选择性必修第三册Unit 1单元词汇默写本
Ⅰ. 核心单词
1. ______________ adj. 原始的; 发展水平低的; 远古的
n. 文艺复兴前的艺术家(作品)
2. ______________ n. 突破; 重大进展
3. ______________ n. 名誉; 名声
4. ______________ n. 贵族成员; 出身高贵的人
adj. 崇高的; 宏伟的; 高贵的
5. ______________ n. 地位; 级别; 行列
vt. &vi. 把……分等级; 使排成行
6. ______________ vt. 购买; 采购
n. 购买; 购买的东西
7. ______________ n. 委托人; 当事人; 客户
8. ______________ vi. &vt. 出现; 浮现; 暴露
9. ______________ n. 日出
10. ______________ vt. 表达; 传递(思想、感情等); 传送
11. ______________ adj. 主观的
12. ______________ adj. 随后的; 后来的; 之后的
13. ______________ adj. 喜爱
14. ______________ adj. 视觉的; 视力的
15. ______________ n. 池塘; 水池
16. ______________ n. 投资额; 投资; (时间、精力的)投入
17. ______________ n. 新娘
18. ______________ adj. 永久的; 永恒的; 长久的
19. ______________ n. 纪念碑(或像等); 纪念物; 纪念品
adj. 纪念的; 悼念的
20. ______________ adj. 谦逊的; 虚心的; 卑微的
21. ______________
adj. 典型的; 有代表性的 n. 代表
22. ______________ n. (数量、价格、质量等的)减少; 下降; 衰落
vi. & vt. 减少; 下降; 衰落; 谢绝
23. ______________ n. 展览; (技能、感情或行为的)表演
24. ______________ n. 花瓶; 装饰瓶
25. ______________ vt. 保证; 确保; 肯定……必然发生
n. 保证; 保修单; 担保物
26. ______________
adj. 当代的; 现代的; 属同时期的
n. 同代人; 同辈人
Ⅱ. 拓展单词
1. precise adj. 准确的; 精确的→______________ adv. 准确地; 精确地; 的确如此
2. realist n. 现实主义者; 现实主义画家(或作家等)→______________ n. 逼真, 现实主义; 务实作风→______________ adj. 现实的; 逼真的
3. dimension n. 维; 规模; 范围→______________ adj. 二维的
4. human n. 人类→______________ adj. 人文主义的 →______________ n. 人性; 人道; (统称)人类
5. influence n. 影响 →______________ adj. 有很大影响力的; 有支配力的
6. criticise vi. &vt. 批评; 指责; 评价→ ______________ n. 批评; 指责; 评论
7. recognise v. 认可, 认出来→ ______________ n. 承认; 认出; 赞誉
III.核心短语
1. ______________ 尤其; 特别
2. ______________ 使与众不同; 使突出; 使优于……
3. ______________ 突破
4. ______________ 喜欢; 喜爱
5. ______________ 赋予……生命; 使……鲜活起来
6. ______________ 值得
IV.经典句式
1. 句型公式: It +be+adj. +to do, it 在句中作形式主语
______________(很难给它下一个精确的定义).
2. 句型公式: The best way to do. . . is to do. . . 做某事最好的方法就是做……
______________ (也许理解西方艺术的最好的方法)is to look at the development of Western painting over the centuries.
3. 句型公式: while从句表示让步, 虽然尽管
______________(虽然他的画仍带有宗教主题), they showed real people in a real environment.
参考答案
Ⅰ. 核心单词
1. primitive adj. 原始的; 发展水平低的; 远古的
n. 文艺复兴前的艺术家(作品)
2. breakthrough n. 突破; 重大进展
3. reputation n. 名誉; 名声
4. noble n. 贵族成员; 出身高贵的人
adj. 崇高的; 宏伟的; 高贵的
5. rank n. 地位; 级别; 行列
vt. &vi. 把……分等级; 使排成行
6. purchase vt. 购买; 采购
n. 购买; 购买的东西
7. client n. 委托人; 当事人; 客户
8. emerge vi. &vt. 出现; 浮现; 暴露
9. sunrise n. 日出
10. convey vt. 表达; 传递(思想、感情等); 传送
11. subjective adj. 主观的
12. subsequent adj. 随后的; 后来的; 之后的
13. fond adj. 喜爱
14. visual adj. 视觉的; 视力的
15. pond n. 池塘; 水池
16. investment n. 投资额; 投资; (时间、精力的)投入
17. bride n. 新娘
18. permanent adj. 永久的; 永恒的; 长久的
19. memorial n. 纪念碑(或像等); 纪念物; 纪念品
adj. 纪念的; 悼念的
20. humble adj. 谦逊的; 虚心的; 卑微的
21. representative
adj. 典型的; 有代表性的 n. 代表
22. decline n. (数量、价格、质量等的)减少; 下降; 衰落
vi. & vt. 减少; 下降; 衰落; 谢绝
23. exhibition n. 展览; (技能、感情或行为的)表演
24. vase n. 花瓶; 装饰瓶
25. guarantee vt. 保证; 确保; 肯定……必然发生
n. 保证; 保修单; 担保物
26. contemporary
adj. 当代的; 现代的; 属同时期的
n. 同代人; 同辈人
Ⅱ. 拓展单词
1. precise adj. 准确的; 精确的→precisely adv. 准确地; 精确地; 的确如此
2. realist n. 现实主义者; 现实主义画家(或作家等)→realism n. 逼真, 现实主义; 务实作风→realistic adj. 现实的; 逼真的
3. dimension n. 维; 规模; 范围→two-dimensional adj. 二维的
4. human n. 人类→humanistic adj. 人文主义的 →humanity n. 人性; 人道; (统称)人类
5. influence n. 影响 →influential adj. 有很大影响力的; 有支配力的
6. criticise vi. &vt. 批评; 指责; 评价→ criticism n. 批评; 指责; 评论
7. recognise v. 认可, 认出来→ recognition n. 承认; 认出; 赞誉
III.核心短语
1. in particular 尤其; 特别
2. set apart from 使与众不同; 使突出; 使优于……
3. break through 突破
4. be fond of 喜欢; 喜爱
5. bring. . . to life 赋予……生命; 使……鲜活起来
6. be worthy of 值得
IV.经典句式
1. 句型公式: It +be+adj. +to do, it 在句中作形式主语
It is hard to give a precise definition(很难给它下一个精确的定义).
2. 句型公式: The best way to do. . . is to do. . . 做某事最好的方法就是做……
Perhaps the best way to understand Western art (也许理解西方艺术的最好的方法)is to look at the development of Western painting over the centuries.
3. 句型公式: while从句表示让步, 虽然尽管
While his paintings still had religious themes(虽然他的画仍带有宗教主题), they showed real people in a real environment. 选择性必修三 Unit 1 Art
Ⅰ. 单句语法填空
1. The evening meal __________(carry) the full burden that used to be spread over two meals, says Counihan.
2. (2020·全国Ⅱ卷)Chinese New Year is a __________(celebrate) marking the end of the winter season and the beginning of spring.
3. (2020· 天津高考)They have transformed themselves into places __________ you can develop your love of knowledge, meet interesting people, or find out how to start a business.
4. (2019·北京高考)They are __________ (extreme) important in the safe and effective running of our programmes.
Ⅱ. 完成句子
1. ___________________________ he is excellent, I can see his shortcomings.
虽然他很优秀, 我也看到了他的缺点。
2. —What do you think of the furniture on sale
—Pretty good. But ___________________________ with
the samples, I don’t think it ___________________________.
——你觉得减价的家具怎么样
——很好。但是把你买的和样品相比, 我认为它不值那么多钱。
3. Finally, I’d like to ___________________________ for your help in this matter.
最后, 我对你在这件事情上的帮助表示衷心的感谢。
4. When Alice ___________________________, she did not know how long she had been lying there.
当爱丽丝苏醒时, 她不知道她已经在那里躺了多久。
Ⅲ. 语法填空
China has become the first country to land a spacecraft on the far side of the moon. The unmanned Chang’e-4 probe (探测器) — the name was inspired by an ancient Chinese moon goddess — 1. ________ (touch) down last week in the South Pole-Aitken basin. Landing on the moon’s far side is 2. ________ (extreme) challenging. Because the moon’s body blocks direct radio communication with a probe, China first had to put a satellite in orbit above the moon in a spot 3. ________ it could send signals to the spacecraft and to Earth. The far side of the moon is of particular 4. __________ (interesting) to scientists because it has a lot of deep craters (环形山), more so 5. __________ the familiar near side. Chinese researchers hope to use the instruments onboard Chang’e-4 6. __________ (find) and study areas of the South Pole-Aitken basin. “This really excites scientists, ”Carle Pieters, a scientist at Brown University, says, “because it 7. __________ (mean) we have the chance to obtain information about how the moon 8. __________ (construct). ” Data about the moon’s composition, such as how 9. __________ ice and other treasures it contains, could help China decide whether 10. __________ (it) plans for a future lunar (月球的) base are practical.
IV. 阅读理解
A
OPENINGS AND PREVIEWS
Animals Out of Paper
Yolo! Productions and the Great Griffon present the play by Rajiv Joseph, in which an origami(折纸术)artist invites a teenage talent and his teacher into her studio. Merri Milwe directs. In previews. Opens Feb. 12. (West Park Presbyterian Church, 165 W. 86th St. 212-868-4444. )
The Audience
Helen Mirren stars in the play by Peter Morgan, about Queen Elizabeth Ⅱ of the UK and her private meetings with twelve Prime Ministers in the course of sixty years. Stephen Daldry directs. Also starring Dylan Baker and Judith Ivey. Previews begin Feb. 14. (Schoenfeld, 236 W. 45th St. 212-239-6200. )
Hamilton
Lin-Manuel Miranda wrote this musical about Alexander Hamilton, in which the birth of America is presented as an immigrant story. Thomas Kail directs. In previews. Opens Feb. 17. (Public, 425 Lafayette St. 212-967-7555. )
On the Twentieth Century
Kristin Chenoweth and Peter Gallagher star in the musical comedy by Betty Comden and Adolph Green, about a Broadway producer who tries to win a movie star’s love during a cross-country train journey. Scott Ellis directs, for Roundabout Theatre Company. Previews begin Feb. 12. (American Airlines Theatre, 227 W. 42nd St. 212-719-1300. )
1. What is the play by Rajiv Joseph probably about
A. A type of art. B. A teenager’s studio.
C. A great teacher. D. A group of animals.
2. Who is the director of The Audience
A. Helen Mirren. B. Peter Morgan.
C. Dylan Baker. D. Stephen Daldry.
3. Which play will you go to if you are interested in American history
A. Animals Out of Paper.
B. The Audience.
C. Hamilton.
D. On the Twentieth Century.
B
Though the harmful effects of plastic on wildlife and human health are well-documented, this material is hard to avoid. Nearly everything we touch, from grocery bags to drink bottles, to food packaging, contains plastic. Now, Amsterdam’s Ekoplaza supermarket is making it a little easier for consumers to reduce consumption of single-use plastic bags and containers, which are blocking our landfills at alarming rates, with a special plastic-free aisle (通道). Believed to be the world’s first, the aisle has 700 products on sale including rice, beans, yogurt, chocolate milk, cereal, snacks and meat.
While items still require packaging, everything is housed inside reusable or recyclable containers made of glass, metal or cardboard. The unique idea was given to the grocery-chain officials by UK-based environmental group A Plastic Planet, which takes the lead to advocate for at least one plastic-free aisle in supermarkets around the globe. The non-profit has even created a signature “plastic-free” mark to help consumers identify eco-friendly packaging. “This is a consumer-led campaign, ” said a group co-founder Sian Sutherland. “We’re a grass-roots organization. So obviously we’re working with industry and the government, but most importantly, we represent the public. ”
Ekoplaza, which plans to roll out the plastic-free aisles across its 74 stores by the end of the year, is not the only company trying to reduce plastic waste. In Berlin, the Original Unverpackt grocery store has been trying to change customer habits since 2014 by selling everything, from grain to produce and even soaps without plastic packaging. The supermarket, which requires customers to bring their own reusable containers, even sells chewable toothpaste that needs no tubes.
Though it is encouraging to see companies trying to make a difference, for real change to happen, consumers have to avoid products encased in plastics, even if it means giving up their favorite food or drink. As Sutherland put it, “Plastic food and drink packaging remain useful and yet a destructive presence on the earth for centuries afterwards. ”
1. What does Ekoplaza want to do by setting up a plastic-free aisle
A. Cut down managing cost.
B. Reduce plastic-packaging.
C. Make shopping much easier.
D. Increase the amount of sales.
2. Which of the following can make a real difference
A. Consumers. B. Supermarkets.
C. Organizations. D. Companies.
3. What does Sutherland think of plastic packaging in the future
A. It will be of no use to consumers.
B. It will exist for a long time.
C. It will disappear in this century.
D. It will replace other containers.
4. What might be the title of the passage
A. Plastics Are Harmful to the Environment
B. Non-profits Can Help the Supermarkets
C. Consumers Should Change Shopping Habits
D. Supermarkets Take Action for a Cleaner Planet
V.完形填空
John Carpenter didn’t like to buy toys. He liked the fun of 1 them himself. The thought that they were his own works 2 him.
Tom, one of his playmates, thought a toy was worth nothing 3 it cost a great deal of money. “Come and look at my horse, ” said Tom, one day. “It 4 a dollar, and it is such a beauty! ” John was soon 5 his friend’s horse, and he was examining it 6 to see how it was made. The same evening he tried to make a 7 one for himself. He went into the wood shed and 8 two pieces of wood — one for the head of his horse, the other for the body. It took him two or three days to shape them to his 9 . But what about the wheels This 10 him. With great efforts, he finally got some 11 pieces of wood which could suit his 12 . He ran to his friend Tom to show his great work.
“You made it yourself! Oh, well, it’s a good horse for you to make. But it is not as good as mine. Mine cost a 13 , and yours didn’t cost anything, ” said Tom.
“It was real fun to make it, though, ” said John, and away he ran with his horse 14 after him.
Does it really cost nothing and all his efforts are 15 Of course not, I will tell you. John Carpenter now is a master workman, and will soon have a shop of his own.
1. A. collecting B. making C. doing D. inventing
2. A. concerned B. annoyed C. amazed D. delighted
3. A. since B. in case C. unless D. as if
4. A. used B. cost C. wasted D. needed
5. A. searching B. feeling C. admiring D. attending
A. patiently B. casually C. willingly D. hurriedly
7. A. vivid B. common C. similar D. rare
8. A. picked out B. took up C. picked up D. came over
9. A. surprise B. regret C. relief D. satisfaction
10. A. excited B. cheered C. puzzled D. amused
11. A. flat B. rough C. sharp D. round
12. A. approach B. curiosity C. concern D. purpose
13. A. pound B. bill C. note D. dollar
14. A. rolling B. slipping C. passing D. marching
15. A. for sure B. in vain C. in order D. in case
VI.读后续写
阅读下面材料, 根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段, 使之构成一篇完整的短文。
A mother is a person who, seeing there are only four pieces of pie for five people, promptly announces she never did care for pie.
—Tenneva Jordan
I knew I was not supposed to be quite so excited. I was too old for that. At the age of eleven, the oldest and my mom’s “grown up”girl, I had to keep my cool. I was in the middle school after all. But every chance I got, when I was alone, I checked each present under the tree. I read every tag and felt every package, guessing at the contents within. I had examined each gift so often that I could tell which present went to which person without even looking at the tags.
It had been a tough year for my family. Whenever my mom looked over at the tree and scattered (撒) presents, she would sigh and warn us, “There won’t be as much for Christmas this year. Try not to be disappointed. ” Christmas had traditionally been a time for my parents to spoil us. In years past, the presents would pile up and spill out from under the tree, taking over the living room. I had heard the phrase “giving is better than receiving” , but thought that whoever had said that must have been out of their mind. Getting presents was the whole point! It was the reason I couldn’t get to sleep on Christmas Eve.
On Christmas morning, we eagerly waited in the hallway until Dad told us everything was ready. We rushed into the living room and let the wrapping paper fly. We made weak attempts to wait and watch while other family members opened their presents, but as the time passed we lost our self-control.
“Here’s another one for you, ” said Mom as she handed me a package. I looked at it, confused. Having spent so much time examining the presents before Christmas. I recognized this one. But it had not been mine. It was my mom’s. A new label had been put on it, with my name written in my mother’s handwriting.
“Mom, I can’t. . . ”
注意: 续写词数应为150左右。
I was stopped by my mother’s eager, joyful look.
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
I have always remembered that Christmas fondly.
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
参考答案
Ⅰ. 1. The evening meal carries(carry) the full burden that used to be spread over two meals, says Counihan.
2. Chinese New Year is a celebration(celebrate) marking the end of the winter season and the beginning of spring.
3. They have transformed themselves into places where you can develop your love of knowledge, meet interesting people, or find out how to start a business.
4.They are extremely (extreme) important in the safe and effective running of our programmes.
Ⅱ. 1. While he is excellent, I can see his shortcomings.
2. —What do you think of the furniture on sale
—Pretty good. But comparing what you bought with
the samples, I don’t think it worth the money.
3. Finally, I’d like to convey my sincere gratitude for your help in this matter.
4. When Alice came to life, she did not know how long she had been lying there.
Ⅲ. 【文章大意】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章报道了我国的嫦娥四号探月器在月背成功着陆并展开探索的壮举。
1. 【解析】touched。 考查时态。根据句子结构, “the name was inspired by an ancient Chinese moon goddess”部分是对探月器名称的解释, 可以看作是插入成分。故可判断出空格处是谓语动词。再根据句中的时间状语last week可知此处用一般过去时。 touched down 降落, 着陆。
2. 【解析】extremely。考查副词。 修饰形容词challenging要用副词。故填extremely。
3. 【解析】where。 考查定语从句。根据结构可知, 空格后面是一个句子, 而空格前是一个名词。结合句意可知, 空格后的句子是定语从句。利用定语从句的知识, 可判断出用关系副词where。
4. 【解析】interest。考查名词。科学家对月球背面尤其感兴趣。sth. be of interest to sb. 某物让某人感兴趣。
5. 【解析】than。考查连词。根据前面的more可知, 此处考查连词than。 more. . . than. . . 比……多。“月球背面有很多深深的环形山, 比我们熟悉的近侧更多。”
6. 【解析】to find。考查动词不定式。根据句子结构可知, 此空处是非谓语动词。结合句意可知, 此处用不定式表示目的。
7. 【解析】means。考查时态和主谓一致。根据句子结构可知, 此空处是谓语动词。本句引用了Carle Pieters的话, 结合句意可知空格处要用一般现在时。主语为it, 谓语动词用第三人称单数。
8. 【解析】is constructed。考查时态和语态。句意: 月球是如何形成的。根据句意和句子结构可知, 空格处要用一般现在时的被动语态。
9. 【解析】much。考查形容词。ice是不可数名词, 故表达询问“多少冰” 时用how much ice。
10. 【解析】its。考查代词。根据结构可知空格处的词应是plans的定语, 故需填形容词性物主代词its。
IV.
A
【文章大意】本文为应用文。文章介绍了有关四场戏剧的开幕式和游览的相关信息。
1.【解析】选A。 细节理解题。根据小标题Animals Out of Paper可知, 本段是讲述“由纸制成的动物”。再根据段落中的Productions and the Great Griffon present the play by Rajiv Joseph, in which an origami artist invites a teenage talent and his teacher into her studio. 可知, 这一幕剧会呈现关于动物的折纸艺术, 在戏剧里一位折纸艺术家将邀请一位有天赋的青少年和他的老师进入工作室。故选A。
2.【解析】选D。细节理解题。根据The Audience段中Helen Mirren stars in the play by Peter Morgan. . . Stephen Daldry directs. 可知, 这部戏剧由Stephen Daldry导演。结合选项分析, 故选D。
3.【解析】选C。细节理解题。根据Hamilton中Lin-Manuel Miranda wrote this musical. . . in which the birth of America is presented as an immigrant story. 可知, 这部音乐剧以呈现移民故事的方式展示美国的诞生。与题干中“如果你对美国历史感兴趣, 你将去看哪部戏剧 ”说法一致, 结合选项分析, 故选C。
B
【文章大意】本文主要介绍了超市在减少塑料包装上做出的努力。
1.【解析】选B。细节理解题。根据第一段第三句“Now, Amsterdam’s Ekoplaza supermarket is making . . . with a special plastic-free aisle. ”可知, Ekoplaza设立无塑料通道是为了减少塑料包装, 故选B。
2.【解析】选A。推理判断题。根据最后一段第一句可推知, 尽管公司正在尽力发挥作用, 但是只有作为塑料包装消费主体的消费者行动起来才会减少塑料垃圾, 故选A。
3.【解析】选B。细节理解题。根据最后一段最后一句中的“Plastic food and drink packaging remain useful and yet a destructive presence on the earth for centuries afterwards. ”可知, 塑料包装还会存在很长一段时间, 故选B。
4.【解析】选D。标题归纳题。根据第一段的导入和最后一段的总结可知, 本文主要介绍了超市在减少塑料包装上做出的努力, 故选D。
V.【文章大意】你是喜欢自己亲手制作玩具, 还是花钱买玩具呢 很多人会觉得花钱买的才有价值。其实当你发现自己动手制作玩具的乐趣时, 你才能了解其真正的意义。
1.【解析】选B。根据上一句“约翰·卡朋特不喜欢买玩具”可推知, 约翰喜欢自己制作(making)玩具的那份快乐。
2.【解析】选D。根据上文“He liked the fun of ______them himself. ”可知, 他喜欢自己制作玩具的乐趣, 可见这些玩具都是他自己的作品的想法让他非常高兴(delighted)。
3.【解析】选C。根据上下文可知, 他的一个玩伴汤姆, 认为除非(unless)花很多金钱买来的玩具, 否则一文不值。
4.【解析】选B。此处指马花了一美元。cost意为“花费”。
5.【解析】选C。根据下文约翰仔细观察, 研究如何做的, 然后自己做了一匹马可知, 当约翰看到他朋友的马, 很快就欣赏(admiring)起这匹马来, 看看是怎么做出来的。
6.【解析】选A。从空后的“to see how it was made”以及下文所做的玩具马可知, 他耐心地(patiently)观察着。
7.【解析】选C。根据上文可知, 他非常喜欢汤姆的马, 所以同一天晚上他试着给自己做一个类似的(similar)马。
8.【解析】选A。根据常识可知, 他走进木棚, 挑选(picked out)出两块木头, 一块做马头, 另一块做身体。
9.【解析】选D。结合选项, 再根据后文内容可推知, 此处表示他花了两三天时间才做出令他满意的(to his satisfaction)形状。
10.【解析】选C。根据前一句“But what about the wheels ”及后一句“With great efforts, he finally got some______pieces of wood”可知, 他不知道用什么做轮子, 因此这让他很困惑(puzzled)。
11.【解析】选D。根据常识可知, 轮子是圆形的, 肯定要用圆的(round)木头。
12.【解析】选D。他挑选这几块圆木是为了满足他做轮子的意图(purpose)。
13.【解析】选D。根据上文的It ______a dollar可知, 汤姆说他的马是花一美元买的。
14.【解析】选A。约翰做的是有轮子的马, 所以轮子是滚动(rolling)的。
15.【解析】选B。根据空前“Does it really cost nothing(这真的没有什么价值吗 )”和空后的内容可判断这里是问“他所有的努力都白费了(in vain)吗”
VI.
【参考范文】
I was stopped by my mother’s eager, joyful look. “Let’s see what it is, honey. Hurry and open it. ” It was a blow dryer. Though this may seem only a simple gift, to me it was so much more. Being an eleven-year-old girl, I was stunned. In my world, where receiving lately outweighed giving, my mom’s act of selflessness was incomprehensible. It was a huge act. Tears filled my eyes and I thought in disbelief about how much my mom must love me to give up her Christmas so that I could have a few more presents.
I have always remembered that Christmas fondly. It had such an impact on me. As an adult with children in my life whom I adore, I can now understand my mom’s actions. I see actually, she was not “giving up her Christmas” as I had thought, but was finding an even greater joy in her Christmas because giving truly is better than receiving. My mom’s simple act meant the world to me. Whenever I look back on my mom’s giving, I will choose to give in my life.(共53张PPT)
选修性必修三 Unit 1 Art
Ⅰ. 重点词汇
1. influential adj. 有很大影响力的; 有支配力的
【典型例句】
The fact is influential in reaching a decision.
这一因素对做出决定是有影响的。
【词块必记】
(1)a highly influential book 十分有影响力的书
influential in sth. /in doing sth. 在某方面有很大影响力, 有支配力
(2)influence n. &v. 影响
have a +adj. + influence/impact/effect on. . . 对……有……的影响
be influenced by. . . 受……的影响
【知识微练】
完成句子
①She is one of _______________________ in local politics.
她是本地政坛最有影响力的人物之一。
②James always tries to get with _______________________.
詹姆斯总是试图和最有影响力的人相处。
the most influential figures
the most influential people
③Van Gogh ______________________the development of modern painting.
梵·高对现代绘画的发展有着重大影响。
④What you eat ___________________________________.
你吃的东西会影响你患癌症的风险。
had a major influence on
may influence your risk of getting cancer
2. purchase v. 购买; 采购
【教材原句】
Kings, nobles, and people of high rank wanted to purchase accurate pictures of themselves and the people they loved. (P2)国王、贵族和地位高的人都想购买自己和他们所爱的人的精确的照片。
【词块必记】
(1)purchase sth. from sb. 从某人手里买某物
(2)purchase n. 购买
make a purchase (= buy sth. ) 采购
as proof of purchase 作为购货凭证
【知识微练】 完成句子
①The equipment _______________ from your local supplier.
这种设备可从你当地的供应商那里购买。
②They ____________________ $1 million.
他们用100万美元买下了这块土地。
③I tend to consult consumption ratings __________________.
无论买什么东西, 我往往会查阅消费排名。
④Keep your receipt __________________.
保存好收据作为购货凭证。
can be purchased
purchased the land for
whatever I purchase
as proof of purchase
3. emerge vi. &vt. 浮现; 出现; 暴露
【教材原句】
From this, Impressionism emerged in France. (P3)
从此, 法国出现了印象派。
【词块必记】
(1)emerge from sth. 从……中出现, 浮现, 露出
emerge as sth. 作为……而出现
(2)emergency n. 紧急情况, 突发事件
in an emergency 在紧急情况下
emergency response 应急响应
(3)emergent adj. 新兴的; 处于发展初期的
【知识微练】 单句语法填空
①His skill in dealing with __________ (emerge)has earned him a reputation.
完成句子
②The government appealed to the public to remain calm __________________.
政府呼吁公众在紧急情况下保持冷静。
③However, when we look a bit deeper, problems ______________.
然而, 当我们再看深一点, 问题开始出现了。
emergency
in case of emergency
begin to emerge
【典句赏析】
New things emerge day after day. 新的事物每天都在出现。
Ⅱ. 核心短语
4. bring. . . to life 赋予……生命, 使……鲜活起来
【教材原句】
History is brought to life. (P8)
历史被赋予了生命。
【词块必记】
true to life 逼真的
make a life 习惯于新的生活方式、工作等
make/earn a/one’s living 谋生
live/lead a. . . life 过着……的生活
come (back) to life 苏醒; 变得活跃; 恢复生气
bring. . . back to life 使……苏醒过来; 给……活力
【知识微练】 单句语法填空
①She has been looking for part-time babysitting jobs these days _______(make) a
living.
②After the earthquake, the villagers tried their best to bring the village back __ life.
完成句子
③ His novels _____ the Victorian Age _____.
他的小说把维多利亚时代的生活写活了。
④When he __________, he found himself lying in a hospital bed.
他苏醒过来以后发现自己躺在一张病床上。
to make
to
bring
to life
came to life
Ⅲ. 经典句式
5. It is hard to give a precise definition. 很难给它下一个精确的定义。
【句型公式】
It+be+adj. +to do. . . , it为形式主语
It+be+adj. +that. . . , it为形式主语
(1)It+be+形容词(possible, obvious, important. . . )+that从句
(2)It+be+名词短语(a pity, a fact, a wonder, an honour, an idea, no wonder. . . )+that从句
(3)It+be+过去分词(said, thought, believed, supposed, reported. . . )+that从句
【知识微练】 完成句子
①It is very clever of you __________ this question.
你能解出这道题目真是太聪明了。
②_____________ a man of your ability shall remain unknown to the world.
像你这样有能力的人不能闻名于世界, 真是可惜。
③_______________ the trip along the Yangtze River will be a better choice.
显而易见, “长江之行”将是更好的选择。
to work out
It is a pity that
It is obvious that
6. While his paintings still had religious themes, they showed real people in a real environment.
虽然他的画仍然有宗教主题, 但它们展示的是真实环境中的真实人物。
【典型例句】
While Tom is very good at science, his brother is absolutely hopeless.
汤姆很擅长理科, 而他的兄弟绝对是不可救药。
【句型公式】
(1)while 引导让步状语从句, 常位于句首;
while还可以作并列连词, 连接两个并列分句, 表示“对比”;
while还可以引导时间状语从句。
(2)引导让步从句的还有although, though, as。
【知识微练】 完成句子
①_______________________, I do not have much time available.
尽管我愿意帮忙, 但是没有多少可用的时间。
②You can go swimming ____________________.
我吃午饭时你可以去游泳。
③The first two services are free, ___________________________.
前两项服务是免费的, 但是第三项服务要花35英镑。
While I am willing to help
while I’m having lunch
while the third costs 35 pounds
【补充要点】
1. breakthrough n. 突破; 重大进展
【教材原句】
An important breakthrough during this period was the use of perspective by Masaccio(1401-1428). (P2)这一时期一个重要的突破是马萨乔(1401-1428)对透视法的运用。
【词块必记】
make/achieve a breakthrough 作出/取得突破性进展
a significant breakthrough in negotiations 谈判中的重大突破
a major breakthrough in cancer research 癌症研究中的重要突破
【知识微练】
写出下列句子中 break through 的含义
①She had finally managed to break through her shyness. ( )
②Scientists think they are beginning to break through in the fight against cancer.
( )
③The sun broke through at last in the afternoon. ( )
④Demonstrators broke through the police cordon. ( )
克服, 战胜
突破, 有重大发现
从云后露出
冲破
2. reputation n. 名声, 名誉; 声望
【教材原句】
While painters as early as Da Vinci had used oil, this technique reached its height with Rembrandt(1606-1669), who gained a reputation as a master of shadow and light. (P2)
尽管早在达芬奇时期一些画家就已经开始使用油彩绘画, 但伦勃朗(1606-1669)使这种技艺达到顶峰, 他获得了“光影大师”的雅称。
【词块必记】
enjoy/have a good/bad reputation 享有良好/坏的声誉
earn/establish/build/lose/ruin/damage one’s reputation
赢得/确立/树立声誉/名誉扫地
of great/good/high/no reputation 很有声望的/享有盛名的/声名狼藉的
live up to one’s reputation不负盛名; 名副其实
【知识微练】 翻译句子
①She soon acquired a reputation as a first-class cook.
_____________________________。
②I’m aware of Mark’s reputation for being late.
_________________________。
她不久就获得了顶级厨师的名声
我知道马克迟到是出了名的
完成句子
③The weather in England ________________________.
英格兰的天气真是名副其实。
④Although he is known to only a few people here, _________________________
_____.
虽然他在这里只有几个人知道, 但他在国外的声誉很大。
is living up to its reputation
his reputation abroad is very
great
3. in particular 尤其, 特别
【教材原句】
In particular, his paintings are set apart from other paintings by their realistic human faces and deep emotional impact. (P2)
特别是他的作品以其逼真的人面和深刻的情感冲击力而区别于其他作品。
【词块必记】
(1)in particular=particularly=especially
尤其, 特别
(2)specially 专门, 特意
【知识微练】 完成句子
①The situation in Ethiopia ___________ is worrying.
埃塞俄比亚的局势尤其令人担忧。
②Keep your office space looking good, ____________________.
保持办公环境的美观, 尤其是你的桌子。
in particular
particularly your desk
选词填空(particularly, especially, specially)
③Grass shears are ________ made to trim grass growing in awkward places.
④The soil must not be overwatered, ____________________ during the first few
weeks.
specially
especially/particularly
4. be fond of 喜欢, 喜爱
【教材原句】 Why are you fond of it (P3)你为什么喜欢它
【词块必记】
be fond of (doing) sth. 喜欢某物/喜欢做某事
grow fond of 喜欢上……
【知识拓展】
fond adj. 喜爱
like v. 喜欢
dislike v. 不喜欢
unlike prep. (介词) 不像
enjoy v. 喜欢
be keen on 喜欢, 热衷于
【知识微练】 句式升级
①(一般词)He likes playing football, which is his favourite.
→(高级词)He ________ playing football, which is his favourite.
②(一般词)In fact, I like Tang poems.
→(高级词)Actually, I __________Tang poems.
is fond of
am fond of
【典句赏析】
As is often the case with other old people, my grandfather is fond of talking about good old days.
和其他老人一样, 我爷爷也喜欢谈论过去的好时光。
5. be worthy of 值得
【典型例句】
Anything worth doing is worthy of being done well.
任何值得做的事都值得做好。
【词块必记】
a worthy cause 正义的事业
a worthy life 有价值的生活
a worthy man 高尚的人
【知识拓展】
(1)主语+be worthy of sth.
主语+be worthy of being done
主语+be worthy to be done
(2)It is worthwhile to do sth. / doing sth.
(3)be (well) worth +doing/n.
【知识微练】
单句语法填空
①I wouldn’t think __ worthwhile to ask him to join the club-He’ll only refuse.
it
一句多译
这个问题值得讨论一下。
②The problem is worth _________.
③The problem ___________be discussed.
④The problem ___________being discussed.
⑤The problem is worthy of _________.
⑥________________discuss the problem.
⑦______________discussing the problem.
discussing
is worthy to
is worthy of
discussion
It is worthwhile to
It is worthwhile
IV.话题写作
假设你是李华, 你们社区将举办 “中国民间音乐节”。请你给在北京学习的英国朋友Jim 写封电子邮件, 邀请他来参加此次活动。内容包括:
1. 活动的时间、地点;
2. 活动的内容;
3. 邀请的理由。
注意: 1. 词数80左右;
2. 可以适当增加细节, 以使行文连贯;
3. 尽量使用本模块学过的词汇和短语。
Step 1 写作技巧
(1)要点写作
根据汉语提示补全句子。
①我写信是想邀请你参加下周末在我们社区举行的中国民间音乐节。
I’m writing to invite you to __________________________________ in our community next weekend.
attend the Chinese Folk Music Festival
②在节日上, 将有各种各样的表演。
At the festival, there will be ___________________.
③这些表演包括民间乐器、民歌、民间歌剧、民间舞蹈等。
These performances include ______________________, folk songs, folk operas, folk dances and so on.
various performances
folk musical instruments
④专业的艺术家和老师将就中国民间音乐的不同方面进行多次讲座。
Professional artists and teachers _____________________ on different aspects of
Chinese folk music.
⑤你一直对中国的民间音乐感兴趣。
You __________________________ Chinese folk music.
will give several lectures
have always been interested in
⑥这是一个让你接触到丰富的音乐氛围的很好的机会。
This is a great chance for you to ___________________________________.
⑦所以你觉得音乐节怎么样
So what _____________ the Music Festival
be exposed to the rich music atmosphere
do you think of
⑧你愿意来。
_________________
⑨请随时与我联系。
_____________________
You’d like to come.
Feel free to contact me.
(2)句式升级
⑩把第②、③句改为含有such as的句式。
At the festival, there will be various performances, such as the performances of folk musical instruments, folk songs, folk operas, folk dances and so on.
把第④句改为被动句式。
Several lectures will be given by professional artists and teachers on different aspects of Chinese folk music.
在第⑥句中加上I think后与第⑤句合并为主从复合句。
Since you have always been interested in Chinese folk music, I think this is a great chance for you to be exposed to the rich music atmosphere.
把第⑧、⑨句合并为主从复合句。
If you’d like to come, feel free to contact me.
Step 2 妙笔成篇
Dear Jim,
I’m writing to invite you to attend the Chinese Folk Music Festival in our community next weekend.
At the festival, there will be various performances, such as the performances of folk musical instruments, folk songs, folk operas, folk dances and so on. Besides, several lectures will be given by professional artists and teachers on different aspects of Chinese folk music. Since you have always been interested in Chinese folk music, I think this is a great chance for you to be exposed to the rich music atmosphere.
So what do you think of the Music Festival If you’d like to come, feel free to contact me.
Yours,
Li Hua选择性必修第三册Unit 1综合能力检测
第一部分 阅读(共两节, 满分50分)
第一节(共15小题; 每小题2. 5分, 满分37. 5分)
阅读下列短文, 从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Welcome to Formosa Zoo!
Our beloved llama(美洲驼), Wally, will be 5 years old on November e and join us to celebrate his birthday.
Grandpa Lin’s Story Time
Where is Wally from
What is Wally’s favorite food
Is Wally married
. . .
Want to know more about Wally
Let Grandpa Lin tell you!
The Little Theater
10: 30 a. m. ~ 11: 30 a. m.
Picture Drawing
Let’s decorate Wally’s home together. Elementary school students are invited to draw pictures of Wally.
Time: 1: 30 p. m. ~ 2: 30 p. m.
Place: Children’s Park
The Birthday Party
Wally will be happy to see you at his birthday party from 3: 00 p. m. to 5: 00 p. m. at Children’s Park.
Come and enjoy cakes, drinks and music, and take pictures with Wally.
Special presents for people who were born on November 14th.
1. If you want to listen to Grandpa Lin’s story, you can go to ________.
A. The Little Theater
B. Grandpa Lin’s home
C. Children’s Park
D. Wally’s home
2. What can we learn from the passage
A. Wally will be 6 years old.
B. Wally’s birthday is on December 14th.
C. Grandpa Lin will tell stories at 10: 30 p. m.
D. The birthday party will begin at 3: 00 p. m.
3. If you go to the birthday party, you can do the following things EXCEPT ________.
A. enjoying cakes and drinks
B. taking pictures with Wally
C. playing computer games
D. listening to music
B
Call it a mobility system or a wheelchair — it can be seen at the Tokyo airport moving on its own. It is helping with social distancing while fighting the spread of the coronavirus. It also helps older passengers and those who otherwise need assistance walking the last few steps to the boarding gate.
The mobility system seats one person and runs on its own without hitting anything. It has a pre-programmed path of about 600 meters at Tokyo’s Haneda International Airport. It was shown on Monday by WHILL, the company behind the technology.
WHILL Chief Executive Satoshi Sugie said robotics and self-driving technology reduce the need for a human at the wheel. They are good for these times of “living with” coronavirus. The ride lasts several minutes. It travels from the security area to the boarding gate at a speed of 3. 5 kilometers per hour. But many people hope the technology can help in other places, such as hospitals or parks. The technology uses sensors and cameras to see a clear path and avoid hitting those walking toward it. It could also help Japan free up laborers. Japan, like many other nations, suffers from a labor shortage. The technology could free a worker to do another job.
Tests have been carried out at several airports since last year, including John F. Kennedy International Airport in New York. The company hopes to put it in airports around the world.
The person on the machine can start or stop it through a simple controller. It runs on batteries and is programmed to return to where it started when its passenger gets off. Anyone needing help walking long distances can use it at Terminal One at Haneda airport. It is called the “last-mile mobility, ”says WHILL.
4. What do we know about the mobility system
A. It can seat more than one person.
B. It runs with the assistance of a controller.
C. It helps older passengers to the boarding gate.
D. It has a flexible path of about 600 meters.
5. What does the underlined word “They” in Paragraph 3 refer to
A. Humans at the wheel.
B. The needs for human beings.
C. These times of “living with” coronavirus.
D. Robotics and self-driving technology.
6. What plays an essential part in the technology
A. Sensors and cameras.
B. The speed of the machine.
C. The path of the ride.
D. The distance of the ride.
7. What can we infer from the last two paragraphs
A. The system runs completely on its own.
B. The system has been put into use in the US.
C. WHILL will continue to test the system in airports worldwide.
D. The system is controlled by a passenger to return to the start.
C
Georgia O’Keeffe always thought of herself as an artist. By 1928, the rest of the world did, too. At the age of 41 she was living in New York City and becoming a well-known painter. Still, O’Keeffe wasn’t happy. New York had been a good source of ideas for almost ten years. Now those ideas were drying up. O’Keeffe felt like she needed a change. She had visited New Mexico in 1917 with her sister. The wide open space had thrilled her. “Maybe I should go back, ” she thought. In April of 1929, O’Keeffe packed her bags.
The wide open space of New Mexico drew O’Keeffe in. She spent hours just watching the sky change. Because the light was so clear, she felt like she could see for the first time. The beauty of the land renewed her. She couldn’t wait to start painting. Cow and horse skulls and desert flowers filled her canvases (画布). The colors of the desert inspired O’Keeffe. As a result, she made new choices in her artwork. “The color up there is different, ” she explained. She loved the dusty blues and greens.
That August, O’Keeffe went home to New York. It was the start of a pattern. Each spring, she traveled to New Mexico to paint. These trips restored her spirit. Then, in the fall, she would return to New York. There, she showed her work. Each time O’Keeffe visited New Mexico, she explored a little more.
The bleached(漂白的, 晒白的) animal bones and skulls that O’Keeffe found excited her because she could see their special beauty. The bones didn’t mean death to O’Keeffe. To her, they showed the lasting beauty of the desert. The landscapes, clear light, and bright colors also spoke to her. She often painted close-ups of the rocks and mountains. Later, she began to travel more in search of new ideas. However, she always came back to New Mexico.
As O’Keeffe grew older, her eyesight began to fail. Still, O’Keeffe wasn’t ready to give up. Her friend Juan Hamilton helped her work with watercolors. He also taught her to sculpt. As a result, she made art into her 90s. When she died at the age of 98, Hamilton sprinkled her ashes over the desert. Her body became part of the land that had touched her art and her life.
8. Why was O’Keeffe unhappy in New York in 1928
A. Because she was lack of the creative ideas.
B. Because she felt disappointed about her job.
C. Because she was not successful as an artist.
D. Because she felt bored about life in a big city.
9. After her trips to New Mexico, O’Keeffe ______.
A. received great reputation there
B. discovered the meaning in her life
C. chose to settle down in that country
D. got new thoughts from the scenery
10. What can we know about O’Keeffe from the passage
A. She was never afraid of failure and death.
B. She was devoted and passionate about art.
C. She was patient with the coming chances.
D. She was curious about the nature of people.
11. Which of the following could be the best title for this article
A. Lifestyle in the Desert
B. Special Love for Art
C. Inspiration from the Desert
D. Modern Women Artists
D
Martha Graham, born in 1894, was one of the most famous dancers and creators of dance, whose influence on dance has been compared with the influence Picasso had on the modern visual arts, Stravinsky had on music, or Frank Lloyd Wright had on architecture. She created almost two hundred dance pieces. She is often called the Mother of Modern Dance.
Earlier in her life, however, Martha did not know that she would become a dancer. At that time, the dancers were looked down on. So Martha’s parents didn’t approve of her desire to dance at the beginning. Until 1916, she began her studies at the newly created Denishawn School of Dancing and Related Arts, founded by Ruth St. Denis and Ted Shawn, where Graham worked very hard to improve her ability to dance because she was considered too old to begin dancing.
In 1936, Graham made her defining work, Chronicle, which signaled the beginning of a new era in modern dance. The dance brought serious issues to the stage for the general public in a dramatic manner. Influenced by the Wall Street Crash of 1929, the Great Depression that followed, and the Spanish Civil War, it focused on depression and isolation, reflected in the dark nature of both the set and costumes.
Graham continued to dance past the age of seventy. Once again, she was met with criticism from people who came to watch her shows. But she didn’t give up. Her last completed ballet was 1990’s Maple Leaf Rag. A Dancer’s World is an introduction to Graham and her work. She tells about her dances and her dance group shows some of their methods.
Martha Graham received many awards during her lifetime, including the Presidential Medal of Freedom in 1976. She was the first dancer to receive the country’s highest civilian honor. She died in 1991. In 1998, Time magazine listed her as the “Dancer of the Century” and as one of the most important people of the twentieth century.
12. Why are some famous artists mentioned in Paragraph 1
A. To show Martha Graham was influenced greatly by them.
B. To show Martha Graham kept in touch with them regularly.
C. To show Martha Graham had a great effect on modern dance.
D. To show Martha Graham liked to make more friends with them.
13. Why didn’t Martha’s parents approve of her desire to dance at first
A. She was too old to learn American dance.
B. American dance was seen as a lower art form.
C. There was no academic school to teach dancing.
D. Her family was too poor to afford her tuition.
14. When Martha Graham continued to dance in her 70s, she________.
A. was warmly welcomed by the youth
B. achieved huge success once again
C. received many awards for her age
D. was attacked by people
15. What is the text mainly about
A. The background of modern dance in America.
B. The development of modern dance in America.
C. Martha Graham and her achievements in dance.
D. The awards Martha Graham won in her life.
第二节(共5小题; 每小题2. 5分, 满分12. 5分)
阅读下面短文, 从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Fishing is a great family sport, and a fun summertime activity. 16 . If you have never fished before it can seem very complicated. Expert fishers know when and where to find certain fish and the best technique to catch each fish. Expert knowledge comes from years of experience. 17 .
As a beginner you will want to use a technique called“Bait(鱼饵) Fishing”. This type of fishing is probably the easiest technique for catching fish. You will need some basic fishing equipment, which you can get at almost any outdoor gear store. You will have to have a rod and fishing line, hooks, some bait and if you are planning on keeping the fish, you will need something to store the fish.
The best way to learn how to fish is to learn from someone who already knows, so when planning your fishing trip, be sure to bring along someone who has fished before. 18 , you will need to decide where to go fishing. Probably for the first time you will want to go to a local lake, where the water is calm and there are plenty of fish. You should also try to research the different types of fish that live in the place you decide to fish, so you know what types of bait they like to eat and what you want to do with the fish once you have caught it.
19 , you probably want to clean the fish, then store it before continuing fishing. If you want to release the fish, be extra careful when removing the hook, so it doesn’t get hurt too badly, then gently hold the fish in the water and allow it to swim away out of your hands.
20 . Take some time to learn from an expert and you will be able to catch all types of fish using a wide variety of methods.
A. If you want to keep the fish
B. After you have decided to go fishing
C. Once your hook and bait is in the water
D. Now you have a very basic understanding of fishing
E. There are many different species of fish and types of fishing
F. Here are a few simple and basic fishing tips to get you started
G. At this point you will need to determine if you want to keep the fish
第二部分 语言运用(共两节, 满分30分)
第一节(共15小题; 每小题1分, 满分15分)
阅读下面短文, 从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Byrd is in her eighth year of teaching at Wilder Elementary in Mansfield. She has taught fifth grader Fisher Croney every year since he was in kindergarten. Fisher 21 in the class by helping in Byrd’s classroom whenever he has free time after class.
Byrd also 22 Fisher’s mother, Shannon Croney, as an acquaintance. They would occasionally chat at their boys’ baseball games. She had heard that Croney was having some 23 problems. In January 2019 Croney received a routine blood test and found her kidneys (肾)were not 24 normally. After going through a string of tests, doctors could not figure what caused her kidneys to 25 . But Byrd didn’t know what the 26 was until she saw a post from Fisher around Christmas of 2019. It was 27 to help his mother find a kidney. Byrd did not 28 to help. In March, Byrd, learned that she and Croney were a close 29 . Even doctors were 30 that they were not related in blood.
Byrd was in the hospital for 31 in June. She was never 32 about the transplant(移植). Actually, she felt honored that her donation enabled another person to live a totally 33 life.
Today, both women are doing well. They are turning their 34 to another member of their community, who is also sick and 35 a kidney transplant.
21. A. gives out B. stands out C. looks about D. sits about
22. A. learned B. met C. taught D. knew
23. A. family B. behavior C. communication D. health
24. A. functioning B. growing C. forming D. beating
25. A. miss B. ache C. fail D. improve
26. A. schedule B. issue C. offer D. opportunity
27. A. intended B. allowed C. persuaded D. urged
28. A. respond B. hesitate C. confirm D. attend
29. A. encounter B. relative C. neighbor D. match
30. A. excited B. embarrassed C. surprised D. relieved
31. A. surgery B. practice C. recovery D. training
32. A. curious B. nervous C. certain D. frank
33. A. normal B. casual C. strange D. dependent
34. A. back B. faith C. attention D. respect
35. A. in favor of B. in memory of C. in recognition of D. in need of
第二节(共10小题; 每小题1. 5分, 满分15分)
阅读下面短文, 在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
It’s not surprising that we feel blue during the winter months. There’s even a recognized form of winter depression—Seasonal Affective Disorder (SAD). Scientists think that many factors may result 36. ________ the problem.
Many of us know those 37. ________ have mild cognitive (认知的) problems seem to function less well during the winter. A study of 3, 353 older adults confirmed this and 38. ________ (suggest) that winter might be the most likely season to get an Alzheimer’s diagnosis. Not only that 39. ________ other research shows that younger adults have a 40. ________ (bad) memory and attention in the colder months than the old. Doctors say getting enough sleep will improve memory and 41. ________(concentrate).
What person with joint aches and pains doesn’t complain about feeling more terrible during winter Some doctors think it’s linked to 42. ________(change) in barometric (气压的) pressure. And, of course, when the weather is bad, we’re less likely 43. ________(exercise). But in fact staying active will help keep your joints supple (有弹性的) and 44. ________ (strength) your muscles. Just a few minutes every day will help. And it’s important to maintain a healthy weight, as extra kilos put extra pressure on joints.
So if you feel down or moody in winter, try to get outdoors as much as possible to ensure enough sleep, make the most of the available daylight and take regular exercise. Only in these ways can we 45. ________(succeed) get rid of winter depression.
第三部分 写作(共两节, 满分40分)
第一节(满分15分)
假定你是李华, 你校将举办艺术节。请写封邮件邀请你校外教David 参加, 内容包括:
1. 写信目的;
2. 时间、地点;
3. 活动安排。
注意: 1. 词数 80 左右;
2. 可以适当增加细节, 以使行文连贯。
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第二节(满分25分)
阅读下面材料, 根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段, 使之构成一篇完整的短文。
When I was 17, I read a magazine article about a museum called the McNay Art Museum, once the home of a watercolorist named Marian McNay. She had requested the community to turn it into a museum upon her death. On a sunny Saturday, Sally and I drove over to the museum.
“Do you have the address ” Sally asked while we were on the way.
“No, but I will recognize it. There was a picture in the magazine. ” I answered confidently.
“Oh there it is. ” I pulled my car slowly over a house which seemed like a house with heavy smell of life rather than a former residence(故居).
Surprisingly, nobody was at the gate and admission was free. We opened the door and entered, excited. A group of people sitting around a table stopped chatting and stared at us.
A sweet girl in her teens locked her eyes on us and welcomed us with a sweet smile, “Hello, but who are you looking for ”
A man stood up and said almost at the same time “May I help you ”
“No, ” I said. “We’re fine. ”
Tour guides got on my nerves. What if they talked a long time about a painting you were not that interested in Sally had gone upstairs. The people in the hall seemed very confused, keeping their eyes on me with curiosity. What was their problem Some nice sculptures were well placed along the staircases (楼梯) and some paintings from Van Gogh or Picasso were hanging on walls and I appreciated them and highly praised the most beautiful house. Suddenly a picture of a man surrounded by a warm family caught my eyes and I also spotted the sweet girl among them.
“This is the most beautiful house I have visited. ” said I, turning sharply, almost scaring the girl standing behind me.
“The most beautiful house The most beautiful house! ” She murmured.
“Am I at the McNay Art Museum ” asked I.
注意: 续写词数应为150左右。
She smiled, shaking her head. “Sorry, the McNay Art Museum is on another street. ”
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Years later, after a public speech, a woman approached and thanked me, asking whether I once entered a house, thinking it was the McNay Art Museum.
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参考答案
第一部分 阅读(共两节, 满分50分)
第一节(共15小题; 每小题2. 5分, 满分37. 5分)
A
【文章大意】这是一篇应用文。文章讲述了动物园Formosazhong中美洲驼Wally要过生日了, 邀请大家一起来参加她的生日聚会。
1. 【解析】选A。细节理解题。根据Want to know more about Wally Let Grandpa Lin tell you! The Little Theater”可知, 想听林爷爷讲故事, 可以去The Little Theater。故选A。
2. 【解析】选D。细节理解题。根据倒数第三段 “Wally will be happy to see you at his birthday party from 3: 00 p. m. to 5: 00 p. m. at Children’s Park. ”可知, Wally的生日聚会将于下午3点开始。故选D。
3.【解析】选C。细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“Come and enjoy cakes, drinks and music, and take pictures with Wally. ”可知, 在Wally的生日聚会上可以吃蛋糕, 喝饮料, 听音乐, 并和Wally合影, 但没有提到玩电脑游戏。故选C。
B
【文章大意】本文是一篇议论文, 主要讲述了在机场使用的移动系统或轮椅可自行移动, 在与冠状病毒的传播做斗争的同时, 它有助于社会隔离, 还可以帮助年长的乘客和其他需要帮助的人走最后几步到登机口。
4. 【解析】选C。细节理解题。根据第一段的 It also helps older passengers and those who otherwise need assistance walking the last few steps to the boarding gate. 可知, 出行系统可以帮助年长的乘客到达登机口。故选C。
5. 【解析】选D。词义猜测题。根据上文的WHILL Chief Executive Satoshi Sugie said robotics and self-driving technology reduce the need for a human at the wheel. 可知They are good for these times of “living with” coronavirus. 中They指的是机器人技术和自动驾驶技术。故选D。
6. 【解析】选A。细节理解题。根据第三段The technology uses sensors and cameras to see a clear path and avoid hitting those walking toward it. 可知, 传感器和照相机在这项技术中起着至关重要的作用。故选A。
7. 【解析】选C。推理判断题。根据第四段可知, 威尔将继续在全球机场测试该系统。故选C。
C
【文章大意】本文讲述了画家乔治娅·奥·吉弗每年春天都从纽约出发到新墨西哥州的沙漠里挖掘艺术灵感的故事。
8. 【解析】选A。细节理解题。根据第一段中的“New York had been a good source of ideas for almost ten years. Now those ideas were drying up. ”可知, 近十年来, 纽约一直是一个很好的创意源泉。现在, 那些想法正在枯竭, 由此可知, 1928年, 乔治娅·奥·吉弗在纽约生活得并不开心是因为她缺乏创作灵感, 故A项正确。
9. 【解析】选D。细节理解题。根据第二段中的“The beauty of the land renewed her. ”及第三段中的“These trips restored her spirit. ”可知, 新墨西哥州的景色让她精神焕发, 给了她新的想法, 故D项正确。
10. 【解析】选B。推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“As O’Keeffe grew older, her eyesight began to fail. Still, O’Keeffe wasn’t ready to give up. Her friend Juan Hamilton helped her work with watercolors. He also taught her to sculpt. As a result, she made art into her 90s. ”可知, 随着奥·吉弗年龄的增长, 她的视力开始衰退。不过, 奥·吉弗还不想放弃, 她的朋友胡安·汉密尔顿帮助她画水彩, 他还教她雕刻。结果, 她90多岁时还在从事艺术创作。由此判断出, 乔治娅·奥·吉弗对艺术倾注了毕生的热情, 故B项正确。
11. 【解析】选C。标题归纳题。通读全文可知, 本文主要讲述了乔治娅·奥·吉弗每年春天都从纽约出发到新墨西哥州的沙漠里挖掘艺术灵感的故事, 所以“来自沙漠的灵感”为文章最佳标题。故C项正确。
D
【文章大意】文章介绍了玛莎·葛兰姆, 最著名的舞蹈家和舞蹈创造者之一。
12. 【解析】选C。推理判断题。根据第一段: 玛莎·葛兰姆, 生于1894年, 是最著名的舞蹈家和舞蹈创造者之一, 她对舞蹈界的影响就像毕加索对现代可视艺术, 斯特拉文斯基对音乐以及弗兰克·劳埃德·赖特对建筑的影响一样大。可知她对现代舞蹈的影响很大。
13. 【解析】选B。细节理解题。根据第二段可知, 由于当时舞蹈家是被人看不起的职业, 因此父母反对她学习舞蹈。
14. 【解析】选D。细节理解题。根据倒数第二段可知, 玛莎·葛兰姆七十多岁还在跳舞, 又一次遇到观众的批评。因此她受到了人们的抨击。
15. 【解析】选C。主旨大意题。全文讲述了舞蹈家玛莎·葛兰姆以及她在现代舞蹈界所取得的成就。
第二节(共5小题; 每小题2. 5分, 满分12. 5分)
【文章大意】这是一篇说明文。文章作者讲述了一些简单而基本的钓鱼技巧。
16. 【解析】选E。根据前文提到“钓鱼是一项很棒的家庭运动, 也是一项有趣的夏季活动”和后文提到“如果你从来没有钓过鱼, 这看起来会很复杂”可知, 选项E“有许多不同种类的鱼和捕鱼方式”符合语境。
17. 【解析】选F。根据前文提到“专业知识来自多年的经验”以及后文分段陈述钓鱼的技巧可知, F项“下面是一些简单而基本的让你开始钓鱼的技巧, ”承接上文同时也统领下文。
18. 【解析】选B。根据空格后的逗号可知, 空格处一定是从句; 又根据后半句“你需要决定去哪里钓鱼”可知, B项“在你决定去钓鱼之后”和后半句构成时间的先后关系。
19. 【解析】选A。根据后文“你可能需要清洗这些鱼, 然后在继续捕鱼之前储存起来”可知A项是下半句的“条件”。同时也和下文“如果你想把鱼放出来, 在卸鱼钩的时候要格外小心, 这样鱼就不会受到太大的伤害, 然后轻轻地把鱼放在水里, 让它从你的手中游走”构成平行并列关系。所以A项切题。
20. 【解析】选D。根据后文“花些时间向专家学习, 你将能够用各种各样的方法捕捉各种类型的鱼”和对上文的综合分析可知, D选项“现在你对钓鱼有了基本的了解”既是对上文的总结也和下文构成并列补充关系, 所以D项切题。
第二部分 语言运用(共两节, 满分30分)
第一节(共15小题; 每小题1分, 满分15分)
【文章大意】这是一篇记叙文。文章介绍了一个名叫Byrd的老师热心救助病人, 捐献肾脏使病人过上正常生活的故事。
21. 【解析】选B。根据后文“by helping in Byrd’s classroom whenever he has free time after class”可知, Fisher是个热心助人的好学生, 应该是表现突出。故选B项。
22.【解析】选D。根据后文“as an acquaintance”以及下文中他们的聊天, 可知他们认识。故选D项。
23.【解析】选D。根据后文“In January 2019 Croney received a routine blood test and found her kidneys were not ______normally. ”可知, Croney的肾脏不正常, 所以有些健康问题。故选D项。
24. 【解析】选A。根据下文提到的“the transplant”可知, Croney的肾功能不正常。故选A项。
25. 【解析】选C。句意: 在经过一系列测试后, 医生无法找出是什么导致她的肾脏衰竭。根据下文Croney接受了肾脏移植手术, 可知, 她的肾脏衰竭。fail失败, 衰竭。故选C项。
26. 【解析】选B。句意: 但直到在2019年圣诞节前后, Byrd看到了Fisher一个帖子, 她才知道问题出在哪里。此处指“问题”出在哪里。故选B项。
27. 【解析】选A。Fisher发帖子目的是找肾源。be intended to. . . 意为“是为了……”。故选A项。
28.【解析】选B。根据后文Byrd为病人捐献了一个肾脏可知, Byrd“毫不犹豫”提供帮助。故选B项。
29. 【解析】选D。match匹配, 相匹配的人。根据后文可知她们肾移植成功了, 所以她们是相匹配的。故选D项。
30. 【解析】选C。她们没有血缘关系, 却能够做移植手术, 这种现象比较少见, 所以连医生都惊讶。故选C项。
31. 【解析】选A。根据“She was never ______about the transplant. ”可知, Byrd在医院做移植手术。故选A项。
32. 【解析】选B。根据后文“Actually, she felt honored that her donation enabled another person to live a totally ______life. ”可知, Byrd因能帮助别人感到很荣幸, 对于移植手术不紧张。故选B项。
33.【解析】选A。根据医学常识以及后文“Today, both women are doing well. ”可知, 病人过上了完全正常的生活。故选A项。
34. 【解析】选C。根据后文可知, 社区里又有个病人, They指Byrd(帮助者)和Croney(受帮助者)都有一颗爱心, 此处指她们的“注意力”又转移到救助别的病人上去了。故选C项。
35. 【解析】选D。in favor of赞同; in memory of纪念; in recognition of为酬谢; in need of需要。根据前文“sick”和后文“a kidney transplant”可知, 另一名成员生病了, 需要肾移植。故选D项。
第二节(共10小题; 每小题1. 5分, 满分15分)
【文章大意】这是一篇说明文。文章指出人们容易在冬天产生抑郁情绪, 研究表明冬天老年人易发老年痴呆症, 年轻人的记忆力和注意力也会下降, 而冬季气压变化和人们活动变少也会导致关节疼痛, 为减缓此类情况, 医生建议冬天多去户外、保证睡眠、充分利用阳光以及有规律地锻炼身体。
36. 【解析】in。考查动词短语。句意: 科学家们认为很多因素会导致这一问题出现。上文指出了冬天人们容易情绪低落这一现象, 这里要表示这种问题是由很多因素导致的, 应使用result in表示“导致的, 结果是”。故填in。
37. 【解析】who。考查定语从句。句意: 我们很多人都知道那些有着轻微认知问题的人似乎在冬天会表现不太好。分析句子结构可知, 空处前句成分完整, 后句缺少主语。考虑定语从句, those为先行词, 指代人, 关系代词只能用who。故填who。
38. 【解析】suggested。考查时态。句意: 一项针对3353位老年人的研究证实了这一点, 表明冬天可能是最容易患上阿尔茨海默症的季节。这里suggest与并列的谓语动词confirmed时态应保持一致, 使用一般过去时。故填suggested。
39. 【解析】but。考查连词。句意: 不仅如此, 其他研究也表明在较冷的月份年轻人比起老年人来记忆力和注意力都更差。这里应用not only. . . but(also)结构, 符合句意表达的递进逻辑。故填but。
40. 【解析】worse。考查形容词比较级。由下文中的“than the old”可知这里是将年轻人和老年人作比较, 应使用bad的比较级worse表示“更糟的, 更差的”。
41. 【解析】concentration。考查名词。句意: 医生称获得充足的睡眠会改善记忆力和专注力。分析句子可知, 空处和memory并列作improve的宾语, 要用名词形式concentration表示“专注、专心”。
42. 【解析】changes。考查名词。句意: 某些医生认为这与气压改变有关。分析句子可知, 这里change作to的宾语, 要用名词形式。change表示“(气压的)改变、变化”, 是可数名词, 其前无不定冠词, 结合句意应使用复数形式。故填changes。
43. 【解析】to exercise。考查非谓语动词。句意: 当然, 天气不好时, 我们不太可能去锻炼。而事实上保持活动会帮助你保持关节弹性和肌肉强健。be likely to do sth. 意为“可能做某事”, 其后要接动词不定式。故填to exercise。
44. 【解析】strengthen。考查动词。此处与and连接的动词keep并列, 要用strength的动词形式strengthen表示“加强、强化(肌肉)”。
45. 【解析】successfully。考查副词。句意: 只有通过这些方法我们才能成功地摆脱冬季抑郁情绪。分析句子可知, 句子主干成分完整, 考虑空白处作状语, 需要副词successfully修饰动词短语get rid of。故填successfully。
第三部分 写作(共两节, 满分40分)
第一节(满分15分)
【参考范文】
Dear David,
Knowing that you are an art enthusiast, I’m writing to invite you to our school art festival.
It is scheduled to take place at the school playground on Sunday from 9 a. m. to approximately 6 p. m. A wide range of appealing activities will be held. Not only will you be able to appreciate Chinese art forms, such as calligraphy, but you will also have the chance to experience some of them if you wish. This is indeed a cultural display that you can’t afford to miss.
We look forward to your involvement. Please let us know if you can come.
Yours,
Li Hua
第二节(满分25分)
【参考范文】
She smiled, shaking her head. “Sorry, the McNay Art Museum is on another street. ” “What’s this place ” I asked still confused. “It’s my home. ” she said with a sweet smile and her answer shocked me. Recovering from the shock, I raced to the staircase and called Sally to come down immediately. I pushed her towards the front door, waving at the family and asking them to forgive us for breaking into their beautiful house. Outside, when I told Sally what had happened, she covered her mouth, laughing.
Years later, after a public speech, a woman approached and thanked me, asking whether I once entered a house, thinking it was the McNay Art Museum. “Yes. But how do you know We never told anyone. ”I asked in surprise. “That was my home. I was the girl saying hello to you in the hall. ”I locked my eyes on her and could figure out the familiar sweet smile. She told me she never felt lucky before we came over and she never realized what a beautiful house she once lived in. Her feeling about her home changed after that and she had always wanted to thank me.
