必修第一册Unit 5词汇默写
Ⅰ. 核心单词
1. ____________ prep. 即使; 尽管
2. ____________ n. 态度; 看法
3. ____________ vt. & vi. 雕刻
4. ____________ adj. 主要的; 重要的; 大的 n. 主修课程; 主修学生 vi. 主修; 专门研究
5. ____________ n. 方式; 方法; 途径
6. ____________ n. 尊重; 关注vt. 把……视为; 看待
7. ____________ n. 文字; 符号; 角色; 品质; 特点
8. ____________ n. 公共事务; 事件; 关系
9. ____________ n. & vi. 斗争; 奋斗; 搏斗
10. ____________ vt. 恳求; 祈求; 哀求
Ⅱ. 拓展单词
1. base vt. 以……为据点; n. 底部→____________ n. 基础 →____________ adj. 基本的→____________ adv. 主要地, 基本上
2. refer vi. 提到; 参考; 查阅 vt. 查询; 使……求助于→____________ n. 指称关系; 参考
3. classic adj. 经典的; 古典的; 传统的; 最优秀的 n. 经典著作→____________ adj. 古典的; 经典的; 传统的
4. variety n. (植物、语言等的)变体; 异体; 多样化→____________ vt&vi. (使)多样化→____________ adj. 各种各样的
5. description n. 描写(文字); 形容→____________ vt. 描述
6. appreciate vt. 欣赏; 重视; 感激; 领会 vi. 增值→____________ n. 欣赏; 感激
7. equal n. 同等的人; 相等物adj. 相同的; 同样的→____________ adv. 同样地; 相等地→____________ n. 平等; 相等
8. demand n. 要求; 需求 vt. &vi. 强烈要求; 需求; 查问→____________ adj. (工作)要求高的; (人)苛求的
9. relate vt. 联系; 讲述→____________ n. 关系; 联系→____________ adj. 相关的; 有联系的
III.核心短语
1. ____________ 注意
2. ____________ 既不……也不……
3. ____________ 追溯到
4. ____________ 不再
5. ____________ 在……扮演角色; 发挥重要作用
6. ____________ 谈到; 指的是; 描述; 查阅
7. ____________ 浮沉; 兴衰; 荣辱
8. ____________ 观点; 看法
9. ____________ ……有困难
10. ____________ 与……相关; 涉及; 谈到
IV.经典句式
1. 句型公式: “no matter+疑问词” 引导让步状语从句
Even today, _______________________________(不论中国人住在哪里, 也不论说何种方言), they can all still communicate in writing.
2. 句型公式: “the+比较级, the+比较级”, 越……就越……
It was exercise for the brain; _______________________________(我学的语言越多, 我的大脑就越发达).
3. 句型公式: Would/Do you mind doing sth. 你介意做某事吗
I’m sorry. _______________________________(你介意重复). . .
4. 句型公式: 疑问词+动词不定式
My biggest headache is _______________________________(如何用英语表示礼貌).
【参考答案】
Ⅰ. 核心单词
1. despite prep. 即使; 尽管
2. attitude n. 态度; 看法
3. carve vt. & vi. 雕刻
4. major adj. 主要的; 重要的; 大的 n. 主修课程; 主修学生 vi. 主修; 专门研究
5. means n. 方式; 方法; 途径
6. regard n. 尊重; 关注vt. 把……视为; 看待
7. character n. 文字; 符号; 角色; 品质; 特点
8. affair n. 公共事务; 事件; 关系
9. struggle n. & vi. 斗争; 奋斗; 搏斗
10. beg vt. 恳求; 祈求; 哀求
Ⅱ. 拓展单词
1. base vt. 以……为据点; n. 底部→basis n. 基础 →basic adj. 基本的→basically adv. 主要地, 基本上
2. refer vi. 提到; 参考; 查阅 vt. 查询; 使……求助于→reference n. 指称关系; 参考
3. classic adj. 经典的; 古典的; 传统的; 最优秀的 n. 经典著作→classical adj. 古典的; 经典的; 传统的
4. variety n. (植物、语言等的)变体; 异体; 多样化→vary vt&vi. (使)多样化→various adj. 各种各样的
5. description n. 描写(文字); 形容→describe vt. 描述
6. appreciate vt. 欣赏; 重视; 感激; 领会 vi. 增值→appreciation n. 欣赏; 感激
7. equal n. 同等的人; 相等物adj. 相同的; 同样的→equally adv. 同样地; 相等地→equality n. 平等; 相等
8. demand n. 要求; 需求 vt. &vi. 强烈要求; 需求; 查问→demanding adj. (工作)要求高的; (人)苛求的
9. relate vt. 联系; 讲述→relation n. 关系; 联系→related adj. 相关的; 有联系的
III.核心短语
1. pay attention to 注意
2. neither. . . nor. . . 既不……也不……
3. date back (to. . . ) 追溯到
4. no longer 不再
5. play a great role in 在……扮演角色; 发挥重要作用
6. refer to 谈到; 指的是; 描述; 查阅
7. ups and downs 浮沉; 兴衰; 荣辱
8. point of view 观点; 看法
9. have problems/trouble with
……有困难
10. relate to 与……相关; 涉及; 谈到
IV.经典句式
1. 句型公式: “no matter+疑问词” 引导让步状语从句
Even today, no matter where Chinese people live or what dialect they speak(不论中国人住在哪里, 也不论说何种方言), they can all still communicate in writing.
2. 句型公式: “the+比较级, the+比较级”, 越……就越……
It was exercise for the brain; the more I learnt of a language, the more my brain would grow(我学的语言越多, 我的大脑就越发达).
3. 句型公式: Would/Do you mind doing sth. 你介意做某事吗
I’m sorry. Would you mind repeating(你介意重复). . .
4. 句型公式: 疑问词+动词不定式
My biggest headache is how to be polite in English(如何用英语表示礼貌). 必修第一册Unit 5基础练习
Ⅰ. 单词拼写
1. Australians are justly proud of their __________(当地的) wildlife.
2. They’ve spent nearly a __________ (十亿) dollars on the research already.
3. What is the __________(确切的) aim of your working so hard
4. __________(尽管) the bad weather, she still worked in the field.
5. The main __________ (因素) in deciding whether or not to do so is the size of your project.
6. Mandela has become a __________ (象征) of the blacks fighting against the whites in South Africa.
7. There are two mainly different political parties to play an important part in the state __________ (事务) in this country.
8. The majority of us feel worried if we walk through a __________ (地铁).
9. Most of the __________(公寓)in the high-rise building have heat in winter.
10. China has always insisted that all countries, big or small, should be __________(平等的).
Ⅱ. 单句语法填空
1. This is an old building __________(date) back to the 14th century.
2. They joined us in the discussion on how to stop __________ (globe) warming.
3. Beijing is filled with people from __________(variety) of parts of China.
4. I would appreciate __________ if you can recommend a pen pal to me.
5. He graduated from Taiwan University in 1952, __________(major) in Foreign Language.
6. I wrote down the name and phone number of the hotel for future __________(refer).
7. My teacher demanded that the papers (should) __________(hand) in in 40 minutes.
8. I think that your advice is __________ great importance for my English study.
9. Some friends suggest I watch movies __________(base) on the books instead.
Ⅲ. 选词填空
refer to, ups and downs, date back to, relate to, play an important role in, all the way, lead to, point of view, be based on
1. What he said at the meeting didn’t __________________ you.
2. Robots are __________________ industrial production.
3. We plan to put on a play named Alice in Wonderland, which __________________ a movie of the same title.
4. Generally speaking, we will experience __________________ before we succeed.
5. As far as I know, most of the Great Wall __________________ the Ming Dynasty.
6. Long-term stress(压力) can __________________ a variety of serious mental illnesses.
7. Breathing the fresh air, we three talked and laughed __________________.
8. This law __________________ our daily life.
9. From my __________________, we should do some voluntary work in our free time.
Ⅳ. 用本单元的语法知识填空
1. This was a period _________ we Chinese went through a lot of sufferings.
2. The gas _________ which we cannot live is called oxygen.
3. I will never forget the scene _________ you risked(冒险) your life to save the injured.
4. Paul’s friend didn’t know the real reason _________ which he looked so sad today.
5. The picture always reminds me of the moments _________ we spent together in the high school.
6. They explained the way to us _________ can greatly reduce energy waste.
7. I don’t know the reason _________ he didn’t turn to his good friend for help yesterday.
8. Yesterday we visited the Baotu Spring _________ which Jinan is famous.
Ⅴ. 阅读理解
A
If English means endless new words, difficult grammar and sometimes strange pronunciation, you are wrong. Haven’t you noticed that you have become smarter since you started to learn a language
According to a new study by a British university, learning a second language can lead to an increase in your brain power. Researchers found that learning other languages changes grey matter. This is the area of the brain which processes information. It is similar to the way that exercise builds muscles.
The study also found the effect is greater when the younger people learn a second language. A team led by Dr. Andrea Mechelli, from London University, took a group of Britain people who only spoke English. They were compared with a group of “early bilinguals” who had learnt a second language before the age of five, as well as a number of later learners.
Scans showed that grey matter density in the brain was greater in bilinguals than in people without a second language. But the longer a person waited before mastering a new language, the smaller the difference was.
“Our findings suggest that the structure of the brain is changed by the experience of learning a second language, ” said the scientists. It means that the change itself increases the ability to learn.
Professor Dylan Vaughan Jones of the University of Wales has researched the link between bilingualism and math skill. “Having two languages gives you two windows on the world and makes the brain more flexible, ” he said. “You are actually going beyond language and have a better understanding of different ideas. ”
The findings were matched in a study of native Italian speakers who had learned English as a second language between the ages of 2 and 34. Reading, writing and comprehension were all tested. The results showed that the younger they started to learn, the better. “Studying a language means you get an entrance to another world, ” explained the scientists.
1. What’s the main subject talked about in this passage
A. Science on learning a second language.
B. Man’s ability of learning a second language.
C. Language can help brain power.
D. Language learning and math study.
2. In the second paragraph, the writer mentions “exercise” in order to .
A. say language is also a kind of physical labor
B. prove that one needs more practice when he/she is learning a language
C. show the importance of using the language when you learn the language
D. make people believe language learning helps grey matter work well
3. What can we learn from the last two paragraphs
A. Learning a second language is the same as studying math.
B. Early learning of a second language helps you a great deal in study other subjects.
C. Italian is the best choice for you as a second language.
D. We’d better choose the ages between 2 and 34 to learn a second language.
B
Online, English has become a common language for users from around the world. In the process, the language itself is changing. There are now thought to be some 4. 5 billion web pages worldwide. Some language experts predict that within 10 years English will occupy the Internet — but in forms it is very different to what we accept and recognize as English today.
That’s because people who speak English as a second language already outnumber native speakers. And increasingly, they use it to communicate with other non-native speakers, particularly on the Internet where less attention is paid to grammar and spelling and users don’t have to worry about their accent (口音).
Users of Facebook already socialize in a number of different “Englishes” including Indian English, Spanish English and Korean English. While these different styles have long existed within their cultures, they’re now expanding and coming online. Technology companies are introducing newly-developed English words with products aimed at enabling users to add words that are not already in the English dictionary. And most large companies have English websites, while smaller businesses are learning that they need a common language — English — to reach global customers.
The increasing popularity of the Internet allows more languages to develop quickly.
“Most people actually speak several languages—it’s less common to only speak one, ” says Mr Munro. “English has taken its place as the world’s common language, but it’s not pushing out other languages. ” Instead, other languages are pushing their way into English, and in the process creating something new.
4. What does the text mainly talk about
A. English is a common language around the world.
B. There are now many different language styles.
C. English language is developing with the Internet.
D. Smaller businesses are learning a common language.
5. Which of the following is NOT true about online communication
A. People need to spell exactly.
B. Grammar is not so important.
C. People do not care about their accent.
D. Most English-speakers are not native speakers.
6. What can we infer from the text
A. We can only communicate online in English.
B. It’s impossible to find all the English words in the dictionary.
C. Some technology companies start to publish English dictionaries.
D. Smaller businesses are not allowed to have English websites.
7. What can we learn from what Mr Munro said
A. The other languages are enriching English.
B. One can’t live well without speaking several languages.
C. English will become the only language in the world.
D. Chinese used to be the world’s common language.
C
When Faith Wanjiku graduated from the Technical University of Kenya last year, she immediately enrolled (注册) at the Confucius Institute in Kenyatta University. She wanted to learn Chinese, as she believed that it would help her land a good job.
She has just completed the Hanyu Shuiping Kaoshi (HSK) 3 exam. HSK is a test of Chinese language level for non-native speakers, organized by the Confucius Institute Headquarters.
However, this level isn’t enough for Wanjiku, who plans to pass HSK 6. She wanted to increase her level of Chinese and improve her spoken Chinese. And Wanjiku isn’t alone. The number of people taking the HSK reached 6. 8 million in 2018 and went up 4. 6 percent from a year earlier, the Ministry of Education said on May 31.
Chinese is becoming an increasingly popular choice of language to study around the world. Currently, middle school students in Russia can take Chinese as an elective language test in the country’s national college entrance exam, Sputnik News reported.
In May, Zambia became the fourth country in Africa—after Kenya, Uganda and South Africa—to introduce Chinese language to its schools.
And many English-speaking countries have shown an interest in allowing their students to learn Chinese. The US government announced the launch of “1 Million Strong” in 2015, a plan that aims to bring the total number of learners of Chinese to l million by 2020.
Behind the growing popularity of Chinese language learning is the international community’s positive attitude toward China’s future development, as well as the people’s longing to learn about Chinese civilization and culture.
Indeed, it’s as the former president of South Africa Nelson Mandela put it, “if you talk to a man in a language he understands, that goes to his head. If you talk to him in his own language, that goes to his heart. ”
8. What did Wanjiku do after graduating from university
A. She went abroad.
B. She learned Chinese.
C. She found a job.
D. She travelled to China.
9. HSK is a test for .
A. non-native speakers
B. native speakers
C. middle school students
D. college students
10. What does the underlined sentence mean
A. Wanjiku has lots of friends.
B. Lots of people want to pass HSK6 exam.
C. Wanjiku has passed HSK3 exam.
D. Many people want to live in China.
11. What may be the best title for the text
A. Chinese Language Study Takes Off
B. Chinese Plays an Important Role in Economy
C. People Share the Experience of Learning Chinese
D. Different Opinions about the Function of Chinese
Ⅵ. 语法填空
A week ago, when I went down the stairs, my neighbor Ivy stood at her door. She asked me why I had stopped 1. (visit) her family, as they had been waiting for me to come to play with them. I didn’t want to tell her the fact because my dad and mom 2. (warn) me of the danger of going into a neighbor’s house.
3. (final), I decided to follow her into her house because my dad and mom were going on their business at that time. I wanted to find out the “danger”
4. my own. There were four people in her family—Ivy, her mother, her husband, and her son 5. was two years and a half 6. (young) than me. I played with her son all the afternoon and we kept laughing and shouting. I was so happy that I even forgot 7. time. Ivy invited me 8. (have) dinner with them. I just couldn’t refuse her and we had another good time while having dinner.
I 9. (want) to tell my parents of the truth that I didn’t find the “danger” in our neighbor’s house. Instead, what I really got were 10. (kind) and warmth from the whole family.
参考答案
Ⅰ. 1. Australians are justly proud of their native(当地的) wildlife.
2. They’ve spent nearly a billion (十亿) dollars on the research already.
3. What is the specific(确切的) aim of your working so hard
4. Despite(尽管) the bad weather, she still worked in the field.
5. The main factor (因素) in deciding whether or not to do so is the size of your project.
6. Mandela has become a symbol (象征) of the blacks fighting against the whites in South Africa.
7. There are two mainly different political parties to play an important part in the state affairs (事务) in this country.
8. The majority of us feel worried if we walk through a subway (地铁).
9. Most of the apartments(公寓)in the high-rise building have heat in winter.
10. China has always insisted that all countries, big or small, should be equal(平等的).
Ⅱ. 1. This is an old building dating(date) back to the 14th century.
2. They joined us in the discussion on how to stop global (globe) warming.
3. Beijing is filled with people from varieties(variety) of parts of China.
4. I would appreciate it if you can recommend a pen pal to me.
5. He graduated from Taiwan University in 1952, majoring(major) in Foreign Language.
6. I wrote down the name and phone number of the hotel for future reference(refer).
7. My teacher demanded that the papers (should) be handed(hand) in in 40 minutes.
8. I think that your advice is of great importance for my English study.
9. Some friends suggest I watch movies based(base) on the books instead.
Ⅲ.1. What he said at the meeting didn’t refer to you.
2. Robots are playing an important role in industrial production.
3. We plan to put on a play named Alice in Wonderland, which is based on a movie of the same title.
4. Generally speaking, we will experience ups and downs before we succeed.
5. As far as I know, most of the Great Wall dates back to the Ming Dynasty.
6. Long-term stress(压力) can lead to a variety of serious mental illnesses.
7. Breathing the fresh air, we three talked and laughed all the way.
8. This law relates to our daily life.
9. From my point of view, we should do some voluntary work in our free time.
Ⅳ. 1. This was a period when we Chinese went through a lot of sufferings.
2. The gas without which we cannot live is called oxygen.
3. I will never forget the scene where you risked(冒险) your life to save the injured.
4. Paul’s friend didn’t know the real reason for which he looked so sad today.
5. The picture always reminds me of the moments which/that we spent together in the high school.
6. They explained the way to us which/that can greatly reduce energy waste.
7. I don’t know the reason why he didn’t turn to his good friend for help yesterday.
8. Yesterday we visited the Baotu Spring for which Jinan is famous.
Ⅴ.
A
【文章大意】研究显示, 学习一门外语能够增强脑力, 增强人的学习能力, 这是因为学习外语改变了大脑的灰质, 大脑灰质负责对信息的处理。研究还发现, 越早学习一门外语, 学习能力越强。
1. 【解析】选C。主旨大意题。由第二段可知, 根据英国一所大学的一项新研究, 学习第二语言可以提高你的脑力。结合下文, 通过一些科学研究和科学家的实验都证明了这个观点。所以本文主要讨论的主题是语言有助于增强脑力。故选C。
2. 【解析】选D。推理判断题。由第二段可知, 研究人员发现, 学习其他语言会改变大脑的灰质。这是大脑中处理信息的区域, 这与锻炼肌肉的方式类似。作者认为语言学习对大脑的促进作用和锻炼对肌肉的促进作用一样, 即只要学习一门语言就会促进大脑灰质发挥作用。由此推知, 在第二段中作者提到“exercise”是为了让人们相信, 语言学习促进大脑灰质很好地发挥它的作用。故选D。
3. 【解析】选B。推理判断题。由最后一段可知, 研究人员对以意大利语为母语, 在2岁至34岁之间将英语作为第二语言的人进行了调查。他们对阅读、写作和理解都进行了测试。结果表明, 他们越早学习一门语言, 对学习其他科目的效果就越好。所以通过研究结果可以判断出, 作者想告诉我们, 早些学习一门语言对学习其他科目有很大帮助。故选B。
B
【文章大意】英语在网上应用频繁, 在这个过程中语言在改变, 专家预测10年内, 英语会在网上占主要地位, 但形式会与现在的英语不同。
4. 【解析】选C。主旨大意题。由第一段可知, 在网上, 英语成为世界范围内用户的普遍语言。在这个过程中, 语言自己也在改变。现在有45亿网页。一些专家预测在10年内, 英语会占据网络, 但形式会与我们现在接受和认为的英语不同。由此可以推断出文章谈论的是英语随着网络的发展。故选C。
5. 【解析】选A。细节理解题。由第二段可知, 逐渐地, 他们使用英语与非本地人交流, 尤其是在网上, 语法、拼写和口音都不必太在意。由此可以看出: 网上交流时, 人们不需要拼写完全正确也可以。故在网上交流时“人们需要准确拼写”与原文不符。故选A。
6.【解析】选B。细节理解题。由第三段可知, 因为产品, 技术公司会介绍新发展的英语单词, 这是为了用户能理解英语字典中没有的单词。所以, 不可能在字典中查到所有的单词。故选B。
7. 【解析】选A。细节理解题。由最后一段中的“other languages are pushing their way into English, and in the process creating something new. ”可知, 其他语言在进入英语, 在这个过程中创造了一些新的东西。也就是说其他的语言与英语融合, 丰富了英语, 故选A。
C
【文章大意】Wanjiku毕业后想学汉语。HSK是由孔子学院总部组织的针对非母语人士的汉语水平测试。汉语正成为世界各地越来越受欢迎的语言学习选择。
8. 【解析】选B。细节理解题。根据第一段中She wanted to learn Chinese, as she believed that it would help her land a good job. “她想学汉语, 因为她相信这会帮助她找到一份好工作。”可知, 毕业后Wanjiku想学汉语。故选B。
9. 【解析】选A。细节理解题。根据第二段中HSK is a test of Chinese language level for non-native speakers, organized by the Confucius Institute Headquarters. “HSK是由孔子学院总部组织的针对非母语人士的汉语水平测试。”可知, 汉语水平考试是一项针对非母语人士的考试。故选A。
10.【解析】选B。句意猜测题。根据第三段中The number of people taking the HSK reached 6. 8 million in 2018 and went up 4. 6 percent from a year earlier, the Ministry of Education said on May 31. “教育部5月31日表示, 2018年参加HSK考试的人数达到680万, 同比增长4. 6%。”由此推知, 画线句子的意思是“很多人都想通过HSK6考试。”故选B。
11. 【解析】选A。标题归纳题。根据第四段可知, 汉语正成为世界各地越来越受欢迎的语言学习选择。根据俄罗斯卫星新闻报道, 目前, 俄罗斯的中学生可以在全国大学入学考试中选修汉语。由此可知, 汉语学习正在腾飞。故选A。
Ⅵ.【文章大意】主要记叙了作者一周前不顾爸爸妈妈的警告, 进入了邻居Ivy的家里, 作者和她的儿子玩了一下午, 一直有说有笑甚至忘了时间。最后与他们一起共进晚餐。作者想要告诉父母自己并没有在邻居的房子里发现“危险”。相反, 真正得到的是来自整个家庭的温暖和善良。
1. 【解析】visiting。考查非谓语动词。根据短语stop doing sth. 表示“停止做某事”。故填visiting。
2. 【解析】had warned。考查时态。句意: 因为我的爸爸妈妈之前警告过我去邻居家的危险。作者去邻居家是过去时, 之前爸爸妈妈的警告应用过去完成时。故填had warned。
3. 【解析】Finally。考查副词。修饰后文整个句子应用副词finally, 表示“最后”, 句首字母要大写。故填Finally。
4. 【解析】on。考查介词。根据短语on one’s own表示“独自地”。故填on。
5. 【解析】who/that。考查定语从句。此处为定语从句修饰先行词son, 且先行词在从句中作主语, 指人, 故用关系代词who或that。故填who/that。
6. 【解析】younger。考查比较级。根据后文than me可知应用形容词比较级。故填younger。
7. 【解析】the。考查冠词。句意: 我很高兴, 甚至忘记了时间。此处time “时间”为特指, 应用定冠词the。故填the。
8. 【解析】to have。考查非谓语动词。根据短语invite sb. to do sth. 表示“邀请某人做某事”, 后跟不定式。故填to have。
9. 【解析】wanted。考查时态。句意: 我想要告诉爸爸妈妈的事实是并没有在邻居家的房子里发现“危险”。作者想要告诉爸爸妈妈是过去发生的事且整篇时态为过去时。故填wanted。
10. 【解析】kindness。考查名词。根据后文and warmth可知应填名词kindness, 表示“善良”。故填kindness。(共32张PPT)
人教版2019必修第一册
Unit 5
单元重难知识点复习
Ⅰ. 重点词汇
1. regard n. 尊敬; 敬佩 ; 关注, 关心 vt. 认为, 看待
【典型例句】 I have high regard for your abilities.
我非常敬佩你的能力。
【词块必记】
(1)regard for. . . 对……的尊重
give one’s regards (to sb. ) 代某人(向某人)问好
(2)regard. . . as. . . 把……看作……
(3)with regard to 关于; 至于
【熟词生义】
He wrote an article for the People’s Daily regarding how to build a harmonious
society. 他为《人民日报》写了一篇关于怎样建设和谐社会的文章。
(prep. 关于; 至于)
【知识微练】 单句语法填空
①As everybody knows, kangaroos are native to Australia and are often regarded
__ one of Australia’s national treasures.
②Please give my _______ (regard) to your parents.
③With regard __ my favorite Chinese poet, I’d like to introduce Du Fu to you.
as
regards
to
【佳句赏析】
Meanwhile, I’ll regard it as my duty to help keep our environment clean and healthy.
同时, 我将把帮助保持环境干净健康作为我的职责。
2. means n. 手段; 方法; 工具
【典型例句】
Written Chinese has also become an important means by which China’s present is connected with its past.
汉字书写也成为连接中国的过去与现在的一种重要手段。
【词块必记】
(1)by this means 通过这种方式
(2)by means of 借助……
(3)by no means 决不, 一点儿也不(置于句首时, 句子要用部分倒装)
(4)by all means 当然可以; 没问题
【知识微练】
单句语法填空
①There is no doubt that WeChat is ___ important means of communication.
②By no means ____ Jane _____ (agree) to go hiking this weekend. She has too
much work to do.
③I can make a living ___ means of teaching English.
【佳句赏析】
Thoughts are expressed by means of words.
思想借助言语来表达(言为心声)。
an
will
agree
by
3. variety n. (植物、语言等的)变体, 异体; [U]变化, 多样化, 多变性
【典型例句】
The article was about the different varieties of English spoken all over the world.
这篇文章是关于世界各地所说的各类英语。
【词块必记】
(1)for various reasons 由于种种原因
(2) a variety of= varieties of
种类繁多的
all kinds of 各种各样的
(3) vary vt. & vi. 改变; 变化
vary from. . . to. . . 从……到……不等;
在……到……之间变动
【知识微练】 单句语法填空
① In the botanical garden we can find a ______(vary) of plants that range from tall
trees to small flowers.
② The exhibition not only shows _______ (vary) paper cuts in different regions, but
also presents to us the history and development of paper-cutting in China.
句式升级
③Our school has built a new stadium. It has all kinds of well-equipped facilities.
→Our school has built a new stadium, _______________________well-equipped
facilities. (定语从句)
variety
various
which contains a variety of
4. appreciate vt. 欣赏; 重视; 感激; 领会vi. 增值
【典型例句】 The passengers appreciated my warm-hearted service, which greatly inspired me.
乘客感激我热情的服务, 这极大地鼓励了我。
【词块必记】
(1)appreciate that. . . 理解……
appreciate (sb. /sb. ‘s) doing. . . 感激(某人)做……
(2)I would appreciate it if. . . 如果……我将不胜感激
(3)appreciation n. 欣赏, 感激
express one’s appreciation/thanks to sb. 对某人表达感激之情
【知识微练】 单句语法填空
①Here I sincerely express my ___________ (appreciate) if you could help find the
lost suitcase.
②I would appreciate you ______ (call) back this afternoon.
③I would appreciate __ if you would set aside the whole day on March 3 so that I
can meet with you.
完成句子
④I appreciate ________________________to work in your company two years
ago.
感激两年前给我在贵公司的工作机会。
appreciation
calling
it
being given the opportunity
Ⅱ. 核心短语
5. refer to (referred; referred)谈到; 提到; 参考; 查阅; 查看
【教材原句】
What do the italicised words refer to in the sentences (P60)句子中的斜体词指的是什么
【词块必记】
(1)refer to. . . as. . . 把……称作……
refer. . . to. . . 把……提交给……(以求获得帮助)
(2)reference n. 言及; 提及; 参考; 查阅
in/with reference to 关于
【知识微练】 写出黑体部分的含义
① If you don’t know the exact meaning of the word, you may refer to the dictionary. _____
②When giving the lecture, he referred to his note from time to time. _____
③In China, women who remain single in their late twenties are referred to as
“leftover woman” by relatives and the media. ___________
查阅
参考
把……称作
Ⅲ. 经典句式
6. Even today, no matter where Chinese people live or what dialect they speak, they can all still communicate in writing. 即使在今天, 不论住在哪里, 也不论说何种方言, 中国人都仍能通过书写进行交流。
【句型公式】
“no matter +疑问词” 引导的让步状语从句
“no matter+疑问词”与“疑问词+-ever”异同
“no matter+疑问词” “no matter+疑问词”结构只能引导让步状语从句, 这时可以和“疑问词+-ever”互换, 值得注意的是它不能引导名词性从句
“疑问词+-ever” wh-ever可引导让步状语从句, 也可引导名词性从句
【知识微练】 完成句子
① A determined person always tries to finish the job, __________________it is.
无论工作多么困难, 意志坚定的人总会尽力完成。
②_____________________________________my task on schedule.
无论发生什么, 我尽力按时完成任务。
③_____________________, you should let your parents know. 无论去什么地方,
你都应该让你父母知道。
no matter how hard
No matter what happened, I tried to finish
No matter where you go
7. The more I learnt of a language, the more my brain would grow.
我对一门语言学的越多, 我的大脑就会越发达。
【典型例句】 The more learned a man is, the more modest he usually becomes. 一个人越博学, 往往变得越谦虚。
【句型公式】
“the+比较级(+主语+谓语), the+比较级(+主语+谓语)”结构(……) 越……, (……)越……, 表示后者随着前者的变化而变化
(1)the+比较级. . . the+比较级. . . 句型中, 主句和从句的时态常用一般现在时或一般过去时。若主句的谓语动词用一般将来时, 从句的谓语动词要用一般现在时表示将来。
(2)在意义明确的情况下, 主从句都可以有所省略, 特别是谚语、俗语中。The more, the better. 多多益善。
【知识微练】 单句语法填空
①There are lots of ways to raise awareness for a cause. Usually, the
________ (strange) the idea is, the more it gets noticed.
②The more positive an article, the __________(likely) it was to be shared.
【佳句赏析】
The more often you seize opportunities to talk to the foreigners, the more confident
you will be when speaking a foreign language.
越常抓住机会和外国人交谈, 说外语时你就越自信。
stranger
more likely
【补充要点】
1. despite prep. 即使; 尽管
【教材原句】 China is widely known for its ancient civilisation which has continued all the way through into modern times, despite the many ups and downs in its history. (P62)
中国因其古文明而广为人知, 虽然古文明在历史上有盛衰起伏, 但它成功传承到了现代。
【词块必记】
(1)despite=in spite of 尽管; 不管
(2)regardless of 不管; 不顾(侧重指不计后果和代价)
【巧学助记】 Despite the pain, I stayed the course walking a bit and then running again.
尽管很痛, 我还是坚持走了一会儿, 然后又跑了起来。
【知识微练】
单句语法填空
①You will hurt others if you say what you think, regardless __ other people’s
feelings.
②Dr. Bethune continued working in spite of _______ (cut) his hand during an
operation.
【佳句赏析】
In addition, the Internet makes surveying and voting easy and convenient,
regardless of time and space.
除此之外, 网络使调查和投票无论在时间上还是空间上变得容易、方便了。
of
cutting
2. demand n. 要求; 需要; vt. 强烈要求
【典型例句】
(2020·浙江高考)Adaptive signals can make sure that the traffic demand that is there is being addressed.
变化的信号灯能确保那里现有的交通需求得到满足。
【词块必记】
(1)be in (great) demands (迫切)需求
meet/satisfy one’s demands 满足某人的需求
(2) demand sth. 需要某事物
demand to do sth. 要求做某事
demand that. . . (should) do sth. 要求……做某事
(3) demanding adj. 高要求的; 要求严格的
【知识微练】
单句语法填空
①They think learning English well is one of the ________ (demand) of modern
society and will do good to our future career.
②My father came down and demanded _______(know) what was going on.
③My demand is that the information referred to in my report _________________
(email) Mr Brown without delay.
demands
to know
(should) be emailed
3. relate vt. 联系; 讲述
【教材原句】
Does each sentence relate to the main idea (P67)
每句话都与主旨有关吗
【词块必记】
(2)relation n. (relations) (人、团体、国家之间的)关系; [U, C]关联
in relation to 关于; 与……相比
related adj. 相关的; 有联系的
relationship n. 关系; 联系
relative adj. 比较的; 相对的 n. 亲戚
relatively adv. 相对地; 相当地
【知识微练】 单句语法填空
①Nowadays, many people agree with the theory that acupuncture is related __ the
production of chemicals in the body which reduce pain.
②Since the 1980s, tourism industry has become the leading industry in Zhangjiajie,
which has stimulated the development of other industries ______ (relate) to tourism.
③I have a lot to say in _______(relate) to this affair.
【佳句赏析】 It’s important to nurture a good working relationship. 维持良好的工
作关系非常重要。
to
related
relation
4. point of view 观点
【典型例句】 There are a number of different points of view on this issue. 在这个问题上意见纷纭。
【词块必记】
from one’s point of view 依照某人的观点; 在某人看来
come into view 在视野之中; 看得见
take /hold the view that. . . 持有……观点
in view of 鉴于; 考虑到; 由于
【知识微练】 完成句子
From Zhong Nanshan’s ____________, _________safety, he firmly ____________
that everyone should wear masks and keep distance from each other in public areas.
在钟南山看来, 考虑到安全性, 他坚定地认为每人都应佩戴口罩并在公共场合保
持距离。
point of view
in view of
holds the view
5. date back (to. . . ) 追溯到……
【典型例句】
According to the expert, the temple has a history dating back to the early Tang Dynasty.
那个专家说这座寺庙历史悠久, 可追溯到初唐时期。
【词块必记】
(1)date back+一段时间的名词
date back to +时间点, 相当于 date from
(2) up to date 最新的; 时髦的
out of date过期的; 过时的
【知识微练】 单句语法填空
①The sale also features Britain’s most extensive collection of historical cookbooks,
some of which date back __ the reign of Henry Ⅷ.
完成句子
②Every day a number of tourists take pictures in front of the tower _____________
as early as 800 years ago. (现在分词作定语)
每天大量的游客在追溯到800年前的古塔前拍照。
to
dating back to必修第一册Unit 5综合检测
第一部分 听力(共两节, 满分30分)（略）
第二部分 阅读 (共两节, 满分50分)
第一节(共15小题; 每小题2. 5分, 满分37. 5分)
阅读下列短文, 从每题所给的A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
There are many idioms in English. An idiom is a phrase that we can’t understand from the meaning of each word. The following are some of them.
As the crow flies
When a bird flies from place to place, it takes the most direct route. But when people drive, they have to follow roads and often go farther. When people give a distance “as the crow flies”, they mean the shortest distance between the two points, not the distance you would have to travel by following roads.
As Dan and his mum drove along the river, they could see the beach on the opposite side, Dan asked “How far is it to the beach ”
“It’s only about a quarter of a mile as the crow flies” his mother said.
Blow hot and cold
In one of Aesop’s Fables, a man blow on his fingers to warm them up and then blow on his soup to cool it down. In both cases, the man is opening his mouth, but what comes out is different. If a person says one thing and later says the opposite, we say that the person is blowing hot and cold.
“Is Felicia going to try out for the soccer team this year ” Stacy asked.
“I don’t know, ” Tricia replied. “Last week she was saying yes, but this week she’s saying no. She’s really blowing hot and cold. ”
Break the ice
Nowadays people use the phrase to refer to ending an awkward silence by beginning a conversation.
It was the first day of summer camp. The four girls began to make their beds in silence. None of the girls knew each other, and no one knew what to say. Finally, one of them broke the ice by saying “Hey, where’s everybody from ”
Bury the hatchet
In native American culture, when two nations agreed to end their war, they buried the hatchet. So to bury the hatchet is to make peace with someone else.
Colin could not excuse his sister for breaking his tennis racket. Finally, his sister said, “Colin, can’t we bury the hatchet ”
21. What does “as the crow flies” mean
A In the smoothest way. B. By plane.
C. In a straight line. D. At top speed.
22. “Blow hot and cold” can be used to talk about someone’s ______.
A. poor health B. bad manner
C. communication skills D. changing attitudes
23. When the four girls were making their beds in silence, they probably felt ______.
A. shy B. disappointed
C. excited D. curious
24. It can be inferred that Colin’s sister hoped that Colin would ______.
A. buy a new tennis racket
B. forgive her mistake
C. stay away from her
D. make an apology to her
B
When I was young, my mother didn’t have the money to send me to school, but she thought it was important for me to keep up with education. So she decided to teach me extra lessons herself. But because she had to go to work, the only time she could do it was at 4: 30 in the morning.
We need every one of you to develop your talents and your skills so that you can help us old folks solve our most difficult problems. If you quit on school—you’re not just quitting on yourself, but you’re quitting on your country. No one’s written your destiny(命运)for you, because you write your own destiny. You make your own future. That’s why today, I’m calling on each of you to set your own goals for your education and do everything you can to meet them. Your goals can be something as simple as doing all your homework, paying attention in class, or spending some time reading a book.
But whatever you decide to do, I want you to commit(对……做出承诺) to it. I want you to really work at it. I know that sometimes you get that sense from TV that you can be rich and successful without any hard work that your ticket to success is through rapping or basketball or being a reality TV star. No one’s born being good at all things. You become good at things through hard work. You’re not a good athlete at the first time you do a new sport. You don’t hit every note at the first time you sing a song. You have to practice.
25. What can we learn from the first paragraph
A. The writer’s home was very rich.
B. The writer’s mother was a teacher.
C. The writer was born in a poor family.
D. The writer didn’t like reading books.
26. Why does the writer call on everyone to set his/her own goal
A. Because everyone’s future is determined by themselves.
B. Because everyone’s future is to do simple work.
C. Because everyone should do their homework.
D. Because everyone should pay attention in class.
27. How can people realise their great dreams
A. By rapping. B. By playing basketball.
C. By being a reality star. D. By working hard.
C
What makes a family How do family members get along with each other Japanese director Hirokazu Koreeda tries to answer these questions in his films.
His latest film, Shoplifters, is about his favourite topic-family relations. With this film, Koreeda won this year’s Palme d’Or (金棕榈奖), the Cannes Film Festival’s top honor.
Shoplifters tells the story of a poor family living in Tokyo. Three generations living under the same roof survive by stealing from local shops.
Obviously, what they are doing is wrong. But the director focuses more on the heartwarming details of the family’s daily life, according to The Playist. Koreeda shows how the family members love and support each other. For example, the family plans a beach trip for the youngest sister. They carefully pick out swimwear for the girl. At the beach, they play happily. The girl draws a picture to help her remember their time together. This causes viewers to forget about their moral judgments.
This is another feature of Koreeda’s filming style. He is good at presenting ordinary life. It’s slow and full of small details-sometimes it’s even boring. But there is tension(冲突) present as well. In Shoplifters, the surprise is that the family members don’t actually have blood ties to each other, but they are still closer than a real family. They all have their own stories.
In Japan and most other Asian countries, blood ties are what defines (定义) family. But Koreeda questions that by looking at different kinds of relations.
28. How does the family in the Shoplifters make a living
A. By drawing pictures.
B. By working in local shops.
C. By begging from neighbors.
D. By stealing from the local stores.
29. Whom does the family plan a beach trip for
A. the director B. the viewers
C. the shoplifter D. the youngest sister
30. What does Koreeda want to show us in the movie
A. The meaning of a family.
B. How to get long with a Japanese families.
C. The ordinary life in a Japanese family.
D. The different relationship in a poor family.
31. This passage is mainly about ______.
A. family relations
B. a film directed by Koreeda
C. a famous Japanese director
D. features of Koreeda’s films
D
People often ask which is the most difficult language to learn, and it is not easy to answer because there are too many factors to take into consideration. Firstly, in a first language the difficulties are unimportant as people learn their mother tongue naturally, so the question of how hard a language is to learn only makes more sense when learning a second language.
A native speaker of Spanish, for example, will find Portuguese much easier to learn than a native speaker of Chinese because Portuguese is very similar to Spanish, while Chinese is very different, so first language can affect learning a second language. The greater the differences between the second language and our first language, the harder it will be for most people to learn. Many people answer that Chinese is the hardest language to learn, possibly influenced by the thought of learning the Chinese writing system, and the pronunciation of Chinese does appear to be very difficult for many foreign learners. However, for Japanese speakers, who already use Chinese characters in their own language, learning writing will be less difficult than for speakers of languages using the Roman alphabet.
Some people seem to learn languages easily, while others find it very difficult. Teachers and the circumstances in which the language is learned also play an important role, as well as each learner’s motivation for learning. If people learn a language because they need to use it professionally, they often learn it faster than people studying a language that has no direct use in their day to day life.
Obviously, British diplomats and other embassy staff have found that the second hardest language is Japanese, which will probably come as no surprise to many, but the language that they have found to be the most problematic is Hungarian, which uses a similar alphabet to English but has 35 cases (forms of a nouns according to whether it is subject, object, genitive, etc). This does not mean that Hungarian is the hardest language to learn for everyone, but it causes British diplomatic personnel, who are generally used to learning languages, the most difficulty. However, Tabassaran, a Caucasian language has 48 cases, so it might cause more difficulty if British diplomats had to learn it.
Different cultures and individuals from those cultures will find different languages more difficult. Therefore, it is impossible to say that there is one language that is the most difficult language in the world.
32. What can we infer from the first paragraph
A. The question of how hard a language is to learn is only applicable to first language acquisition.
B. The question of how hard a language is to learn is only applicable to second language acquisition.
C. The question of how hard a language is to learn is applicable to both first and second language acquisition.
D. There are too many languages in the world so it’s difficult to say which one is the most difficult to learn.
33. Which language will a native Portuguese speaker probably find easier to learn
A. Chinese, because Portuguese use Chinese characters in their own language .
B. Japanese, because it is similar to their own language.
C. Spanish, because it also uses Roman alphabet.
D. Anyone but Chinese, because its pronunciation is very difficult.
34. What does the underlined word “circumstances” mean in Paragraph 3
A. A particular situation or environment.
B. The degree of education that somebody has obtained.
C. Teachers’ encouragement.
D. Professional training.
35. The author is most likely to agree ____
A. many British diplomats learn Tabassaran.
B. Hungarian’s grammatical complexity causes problems for native British speakers.
C. Tabassaran is the hardest language to learn in the world for native European speakers.
D. learning a different writing system is very easy for British speakers.
第二节 (共5小题; 每小题2. 5分, 满分12. 5分)
阅读下面短文, 从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
After entering high school, you must wonder how to study well. Here are some good skills for you.
Go to class
If you want to do well at school, going to class is the first step in studying well. If you miss classes, you will miss what the teacher thinks is important; as a result, you’ll miss what is the most likely to end up on the test. 36
Take good notes
Try not to write everything down. 37 Write down unfamiliar terms. After class, review your notes as soon as possible. You can fill in details that you missed and review the material while it is still fresh on your mind.
38
If you are struggling in class, talk to your teacher. He or she may be able to give you more help or tutor you before or after class. Most teachers have little sympathy (同情) for students who just become worried about failing during the last few weeks of the grading period.
Take part in class discussions
In order to learn more in class, it is helpful to take part in class discussions. Asking questions and having eye contact with your teachers and classmates can increase your participation (参与) and your focus during the class discussion. 39 This helps you make your point clear in class.
Form study groups
40 Make sure that everyone is familiar with the material because you do not want to spend time re-teaching material to people who do not understand it. Be careful! Sometimes group sessions can become chatting sessions.
A. Don’t be late for your class.
B. Talk to your teacher if you need help.
C. You should write down all the new terms.
D. So if you want to study well, go to every class.
E. Get students together who want to do well in class.
F. All you need is to put the main points in your own words.
G. If the material is difficult, you’d better read it before class.
第三部分 语言运用 (共两节, 满分30分)
第一节(共15小题; 每小题1分, 满分15分)
阅读下面短文, 从每题所给的A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
If you want to learn a new language, the very first thing to think about is why. Do you need it for a 41 reason, such as your job or your studies Or perhaps you’re interested in the literature, films or music of a(n) 42 country and you know how much it will help to have a 43 of the language.
Most people learn best using a variety of methods, but traditional classes are 44 ideal(理想的)start for many people. They provide an environment where you can practice 45 the guidance of someone who’s good at the language. We all lead busy lives and learning a language takes 46 . You will have more success if you study regularly, so try to develop a 47 . It doesn’t matter if you haven’t got long. Becoming fluent in a language will take years, but learning to get by takes 48 .
Many people start learning a language and soon give up. “I’m too 49 , ”they say. Yes, children do learn languages more 50 than adults, but research has shown that you can learn a language at any 51 . And learning is good for the health of your brain, too. I’ve also heard people worry about the mistakes they make when 52 . Well, relax and laugh about your mistakes 53 you’re much less likely to make them again.
Learning a new language is never 54 . But with some work and devotion, you’ll make progress. And you will be 55 by the positive reaction of some people when you say just a few words in their own language. Good luck!
41. A. technical B. political C. practical D. physical
42. A. special B. important C. difficult D. different
43. A. view B. knowledge C. form D. database
44. A. the B. a C. an D. one
45. A. with B. in C. under D. for
46. A. courage B. time C. energy D. place
47. A. theory B. business C. routine D. project
48. A. longer B. a lot less C. greater D. much more
49. A. old B. nervous C. weak D. tired
50. A. closely B. quickly C. privately D. quietly
51. A. age B. speed C. distance D. school
52. A. singing B. working C. bargaining D. learning
53. A. if B. and C. but D. before
54. A. tiresome B. hard C. interesting D. easy
55. A. blamed B. amazed C. interrupted D. informed
第二节(共10小题; 每小题1. 5分, 满分15分)
阅读下面短文, 在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Many pieces of beautiful pottery (陶器) were discovered in Luoyang, Henan Province, 56. ______ there were a few tombs of the Tang Dynasty, when a railway was in the process of being constructed in 1899. The pieces of pottery were either in yellow, green and white colors 57. ______ in yellow, green and brown colors. Because they were found from tombs of the Tang Dynasty, they were called “Tang tri-colored glazed pottery”.
The production of glassy pottery in China 58. ______ (date) back to ancient times. Colored glaze was usually not applied 59. ______ the head of a pottery figure. After the base was baked, a few touches of Chinese ink 60. ______ (paint) to represent the eyes, eyebrows and beard. The facial expression and inner world of a small statue were portrayed(刻画) most 61. ______ (vivid).
There are a great 62. ______ (various) of Tang tri-colored glazed pottery pieces. With unique shapes, they had the rich flavor of life, 63. ______ (cover) almost every field of life related to the dead, from models of architecture to plates, bowls and from small statues of the heavenly kings with 64. ______ bad temper to those of beautiful noble ladies. They showed the 65. ______(color) social life and the splendid culture of the Tang Dynasty.
第四部分 写作 (共两节, 满分40分)
第一节 (满分15分)
假如你是李华, 你看到英国留学生Sharon在网上发帖子, 希望有人能帮助她提高普通话(Mandarin)水平, 她可以教英语作为回报。请根据以下提示用英语写一封电子邮件。
1. 表示愿意提供帮助; 2. 说明你能胜任的理由; 3. 给出讲好普通话的两点建议; 4. 提出你学英语的具体需求。
注意: 1. 词数80左右。
2. 开头语已给出, 不计入总词数。
Hi, Sharon,
This is Li Hua. I learned from your post that you want to improve your Mandarin.
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Sincerely yours,
Li Hua
第二节 (满分25分)
阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
Once, I was traveling with my mum and elder sister. It was a day journey and we entered the ladies’ compartment (隔间) of the train, where the seats all had “Ladies” written on the back. It was crowded but we got seats and settled down. We kept our luggage under the seats and waited for the train to start.
Ladies kept on coming inside. The seats were quickly taken, and there were even people standing along the aisles, which made the people in the compartment seem to be breathless. Only one seat was empty when a woman with a baby entered. She was about to go over to the empty place, when a burly (结实的) looking man entered, walked straight over to the empty seat, and sat down with a thump (砰的一声), taking no notice of his surroundings.
The lady with the child held on to her bag and stood in a corner. I was watching all this with a frown. I expected the woman standing there or any of the other ladies to speak out asking the man to leave the ladies’ compartment.
Alas! No one spoke. Most ladies there seemed to be busy with their own business, including my mom and sister who had their eyes shut trying to rest, unaware of anything wrong. I decided I could not disturb them. I kept on feeling upset with frustration, wanting to help in some way. I would have offered my place but I was already sitting between my mom and sister, both of whom were stronger than me, so I couldn’t move a bit.
The train had started and was gaining speed minute by minute. The woman standing there was swaying to and fro with the train’s speed, the screaming child in her arms. The mannerless man had no reaction. I couldn’t stand it any more.
注意：
1. 续写词数应为150左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
I got up and walked calmly over to him.
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
The lady with the baby thanked me again and again.
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
参考答案
第一部分 听力(共两节, 满分30分)（略）
第二部分 阅读 (共两节, 满分50分)
第一节(共15小题; 每小题2. 5分, 满分37. 5分)
A
【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了四个英语习语的意思与用法实例。
21. 【解析】选C。词义猜测题。根据第二段可知“像乌鸦那样飞”指的是两点之间的最短距离, 也就是说是直线飞行。
22. 【解析】选D。细节理解题。根据第五段中If a person says one thing and later says the opposite, we say that the person is blowing hot and cold. 可知, 如果一个人说一件事, 并且稍后又说相反的事, 我们说这个人在吹热风和凉风。言外之意就是说这个人的态度摇摆不定。
23. 【解析】选A。细节理解题。根据“Break the ice”这一部分中的None of the girls knew each other, and no one knew what to say. 可知, 这些女孩们彼此不认识且不知道说什么。这说明她们可能感到害羞。
24. 【解析】选B。推理判断题。根据最后一部分中So to bury the hatchet is to make peace with someone else. 可知, 把斧子埋起来就是和某人和解。故可推测Colin的姐姐的话的意思是原谅了她的错误。
B
【文章大意】本文是记叙文。主要讲述了每个人都能通过提高自己的才能和技能来帮助自己解决最棘手的问题, 人们努力工作才能实现他们的美好梦想。
25. 【解析】选C。推理判断题。根据第一段When I was young, . . . with education. 当我年轻的时候, 我的母亲没有钱送我上学, 但她认为继续接受教育对我很重要。可知, 作者出生在一个贫穷的家庭。故选C。
26. 【解析】选A。细节理解题。根据第二段No one’s written your . . . own destiny. 可知, 作者要求每个人设定自己的目标, 是因为每个人的未来都是由他们自己决定的。故选A。
27. 【解析】选D。细节理解题。根据最后一段But whatever you decide . . . work at it. 可知, 人们努力工作才能实现他们的美好梦想。故选D。
C
【文章大意】本文是说明文。文章介绍了日本导演是枝裕和拍摄的一部电影《小偷家族》。
28. 【解析】选D。细节理解题。根据第三段Shoplifters tells the story . . . local shops. 可知, 在the Shoplifters家里的人是通过偷商店里的东西谋生的。故选D。
29. 【解析】选D。细节理解题。根据第四段中the family plans a beach trip for the youngest sister. 故选D。
30. What does Koreeda want to show us in the movie
D. The different relationship in a poor family.
【解析】选A。推理判断题。根据最后一段In Japan and most other Asian countries, . . . kinds of relations. 可知, 导演想在电影中向我们展示“家庭的意义”。故选A。
31. 【解析】选B。主旨大意题。根据第一段What makes a family . . . in his films. 可知, 这篇文章的主题主要是关于日本导演拍摄的一部电影。故选B。
D
【文章大意】这是一篇议论文。文章论述了世界上哪一种语言最难学。
32.【解析】选D。细节理解题。根据第一段中“People often ask which is the most . . . . consideration. ”可知世界上有太多的语言, 所以很难说哪一种语言最难学。
33. 【解析】选C。细节理解题。根据第二段中“A native speaker of Spanish, . . . similar to Spanish. ”可知一个当地的葡萄牙人会发现西班牙语最容易学, 因为它们也使用罗马字母。
34. 【解析】选A。词义猜测题。根据第三段中“Teachers and circumstances in which the language. . . motivation for learning. ”可知老师和学习环境, 还有每个学习者的学习动机, 在语言学习中也起着重要作用。故下划线的词意为“一个特别的境况和环境”。
35. 【解析】选B。推理判断题。根据第四段中“the language that they have found to be. . . , the most difficulty. ”可知不是匈牙利语的书写体系而是它的语法复杂性给本地英语学习者带来麻烦。
第二节 (共5小题; 每小题2. 5分, 满分12. 5分)
答案: 36～40. DFBGE
第三部分 语言运用 (共两节, 满分30分)
第一节(共15小题; 每小题1分, 满分15分)
【文章大意】该篇文章属于说明文, 主要讲述了学语言的原因; 学好语言的方式: 班级授课及经常练习; 个人学习语言的态度, 即从不放弃, 专心致志。
41. 【解析】选C。根据your job or your studies可知, 需要学习语言是出于“实际, 实用”。technical“技术的”, political“政治的”, physical“身体的”。
42. 【解析】选D。由第一句If you want to learn a new language. . . 可知应是对另外一个不同国度的东西感兴趣才会学外语。故选D。
43.【解析】选B。have a knowledge of“掌握某一方面的知识”。句意: 掌握该语言对你的帮助有多大。
44. 【解析】选C。考查冠词。ideal首字母发音为元音, 故选C。
45. 【解析】选C。under the guidance of“在……指导下”。
46.【解析】选B。learning a language takes time学习语言需要时间, 从下文take years可推知。
47. 【解析】选C。句意: 如果你能定期学习, 你将会取得更大的成功, 所以你应努力形成一种常规。由regularly可推知。
48. 【解析】选B。句意: 语言说得流利需要好几年的时间, 但勉强将就则会需要少得多的时间。根据but可知。
49. 【解析】选A。根据下文可知, 该空应填入与“年龄”有关的词。
50.【解析】选B。句意: 孩子学习语言的确要比成年人快。closely“密切地”, quickly“快速地”, privately“私人地”, quietly“静静地”。
51.【解析】选A。句意: 但是研究表明, 你在任何年龄(age)都可以学习语言。
52. 【解析】选D。 句意: 我也听说过人们担心他们在学习(learning)中犯错。
53. 【解析】选B。 句意: 放松并嘲笑自己的错误, 你将会少犯这些错误。前后是顺承关系, 故用B。
54. 【解析】选D。 句意: 学习一种新语言从不是轻松的。根据下文but可推知。
55. 【解析】选B。句意: 在你能用别人的语言说出几个单词时, 你将会对别人积极的回应感到惊讶。blame“责备”, amaze“使惊讶”, interrupt“打断”, inform“告知”。
第二节(共10小题; 每小题1. 5分, 满分15分)
答案: 56. where 57. or 58. dates 59. to
60. were painted 61. vividly 62. variety 63. covering 64. a 65. colorful
第四部分 写作 (共两节, 满分40分)
第一节 (满分15分)
【参考范文】
Hi, Sharon,
This is Li Hua. I learned from your post that you want to improve your Mandarin. I’m willing to offer my help. As a native speaker, I can speak Chinese fluently. Besides, I have some teaching experience to do this job.
Learning Mandarin takes time and energy, so you’d better practice speaking often. Meanwhile, I suggest you listen to some Chinese news programs, which will help you improve your accent and intonation.
I’m wondering whether you could help me improve my spoken English in return. I’d appreciate it if you could give me some advice.
Looking forward to hearing from you.
Sincerely yours,
Li Hua
第二节 (满分25分)
【参考范文】
I got up and walked calmly over to him. Looking into his eyes, I asked the burly man if he could read, trying to be polite. Feeling a little surprised, he made a bad face and reluctantly replied: “Of course I can.” “That’s great. Please turn around and read what was written on the back of your seat.” He did so and saw “Ladies” written on the seat. He looked at me for a while with embarrassment and guilt and then he got the point, leaving the compartment in a big hurry, almost falling.
The lady with the baby thanked me again and again. She sat down with a grateful smile on her tired look. Surprisingly, her screaming baby stopped crying and began to smile in her arms. Looking at the two happy souls, I felt a deep sense of pride and satisfaction surging from the bottom of my heart. And my brave behavior was greeted with general cheers and clapping all around. I felt so happy that I had made the choice.
