选择性必修第三册Unit 2单元词汇默写本
Ⅰ. 核心单词
1. ______________ vt. & n. 滥用; 虐待; 辱骂
2. ______________ vt. 促进; 促使; 使便利
3. ______________ vt. (仔细)检查; 审查; 测验
4. ______________ adj. 消极的; 有害的; 否定的
5. ______________ vt. 自我控制; 管教; 处罚
n. 自制力; 纪律; 学科
6. ______________ vt. 跳过; 不参加; 悄悄溜走
vi. 蹦蹦跳跳地走; 跳绳
n. 蹦跳
7. ______________ vt. 激发; 促进; 刺激
8. ______________ adj. 充满活力的; 精力充沛的; 动态的
9. ______________ vt. 吸引全部注意力; 吸收
10. ______________ vt. 提高; 增强; 增进
Ⅱ. 拓展单词
1. dominate vt. & vi. 支配; 控制; 占有优势→______________ n. 支配; 控制→______________ adj. 占支配地位的; 占优势的; 显著的
2. psychology n. 心理学; 心理; 心理影响→______________adj. 心理上的
3. reward vt. &n. 回报; 奖励; 报酬; 给以报酬→______________ adj. 有益的; 报酬高的
4. rely vi. 依赖; 依靠; 信赖→______________ n. 依赖; 依靠; 信赖→______________ adj. 可靠的; 可信赖的
5. pessimistic adj. 悲观的; 悲观主义的→______________ n. 悲观→______________ n. 悲观主义者
6. delete v. 删去; 删除→______________ n. 删除
7. surgeon n. 外科医生→______________ n. 外科手术; 外科学
8. liberate v. 解放; 使自由→______________ n. 解放; 摆脱
9. disturb vt. 打扰; 搅乱; 使烦恼→______________ adj. 令人不安的; 引起烦恼的→______________ adj. 心神不安的; 心烦意乱的
10. refresh vt. 使恢复精力; 使凉爽; 刷新→______________ adj. 提神的; 使人精力充沛的
III.核心短语
1. ______________ 回答; 答复
2. ______________ 依赖; 依靠; 信赖
3. ______________ 立即; 马上
4. ______________ 决定; 选定
5. ______________ 下定决心
6. ______________ 由……组成(或构成)的
7. ______________ 剃掉; 刮去
8. ______________ 焦虑不安; 心力交瘁
9. ______________ 筋疲力尽的; 疲惫的
10. ______________ 控制; 掌控
IV.经典句式
1. 句型公式: if条件状语从句的省略
These bad habits, ______________(如果不被控制), could lead to more serious ones when they become adults.
2. 句型公式: to do不定式在句子中充当主语
______________(改变坏习惯) is never easy, even with many attempts.
3. 句型公式: so. . . that “如此……以至于”引导结果状语从句。
I got ______________(如此受吸引以至于) I played the games day and night.
4. 句型公式: 现在分词作结果状语
It has enhanced the quality of my life, ______________(增强我的健康, 提升我的幸福).
参考答案
Ⅰ. 核心单词
1. abuse vt. & n. 滥用; 虐待; 辱骂
2. facilitate vt. 促进; 促使; 使便利
3. examine vt. (仔细)检查; 审查; 测验
4. negative adj. 消极的; 有害的; 否定的
5. discipline vt. 自我控制; 管教; 处罚
n. 自制力; 纪律; 学科
6. skip vt. 跳过; 不参加; 悄悄溜走
vi. 蹦蹦跳跳地走; 跳绳
n. 蹦跳
7. stimulate vt. 激发; 促进; 刺激
8. dynamic adj. 充满活力的; 精力充沛的; 动态的
9. absorb vt. 吸引全部注意力; 吸收
10. enhance vt. 提高; 增强; 增进
Ⅱ. 拓展单词
1. dominate vt. & vi. 支配; 控制; 占有优势→dominance n. 支配; 控制→dominant adj. 占支配地位的; 占优势的; 显著的
2. psychology n. 心理学; 心理; 心理影响→psychological adj. 心理上的
3. reward vt. &n. 回报; 奖励; 报酬; 给以报酬→rewarding adj. 有益的; 报酬高的
4. rely vi. 依赖; 依靠; 信赖→reliance n. 依赖; 依靠; 信赖→reliable adj. 可靠的; 可信赖的
5. pessimistic adj. 悲观的; 悲观主义的→pessimism n. 悲观→pessimist n. 悲观主义者
6. delete v. 删去; 删除→deletion n. 删除
7. surgeon n. 外科医生→surgery n. 外科手术; 外科学
8. liberate v. 解放; 使自由→liberation n. 解放; 摆脱
9. disturb vt. 打扰; 搅乱; 使烦恼→disturbing adj. 令人不安的; 引起烦恼的→disturbed adj. 心神不安的; 心烦意乱的
10. refresh vt. 使恢复精力; 使凉爽; 刷新→refreshing adj. 提神的; 使人精力充沛的
III.核心短语
1. in response to 回答; 答复
2. rely on 依赖; 依靠; 信赖
3. straight away 立即; 马上
4. decide on 决定; 选定
5. make up one’s mind 下定决心
6. be composed of 由……组成(或构成)的
7. shave off 剃掉; 刮去
8. stressed out 焦虑不安; 心力交瘁
9. worn out 筋疲力尽的; 疲惫的
10. be in control of 控制; 掌控
IV.经典句式
1. 句型公式: if条件状语从句的省略
These bad habits, if left unchecked(如果不被控制), could lead to more serious ones when they become adults.
2. 句型公式: to do不定式在句子中充当主语
To change bad habits(改变坏习惯) is never easy, even with many attempts.
3. 句型公式: so. . . that “如此……以至于”引导结果状语从句。
I got so absorbed that (如此受吸引以至于) I played the games day and night.
4. 句型公式: 现在分词作结果状语
It has enhanced the quality of my life, improving my health and increasing my happiness(增强我的健康, 提升我的幸福). 选择性必修三 Unit 2 Healthy Lifestyle
Ⅰ. 单句语法填空
1. (2020·新高考全国Ⅰ卷)In the mid-1990s, Tom Bissell taught English as a volunteer in Uzbekistan. He left after seven months, __________ (physical) broken and having lost his mind.
2. (2020·江苏高考)We are __________(repeat) willing to imagine we have found most of what is left to discover.
3. (2020·新高考全国Ⅰ卷)When he was 16, Molai began to notice something __________ (disturb) happening around his home.
Ⅱ. 完成句子
1. It was bad manners __________________________ last night.
昨天晚上用吵闹的音乐打扰你的邻居是不礼貌的。
2. The team __________________________ win the championship.
这个队伍对于能够赢得冠军不抱任何希望。
3. For a decade __________________________ healthy lifestyle, which ultimately made him an expert in his field.
十年来, 他一直专注于健康生活方式的研究, 终于成了行业内的专家。
4. His parents tried to persuade him to stay in the local city to live a life of leisure, __________________________ in the countryside.
他的父母力劝他留在当地城市过一种闲适的生活, 但他早已下定决心在乡村工作。
5. __________________________ the result of my blood test, the health consultant suspected that I might be infected with virus. He suggested that I should either do another test __________________________.
健康顾问查看了我的血液检验结果, 怀疑我感染了病毒, 他建议我要么再做检查, 要么立即去看医生。
Ⅲ. 语法填空(黑体词为本单元重点词汇)
Life is 1. _____________ (compose) of many elements, such as family, friends, study, work, entertainment and so on. If one element 2. _____________ (dominate) your life and the others are ignored, you will lose balance and fail to take control of your life. Many people get into the cycle of coming home from work and watching TV or surfing the Internet. Relaxing 3. _____________ this may seem, it is 4. _____________ (appropriate) in the long term for personal growth. It is essential to be 5. _____________ (discipline) and make up your mind 6. _____________ (start) a change in your life. Set yourself goals which may serve as 7. _____________ (stimulate) to provide proper guidance. Once you resist allowing work to make you feel 8. _____________ (pessimism), you will get rid of the feeling of being worn 9. _____________ and be rewarded with 10. _____________ sense of accomplishment.
IV.阅读理解
A
When you’re a teen you start being more aware of what other people think. There seems to be a “right” thing to wear, or say, or do. There also seem to be things that you shouldn’t do—things that could be embarrassing, or lose your points with friends. This can lead to social anxiety.
Some kids feel so anxious that they develop something called social anxiety disorder (障碍), which is diagnosed (诊断) when you worry so much about how you appear to others that you stop doing things you need to and want to do for fear of embarrassing yourself.
Kids with social anxiety disorder aren’t just nervous when they’re at parties or giving a speech in class. Even small interactions (互动), like answering a question in class or eating with friends in the cafeteria can feel extremely scary to kids with social anxiety disorder. That’s because they fear they might accidentally do something embarrassing or offensive, and it will make others judge or even reject them.
And while kids who are just shy will gradually warm up to new people and situations over time, kids with social anxiety don’t. Shyness might hold you back to some degree from doing things, but it won’t deeply influence your ability to do your job as a teenager, which is to function in school, function in your family, and to have friends and be a part of your peer-related community. But social anxiety will.
Many teens experience anxiety disorders. Being brave and telling someone how you feel might seem scary, but if you can get over that obstacle, someone will want to listen. Asking for help can be hard, but it is really important.
1. What is the main cause of social anxiety
A. Lack of friendship.
B. One’s appearance.
C. School performance.
D. Other’s judgment.
2. Who is most likely to be diagnosed with social anxiety
A. Alice, who skips school to avoid answering questions in class.
B. David, who always thinks he can’t do as well as his classmates.
C. Chris, who feels nervous every time he gives a speech in public.
D. Jenny, who has been in low spirits since she failed the last exam.
3. Social anxiety disorder differs from shyness in that ______.
A. it influences people around you
B. it only makes your grades suffer
C. it greatly affects your normal life
D. it is related to your study or work
4. What is the best title for the text
A. What Is Social Anxiety Disorder
B. How Social Fear Ruins Relationships
C. Why Teens Suffer from Social Anxiety
D. When Anxiety Disorders Go Unnoticed
B
With the COVID-19 virus sweeping the globe, the science on quitting smoking offers welcome news for smokers who want to build up their defenses in case they contract the virus. Though it may still take many months for a smoker’s lungs to heal from damage caused by long-term smoking, your health can noticeably improve in the days and weeks after quitting in ways that could make a difference against the virus. COVID-19 creates an added sense of urgency, and there’s enough reason to believe that quitting smoking during the pandemic(疫情)could increase your opportunities of fighting off the virus.
If you make the decision to quit, the cilia(纤毛)in your lungs are one of the first parts of your body to heal. These hair-like projections wave back and forth like a brush as air moves in and out of your lungs. They help your body fight off colds and infection. They also help clear mucus(黏液), so if they’re not functioning as well as they should, mucus can build up in the lungs. Your body’s tendency to cough during an infection helps inspire the bodily process of clearing out mucus. That’s vital in fighting the COVID-19 condition. The elderly are at a greater risk for too much lung fluid that often limits breathing following coronavirus infection because they don’t have a strong enough cough to clear it up.
A second short-term gain from quitting smoking comes from reducing ongoing inflammation(炎症)in your body, which can make you infect COVID-19 more easily. Having your lungs in as good of shape as you can in case of a coronavirus infection is key.
Besides lung-related issues, quitting smoking can also deliver healthy benefits to the heart that could help prevent possible heart attacks, which are another cause of death in COVID-19 cases. After you quit smoking, your blood becomes thinner and less possible to setting. Heart attacks are less likely. One reason this happens is because smoking makes it harder for the heart to distribute blood throughout the body.
5. What is the use of the lung cilia
A. Cleaning up the lungs.
B. Killing the COVID-19 virus.
C. Predicting lung infections.
D. Reducing breathing difficulty.
6. Why are the old at higher risk to the coronavirus
A. They cannot go out during the pandemic.
B. There is too much mucus in their lungs.
C. Most of them are heavy smokers for years.
D. They are lacking in the care of their children.
7. What good does quitting smoking do to heart
A. Strengthen the heart muscle.
B. Turn blood to be much thicker.
C. Make the blood flow smoother.
D. Speed the heartbeat up apparently.
8. What is the text mainly about
A. Quitting smoking can help defend COVID-19.
B. Ways to make a difference against coronaviruses.
C. The COVID-19 virus is threatening humans worldwide.
D. Protecting the smokers’ lungs to heal from damage.
V.七选五
How to live a happy life The following suggestions may be of great help to you.
Keep positive. 1 Optimists have a 35% less chance of having a heart attack or stroke, are more likely to eat a healthy diet and exercise regularly, have stronger immune systems and even live longer. If you face a challenge or obstacle, you’re more likely to see it as a temporary or even optimistic thing, allowing you to learn and grow.
Start volunteering. 2 It can reduce the risk of cognitive (认知的) disorder. It can even help us live longer. Even if you have a little time to offer, just the act of giving has been shown to improve your health, possibly by temporarily reducing your sense of pain.
Be grateful. Counting our blessings protects us against anxiety and depression and boosts optimism. One of the best ways to make thankfulness a part of your life is to keep a journal. 3 Keeping gratitude and recording your good deeds may help you live happily.
4 People who are more socially connected to family, friends and community are happier. They’re physically healthier, and they live longer than people who are less connected. High-conflict marriages, without much affection, turn out to be very bad for health, perhaps worse than getting divorced. 5
A. Eat healthily and happily.
B. Strengthen social connections.
C. Looking on the bright side of life is really good for you.
D. You can set down some positive experiences in your diary.
E. Instead, living in good relationships is beneficial to health.
F. Studies show volunteering can reduce stress and depression.
G. You’ll have no time to volunteer and give thanks in your life.
VI.应用文写作
假定你是李华, 你所在的班明天英语课前有一个简短的演讲。请你写一篇关于倡议养成健康生活习惯的演讲稿, 内容包括:
1. 演讲的主题;
2. 健康生活习惯的重要性;
3. 2—3条健康生活习惯的建议。
注意: 1. 词数80个左右;
2. 可以适当增加细节, 以使行文连贯。
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
参考答案
Ⅰ.1. In the mid-1990s, Tom Bissell taught English as a volunteer in Uzbekistan. He left after seven months, physically (physical) broken and having lost his mind.
2. We are repeatedly(repeat) willing to imagine we have found most of what is left to discover.
3. When he was 16, Molai began to notice something disturbing (disturb) happening around his home.
Ⅱ. 1. It was bad manners to disturb your neighbors with loud music last night.
2. The team felt pessimistic about being able to win the championship.
3. For a decade he has been absorbed in studying healthy lifestyle, which ultimately made him an expert in his field.
4. His parents tried to persuade him to stay in the local city to live a life of leisure, but he had already made up his mind to work in the countryside.
5. Having examined the result of my blood test, the health consultant suspected that I might be infected with virus. He suggested that I should either do another test or see the doctor straight away.
Ⅲ.
Life is 1. composed (compose) of many elements, such as family, friends, study, work, entertainment and so on. If one element 2. dominates (dominate) your life and the others are ignored, you will lose balance and fail to take control of your life. Many people get into the cycle of coming home from work and watching TV or surfing the Internet. Relaxing 3. as this may seem, it is 4. inappropriate (appropriate) in the long term for personal growth. It is essential to be 5. disciplined (discipline) and make up your mind 6. to start (start) a change in your life. Set yourself goals which may serve as 7. stimulation (stimulate) to provide proper guidance. Once you resist allowing work to make you feel 8. pessimistic (pessimism), you will get rid of the feeling of being worn 9. out and be rewarded with 10. a sense of accomplishment.
IV.
A
【文章大意】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了青少年中普遍存在的社交焦虑症的各种特征, 并对此提出了建议。
1.【解析】选D。细节理解题。根据第二段“when you worry so much about how you appear to others that you stop doing things you need to and want to do for fear of embarrassing yourself. ”可知, 当你过于担心自己在别人眼中的形象, 以至于因为害怕尴尬而停止做你需要做的、想做的事情时, 你就会患上这种疾病。所以来自他人的意见看法是导致焦虑的主要原因。
2.【解析】选A。推理判断题。根据第三段“Even small interactions, like answering a question in class or eating with friends in the cafeteria can feel extremely scary to kids with social anxiety disorder. ”可知, 对于患有社交焦虑症的孩子来说, 即使是很小的互动, 比如在课堂上回答问题或与朋友在餐厅吃饭, 也会让他们感到极度恐惧, 推断出A项“不想在课堂上回答问题而逃学的Alice”最有可能被诊断为社交焦虑症。
3.【解析】选C。细节理解题。根据文章的倒数第二段“Shyness might hold you back to some degree from doing things, but it won’t deeply influence your ability to do your job as a teenager (害羞可能会在某种程度上阻碍你做事, 但它不会显著影响你作为一个青少年的工作能力)”及倒数第二段最后一句“But social anxiety will. (但社交恐惧症会)”可知, 社交恐惧症与害羞的不同之处在于, 它会影响正常生活, 所以C项“它极大地影响你的正常生活”正确。
4.【解析】选A。主旨大意题。第一段最后一句“This can lead to social anxiety. ”表明本文主题, 并结合全文内容可知, 本文主要介绍了社交恐惧症的各种表现和特点。所以短文的最佳标题为“什么是社交焦虑症”。故选A。
B
【文章大意】这是一篇说明文。文章讲述了戒烟有助于改善肺部功能以抵御新冠病毒的侵袭。
5.【解析】选A。细节理解题。由第二段中的“These hair-like projections wave back and forth like a brush as air moves in and out of your lungs. They help your body fight off colds and infection. They also help clear mucus, so if they’re not functioning as well as they should, mucus can build up in the lungs. ”(当空气进出你的肺部时, 这些毛发状的突起像刷子一样来回摆动。它们帮助你的身体抵御感冒和感染。它们也有助于清除粘液, 所以如果它们的功能不好, 粘液会在肺部积聚。)可知, 肺部纤毛的作用是清洁肺部。
6.【解析】选B。细节理解题。由第二段中的“The elderly are at a greater risk for too much lung fluid that often limits breathing following coronavirus infection because they don’t have a strong enough cough to clear it up. ”(老年人患冠状病毒感染后肺液过多的风险更大, 因为他们没有足够强烈的咳嗽来消除肺部积液。)可知, 老年人肺部积水更多导致他们感染病毒的风险更大。
7.【解析】选C。细节理解题。由最后一段中的“After you quit smoking, your blood becomes thinner and less possible to setting. Heart attacks are less likely. One reason this happens is because smoking makes it harder for the heart to distribute blood throughout the body. ”(戒烟后, 你的血液变得稀薄, 不太可能凝固。心脏病发作的可能性较小。发生这种情况的一个原因是吸烟使心脏更难将血液输送到全身。)可知, 戒烟会使血液流动更加顺畅。
8.【解析】选A。主旨大意题。由第一段第一句“With the COVID-19 virus sweeping the globe, the science on quitting smoking offers welcome news for smokers who want to build up their defenses in case they contract the virus. ”(随着COVID-19病毒席卷全球, 戒烟科学为那些想增强防御能力以防感染病毒的吸烟者带来了可喜的消息。)和第一段最后一句“COVID-19 creates an added sense of urgency, and there’s enough reason to believe that quitting smoking during the pandemic could increase your opportunities of fighting off the virus. ”(COVID-19会增加一种紧迫感, 而且有足够的理由相信在疫情期间戒烟可以增加抵抗病毒的机会。)可知, 本文论述戒烟有助于抵御新冠病毒的侵袭。
V.【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文, 主要给出了几个有助于过上快乐生活的建议。
1. 【解析】选C。根据后文Optimists have a 35% less chance of having a heart attack or stroke, are more likely to eat a healthy diet and exercise regularly, have stronger immune systems and even live longer. 可知乐观主义者得心脏病或中风的几率要低35%, 饮食健康, 经常锻炼, 免疫系统更强, 甚至更长寿。由此可知, 本句是在说明保持积极, 看到生活的光明面对你有好处。
2. 【解析】选F。结合后文It can reduce the risk of cognitive disorder. It can even help us live longer. 可知它可以降低认知障碍的风险。它甚至可以帮助我们活得更久。由此可知, 本句是在说明参加志愿活动对人身体的好处, 故F选项“研究表明, 志愿活动可以减轻压力和抑郁”符合上下文语境。
3. 【解析】选D。根据上文One of the best ways to make thankfulness a part of your life is to keep a journal. 可知让感恩成为你生活的一部分的最好方法之一就是写日记。由此可知, 本句承接上文说明如何写日记, 上文中journal与D选项中diary为同义词。故D选项“你可以在日记中记下一些积极的经历”符合上下文语境。
4. 【解析】选B。结合后文People who are more socially connected to family, friends and community are happier. They’re physically healthier, and they live longer than people who are less connected. 可知与家庭、朋友和社区的社会联系越紧密的人越快乐。他们身体更健康, 比那些与外界联系较少的人活得更长。由此可知, 本段是在强调要加强社会联系, 后文则强调了社会联系的必要性和重要性。
5. 【解析】选E。结合上文High-conflict marriages, without much affection, turn out to be very bad for health, perhaps worse than getting divorced. 可知没有太多感情的高冲突的婚姻对健康非常不利, 可能比离婚更糟糕。由此可知, 上文提到了不好的关系对健康不利, 本句承接上文说明好的关系对健康有益。
VI.【参考范文】
Hello, everyone!
I’m glad to stand here to share with you my ideas about healthy living habits. In my eyes, healthy living habits can keep us fit, protect us from getting ill and help us start a new day with full energy.
So we may take fresh fruits, meat and vegetables, and avoid eating too many snack foods. Then taking appropriate exercise regularly is also necessary for good health. When you arrive home from public places, please wash the hands, especially before touching your own eyes, nose or mouth. And when you sneeze and cough, it’s good manners as well as a protection for public health that you use paper or handkerchief to cover the nose or mouth.
Wish you all the best. Thank you!(共56张PPT)
选修性必修三 Unit 2 Healthy Lifestyle
Ⅰ. 重点词汇
1. reward vt. 奖励; 奖赏; 给以报酬 n. 回报; 奖励; 报酬
【典型例句】
He was presented with a delicate gift as a reward for his tremendous help given to the company.
为了回馈他对公司极大的帮助, 公司给予了他精致的礼物作为奖励。
【词块必记】
(1)as a reward for 作为(对某事的)报酬/奖赏
give/offer a reward to sb. for sth. 为某事而给某人报酬
in reward for 为酬谢……; 作为奖励
(2)reward sb. for sth. 因某事而奖赏某人
reward sb. with sth. 用某物回报某人
【知识微练】 单句语法填空
①I’d like to do something __ reward for her kindness.
②When asked for his views about his teaching job, Philip said he found it very
interesting and _________(reward).
③You mentioned that you could teach me English __ a reward, which is exactly
what I want.
in
rewarding
as
【典句赏析】
His years of persistence and endurance have been rewarded with a marvelous success in the final of the Olympics.
奥运会决赛场上他取得了非凡的成功, 回报了他多年的坚持不懈和忍耐。
2. disturb vt. 打扰; 搅乱; 使烦恼
【典型例句】
What disturbs you most about this latest development
最新的发展让你最担心的是什么
【词块必记】
(1)be disturbed to do sth. 做某事困扰某人
(2)Sorry to disturb you 抱歉打扰你一下
(3)disturbing adj. 令人感到困扰的
disturbed adj. 烦恼的
(4) to one’s disturbance 令人心神不安的是
【知识微练】 单句语法填空
①It was _________(disturb) and frightening that he looked so human.
②The noise made by cars ________(disturb) the residents living on both sides of
streets all day and night.
③The news that the Ebola virus spread quickly made us rather _________(disturb).
disturbing
disturbs
disturbed
【典句赏析】
The idea of not trying would keep coming to his mind and disturb him. 不去尝试的这个想法总是萦绕他的心头, 烦扰着他。
3. refresh vt. 使恢复精力; 使凉爽; 刷新
【教材原句】
I get refreshed through climbing, spend more time with my dad, and get to meet new friends. (P20) 爬山使我精神焕发, 我花更多时间陪父亲, 结识更多新朋友。
【词块必记】
(1)get refreshed 神清气爽
make sb. feel refreshed 使某人精神焕发
(2)refresh one’s memory 使某人重新想起
(3) refreshing adj. 使人精力充沛的; 令人耳目一新的
refreshed adj. 清爽的; 精神振作的
refreshed in spirit 心旷神怡
【知识微练】 单句语法填空
①He had _________(refresh) his memory by looking at his notes.
②It made a _________(refresh) change to be taken seriously for once.
③We have a tendency to get ________ (refresh) through workout, leading to
studying effectively.
to refresh
refreshing
refreshed
【典句赏析】
Regular jogging provides us with a chance to breathe the energizing and refreshing air.
定期跑步为我们提供了机会去呼吸给人增添能量、令人神清气爽的空气。
Ⅱ. 核心短语
4. worn out 筋疲力尽的; 疲惫的
【典型例句】
Every time she consulted her watch, she wondered if the batteries were wearing out.
每次看手表的时候, 她都会想是不是电池没电了。
【词块必记】
wear sb. /sth. down 使衰弱, 使意志薄弱
wear off 逐渐消失, 消逝
wear on(光阴)荏苒
【知识拓展】“筋疲力尽”表达
be tired out
be worn out
be exhausted
【知识微练】 单句语法填空
①We were _____ (wear) out after working in the fields the whole day long.
②You will wear yourself ___ if you carry on working so hard.
③For many the philosophy was merely a fashion, and the novelty soon wore ___.
worn
out
off
【典句赏析】
His tattered cloth jacket, patched trousers, worn out shoes and warm personality made him stand out from the usual Saturday morning breakfast crowd.
他的破旧的夹克, 打补丁的牛仔裤, 磨破的鞋子, 和暖人的性格使他在周六吃早饭的一群人当中格外突出。
Ⅲ. 经典句式
5. These bad habits, if left unchecked, could lead to more serious ones when they become adults.
这些坏习惯, 如果得不到控制, 就会在他们成年时引发更严重的问题。
【典型例句】
If left unattended to, children in poverty-stricken areas will be deprived of the chance of improvement.
如果不被照料, 贫困地区的儿童将会被剥夺提升的机会。
【句型公式】
状语从句的省略: 当从句的主语和主句的主语一致, 且从句谓语中包含be动词时, 两者一同省略。
if, unless, once引导的条件状语从句的省略
when, while, as, until引导的时间状语从句的省略
though, although, even if, even though引导的让步状语从句的省略
as though, as if, as引导的方式状语从句的省略
than引导的比较状语从句的省略
【知识微练】 完成句子
①He stared at the girl _____________________ for the first time.
他盯着这个女孩, 好像是第一次见她一样。
②____________________, his parents managed to send him to university.
尽管缺钱, 他的父母还是设法把他送往大学。
③____________________, you should remain silent at the conference.
会议上除非被邀请讲话, 否则要保持安静。
as if (he was) seeing her
Though lacking money
Unless invited to speak
【典句赏析】
Friendship is like money: easier made than kept.
友谊如同金钱, 交友易, 维持难。
【补充要点】
1. abuse vt. &n. 滥用; 虐待; 辱骂
【教材原句】
For example, some of them may become involved in tobacco or alcohol abuse, which can lead to physical and mental health problems. (P14)例如, 有些青少年会沉溺于烟酒不能自拔, 这会造成生理和心理健康问题。
【词块必记】
(1)abuse one’s power/position/privilege 滥用职权/特权
(2)verbal abuse 言语上的辱骂
child abuse 虐待儿童
drug abuse 滥用药物
personal abuse 人身攻击
(3)be open to abuse 可能被滥用
【知识微练】
单句语法填空
①The referee had been threatened and _______(abuse).
②In a society that advocates human rights and liberty, there is no freedom that is not
open ________(abuse).
③Examined carefully, this case turned out to be an abuse __ power.
abused
to abuse
of
【典句赏析】
He showed how the rich and the powerful can abuse their position in pursuit of selfish interest to the enormous harm of everyone else in society.
他展示了富人和位高权重的人是如何为了追求自私的利益而滥用职权, 极大地损害社会上其他人的利益。
2. enhance vt. 提高; 增强; 增进
【教材原句】
It has enhanced the quality of my life, improving my health and increasing my happiness. (P20)
它提高了我的生活质量, 改善了我的健康, 提升了我的幸福感。
【词块必记】
(1)enhanced 提高了的, 增强了的
(2)enhancement 增强, 提升
【知识拓展】辨析表示“增强, 加强”的词汇
enhance侧重指增加价值、魅力或声望等使人或物具有超乎寻常的吸引力。
heighten通常指使某物的某种性质变得不同于一般的显著或突出。
intensify指深化或强化某事或某物, 尤指其特别之处。
【知识微练】 单句语法填空
①This is an opportunity __________(enhance) the reputation of the company.
②Every classroom is equipped with advanced technology for the ____________
(enhance) of sound quality.
③The new Germany must rise to the challenge of its _________ (enhance)
responsibilities.
to enhance
enhancement
enhanced
【典句赏析】
The intimacy of the room was enhanced by its warm colors.
房间温暖的色泽更增加它的舒适感。
3. dominate vt. &vi. 支配; 控制; 占有优势
【教材原句】
To prevent harmful habits like these from dominating a teenager’s life is essential. (P14)
很有必要阻止像这些一样的有害的习惯支配青少年的生活。
【词块必记】
(1)be dominated by 由……主宰
(2)dominance n. 支配地位; 优势
achieve/establish dominance over获得对……的控制
(3) dominant adj. 首要的, 占支配地位的
【知识拓展】“统治”词汇
rule 统治 govern 掌控
regulate 调控 manage 管理
【知识微练】 单句语法填空
①The _________(dominate) feature of the room was the large fireplace.
②The latest fighting appears to be an attempt by each group to establish __________
(dominate) over the other.
③The book is expected ___________(dominate) the best-seller lists.
dominant
dominance
to dominate
【典句赏析】
Nowadays a trend is sweeping the society where women are no longer dominated by the men in their relationships.
当今风靡社会的一种趋势是, 在两性关系中, 女性已不再受制于男性。
4. be composed of由……组成(或构成)的
【教材原句】
Life is composed of many elements, such as family, friends, study, work, entertainment and so on. (P16)
人生由诸多元素构成, 例如家庭、朋友、学习、工作和娱乐等。
【词块必记】
(1)compose a letter/speech/poem 撰写信函/讲稿/诗歌
(2)be made up of 由……组成
consist of 由……组成
(3)compose oneself 使自己平静下来
【知识微练】
单句语法填空
①Regardless of the type of business you own, your work will be composed __ those
three items.
②The team, _____(make) up of participants throughout the country, rushed to the
rescue of people trapped in the ruins.
③Their diet ________ (consist) largely of fresh vegetables, resulting in their healthy
lifestyle.
of
made
consisted
5. rely on依赖; 依靠; 信赖
【教材原句】
The reward makes us much more likely to continue the cycle, and the bad habit of relying on unhealthy snacks is formed. (P15)
这个奖励使我们更可能去延续这个循环, 依靠不健康甜点的这种坏习惯就随之形成了。
【词块必记】
rely on sb. to do sth. 指望/相信某人会做某事
rely on (doing) sth. 依赖/信任/指望(做)某事
rely on it that. . . 相信……; 指望……
【知识微练】 一句多译
你可以相信你困难时我会帮助你。(rely)
①You can ___________________ when you are in trouble.
②You can _________________________when you are in trouble.
③You can ____________________ when you are in trouble.
rely on me to help you
rely on it that I can help you
rely on my helping you
【典句赏析】
You may rely on it that the work will be finished ahead of time.
你可以相信这个工作会提前完成的。
6. To change bad habits is never easy, even with many attempts.
改变坏习惯从不简单, 即使多次尝试也很难改变。
【典型例句】
To join the People’s Liberation Army, it is required for men to shave off their beards.
为了加入人民解放军, 男性要求刮掉胡子。
【句型公式】
(1)不定式(短语)作主语时, 往往由it代替它作形式主语(但不可用that作形式主语), 不定式则移至谓语之后。
It+be+形容词+for短语+不定式
It+be+名词+不定式
It+be+介词短语+不定式
(2)如果作主语的不定式短语是“及物动词+宾语”, 则可以把这个宾语转换为主语, 而把不定式移到句尾。
【知识微练】 完成句子
①__________________________________ my mother’s lung surgery.
这个外科医生花了三小时才做完我母亲的肺部手术。
②It does great harm to your body physically _______________.
不吃早餐对你的身体害处极大。
It took the surgeon three hours to finish
to skip breakfast
【典句赏析】
It is very considerate of you to make arrangements for our accommodation while we are out for a hiking.
我们外出徒步旅行时, 你为我们安排食宿, 真是太体贴了。
IV.话题写作
假如你是李华, 最近收到英国笔友Jack的来信, 在信中Jack因超重向你征求建议。请你根据下列要点给他写一封回信:
1. 超重原因: 缺乏锻炼; 不健康的生活方式。
2. 建议:
①经常锻炼;
②保持均衡的饮食;
③远离一些坏习惯。
注意:
1. 词数80左右;
2. 可以适当增加细节, 以使行文连贯;
3. 尽量使用本单元学过的词汇和短语。
Step 1 写作技巧
1. 词汇提升。
You become very fat.
→You become _______________.
You should have a balanced diet.
→You should have a balanced diet ___________ fruit and vegetables.
overweight/obese
consisting of
2. 句式多变 (非限制性定语从句)。
It is important to take regular exercise. It helps you keep fit.
→It is important to take regular exercise, _____________________.
which helps you keep fit
Step 2 妙笔成篇
Dear Jack,
Thanks for your trust. In your letter you tell me that you are overweight, but don’t know what to do. In my opinion, you become overweight and unhealthy, and that is because you lack exercise and have an unhealthy lifestyle.
To begin with, it is important to take regular exercise, which helps you keep fit. You should have a balanced diet consisting of fruit and vegetables. In addition, it is also a good idea to keep away from some bad habits, such as eating food with too much fat and sugar and staying up late.
In conclusion, keep a balanced diet and take regular exercise, and you will be healthy.
I hope my suggestions are of some use to you.
Yours,
Li Hua选择性必修第三册Unit 2综合能力检测
第一部分 阅读(共两节, 满分50分)
第一节(共15小题; 每小题2. 5分, 满分37. 5分)
阅读下列短文, 从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
3rd Walk the Talk: The Health for All Challenge 2020
JOIN US VIRTUALLY
World Health Organization(WHO)is taking the 3rd Walk the Talk: The Health for All Challenge virtually this year. In the context of COVID-19, WHO, through several online platforms, will host online exercises, information sessions, and live chats with experts on topics from physical and mental health to nutrition and healthy ageing.
While the first two editions attracted thousands of participants in Geneva, we hope to reach more people during the virtual edition. We look forward to working with the many partners who have supported the first two editions, including governments, civil society organizations, and scientific and academic bodies.
The event will also celebrate health and be a platform to promote the need for all people to have access to health services and for health champions to demonstrate how they are striving to promote and protect the health of people in their own way.
What is on offer
The Virtual Walk the Talk will be held over 16—17 May 2020, people invited to join in from their homes wherever they are globally.
It will offer opportunities for people to participate in a variety of virtual, timed events yoga, exercise classes for all ages and abilities, meditation, walking in place(or in locations within the guidelines of your national authorities). The aim is to get people moving for their own health and that of others.
Purposes of the event
●To encourage healthy lifestyles, not only in the context of COVID-19, but as a long-term strategy for good health.
●To recognize the sacrifice of health workers caring for us in our whole life. 2020 has been designated as the Year of the Nurse and Midwife, and we are seeing the global importance of health workers in the current response to COVID-19.
1. What is special about the 3rd Walk the Talk compared to the first two editions
A. It appeals to many participants.
B. It offers various events.
C. It is an online virtual event.
D. It promotes health services.
2. Who is the 3rd Walk the Talk intended for
A. Health experts from WHO.
B. Governments fighting COVID-19.
C. Scientific medical organizations.
D. Ordinary people around the world.
3. What does the event aim to do apart from advocating a healthy lifestyle
A. To collect more financial supports.
B. To give special recognition to health workers.
C. To set up an organization for the COVID-19 issue.
D. To encourage the sacrifice of health workers.
B
Argentina soccer legend Diego Maradona has died aged 60 of heart failure on Wednesday. Heart failure is a chronic condition that gradually damages the heart’s ability to pump blood. Fluid can build up in the lungs as a result—a condition known as pulmonary edema. It is an increasingly common problem that can be fatal.
Regarded as one of the greatest players in the history of the game, Maradona became a household name after inspiring his country to World Cup glory in 1986. He took center stage at the tournament with a memorable performance against England where he scored a symbolic goal that he later described as the “Hand of God”.
The small forward out-jumped legendary keeper Peter Shilton and knocked the ball into the net. The goal was allowed to stand, though it was claimed to be a handball. Later in the very game he scored one of the best goals in history after weaving his way past seven English defenders.
His impressive career was also marked by numerous controversies and his notorious lifestyle led to alcoholism and addiction.
Argentina’s President Alberto Fernandez announced three days of national mourning for the passing of the superstar, and posted a tribute to Maradona on Twitter. “You took us to the top of the world. You made us feel incredibly happy. You were the greatest of all. Thank you for having existed, ” it read.
Maradona will lie in honor for public viewing at Argentina’s presidential palace. Fans headed to the streets across Argentina and in Naples on Wednesday to pay tribute to(悼念) their hero. Meanwhile, a minute’s silence would be observed ahead of all European matches this week in honor of the Argentine.
“He will go down in history as someone who set football alight and thrilled global fans young and old with his brilliance and skill. ”
4. Why did the famous football player Maradona die
A. Old age. B. Heart illness.
C. Loss of blood. D. Lung cancer.
5. What do Paragraphs 2 and 3 mainly talk about
A. His achievements in life.
B. His “Hand of God”.
C. His great performance in 1986.
D. His legendary life.
6. What does the underlined word“notorious” in Paragraph 4 probably mean
A. Good. B. Bad.
C. Common. D. Healthy.
7. What can we know from the Paragraph 6 about the attitude towards Maradona
A. Respectful. B. Unkind.
C. Impolite. D. Friendly.
C
In the UK, shoppers spent over ￡365 million on mushrooms over the last year, making them the nation’s third most popular vegetable after potatoes and tomatoes. And mushrooms are now more popular than carrots, onions, broccoli and peppers because they are an excellent source of B vitamins, which are needed for a healthy diet. That is good news especially for many teenagers trying to lose weight.
Today most teenagers are keen about food with a lot of fat, oil, salt and sugar. People call this kind of food “junk food”. But bad eating habits go beyond fast food. We find many teenagers eat unhealthily. Some don’t have breakfast before they go to school. During the day, some don’t have a proper meal for lunch. In a recent survey at one school, scientists found that over two thirds of the students didn’t follow a healthy diet. They didn’t like vegetables, and many of them didn’t like to eat fruits. They preferred to eat food with a lot of salt, sugar, or fat.
Parents today also worry about their children’s diet. Some doctors give the following advice:
·Teenagers shouldn’t eat too much junk food.
·Don’t eat food with too much salt. Salt can cause high blood pressure in the future.
·Teenagers should eat food without much fat, oil and sugar.
·Eat some fruits and vegetables every day, which are rich in vitamins and have little fat.
·Drink more milk. Milk will help their bones grow.
·Teenagers need to eat breakfast every day. It is good for their body and mind.
8. Which is the most popular vegetable in the UK
A. Mushrooms. B. Potatoes.
C. Tomatoes. D. Carrots.
9. There is a fact that ________.
A. today all teenagers are overweight
B. scientists found two thirds of the students didn’t have a healthy diet
C. parents are worried about their children’s diet today
D. milk, fruits and vegetables are not good for children
10. After reading the doctor’s advice, we know it’s right to ________.
A. eat junk food
B. eat food with too much salt
C. drink milk and eat junk food often
D. eat vegetables that are rich in vitamins
11. What’s the main purpose of the passage to tell the children
A. How to keep a healthy diet.
B. To eat fruits and vegetables, especially mushrooms.
C. How to have a proper meal for lunch.
D. Not to eat junk food which has a lot of fat.
D
Water is everywhere, from soil to the cells inside our own bodies. Depending on factors like location, age, and sex, the average human is between 55—60% water. So what role does water play in our bodies, and how much do we actually need to drink to stay healthy
The water in our bodies works to adjust temperature, and to nourish(滋养) the brain and other body parts. Water isn’t only in our blood. An adult’s brain and heart are almost three quarters water, while lungs are 83% water.
If we are mainly made of water, why do we still need to drink so much Well, each day we lose two to three liters(升) through our sweat, urine(尿) and even just from breathing, which helps our bodies get rid of waste. While these functions are necessary to our survival, we need to compensate for the water loss. Keeping a balanced water level is essential to avoid dehydration(脱水), which can have bad effects on overall health. Dehydration is usually caused by over consumption of water in a short amount of time. It can cause obvious drops in energy, mood and blood pressure. In severe cases, it will cause headache, and even death.
However, on a normal basis, maintaining a well-hydrated system is easy to manage for those of us who are fortunate enough to have access to clean drinking water. For a long time, it’s commonly believed that we should drink eight glasses a day. But now it is suggested that the amount of water we need to drink depend largely on our weight and the environment. The recommended daily intake varies from between 2. 5—3. 7 liters of water for men, and about 2—2. 7 liters for women.
While directly drinking water is the healthiest, coffee or tea can also be alternatives to make up for water loss. Water within food makes up about a fifth of our daily water intake. Fruits and vegetables like strawberries and cabbage are over 90% water, and can provide valuable nutrients as well. Drinking well also has various long-term benefits. Studies have shown that it can lower the chance of stroke(中风) and reduce the risk of certain types of cancer. No matter what it is, getting the right amount of liquid makes a healthy life.
12. Where is the text probably from
A. A health magazine. B. A doctor’s diary.
C. A food magazine. D. A travel brochure.
13. Which of the following belongs to the functions of water in our bodies
A. Removing body waste.
B. Increasing temperature.
C. Causing drops in energy.
D. Improving blood pressure.
14. What does the underlined phrase “compensate for” in Paragraph 3 probably mean
A. Reduce in. B. Increase in.
C. Make up for. D. Hold back.
15. What can we learn from the last paragraph
A. We should drink eight glasses a day.
B. Only directly drinking water is healthy.
C. All people should drink 2. 5—3. 7 liters of water.
D. Weight will influence the amount of water we need to drink.
第二节(共5小题; 每小题2. 5分, 满分12. 5分)
阅读下面短文, 从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Life isn’t always a walk in the park. 16 These tips are small things that happy people do to make life just a little bit better, and now you can too.
·They turn mistakes into lessons.
17 While it’s easy to be upset when a new job just isn’t working out or a relationship falls apart, focusing on learning from what went wrong will help you turn a mistake into something productive.
·They go offline.
Addiction to social media sites is a bad habit, and looking at pictures of other people’s amazing vacations and delicious desserts isn’t doing anything for you. Make a promise with yourself to remove them every day—you can read a book or call a friend. 18
·They ignore the small stuff.
Bad days happen. 19 You accidentally fall over a banana skin. . . There are plenty of cases where anger, disappointment, and anxiety are totally reasonable reactions, but they don’t have to be your final reactions. Learning to let go of the little things you can’t control will allow you to focus better on the positive aspects of life.
·They plan trips.
Even if you can’t afford an overseas trip, there are plenty of affordable ways to get out there and see the world. Experiencing a new culture or food or a change in scenery is a great way to bring a little extra happiness into your life.
· 20
Instead of waiting for opportunities to fall into your lap, take control. Putting yourself out there can feel like a challenge, but once you take a risk, you will certainly be rewarded.
A. They ignore risks.
B. They take chances.
C. Mistakes are an inevitable part of life.
D. So how do happy people get through a rough day
E. You spill coffee down your shirt before you are running out of the door.
F. So who can you turn to for help when you plan trips
G. Just staying away from the Internet allows you to live your life instead of watching other people live theirs.
第二部分 语言运用(共两节, 满分30分)
第一节(共15小题; 每小题1分, 满分15分)
阅读下面短文, 从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Liz Woodward worked as a waitress at the Route 130 diner in Delran, New Jersey. One Thursday morning around 5: 30 am, she was serving two firefighters, Young and Hullings. Quite 21 she heard that they had been up all night putting out a 22 warehouse fire, which took 12 hours to get under control.
Touched, Liz decided to honor these two heroes by picking up their 23 and writing them a heartfelt message of gratitude. It 24 , “Your breakfast is on me today—thank you for all that you do. Fueled by fire and driven by 25 . What an example you are! Get some rest. ”
This simple act of kindness meant so much to the 26 firefighters. The firefighters 27 and thanked her before leaving the restaurant.
To return the young lady’s kindness, upon his arrival home, Hullings posted a Facebook update 28 his friends to go eat at the diner, which was quickly 29 more than 3, 000 times.
30 , it was not until afterwards that they realized Liz was really the one that could use the help. When they found out that Liz was trying to 31 money for her paralyzed father to get a wheelchair-accessible van, Young posted with a 32 to a Go Fund Me page for Liz’s dad, and the support 33 .
The total donations reached $60, 000 and went beyond Liz’s wildest dreams. She had never expected that her small gesture would be paid in such a(n) 34 way. “I’m truly blessed that those two walked through the doors today and 35 for the opportunity to be a part of something so positive and inspiring. ” Liz Woodward said on Facebook.
21. A. in private B. by accident C. in public D. on purpose
22. A. potential B. slight C. rare D. fierce
23. A. money B. uniforms C. check D. breakfast
24. A. replied B. went C. indicated D. read
25. A. concern B. courage C. confidence D. curiosity
26. A. exhausted B. brave C. modest D. anxious
27. A. ended up B. sat up C. teared up D. showed up
28. A. helping B. forcing C. reminding D. urging
29. A. shared B. collected C. examined D. removed
30. A. Thus B. Instead C. However D. Besides
31. A. raise B. donate C. change D. count
32. A. picture B. link C. note D. click
33. A. doubled B. rolled in C. declined D. spread out
34. A. generous B. conventional C. extreme D. rapid
35. A. greedy B. eager C. prepared D. grateful
第二节(共10小题; 每小题1. 5分, 满分15分)
阅读下面短文, 在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
The effects of coffee consumption on health have long been a subject of conflict and uncertainty. Since the 1980s, some 36. __________(speak)out against coffee as it is harmful to health, 37. __________ others have thought coffee is beneficial to health.
According to a scientific report, mild coffee consumption, three to five cups per day, can 38. __________(take) as a healthy dietary pattern, 39. __________ helps reduce the risk of heart disease and protects against Parkinson’s disease. However, Some studies say that 40. __________(drink) two or more cups of coffee daily can 41. __________(actual) increase the risk of heart disease in these people with a certain illness that slows the breakdown of caffeine in the body. According to conclusions from a recent study 42. __________(lead) by Dr Gregory Marcus, a doctor from the University of California, daily consumption of coffee, less than 4 cups, is not associated 43. __________ these issues.
Until the scientific community reaches a general 44. __________(agree) on the effects of coffee consumption, it will be up to the individual to decide whether the benefits of coffee 45. __________(be) greater than the risks.
第三部分 写作(共两节, 满分40分)
第一节(满分15分)
假定你是高中学生李华, 代表自己班级, 邀请Dr. Frost 给班级同学做一场关于“如何保持身心健康”的在线讲座。请你写一封信, 发出邀请。
要点:
1. 时间, 地点;
2. 主题, 可简述原因;
3. 期望与感谢。
注意: 1. 词数 80 左右;
2. 可以适当增加细节, 以使行文连贯。
Dear Frost,
____________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Hua
第二节(满分25分)
阅读下面材料, 根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段, 使之构成一篇完整的短文。
When she looked around her house, Betty Margaret saw lots of electronics. Along with the usual things like her laptop and smart phone, there were all of her kids’ electronic devices: cell phones, video game devices and more! There seemed to be more than enough ways for her and her three children to be online all day, every day.
Ms Margaret worried that her kids were becoming too dependent on the Internet and electronics. Then she began to reread one of her favorite books, Henry Thoreau’s Walden, which gave Ms Margaret an idea. Thoreau spent 2 years in a simple cabin without running such luxuries as computers and electronic devices for a while.
Ms Margaret talked with her kids and explained that she wanted the family to try living for 6 months without Internet, cell phones, TV, and video games. Ms Margaret writes articles for a newspaper in Australia, and had written several books as well. She told her children that if they agreed, she would write a book about their experience and they could go on a trip abroad with the money from sales of the book. Her three children agreed, and “the experiment” as Ms Margaret called, began.
Over the course of the experiment, the Margaret’s children had different reactions to life without electronics. Before the experiment began, Anni, the eldest of the children, read books more than her younger brother and sister. She therefore had a relatively easy adjustment to the family’s new lifestyle. Anni could also use the library’s computer for her homework. Bill, who loved to play video games before the experiment began, had to find a way to spend all of his new free time. He started to spend more time practicing his saxophone(萨克斯管). Susan, the youngest child in the family, had the hardest time adjusting to life without electronics. She felt restless for the first weeks and later, influenced by her elder sister, gradually began to find interest in the novel experiences brought by various books.
注意: 续写词数应为150左右。
Upon having their daily family gathering after dinner, Ms Margaret, wearing a mysterious smiles, announced the big news that they had come to the end of “the experiment”.
____________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
The vivid description of their true and funny experience toward the new lifestyle undeniably contributed to the hit of the book.
____________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
参考答案
第一部分 阅读(共两节, 满分50分)
第一节(共15小题; 每小题2. 5分, 满分37. 5分)
A
【文章大意】文章主要介绍了名为“第三届Walk the Talk: 2020年人人健康挑战”的活动, 介绍了活动举行方式、与前几次活动的差异和活动的目的。
1. 【解析】选C。细节理解题。根据第二段中第一句可知虽然前两个版本在日内瓦吸引了数以千计的参与者, 但我们希望在此次虚拟版本中接触到更多的人。由此可知, 与前两版相比, 3rd Walk the Talk的特别之处是它是一个在线虚拟活动。故选C。
2. 【解析】选D。推理判断题。根据第三段可知该活动还将庆祝健康, 并将成为一个平台, 以促进所有人都有机会获得卫生服务, 并让卫生冠军展示他们如何以自己的方式努力促进和保护人们的健康。以及第四段可知此次活动将于2020年5月16日至17日举行, 全球各地的人们被邀请参加。由此可推知, 3rd Walk the Talk针对的是世界各地的普通人。故选D。
3. 【解析】选B。细节理解题。根据最后一段中To recognize the sacrifice of health workers caring for us in our whole life. 可知是为了表彰卫生工作者在我们的一生中做出的牺牲。由此可知, 除了倡导健康的生活方式外, 这个活动的目的是特别表彰卫生工作者。故选B。
B
【文章大意】本文是一篇记叙文。叙述了足球明星马拉多纳去世后世界对他的评价和悼念。
4. 【解析】选B。细节理解题。根据第一段第一句 “Argentina soccer legend Diego Maradona has died aged 60 of heart failure on Wednesday. ” 可知, 马拉多纳死于心脏衰竭。故选B。
5. 【解析】选C。段落大意题。根据第二段第一句“Regarded as one of the greatest players in the history of the game, Maradona became a household name after inspiring his country to World Cup glory in 1986. ” 以及第二、三段内容可知, 该部分讲述他在1986年在对阵英格兰的比赛中的杰出表现。故选C。
6. 【解析】选B。词义猜测题。根据“. . . and his notorious lifestyle led to alcoholism and addiction”可知, 其生活方式是属于不好的习惯。B选项的“Bad”符合题意。故选 B。
7. 【解析】选A。推理判断题。根据本段内容: 粉丝们上街表示哀悼以及本周内欧洲所有体育比赛前要静默一分钟可知, 大家对马拉多纳都心怀敬意。故选 A。
C
【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文。作者通过这篇文章介绍了一些好的饮食建议, 来改变英国青少年不健康的饮食习惯。
8. 【解析】选B。细节理解题。根据第一段第一句“In the UK, shoppers spent over ￡365 million on mushrooms over the last year, making them the nation’s third most popular vegetable after potatoes and tomatoes. ”可知, 英国最受欢迎的蔬菜是土豆, 其次是西红柿和蘑菇。故选B。
9. 【解析】选C。细节理解题。根据第三段第一句“Parents today also worry about their children’s diet. ”可知, 事实是如今的父母担心孩子的饮食。故选C。
10. 【解析】选D。细节理解题。根据最后内容的倒数第三条建议“ Eat some fruits and vegetables every day, which are rich in vitamins and have little fat. ”可知, 阅读完医生的建议后, 我们知道正确的做法是吃富含维生素的蔬菜。故选D。
11.【解析】选A。推理判断题。阅读文章内容, 并根据第三段内容可知, 作者写这篇文章的目的在于告诉孩子们如何保持健康饮食。故选A。
D
【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了水作为人体的重要成分, 人们每日应保持足够的饮水量, 从而进一步强调了喝水的重要性。
12. 【解析】选A。推理判断题。根据第一段最后一句“So what role does water play in our bodies, and how much do we actually need to drink to stay healthy ”可知, 这篇文章主要围绕饮水与健康之间的关系展开说明, 因此可能取材于健康杂志。故选A。
13. 【解析】选A。细节理解题。根据第三段第二句“Well, each day we lose two to three liters through our sweat, urine and even just from breathing, which helps our bodies get rid of waste. ”可知, 水对于我们身体的作用是有助于排出我们身体的废物。故选A。
14. 【解析】选C。词义猜测题。根据第三段画线句以及下句可知, 此处意在表明排出水分和补充水分的平衡关系很重要。“compensate for”意思是“补充, 补偿”。Reduce in减少; Increase in提高; Make up for补偿; Hold back阻止。C项“补偿、补充”符合此处语境。故选C。
15.【解析】选D。推理判断题。根据倒数第二段倒数第二句“But now it is suggested that the amount of water we need to drink depend largely on our weight and the environment. ”可知, 体重会影响我们需要的饮水量。故选D。
第二节(共5小题; 每小题2. 5分, 满分12. 5分)
【文章大意】文章给读者介绍了可以让生活变得更好的一些建议。
16. 【解析】选D。D项So how do happy people get through a rough day (那么快乐的人是如何度过糟糕的一天的呢 )与下文These tips are small things that happy people do to make life just a little bit better(这些小建议就是快乐的人为了让生活变好一点所做的一些小事)承接自然, 选项提出问题, 下文回答问题, 且两句中的happy people为原词复现, 故选D。
17. 【解析】选C。C项Mistakes are an inevitable part of life. (错误是生活中不可避免的部分)符合本段标题They turn mistakes into lessons. (他们把错误变成教训), 故选C。
18. 【解析】选G。G项Just staying away from the Internet allows you to live your life instead of watching other people live theirs. (远离网络能让你过自己的生活, 而不是看着别人过他们的生活)符合本段标题They go offline(他们不上网), 故选G。
19. 【解析】选E。E项You spill coffee down your shirt before you are running out of the door. (出门前你把咖啡洒在衬衫上)与下文You accidentally fall over a banana skin(你意外踩到香蕉皮滑倒了)承接自然, 两句都讲述了生活中不如意的事情, 故选E。
20. 【解析】选B。根据Putting yourself out there can feel like a challenge, but once you take a risk, you will certainly be rewarded. (让自己走出去可能会让你觉得是一个挑战, 但是一旦冒险, 你就肯定会得到回报)可知, 本段主要讲要勇于冒险, B项They take chances. (他们冒险)可以作为本段标题, 故选B。
第二部分 语言运用(共两节, 满分30分)
第一节(共15小题; 每小题1分, 满分15分)
【文章大意】文章主要讲了餐馆服务员Liz偶然听到她所服务的两个消防员通宵扑灭一场猛烈的仓库大火, 感动之至, Liz决定为这两位英雄结账, 给他们写一封衷心的感谢信, 以此向他们致敬。消防员得知Liz正试图为瘫痪的父亲筹集资金买一辆可以放置轮椅的面包车时, 他们帮助她筹钱。
21. 【解析】选B。句意: 非常偶然的是, 她听说他们通宵扑灭了一场猛烈的仓库大火, 花了12个小时才把火势控制住。 in private私下地; by accident偶然地; in public公开地; on purpose故意地。她听说他们通宵扑灭了一场猛烈的仓库大火, 这是非常偶然的事情。故选B。
22. 【解析】选D。potential潜在的; slight轻微的; rare稀有的; fierce猛烈的。根据句中which took 12 hours to get under control可知火势非常猛烈。故选D。
23. 【解析】选C。句意: 感动之至, Liz决定为这两位英雄结账, 给他们写一封衷心的感谢信, 以此向他们致敬。 根据语境可知, 此处意思是Liz决定为这两位英雄结账。故选C。
24. 【解析】选D。句意: 上面写着: “今天你们的早餐我请客——感谢你们所做的一切。”根据前一句writing them a heartfelt message of gratitude(写下感激的信息), 可知这里表示纸上写着……, 用read来表示。故选D。
25. 【解析】选B。句意: 以火为燃料, 以勇气为动力, 你们是多么好的榜样啊! concern担心; courage勇气; confidence信心; curiosity好奇。结合前文内容, 用了12个小时扑灭这场凶猛的大火, 可以看出消防队员们的勇气。此处表示“以勇气为动力”。故选B。
26. 【解析】选A。句意: 这个简单的善举对筋疲力尽的消防员意义重大。 exhausted筋疲力尽的; brave勇敢的; modest谦虚的; anxious渴望的。上文说这两个消防员通宵扑灭了一场猛烈的仓库大火, 由此可知, 他们一定筋疲力尽了。故选A。
27.【解析】选C。句意: 消防队员们流下了眼泪, 在离开餐馆前感谢了她。 ended up结束; sat up端坐; teared up流泪; showed up露出。根据内容, 这个女孩为这两位英雄结了账, 他们感动得流泪。故选C。
28. 【解析】选D。结合语境可知, 因为感激Liz, 所以应当是劝朋友到这家餐厅吃饭。故选D。
29. 【解析】选A。句意: 为了回报这位年轻女士的好意, Hullings一到家就在脸书上更新了一条信息, 力劝他的朋友们去这家餐厅吃饭, 这条信息很快就被分享了3 000多次。结合语境可知, 信息自然是被分享。故选A。
30. 【解析】选C。句意: 然而, 直到后来他们才意识到Liz才是真正需要帮助的人。 由下文When they found out that Liz was trying to ______money for her paralyzed father to get a wheelchair-accessible van可知, Liz正在为她瘫痪的父亲筹钱, 打算买一辆可以放置轮椅的面包车, Liz才是真正需要帮助的。此处为转折关系, 故选C。
31.【解析】选A。句意: 当他们发现Liz正试图为她瘫痪的父亲筹集资金来买一辆可以放置轮椅的面包车时, Young贴出了一个链接, 链接到Liz父亲的Go Fund Me页面, 支持就滚滚而来。 根据下文The total donations reached $60, 000 and went beyond Liz’s wildest dreams. 可知Liz正在筹钱。故选A。
32. 【解析】选B。picture照片; link链接; note笔记; click单击。根据to a Go Fund Me page for Liz’s dad可知Young贴出了一个链接。故选B。
33.【解析】选B。句意: 当他们发现Liz正试图为她瘫痪的父亲筹集资金来买一辆可以放置轮椅的面包车时, Young贴出了一个链接, 链接到Liz父亲的Go Fund Me页面, 支持就滚滚而来。doubled两倍; rolled in滚滚而来; declined下降; spread out展开。根据The total donations reached $60, 000 and went beyond Liz’s wildest dreams. 可知, 这里是指支持滚滚而来。故选B。
34. 【解析】选A。句意: 她从来没有想到她的小举动会得到如此慷慨的回报。generous慷慨的; conventional传统的; extreme极端的; rapid迅速的。由上文The total donations reached $60, 000 and went beyond Liz’s wildest dreams. 得知, 捐款总额达到了60 000美元, 超出了Liz的最疯狂的梦想, 这是非常慷慨的回报。故选A。
35. 【解析】选D。句意: 我很感激能有机会参与这么积极向上且鼓舞人心的事情。 greedy贪婪的; eager渴望的; prepared准备好的; grateful感激的。能有机会参与这么积极向上的事情, Liz心存感激。故选D。
第二节(共10小题; 每小题1. 5分, 满分15分)
【文章大意】 本文是一篇说明文。长期以来, 咖啡消费对健康的影响一直是一个矛盾和不确定的话题。自20世纪80年代以来, 一些人公开反对咖啡, 因为它对健康有害, 而另一些人则认为咖啡对健康有益。文章主要介绍了一些有关咖啡对人体影响的研究, 指出在科学界就喝咖啡的影响达成共识之前, 咖啡是否利大于弊还是要由个人来决定。
36. 【解析】have spoken。考查动词时态。句意: 自20世纪80年代以来, 一些人公开反对咖啡, 因为它对健康有害, 而另一些人则认为咖啡对健康有益。根据上文“Since the 1980s”可知应用现在完成时, 主语为some, 助动词用have。故填have spoken。
37. 【解析】while。考查连词。设空处连接并列句, 表示前后的对比, 意为“然而”应用while。故填while。
38. 【解析】be taken。考查固定短语。句意: 根据一份科学报告, 适度饮用咖啡, 每天喝三到五杯被认为是一种健康的饮食模式, 有助于降低患心脏病的风险, 预防帕金森氏症。结合句意表示“被认为是……”可知短语为be taken as, 且can后跟动词原形。故填be taken。
39. 【解析】which。考查定语从句。 此处为非限制性定语从句修饰上文整个句子, 从句中缺少主语, 故应用关系代词which引导, that不能引导非限制性定语从句。故填which。
40. 【解析】drinking。考查非谓语动词。句意: 然而, 一些研究表明, 每天喝两杯或两杯以上的咖啡实际上会增加患某种疾病的人患心脏病的风险, 这种疾病会减缓咖啡因在体内的分解。分析句子结构可知drink在句中应用非谓语动词形式, 此处在that从句中作主语, 应用动名词形式。故填drinking。
41. 【解析】actually。考查副词。句意: 然而, 一些研究表明, 每天喝两杯或两杯以上的咖啡实际上会增加患某种疾病的人患心脏病的风险, 这种疾病会减缓咖啡因在体内的分解。修饰后文动词increase应用副词actually, 作状语。故填actually。
42. 【解析】led。考查非谓语动词。句意: 加州大学的Gregory Marcus博士最近领导的一项研究得出的结论是, 每天喝不到4杯咖啡与这些问题没有关系。分析句子结构可知lead在句中应用非谓语动词形式, 与逻辑主语study构成被动关系, 故应用过去分词作定语。故填led。
43. 【解析】with。考查介词。句意: 加州大学的Gregory Marcus博士最近领导的一项研究得出的结论是, 每天喝不到4杯咖啡与这些问题没有关系。be associated with“与……有关系”。故填with。
44. 【解析】agreement。考查名词。句意: 在科学界就喝咖啡的影响达成共识之前, 咖啡是否利大于弊还是要由个人来决定。根据上文“a general”可知应填单数名词agreement, 作宾语。故填agreement。
45. 【解析】are。考查时态和主谓一致。句意: 在科学界就喝咖啡的影响达成共识之前, 咖啡是否利大于弊还是要由个人来决定。从句陈述客观事实用一般现在时, 且主语为the benefits of coffee, 谓语动词用复数。故填are。
第三部分 写作(共两节, 满分40分)
第一节(满分15分)
【参考范文】
Dear Frost,
I’m writing, on behalf of my class, to earnestly invite you to deliver an online lecture concerning students’ health issues between 4 p. m. and 5 p. m. next Friday.
We would be more than grateful if you could lecture on relevant approaches to improving our physical and mental health, especially as many of us are exhausted and depressed due to continuous efforts in study as well as suffering from inadequate sleep and exercise, eating disorder, and feeling stressed out before exams.
Looking forward to your positive reply.
Yours,
Li Hua
第二节(满分25分)
【参考范文】
Upon having their daily family gathering after dinner, Ms Margaret, wearing a mysterious smiles, announced the big news that they had come to the end of “the experiment”. Unexpectedly, the three children didn’t jump up and rush to fetch their beloved smart phones. Instead, Anni and Susan sitting reflectively, Bill shrugged and said, “Saxophone has won my overall interest from video games. ” A surge of satisfaction flew through the mother’s mind and she thought she had made the right decision.
The vivid description of their true and funny experience toward the new lifestyle undeniably contributed to the hit of the book. It dawned on a number of parents to follow her suit and guide their own children to a more reasonable and scientific way when approaching electronic devices. What a hard yet meaningful experience that highlights everything good outside of the virtual world! By the way, they had an unforgettable trip in the places that were contained in books they read during the 6 months.
