily hunted in the 1970s and 1980s, 35% of elephants 25 years old or older and 13% of those younger than 25 are now without tusks. A 2008 study published in the African Journal of Ecology found that the number of tuskless females at the Ruaha National Park in Tanzania went from 10. 5 percent in 1969 to almost 40 percent in 1989, largely due to illegal hunting for ivory.
The recent ban on ivory in both the US and China should help get rid of, or at least reduce, elephant hunting. However, scientists are not sure how long it will take for elephants with a higher rate of tuskless females, to change the trend.
32. What is the probable cause of the phenomenon mentioned in Paragraph 1
A. Illegal hunting. B. Constant farming.
C. A pure coincidence. D. Natural evolution.
33. Why did people kill so many elephants during the conflict in Mozambique
A. To get money by selling ivory.
B. To develop new decorations.
C. To provide food for local people.
D. To make ivory products.
34. Which of the following had the earliest record on tuskless elephants
A. Gorongosa National Park.
B. South Luangwa National Park.
C. Ruaha National Park.
D. Lupande Game Management Area.
35. What does the underlined phrase “the trend” in the last paragraph refer to
A. Elephants facing greater danger.
B. Elephants growing more slowly.
C. Fewer female elephants staying alive.
D. More female elephants being tuskless.
第二节(共5小题; 每小题2. 5分, 满分12. 5分)
阅读下面短文, 从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Tips for Green Travel with Kids
Traveling doesn’t mean letting go of all the eco-friendly choices we work so hard to achieve in our daily life. Here are a few tips for green travel with kids:
Booking nonstop flights whenever possible will reduce carbon emissions (碳排放). If the closest local airport doesn’t have nonstop flights to a certain place, check in with other local airports to see if nonstop flights are available. 36
Whether you’re flying or driving, it’s easy when traveling to pull into fast food restaurants for snacks. 37 My kids love to help plan snacks. I let them create their own snacks for the trip at home.
Reusable water bottles are easy to bring along whenever you travel. At the airport, keep your reusable bottles empty until you have passed through the security (安检). 38 Single-use plastic water bottles create unnecessary waste and the plastic can be harmful to your health.
39 Open a few windows and turn off the air conditioner. You should also help your children keep their good, green habits from home to place while traveling. Sometimes vacation can mean more than one shower each day — once in the morning and again after getting out of the pool. Pay attention to the number of showers and the length of showers. 40
A. In this way, you can save water and energy.
B. Security check is a necessary part of each trip.
C. But you can pack healthy food before starting off.
D. Fill them up on the other side of the security checkpoint.
E. Too much carbon emissions seriously pollute the environment.
F. Save energy by turning off the hotel room lights when you head out for the day.
G. You might have to drive a bit further, but saving on carbon emissions makes it worthwhile.
第三部分 语言运用(共两节, 满分30分)
第一节(共15小题; 每小题1分, 满分15分)
阅读下面短文, 从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
The last complete ice shelf in the Canadian Arctic has collapsed(倒塌). The Milne Ice Shelf is 41 Ellesmere Island, Canada. The shelf lost 42 40 percent of its area in just two days at the end of July.
Above normal air temperatures, offshore winds and open water in front of the shelf are all parts of the 43 for its break-up. The shelf area shrank(缩小)by about 80 square kilometers. By comparison, the island of Manhattan in New York 44 about 60 square kilometers. Temperatures in the polar area have been 45 intense(强烈的). Summer in the Canadian Arctic this year has been 5 degrees Celsius 46 the 30-year average. That has 47 smaller ice caps, 48 can melt quickly. As a glacier disappears, more bedrock is left 49 . This then speeds up the melting 50 . A research camp, including instruments for measuring water flow through the ice shelf, was lost when the shelf at Ellesmere Island collapsed.
“It was only a 51 of time, ”said Mark Serreze, director of the National Snow and Ice Data Center. His study showed the ice caps were 52 to disappear within five years. Their disappearance was 53 last month, when NASA satellite images of the area showed a complete lack of snow and ice. Serreze’s 54 trip to the Arctic was many years ago. “When I was there in the 1980s, I knew every square inch of those ice caps, ”Serreze said. “You have the good 55 . It’s like your first girlfriend. I want her back. ”
41. A. at the edge of B. in front of C. at the back of D. at the end of
42. A. rather than B. less than C. other than D. more than
43. A. situations B. conditions C. elements D. problems
44. A. combines B. covers C. evaluates D. obtains
45. A. seriously B. especially C. naturally D. nearly
46. A. down B. below C. up D. above
47. A. reduced B. broken C. threatened D. brought
48. A. which B. that C. where D. whose
49. A. uncovered B. discovered C. predicted D. spotted
50. A. program B. progress C. project D. process
51. A. question B. thing C. matter D. concept
52. A. possibly B. likely C. probably D. surely
53. A. simplified B. launched C. confirmed D. accompanied
54. A. research B. search C. culture D. business
55. A. dreams B. ideas C. attitudes D. memories
第二节(共10小题; 每小题1. 5分, 满分15分)
阅读下面短文, 在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Last year, Alipay, a payment App operated by Alibaba, 56. ________(release)a system that used colored QR codes to show the health of people in the city of Hangzhou. A QR code is a sign a smart phone can read with its camera. Once the sign is recognized, the phone takes the user 57. __________ (direct) to an Internet link with information about a subject. Users in Hangzhou can then complete an online form 58. __________reports their official identification number and seeks additional information. Individuals are asked to enter 59. ________(detail)about recent travel outside the city, as well as anything 60. ___________(suggest)they might be infected, such as a high body temperature or strong cough.
After completing the questionnaire, users receive 61. ________mobile phone message. It includes a color-based QR Code that relates to the health situation they 62. __________(describe). Users with a red code are told to quarantine(隔离) themselves for 14 days and continue reporting 63. ________(they) condition by using Alibaba’s DingTalk messaging App. Users with a yellow code are told to stay in quarantine for 7 days, 64.__________those with a green code can travel freely. Chinese state media said the Alibaba system would 65.____________(use) at train stations, along major roads and other travel checkpoints. They added that the system is also being used in some neighborhoods.
第四部分 写作(共两节, 满分40分)
第一节(满分15分)
假设你是李华, 你的英国笔友Tom发来邮件询问你的一次难忘的旅游经历。请你用英语给他回一封邮件, 要点包括:
1. 旅游过程;
2. 你的感受。
注意: 1. 词数80个左右;
2. 开头和结尾已给出, 不计入总词数。
Dear Tom,
____________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Hua
第二节(满分25分)
阅读下面材料, 根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段, 使之构成一篇完整的短文。
My in-laws(公公婆婆)loved to travel and every winter would visit different countries. While they were gone, some friends moved into their house so it would not be left empty. This year it was decided that I would be the one to move into their house. Fortunately, I was allowed to return home on the weekend.
I tried to keep myself busy. Each day I walked down to the bottom of the driveway to collect the mail, sewed curtains for four large windows, filled the bird feeders, cleaned the house from top to bottom. watched an occasional TV show and spent a disappointing couple of hours trying to get on the dial-up Internet. Chatting with friends and family on the phone helped comfort me, but these conversations and the simple chores didn’t totally fill my time. Basically I did whatever I could to keep my mind off the fact that I was there alone.
On Friday I would head back to the city to meet up with friends and spend time with my husband and our family. On Monday, the car filled with groceries. I’d make the drive back to my in-laws’ house.
During my third week in the country the temperature dropped and a massive snowstorm set in. The driveway was filled quickly with wet, heavy snow. I hadn’t seen that much snow since I was a child and lovely as it was. I feared that I wouldn’t be able to get out. It was very cold and every day the snow kept falling. On Thursday night it started to rain. With a sinking heart I knew I wouldn’t be going home that weekend.
Disappointed and feeling very low, I worried about not having enough food. What would I do if the power went out What if I fell ill
Friday morning I awoke to a winter wonderland. The trees were weighed down with ice and the surrounding countryside was blanketed in a deep hill of unbroken white. I felt very helpless.
注意: 续写词数应为150左右。
Suddenly I heard a noise and I quickly ran across the room to the window.
____________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________
As I stood there watching, I realized that I might have a slim chance that I would get out.
____________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________
参考答案
第一部分 听力 (共两节, 满分30分)（略）
第二部分 阅读(共两节, 满分50分)
第一节(共15小题; 每小题2. 5分, 满分37. 5分)
A
【文章大意】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了美国东海岸几个著名的旅游城市。
21.【解析】选A。细节理解题。根据 Savannah, Georgia 部分第一句“由当地历史学家领着出行观光城市游览胜地。”可知, 游客在Savannah 观光过程中可以了解该城市的历史。故选A。
22.【解析】选B。推理判断题。根据Block Island, Rhode Island 部分的内容可知, 农场和园子里有袋鼠、骆驼、鸭子、山羊等。 Block Island 适合喜欢看动物的游客。故选B。
23. 【解析】选D。细节理解题。 根据Roanoke, Virginia部分的内容可知, Roanoke既有室外也有室内的观光活动。故选D。
B
【文章大意】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者在加拿大蒙特利尔的经历。那里寒冷的天气、人们时尚的服装、美食、著名历史景点等都给作者留下了深刻的印象。
24. 【解析】选C。句意猜测题。根据该段中的“how well everyone dressed”可知, 在作者看来, 蒙特利尔的人穿着时尚, 像杂志里的模特。
25. 【解析】选D。细节理解题。根据第三段第一句话中的“. . . we were immediately walking. . . ”可知作者和他的朋友迫不及待地想参观蒙特利尔。根据第四段中的“To hide from the cold. . . ”可以推知作者并不适应那里的寒冷。根据第三段最后两句可知蒙特利尔的人们非常注重着装。D项文中未提及, 故选D。
26. 【解析】选B。推理判断题。根据第五段中“But since the rest of Canada speak English, plenty of people were there to help. ”可推知作者及朋友在餐馆碰到的人非常友好且乐于助人。
27. 【解析】选D。细节理解题。根据文章最后一段中的“Montreal is a city that sits between the past and the future. . . ”可知, 蒙特利尔既有往昔的风采, 也有现代的气息, 由此可确定答案为D。
C
【文章大意】本文为说明文, 主要介绍了如何做好旅行的准备工作。
28. 【解析】选A。推理判断题。根据第三段中的“I offered to pay in pounds instead. ”和最后一段的“when it is still fairly cool in London or Manchester”可知A为正确选项。
29. 【解析】选B。细节理解题。根据第三段的“I offered to pay in pounds instead. ”可知答案。
30. 【解析】选D。细节理解题。根据最后一段的“heavy suits and raincoats in May, when it is still fairly cool in London or Manchester. . . ”可知D为正确选项。
31.【解析】选B。主旨大意题。本文作者通过自身经历介绍了如何为旅行做好准备。
D
【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文。1992年, 在莫桑比克的Gorongosa国家公园, 有33%的雌象出生时就没有长牙, 大象行为专家认为, 这是由人们为了获得珍贵的象牙而对大象进行持续不断地猎杀而造成的非自然的进化。
32. 【解析】选A。细节理解题。根据第一段最后一句可知, 这位研究人员认为, 由于持续不断地猎杀大象以获取珍贵的象牙, 我们可能正在目睹该物种的非自然进化。据此可知, 第一段中提到的现象的可能原因是非法猎杀, 故A项正确。
33. 【解析】选A。细节理解题。根据第二段第二句可知, 人们猎杀大象是为了通过销售象牙来获利, 故A项正确。
34. 【解析】选C。细节理解题。根据第一段第二句可知, 在莫桑比克的Gorongosa国家公园, 在1992年有33%的雌象出生时无长牙; 根据第三段最后一句可知, Ruaha国家公园在1969年有10. 5%的无长牙雌象, 到1989年时, 有大约40%的无长牙雌象; 据此可知, Ruaha国家公园是最早记录无长牙雌象的地区, 故C项正确。
35. 【解析】选D。词义猜测题。根据最后一段第一句可知, 最近美国和中国都颁布了象牙禁令, 这应该有助于消除或至少减少对大象的猎杀; 结合该段第二句可知, 科学家们并不确定对拥有较高比例无长牙雌象的大象们来说需要多长时间才能改变这种趋势。据此可推知, 画线词指代“更多的雌象没有长牙”这一趋势, 故D项正确。
第二节(共5小题; 每小题2. 5分, 满分12. 5分)
【文章大意】本文是说明文。文章就我们在日常生活中可以做到的环保行为以及绿色出行给出了几点建议。
36. 【解析】选G。根据上文可知, 本段介绍的小建议是宁可多开会儿车, 也要驱车前往有直达航班的机场, 以此减少碳排放量。
37. 【解析】选C。根据上文的“旅途中很容易找到快餐店吃零食”, 结合下文的“我的孩子喜欢在家制作旅行的零食”可知, 前后有转折关系, 且和食物有关。故C项“但是你可以在出发前打包健康的食物。”符合本段语境。
38. 【解析】选D。根据上文可知, 本段绿色出行小建议为重复使用水瓶。因为带重复利用的空瓶子进安检, 所以需要过了安检后再装水喝。故D项“在安全检查站的另一边把它们装满。”符合本段语境。
39. 【解析】选F。根据下文可知, 这里讲的都是旅行中住酒店的一些环保小习惯。因此F项“当你出门的时候, 关掉旅馆房间的灯来节省能源。”也是住旅店的一种节能环保习惯, 符合此处语境。
40. 【解析】选A。根据上文可知, 这种行为可以节约水资源。故A项“这样, 你可以节约水和能源。” 符合此处语境。
第三部分 语言运用(共两节, 满分30分)
第一节(共15小题; 每小题1分, 满分15分)
【文章大意】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章主要讲述了加拿大北极地区最后一个完整的冰架崩塌了。
41. 【解析】选A。根据下文的“offshore winds and open water in front of the shelf”和第二段最后的“the shelf at Ellesmere Island”可知, 米尔恩冰架位于加拿大埃尔斯米尔岛的边缘。at the edge of在……的边缘; in front of在……的前面; at the back of在……的后部; at the end of在……的结尾。故选A。
42. 【解析】选D。根据上文可知, 七月底的两天里冰架面积就少了40%多。rather than而不是; less than少于; other than除了; more than多于。故选D。
43. 【解析】选C。根据上文冰架倒塌可知, air temperatures, offshore winds和 open water都是导致冰架断裂的要素。situations情况; conditions条件; elements要素; problems问题。故选C。
44. 【解析】选B。根据“60 square kilometers”可知, 此处表示岛屿覆盖的范围。combines组合, 结合; covers覆盖; evaluates评价; obtains获得。故选B。
45. 【解析】选B。根据上文“Above normal air temperatures”可知, 极地地区的温度尤其高。seriously严重地; especially尤其; naturally自然地; nearly几乎。故选B。
46. 【解析】选D。根据上文可知, 冰架的融化是由于今年的气温比往年更高。故选D。
47. 【解析】选C。根据上文可知, 由于气温升高, 对小冰盖的存在产生了威胁。reduce减少; break破坏; threaten使惊吓; bring带来。故选C。
48. 【解析】选A。句意: 那已经威胁到可以迅速融化的小冰盖。分析句子结构, 设空处引导非限制性定语从句, 先行词smaller ice caps在定语从句中作主语, 需用关系代词which引导。故选A。
49.【解析】选A。根据“As a glacier disappears”可知, 因为冰川的融化, 更多基岩裸露在外。uncover揭露, 揭发; discover发现; predict预测; spot看见, 注意到。故选A。
50.【解析】选D。根据上文可知, “冰川融化, 基岩裸露”加速了融化的过程。program项目; progress进步; project方案, 工程; process过程, 进程。故选D。
51.【解析】选C。根据上文可知, 此处表示上面的这些事物消失只是时间的问题。question问题; thing事情; matter问题; concept概念, 观念。a matter of为固定搭配, ……的问题。故选C。
52.【解析】选B。句意: 他的研究表明, 冰盖有可能在五年内消失。possibly有可能地; likely可能, 或许; probably很可能, 大概; surely必定, 当然。sb. /sth. be likely to do sth. 为固定短语, 意为“有可能做某事”。故选B。
53. 【解析】选C。句意: 它们的消失在上个月被证实了。simplify使简化; launch发起, 发动; confirm证实; accompany陪伴。故选C。
54. 【解析】选A。根据“trip to the Arctic”可知, 此处表示去极地考察的旅行。research调查, 研究; search搜寻, 搜索; culture文化; business生意。故选A。
55. 【解析】选D。根据上文可知, 根据Serreze的描述, 当年的极地考察之旅是美好的回忆。dream梦想; idea想法, 主意; attitude态度; memory回忆。故选D。
第二节(共10小题; 每小题1. 5分, 满分15分)
【文章大意】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章介绍了杭州与阿里巴巴集团合作跟踪监测健康状况, 并提到了支付宝研发的健康码的使用。
56. 【解析】released。考查动词时态和语态。句意: 去年, 阿里巴巴运营的应用程序, 支付宝, 发行了一个使用二维码来显示杭州市民健康的系统。分析句子可知, release是谓语动词, 由Last year可知, 用一般过去时, 且与主语Alipay是主动关系, 故填released。
57. 【解析】directly。考查副词。句意: 一旦这个标识被识别, 手机就会直接把使用者带到一个带有这个对象信息的链接。修饰动词takes用副词作状语, 故填directly。
58. 【解析】that/which。考查定语从句。句意: 然后, 杭州的用户可以填写一份在线表格, 报告他们的官方身份号码, 并寻求更多的信息。分析句子可知, 空格处引导定语从句, 先行词是form, 指物, 从句中作主语, 用关系代词that或者which引导定语从句, 故填that/which。
59. 【解析】details。考查名词。句意: 个人被要求详细输入关于最近在城市以外的旅行的细节, 和任何表明他们可能被感染, 如高烧或强烈咳嗽等的信息。动词后接名词作宾语, detail“细节”是可数名词, 根据句意, 此处用复数, 故填details。
60. 【解析】suggesting。考查非谓语动词。分析句子可知, 句子谓语动词是are asked, 故suggest用非谓语动词, 修饰anything作定语, anything与suggest是主动关系, 用现在分词作定语, 故填suggesting。
61. 【解析】a。考查冠词。句意: 完成问卷后, 用户收到一条手机信息。message“信息”是可数名词, 根据句意, 此处表示泛指“一条手机信息”, 用不定冠词, mobile的发音以辅音音素开头, 故填a。
62. 【解析】described。考查动词时态。句意: 它包括一个基于颜色的二维码, 这个二维码与他们描述过的健康状况有关。根据语境可知, “描述”是过去发生的动作, 故用一般过去时, 故填described。
63. 【解析】their。考查代词。句意: 二维码颜色为红色的使用者被告知自我隔离14天, 并通过使用阿里巴巴的钉钉程序继续报告他们的情况。修饰名词用形容词性物主代词, 故填their。
64. 【解析】while。考查连词。根据句意可知此处有两者对比的意思, while 可以表两者对比, 意为“而, 然而”。故填while。
65. 【解析】be used。考查动词语态。句意: 中国官方媒体表示, 这个阿里巴巴系统将在火车站、主要道路和其他旅游检查站被使用。分析句子可知, use是谓语动词, 与主语system是被动关系, would+be+过去分词构成被动语态, 故填be used。
第四部分 写作(共两节, 满分40分)
第一节(满分15分)
【参考范文】
Dear Tom,
I’m glad to share a truly unforgettable travel experience that I had during my last summer holiday with you.
On July 7, my parents and I took a bus to Leshan, Sichuan Province, which is famous for its Buddha. The Buddha is really big. Looking up at the large head and down at the large feet, I felt I was so small. The next day, we climbed Mount Emei, where there are many old temples and wild monkeys. The naughty monkeys were the most exciting things I experienced there. Toward evening we made our way back. We were all tired, but our trip to Leshan was really enjoyable.
I’m looking forward to going there with you next time.
Yours,
Li Hua
第二节(满分25分)
【参考范文】
Suddenly I heard a noise and I quickly ran across the room to the window. It was freezing cold outside, the light wind blowing into the house. I saw a man that I had never met clearing the driveway. The noise I heard was him trying to break through the ice with nothing more than a clearing tool. Who was this man Why was he clearing the driveway Although the man wore a thick coat and a scarf, he still felt bitterly cold.
As I stood there watching, I realized that I might have a slim chance that I would get out. Thrilled, I put on my coat and boots and went out to help him. It took us four hours to clear that driveway. He did most of the heavy work. It turned out that he was my in-laws’ closest neighbour and before they left, Mom had asked him to take good care of me. She also explained to him how important it was for me to go back to the city on the weekend. My heart was filled with thankfulness to my in-laws and this kind man.
