2023届高考英语复习状语从句 课件(23张ppt)

(共23张PPT)
状语从句1
（副词）
1. He speaks English well.
状语
2. He is very smart.
状语
3. He goes to school by bike.
状语
（介词短语）
（副词）
什么是状语？
4. To help my disabled aunt, I spend an hour working in her house every day.
5. Seen from a distance, the farmhouse looked deserted.
6. Just because I don’t complain, people think I’m satisfied.
状语
状语
状语
（不定式）
（分词）
（句子）
语法填空解题“3知能”
1．牢记连词词义并能熟练运用是解答题目的先决条件；
2．牢记固定句式结构，确定从属连词；
3．根据主从句的逻辑关系确定状语从句的连接词。
时间状语从句
说明主句所描述的事件发生、存在的时间。
（一）. 时间状语从句：引导词
when, while, as;
before, since, till, until, not…until;
as soon as, the moment, the minute, the instant,
immediately, directly, instantly,
once;
whenever, after, every/ each time, next time, by the time,
the first/last time, any time, the day/year
1. when, while, as;
连词 含义 用法
when 当……时候 可与延续性动词或非延续性动词连用；从句动作可以发生在主句动作之前、之后或与主句动作同时发生
while 当（正在做）……时候 只可与延续性动词连用；侧重于主句动作与从句动作相对比
as 一边……一边……；随着 常与延续性动词连用；从句动作与主句动作同时或几乎同时发生
while + 进行时
when + 进行时/一般过去式
He has played computer games for two days.
play: 玩，延续性动词
He close the door angrily.
close: 关，短暂性动词
Researchers in Britain found that when French music was played, sales of French wines went up.英国的研究者发现，播放法国音乐时，法国葡萄酒的销量会增加。
While watching TV, children do not merely absorb words and images.
孩子们在看电视的时候，接收的不只是文字和图像信息。
As he grew older, he became less active.
随着他逐渐长大，他变得不那么活泼了。
[特别注意]：　如果主句表示的是非延续性动作，而从句用延续性动词的进行时态表示在一段时间内正在进行的动作，则when, while与as可互换使用。
When/As/While I was walking down the street, I came across an old friend.
我正沿着大街走时，碰巧遇到了我的一个老朋友。
2．表示“一……就……”含义的词或短语
(1)有的名词(短语)或副词可引导时间状语从句，如：the moment, the minute, the second, the instant, immediately, directly, instantly等，另外as soon as也可引导时间状语从句，从句中用一般时态代替将来时态。
For example, the moment you get on the airplane, start adjusting your biological clock to the destination's time.例如，你一上飞机，就开始按照目的地的时间调整你的生物钟。
The boy ran off the minute he saw the owner of the orchard.那个男孩一见到果园的主人就跑开了。
(2)在hardly ...when /和no sooner ... than ...结构中，主句用过去完成时，than, before或when所在的从句用一般过去时。
I had hardly told him the news when he stopped listening.
我一告诉他那则消息他就不听了。
He had no sooner finished his speech than the students started cheering.他一完成演讲，学生就开始欢呼起来。
[特别注意]: 在hardly ...when, no sooner ... than ...结构中，当hardly, no sooner位于句首时，主句要用部分倒装。
They had hardly reached Edinburgh when they were ordered to return to London.
＝Hardly had they reached Edinburgh when they were ordered to return to London.
他们刚抵达爱丁堡就接到了回伦敦的命令。
3．till, until和not ... until/till的用法
until, till两者均表示“直到……为止”，引导时间状语从句。until可用于句首，而till不可放在句首，till一般不用于强调句型。
肯定句中，其主句谓语动词必须为延续性动词，表示某动作一直延续到某时间为止。
The father waited until his daughter had finished her homework.那位父亲一直等到他的女儿做完家庭作业。
not ... until ..., not ... till ...两者均表示“直到……才……”，
not所在的主句的谓语动词必须为非延续性动词，表示某动作直到某时间才开始。
The baby didn't go to bed until/till his mother returned.
这个婴儿直到他的妈妈回来才睡觉。
4．after, before引导的时间状语从句
after表示“在……之后”，before表示“在……之前；还没来得及……就……”。
He changed his name after he left his hometown.
离开家乡后他把名字改了。
Before modern medicine changed the laws of nature, many children died of common childhood diseases.在现代医学改变自然规律之前，许多孩子死于一些常见的儿童疾病。
(1)“It will be ＋时间段＋before从句”表示“在……之前还要多久/过了多久才……”。
It will be half a year before I graduate.
半年后我才毕业。
(2)“It won't be ＋时间段＋before从句”
表示“过不了多久就……/没过多久就……”。
It wasn't long before we started.
没过多久我们就动身了。
5．since引导的时间状语从句
since意为“自从……以来”，从句的谓语动词一般是非延续性动词，主句的谓语动词一般是延续性动词。since从句的时态若是一般过去时，主句常用现在完成时或现在完成进行时。
I have learnt English since I was a baby.
“It is/has been＋时间段＋since从句(常用一般过去时)”
They have been friends since they met for the first time in London.自从在伦敦第一次见面以来，他们一直是朋友。
It is three years since the war ended.
It is three years since he lived here.
6．其他常见名词短语引导的时间状语从句
every time 　　 每次　　　　　　each time　　 每次
any time 　　 任何时候 next time 　　下次
all the time　　(在某段时间内)一直
the first/last time 第一次/最后一次
the day/year ... 那天/年……
Every time I meet her I always forget her name.
每次我见到她时，我总记不起她的名字。
The first time I met her, I thought her nice and honest.
我第一次遇见她时，就觉得她友好又诚实。