外研版（2019）选择性必修第一册Unit 6 Nurturing nature 单元话题完形填空专项练习（PDF版含答案）
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| 名称 | 外研版（2019）选择性必修第一册Unit 6 Nurturing nature 单元话题完形填空专项练习（PDF版含答案） |  | |
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Unit 6 单元话题完形填空专项练习
（2022·湖南怀化·高二开学考试）When Mercy, the little penguin, arrived at the Bonorong Wildlife Hospital,
he was in really bad condition. “The penguin was ___1___, not doing so well and needed fattening up,” said Petra
Harris, the hospital manager. Little penguins were the smallest species of penguins on Earth but sadly in
___2___numbers.
___3___, with the help of a team of wildlife keepers, Mercy regained full health and was ___4___ back into
the wild. Mercy’s story has now been made into a video and was ___5___ on social media platforms on World
Penguin Day on April 25. In the ___6___, Ms Harris said a man ___7___ Mercy looked unwell and contacted
them thought their rescue line. Rescuers went to ___8___ Mercy and brought him back. The vet (兽医) team did a
full ___9___ on him. “We X-rayed him to check for any injuries that weren’t ___10___ . To their ___11___, it
turned out that Mercy was just a little underweight.
Mercy was ___12___ to fatten up at the hospital until he could swim. Then he was released at dawn so that
he could spend the day fishing before returning to his burrow (洞穴). “It’s a comfort for us to see animals go back
where they ___13___,” Ms Harris said. “Mercy was the lucky one that gets to have a second ___14___ at life, and
it’s certainly very ___15___ for us to make it.”
1．A．excited B．unfriendly C．underweight D．depressed
2．A．average B．stable C．climbing D．declining
3．A．Fortunately B．Strangely C．Consequently D．Naturally
4．A．set free B．let alone C．watched over D．brought up
5．A．filmed B．posted C．changed D．refused
6．A．hospital B．book C．video D．record
7．A．treated B．hunted C．searched D．spotted
8．A．collect B．select C．raise D．cure
9．A．survey B．favor C．examination D．description
10．A．serious B．obvious C．violent D．slight
11．A．regret B．shock C．puzzle D．relief
12．A．supported B．fed C．operated D．caught
13．A．belong B．recover C．meet D．escape
14．A．thought B．success C．chance D．try
15．A．demanding B．appealing C．frightening D．rewarding
（2021·湖南株洲·高二期末）My daughter has been crazy about raising a pet for a long time.
Last spring I bought two small chickens for her. She got excited and ____16____ good care of them.
____17____, a few days later, both chickens died. She burst into tears because of their ____18____. I helped her
bury the two chickens under a tree behind our house. I thought it would be the end of her idea.
However, I was ____19____. Children are children after all. The ____20____ hasn’t upset my daughter in
____21____ way. She still tried to keep a small animal or even a snail.
One day last winter, I noticed a ____22____ of sparrows (麻雀) under the eaves (屋檐) of the house. So I told
my daughter to put some rice on the windowsill (窗台). A few minutes ____23____, the sparrows came to land on
the windowsill one after another and pecked (啄) at the ____24____. Suddenly my daughter asked me, “Mum, can
we catch and cage (圈养) the sparrows, and let them live with us in the room How cold it is for them to live
____25____.”
“Oh, my dear, I do not think it is a good idea. You know,” I ____26____ to her. “____27____ is important
for sparrows. No one can keep them in a cage. If they are ____28____, they will die quickly. They are used to
living in the open air. Moreover, they have warm nests under the eaves.”
From then on, we have ____29____ a kind of relationship with the sparrow family. We feed them and treat
them as pet birds. ____30____, we do not need to possess them. We enjoy seeing these little birds flying and
jumping among branches, leaves and flowers in the spring morning.
16．A．looked B．took C．acquired D．reminded
17．A．Slightly B．Definitely C．Extremely D．Unluckily
18．A．desire B．escape C．focus D．death
19．A．certain B．sure C．wrong D．right
20．A．argument B．happiness C．success D．failure
21．A．some B．any C．no D．every
22．A．family B．couple C．pair D．pile
23．A．before B．after C．more D．later
24．A．bread B．rice C．fruit D．vegetable
25．A．downwards B．upwards C．inside D．outside
26．A．explained B．adapted C．attached D．preferred
27．A．Spring B．Freedom C．Trees D．Nests
28．A．concerned B．shot C．caught D．viewed
29．A．made up B．pulled up C．set up D．cheered up
30．A．But B．However C．Then D．Otherwise
（2022·江西省乐平中学高二开学考试）As a whale researcher, Nan Hauser has been awarded the
international title of “Earth Ambassador”. While many local people had heard of this ___31___ , it was an
encounter(邂逅)that would make her known worldwide.
One day in 2017, Nan was shooting some videos with the whales, when the most remarkable thing
___32___ . As she swam alongside them, they began to display ___33___ signs that danger was near. Suddenly,
she saw a whale swim towards her at full speed. Just as ___34___ hit, one of the whales used its fin to push Nan
onto its back and out of range of…not a whale but a tiger shark.
After the shark disappeared, the whale ___35___ accompanied Nan back to her boat. She climbed aboard and
yelled her appreciation to the ___36___ . After a few minutes, the whale disappeared, and Nan said goodbye,
feeling ___37___ for this lifetime encounter.
Almost a year later, Nan received a call from a fisherman saying that he ___38___ whales in the harbor.
Could her whale friend have ___39___ She jumped onto a boat quickly. Nan instantly ___40___ her fiend, and
dived into the water to swim with him.
After Nan’s encounter, she ___41___ with how best she could thank the whale. After all, its ___42___ to hug
something much larger than you. So what’s the most ___43___ way to thank a whale It’s by caring, learning
more about them, and ___44___ their habitat. As for us, we can help in small ways. For example, ___45___
single-use plastics will make a difference.
31．A．chemist B．physicist C．geologist D．biologist
32．A．happened B．approached C．bust D．escaped
33．A．rescuing B．warning C．waiting D．recommending
34．A．excitement B．panic C．surprise D．disappointment
35．A．really B．clearly C．safely D．rudely
36．A．woman B．boat C．shark D．whale
37．A．proud B．grateful C．hopeful D．pitiful
38．A．spotted B．pleased C．targeted D．tracked
39．A．welcomed B．suffered C．returned D．refreshed
40．A．waved B．greeted C．realized D．recognized
41．A．combined B．struggled C．argued D．connected
42．A．pretty B．funny C．tricky D．vital
43．A．influential B．particular C．logical D．incredible
44．A．creating B．protecting C．surrounding D．establishing
45．A．donating B．exchanging C．throwing D．abandoning
（2022·全国·高二期末）A dog in Virginia jumped into action one Thursday morning to warn a family of
danger. Charity Golloway and her two children were able to make it out of their house without ____46____ and
call the Valley Volunteer Fire Department thanks to Butter, a homeless dog that had ____47____ a few months
before.
Golloway made an outdoor ____48____ equipped with an electric lamp for the dog, ____49____ the dog
was probably homeless. The lamp Golloway was using to keep Butter warm obviously ____50____ , and the
doghouse was less than five feet away from their home. In response, Butter ran to the outside of Golloway’s
bedroom window and started barking ____51____ .
“He knew something was not right and that someone needed to know it. He’s a(n) ____52____ dog,”
Golloway told WJHL.
The barks woke up Golloway, who arose in time to hear the ____53____ of the fire breaking a window in her
home.“The fire just got ____54____ really fast,” Golloway said. “It’s actually hard to believe how fast it
______55______”
Golloway and her kids ran out of the house and were able to ______56______ the fire before it grew larger.
Thanks to Butter’s quick ______57______ , no one was hurt.
When firefighters arrived, Butter was there to ______58______ them. “It was a really nice dog,” said
firefighter Justin Stidham. “It came up and played with all of us. I was sitting there petting it. It was just as nice as
it could be.”
A ______59______ of Stidham with Butter went viral (走红) on Facebook. That’s when Golloway learned
Butter was not actually Butter. The dog’s original owners recognized Butter as Cooper, who had run away from
home over the summer. Golloway said she plans to give Cooper, the dog she knows as Butter, a steak before he
______60______ for his good deed.
46．A．fear B．cost C．injury D．doubt
47．A．returned B．appeared C．improved D．passed
48．A．pool B．stage C．trap D．shelter
49．A．considering B．admitting C．warning D．proving
50．A．went out B．caught fire C．turned up D．broke down
51．A．loudly B．patiently C．regularly D．happily
52．A．crazy B．smart C．interesting D．honest
53．A．smell B．heat C．cause D．sight
54．A．typical B．harmless C．big D．normal
55．A．weakened B．separated C．cleared D．happened
56．A．stop B．cancel C．reduce D．discover
57．A．success B．progress C．recovery D．reaction
58．A．comfort B．greet C．control D．observe
59．A．gesture B．plan C．conversation D．photo
60．A．complains B．escapes C．leaves D．responds
（2021·湖南·长沙一中高二期中）Melbourne Girls’ College is getting rid of all dustbins and asking students
to take their rubbish home to encourage them to move towards zero waste.
Starting next Monday, the college will gradually ______61______ all the rubbish bins in five weeks in
classrooms and the yard, ______62______ 1,400 students and 140 staff to find their own home for chip packets
and juice boxes. Volunteer students will ______63______ daily non-compulsory food inspections in which
children bringing “zero waste” lunch boxes will be ______64______. Students using only ______65______
packaging will receive a token (礼券) to win prizes.
The rubbish that students take home may still go to landfill ( 废 物 填 埋 场 ) via their home bins,
______66______ the new policy will help persuade ______67______ to buy fewer packaged items and reuse
containers. Most issues around carrying rubbish home, such as smell and mess, can be solved. ______68______
tuna (金枪鱼) in a tin, for example, can ______69______ the school’s compost (堆肥) bin and the tin can be
______70______ before it’s taken home.
The college principal Karen Money acknowledges that some parents may not have the time or means to
avoid ______71______ in single-use packaging, “But we are ______72______ to get as many people as we can to
avoid it. We talk a lot, ______73______ educators, about the bad problems the world ______74______, and if we
don’t start putting some actions ______75______ that beautiful idea, then it’s just empty.”
61．A．replace B．wash C．clean D．remove
62．A．proving B．leaving C．promising D．allowing
63．A．receive B．forbid C．admit D．conduct
64．A．rewarded B．advised C．changed D．protected
65．A．creative B．usual C．reusable D．plastic
66．A．so B．but C．and D．though
67．A．teachers B．staff C．families D．friends
68．A．Uneaten B．Uncooked C．Uncovered D．Unbroken
69．A．break down B．break through C．get through D．go into
70．A．returned B．washed C．given D．spared
71．A．foods B．clothes C．drinks D．tools
72．A．keeping B．dreaming C．stopping D．trying
73．A．for B．to C．as D．with
74．A．solves B．tells C．faces D．follows
75．A．before B．behind C．upon D．below
（2022·广西·桂林市临桂区五通中学高二期中）Since the beginning of the twentieth century, the number of
wild tigers has been on an alarming decline. ____76____, it appears that the situation has finally changed. The
____77____ of specialised conservation programmes has ____78____ the first growth of wild population number
for over a century and, while still not strong enough, the big cat's future seems a little more positive.
For those whose wildlife dream is ____79____ this wonderful big cat in its ____80____ habitat, a
well-organised tiger trip to one or more of the parks and ____81____ of the Indian subcontinent ____82____ the
chance to do just that. Anyone fortunate ____83____ to go on a tiger trip should become familiar with not only
the physical characteristics of the big cat, ____84____ also the major threats to its survival.
The tigers' habitat often covers some parts of the human ____85____. With the destruction of forest habitats
leading to a(n) ____86____ in smaller prey species (猎物), the tigers are often forced to leave the protection of its
own range and take the risk of going into human areas to ____87____ cows or sheep. Because local people
____88____ these farm animals, this causes ____89____, resulting in the killing or capturing of the animal to
____90____ on the black market.
While there are numerous high-profile conservation campaigns in action around the world, everyone should
play a part. For those planning to explore the Indian subcontinent on a tiger trip to see this mysterious big cat in its
natural habitat, helping to raise the profile of its endangered position is one way to help ensure its survival.
76．A．Though B．Therefore C．However D．Instead
77．A．establishment B．majority C．equipment D．permission
78．A．resulted of B．resulted in C．resulted from D．resulted by
79．A．encountered B．encounter C．to encounter D．encountering
80．A．ideal B．previous C．formal D．natural
81．A．landscapes B．reserves C．routes D．constructions
82．A．offers B．recommends C．exists D．identifies
83．A．more B．much C．enough D．well
84．A．and B．but C．or D．as
85．A．environments B．transports C．landscapes D．communities
86．A．reduction B．competition C．infection D．tension
87．A．bite B．damage C．monitor D．hunt
88．A．base on B．complain about C．depend on D．come across
89．A．confusions B．concerns C．connections D．conflicts
90．A．sell B．change C．gather D．adapt
参考答案：
1．C 2．D 3．A 4．A 5．B 6．C 7．D 8．A 9．C 10．B 11．D 12．B 13．A 14．C
15．D
【导语】本文是记叙文。一家医院的工作人员救助了一只小企鹅，并在它康复之后将其放归野外。
【详解】1. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这只企鹅体重不足，状态不太好，需要育肥。A. excited 兴奋的；
B. unfriendly 不友好的；C. underweight 重量不足的；D. depressed 沮丧的。根据“needed fattening up”可知，
企鹅重量不足。故选 C。
2. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：小企鹅是地球上最小的企鹅物种，但令人遗憾的是它们的数量正在减少。
A. average 平均的；B. stable 稳定的；C. climbing 攀爬的；D. declining 下降的。根据“but sadly”可知，数量
下降令人遗憾。故选 D。
3. 考查副词词义辨析。句意：幸运的是，在野生饲养员们的帮助下，Mercy 完全恢复了健康，被放归了野
外。A. Fortunately 幸运地；B. Strangely 奇怪地；C. Consequently 结果；D. Naturally 自然地。根据“with the
help of a team of wildlife keepers, Mercy regained full health”可知，Mercy 身体恢复，这是幸运的事。故选 A。
4. 考查动词短语辨析。句意：幸运的是，在野生饲养员们的帮助下，Mercy 完全恢复了健康，被放归了野
外。A. set free 释放；B. let alone 更不用说；C. watched over 监视；D. brought up 抚养。根据“back into the
wild.”可知，Mercy 身体恢复后被释放回到野外。故选 A。
5. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：Mercy 的故事被制作成视频，该视频于 4 月 25 日“世界企鹅日”在社交媒体
平台上发布。A. filmed 拍摄； B. posted 发布；C. changed 改变；D. refused 拒绝。根据“on social media
platforms”可知，视频在社交平台被发布。故选 B。
6. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：在视频中，Ms Harris 说有人发现 Mercy 看起来身体不适并通过他们的救援
热线联系了他们。A. hospital 医院； B. book 书籍；C. video 视频；D. record 记录。根据“Mercy’s story has now
been made into a video and was 5 on social media platforms on World Penguin Day on April 25.”
可知，人们看到了视频。故选 C。
7. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：在视频中，Ms Harris 说有人发现 Mercy 看起来身体不适并通过他们的救援
热线联系了他们。A. treated 对待；B. hunted 捕猎；C. searched 搜索；D. spotted 看见。根据“Mercy’s story has
now been made into a video and was 5 on social media platforms on World Penguin Day on April
25.”可知，人们在视频里看到小企鹅身体不适。故选 D。
8. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：救援人员去接 Mercy，并把它带回了医院。A. collect 收集，领取；B. select
挑选；C. raise 提升；D. cure 治愈。根据“and brought him back.”可知，救援人员去野外把小企鹅领回来。故
选 A。
9. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：兽医团队对它进行了全面检查。A. survey 调查；B. favor 喜欢；C. examination
检查；D. description 描述。根据“We X-rayed him to check for any injuries ”可知，这是给小企鹅身体做检查。
故选 C。
10. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我们给它做了 X 检查，以了解小企鹅身上是否有任何对我们来说不明显
的损伤。A. serious 严重的；B. obvious 明显的；C. violent 猛烈的；D. slight 稍微的。根据“We X-rayed him
to check for any injuries that weren’t”可知，救援人员对不明显的损伤进行检查。故选 B。
11. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：令我们感到欣慰的是，结果表明 Mercy 只是体重稍微偏低。A. regret 后悔；
B. shock 惊讶；C. puzzle 困惑；D. relief 松口气。根据“it turned out that Mercy was just a little underweight.”
可知，小企鹅身体没有大碍，这让人们松了一口气。故选 D。
12.考查动词词义辨析。句意：Mercy 在医院被喂养得很壮实，该状态一直持续到它能游泳。A. supported
支持；B. fed 喂养；C. operated 操作；D. caught 抓住。根据“fatten up at the hospital”可知，小企鹅被喂养的
胖胖的。故选 B。
13. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：看到动物回到它们所属的地方，我们感到很欣慰。A. belong 属于；B. recover
恢复；C. meet 见面；D. escape 逃跑。根据“Then he was released at dawn so that he could spend the day fishing
before returning to his burrow (洞穴).”可知，动物属于野外的生活。故选 A。
14. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：Mercy 很幸运地获得了第二次生命的机会。A.thought 思想；B.success 成功；
C.chance 机会；D.try 尝试。根据“ 3 , with the help of a team of wildlife keepers, Mercy regained full
health and was 4 back into the wild. ”可知，这是第二次救助这只企鹅，所以是获得第二次生命
机会。故选 C。
15. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：对我们来说，能成功救助小企鹅是非常值得的。A.demanding 要求高的；
B.appealing 吸引人的；C.frightening 令人害怕的；D. rewarding 有回报的，值得的。根据“for us to make it.”
可知，成功救治小企鹅对于救援人员来说也是值得的。故选 D。
16．B 17．D 18．D 19．C 20．D 21．B 22．A 23．D 24．B 25．D 26．A 27．B 28．
C 29．C 30．B
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。作者在文中记叙了女儿饲养小动物，对饲养动物积极的态度，以及他们喂食
屋檐下的麻雀，与麻雀一家建立关系的事情。
16．考查动词词义辨析。句意：她很兴奋，把它们照顾得很好。A. looked 看； B. took 拿，照顾； C. acquired
获得；D. reminded 使……想起。根据上文可知，作者给女儿买了两只鸡，应当是“照顾”它们，动词短语 take
good care of(好好照顾)，故选 B。
17．考查副词词义辨析。句意：不幸的是，几天后，两只鸡都死了。A. Slightly 轻轻地；B. Definitely 完全；
C. Extremely 特别，尤其；D. Unluckily 不幸的是。根据“both chickens died”可知，两只鸡都死了，这是“不
幸”，故选 D。
18．考查名词词义辨析。句意：因为它们的死，她哭了起来。A. desire 欲望；B. escape 逃离；C. focus 关
注；D. death 死亡。根据“both chickens died”可知，作者的女儿为鸡的“死”哭泣。故选 D。
19．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：然而，我错了。A. certain 确定的；B. sure 肯定的；C. wrong 错的；D. right
对的。根据 however 以及下文“She still tried to keep a small animal or even a snail.”可知，作者女儿还是想养
小动物，可知，作者认为女儿养小动物的想法到此为止是错的。故选 C。
20．考查名词词义辨析。句意：这次失败丝毫没有让我的女儿难过。A. argument 争辩；B. happiness 幸福，
开心；C. success 成功；D. failure 失败。根据上文可知，作者女儿养的两只鸡死了，这是一次“失败”，故选
D。
21．考查代词词义辨析。句意：这次失败丝毫没有让我女儿难过。A. some 一些；B. any 任何；C. no 没有；
D. every 全都。根据下文“She still tried to keep a small animal or even a snail.”可知，作者女儿并没有因为这
次失败而感到难过，还想养小动物。短语 in any way(在任何方面)，与否定搭配时表示“丝毫没有”，故选
B。
22．考查名词词义辨析。句意：去年冬天的一天，我注意到屋檐下有一窝麻雀。A. family 家庭； B. couple
一对； C. pair 一双，一对；D. pile 一堆。根据下文“From then on, we have 14 a kind of relationship
with the sparrow family.”可知是一窝麻雀，a family of 表示“一窝”，故选 A。
23．考查介词和副词词义辨析。句意：几分钟后，麻雀们纷纷降落在窗台上，啄食着米饭。A. before 之前；
B. after 之后；C. more 更多；D. later 以后，稍后。根据语境可知，作者叫女儿在窗台上放米饭，几分钟后
麻雀来啄食米饭，A few minutes later 表示“几分钟后”。故选 D。
24．考查名词词义辨析。句意：几分钟后，麻雀们纷纷降落在窗台上，啄食着米饭。A. bread 面包；B. rice
米饭；C. fruit 水果；D. vegetable 蔬菜。根据上文“So I told my daughter to put some rice on the windowsill (窗
台).”可知，作者叫女儿在窗台上放米饭，所以麻雀啄食米饭。 故选 B。
25．考查副词词义辨析。句意：它们住在外面有多冷？A. downwards 向下；B. upwards 向上；C. inside 里
面； D. outside 外面。根据上文“Mum, can we catch and cage (圈养) the sparrows, and let them live with us in the
room ”可知，作者女儿想讲麻雀抓起圈养在室内，由此可知她发问“麻雀住在外面有多冷？”。故选 D。
26．考查动词词义辨析。句意：“哦，亲爱的，我不认为这是个好主意。你知道，自由对麻雀来说很重要”
我向她解释道。A. explained 解释；B. adapted 适应；C. attached 附上；D. preferred 偏爱。
根据语境和下文““ 12 is important for sparrows. No onecan keep them in a cage. If they are 13 ,
they will die quickly. They are used to living in the open air. Moreover, they have warm nests under the eaves.”可
知，作者在向女儿“解释”，故选 A。
27．考查名词词义辨析。句意同上。A. Spring 春天；B. Freedom 自由；C. Trees 树木；D. Nests 鸟巢。 根
据下文“They are used to living in the open air. ”可知，“自由”对于麻雀来说很重要，故选 B。
28．考查动词词义辨析。句意：如果他们被抓住，他们会很快死去。A. concerned 关注；B. shot 射击；C. caught
抓住；D. viewed 看。 根据上文提到“自由对于麻雀来说很重要”以及下文“They are used to living in the open
air. ”可知，麻雀被抓住，很快就会死。故选 C。
29．考查动词短语辨析。句意：从此，我们与麻雀家族建立了一种关系。A. made up 弥补，组成，化妆，
编造；B. pulled up 拔起，停车；C. set up 建立；D. cheered up 欢呼。 根据下文“We feed them and treat them
as pet birds. 15 , we do not need to possess them. We enjoy seeing these little birds flying and
jumping among branches, leaves and flowers in the spring morning.”可知，我们与麻雀“建立了”一种关系，故
选 C。
30．考查副词词义辨析。句意：然而，我们并不需要拥有它们。A. But 仅仅，但是； B. However 然而；
C. Then 之后；D. Otherwise 否则。根据上一句“We feed them and treat them as pet birds.(我们喂它们，把它
们当作宠物鸟)”可知，前后文之间构成转折对比关系，应用表示转折的副词 however 连接上下文，故选 B。
31．D 32．A 33．B 34．B 35．C 36．D 37．B 38．A 39．C 40．D 41．B 42．C 43．
A 44．B 45．D
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了海洋生物学家 Nan Hauser 与一头鲸鱼之间的故事。过去 30 年，
她见过无数头鲸鱼，但有一头鲸鱼在她心里始终有个特殊的位置。
31．考查名词词义辨析。句意：虽然许多当地人都听说过这位生物学家，但这是一次让她闻名世界的邂逅。
A. chemist 化学家；A. physicist 物理学家； C. geologist 地质学家；D. biologist 生物学家。故填 D。根据上
文的“As a whale researcher”和下文的内容可知，Nan Hauser 是一位海洋生物学家，与一头鲸鱼的偶遇让她
闻名于世。故选 D。
32．考查动词词义辨析。句意：2017 年的一天，Nan 正在拍摄一些与鲸鱼的视频，这时发生了不同寻常的
事。A.happened 发生；B. approached 接近；C. bust 打破；D. escaped 逃脱。根据下文“Just as ___4___ hit, one
of the whales used its fin to push Nan onto its back and out of range of…not a whale but a tiger shark.”可知，她在
海上拍摄鲸鱼的视频时，发生了不同寻常的事情。故填 A。
33．考查动词词义辨析。句意：当她在他们旁边游泳时，他们开始显示危险即将来临的警告信号。A. rescuing
拯救；A. warning 警告；C. waiting 等待；D. recommending 推荐。根据下文的“that danger was near”和
“Suddenly, she saw a whale swim towards her at full speed”可知，鲸鱼发出了危险迫近的警告信号。故选 B。
34．考查名词词义辨析。句意：就在恐慌袭来的时候，其中一条鲸鱼用它的鳍把 Nan 推到了它的背上，离
开危险的范围……不是鲸鱼，而是虎鲨。A. excitement 兴奋；B. panic 恐慌；C. surprise 惊喜；D. disappointment
失望。根据下文的“hit”和“one of the whales used its fin to push Nan onto its back”可知，Nan Hauser 心里感到
非常恐慌。故选 B。
35．考查副词词义辨析。句意：鲨鱼消失后，鲸鱼安全地陪 Nan 回到她的船上。A.really 真地；B.clearly
显然是；C. safely 安全地；D. rudely 粗鲁地。根据下文的“accompanied Nan back to her boat”可知，这头鲸
鱼把她安全地护送回她的船上。故选 C。
36．考查名词词义辨析。句意：她爬上了船，大声向鲸鱼表示感谢。A. woman 女人；B. boat 船；C. shark
鲨鱼；D. whale 鲸鱼。根据上文的 “yelled her appreciation”和下文的 “feeling ___7___ for this lifetime
encounter”可知，鲨鱼消失之后，她对这头鲸鱼大声喊着感激的话。故选 D。
37．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：几分钟后，鲸鱼消失了，Nan 说再见，对这一生的相遇感到感激。A. proud
自豪的；B. grateful 感谢的；C. hopeful 充满希望的；D. pitiful 令人同情的。根据第一段的“it was an encounter
(邂逅) that would make her known worldwide”和上文“yelled her appreciation to the ___6___”可知，她对这次偶
遇心存感恩，她也非常感激这头鲸鱼。故选 B。
38．考查动词词义辨析。句意：大约一年后，Nan 接到一位渔民的电话，说他在港口发现了鲸鱼。A. spotted
发现；A. pleased 很高兴；C. targeted 目标；D. tracked 跟踪。根据下文的“whales in the harbor”可知，当地
渔民打电话说他看见海湾有鲸鱼出没，spotted 意为“认出，发觉”。故选 A。
39．考查动词词义辨析。句意：她的鲸鱼朋友会回来吗？A. welcomed 欢迎；B. suffered 遭受；C. returned
返回；D. refreshed 刷新。根据上文的内容可知，Nan Hauser 在想：是不是救过她的那头鲸鱼回来了。故选
C。
40．考查动词词义辨析。句意：她很快跳上船。Nan 立刻认出了她的朋友，跳入水中与他一起游泳。A. waved
挥手向；B. greeted 挥手； C. realized 实现；D. recognized 辨认出。根据上文的“She jumped onto a boat
quickly.”和“instantly”可知，Nan Hauser 瞬间认出了救她的那头鲸鱼。故选 D。
41．考查动词词义辨析。句意：在 Nan 的相遇之后，她努力想着如何才能最好地感谢鲸鱼。A. combined
与……相结合；B.struggle 挣扎；C. argued 争辩；D. connected 联系。根据下文的内容可知，与那头鲸鱼相
遇之后，Nan Hauser 心里在想要如何感谢它。struggle with 意为“努力想”。故选 B。
42．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：毕竟，拥抱比你大得多的东西是很棘手的。A. pretty 漂亮的；B.
funny 有趣的；C. tricky 棘手的；D. vital 至关重要的。根据下文的“to hug something much larger than you”
可知，要想拥抱这头鲸鱼可得费一番功夫，毕竟鲸鱼比人的体格大得多。tricky 意为“困难的，棘手的”。
故选 C。
43．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：那么，最有影响力的感谢鲸鱼的方式是什么呢？A. influential 有影响力
的；B. particular 特别的； C. logical 逻辑上的；D. incredible 难以置信的。根据下文的“It’s by caring，learning
more about them, and___14__ their habitat.”可知，Nan Hauser 认为感谢鲸鱼最有影响力的办法是多了解、呵
护它们并保护好它们的栖息地。故选 A。
44．考查动词词义辨析。句意：就是通过关心、了解它们，保护它们的栖息地。A. creating 创建；B. protecting
保护； C. surrounding 围绕；D. establishing 建立。根据下文的“It’s by caring，learning more about them,
and__14__their habitat.”可知，Nan Hauser 认为感谢鲸鱼最有影响力的办法是多了解、呵护它们并保护好它
们的栖息地。故选 B。
45．考查动词词义辨析。句意：例如，放弃一次性塑料将带来不同。A. donating 捐赠；A. exchanging 交换；
C. throwing 投掷；D. abandoning 抛弃。根据下文的“single-use plastics will make a difference”可知，不使用
一次性塑料将会有助于保护鲸鱼。故选 D。
46．C 47．B 48．D 49．A 50．B 51．A 52．B 53．B 54．C 55．D 56．A 57．D 58．
B 59．D 60．C
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述 Charity Golloway 和她的两个孩子被她捡到的一只狗 Butter 所救，
安全的逃离了他们的房子，免于火灾中受伤的故事。
46．考查名词词义辨析。句意：Charity Golloway 和她的两个孩子能够安全地走出他们的房子，并打电话
给山谷志愿消防部门，这要感谢几个月前出现的一只无家可归的狗 Butter。A. fear 害怕；B. cost 代价；C.
injury 受伤；D. doubt 怀疑。根据上文“A dog in Virginia jumped into action one Thursday morning to warn a
family of danger.”可知这一家人是免于受伤，安全地走出他们的房子，故选 C。
47．考查动词词义辨析。句意同上。A. returned 返回；B. appeared 出现；C. improved 提高；D. passed 通过。
根据上文“a homeless dog”可知是一只无家可归的狗在几个月前出现了，故选 B。
48．考查名词词义辨析。句意：考虑到这只狗可能无家可归，Golloway 为它做了一个配有电灯的户外庇护
所。A. pool 水池；B. stage 阶段；C. trap 陷阱；D. shelter 庇护所。根据下文“the dog was probably homeless”
可知，是做了一个庇护所，安置这个无家可归的狗。故选 D。
49．考查动词词义辨析。句意同上。A. considering 考虑；B. admitting 承认；C. warning 警告；D. proving
证明。根据上下文的语境，可知是考虑到狗狗无家可归，所以做了庇护所，故选 A。
50．考查动词短语辨析。句意：Golloway 用来给 Butter 取暖的灯显然着了火，狗屋离他们家不到五英尺。
A. went out 出去；B. caught fire 着火；C. turned up 出现；D. broke down 出故障。根据后文“the fire breaking
a window in her home. ”可知是着火了，故选 B。
51．考查副词词义辨析。句意：作为回应，Butter 跑到 Golloway 卧室的窗户外面，开始大声吠叫。A. loudly
大声地；B. patiently 耐心地；C. regularly 正规地；D. happily 高兴地。根据下文“He knew something was not
right and that someone needed to know it.”可知狗意识到不好的事情发生了，应该是大声地吠叫，故选 A。
52．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：“它知道事情不对劲，需要有人知道。它是一只非常聪明的狗，”Golloway
告诉 WJHL。A. crazy 疯狂的；B. smart 聪明的；C. interesting 有趣的；D. honest 诚实的。根据上文“He knew
something was not right and that someone needed to know it.”可知这只狗发现着火了大声吠叫是为了让人知
道，所以 Golloway 在赞扬这是一只非常聪明的狗，故选 B。
53．考查名词词义辨析。句意：狗叫声吵醒了 Golloway，她及时起床，听到火焰的热量打破了她家里的窗
户。A. smell 味道；B. heat 热量；C. cause 原因；D. sight 景象。根据常识和下文“breaking a window in her
home”可知是火的热量，故选 B。
54．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：Golloway 说：“火势迅速蔓延。”A. typical 典型的；B. harmless 无害的；
C. big 大的，狂热的；D. normal 正常的。根据下文“It’s actually hard to believe how fast it”说明火蔓延的速度
非常快，故选 C。
55．考查动词词义辨析。句意：真的很难相信大火发生得有多快。A. weakened 削弱；B. separated 使分开；
C. cleared 清理，明白；D. happened 发生。这里是形容火势蔓延的快，所以发生更符合题意，故选 D。
56．考查动词词义辨析。句意：Golloway 和她的孩子们跑出了房子，在火势变大之前把火扑灭了。A. stop
阻止；B. cancel 取消；C. reduce 减少；D. discover 发现。根据下文“the fire before it grew larger”及常识可知
是在火势变大之前阻止了大火，故选 A。
57．考查名词词义辨析。句意：由于 Butter 反应迅速，没有人受伤。A. success 成功；B. progress 进度；
C. recovery 恢复；D. reaction 反应。根据上文“In response, Butter ran to the outside of Golloway’s bedroom
window and started barking”可知是 Butter 的反应，故选 D。
58．考查动词词义辨析。句意：当消防员赶到时，Butter 在那里迎接他们。A. comfort 安慰；B. greet 问候，
迎接；C. control 控制；D. observe 观察。根据下文“It came up and played with all of us.”可知是迎接他们，故
选 B。
59．考查动词词义辨析。句意：Stidham 和 Butter 的一张照片在 Facebook 上走红。A. gesture 姿势；B. plan
计划；C. conversation 对话；D. photo 照片。根据常识，在 Facebook 上走红应该是发布的照片，更符合语
境，故选 D。
60．考查动词词义辨析。句意：Golloway 说她计划在 Cooper，被她称为“Butter”，离开之前给它一份牛排，
因为它做了好事。A. complains 抱怨；B. escapes 逃跑；C. leaves 离开；D. responds 回复。根据上文“The
dog’s original owners recognized Butter as Cooper, who had run away from home over the summer.”可知这只狗
的原主人找到了它，所以是在离开之前，故选 C。
61．D 62．B 63．D 64．A 65．C 66．B 67．C 68．A 69．D 70．B 71．A 72．D 73．
C 74．C 75．B
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述墨尔本女子学院清除了所有的垃圾箱，要求学生们把垃圾带回
家，以鼓励他们朝着零浪费的方向发展。
61．考查动词词义辨析。句意：从下周一开始，学院将在五周内逐步清除教室和院子里的所有垃圾箱，使
得 1400 名学生和 140 名工作人员要为薯片包装和果汁盒找到它们自己的家。A. replace 代替；B. wash 洗；
C. clean 打扫，清扫；D. remove 清除；移开。由上文“Melbourne Girls’ College is getting rid of all dustbins and
asking students to take their rubbish home to encourage them to move towards zero waste”可知，此处指学院将逐
步清除垃圾箱。故选 D 项。
62．考查动词词义辨析。句意同上。A. proving 证明；B. leaving 使……处于（某种状态），离开；C. promising
承诺；D. allowing 允许。由上文“Melbourne Girls’ College is getting rid of all dustbins and asking students to take
their rubbish home to encourage them to move towards zero waste”可知，学院将逐步清除垃圾箱，使得学生和
工作人员要找到地方投放薯片包装和果汁盒。故选 B 项。
63．考查动词词义辨析。句意：志愿者学生每日进行非强制性食物检查，携带“零浪费”午餐盒的儿童将获
得奖励。A. receive 收到，接到；B. forbid 禁止；C. admit 承认，准许进入；D. conduct 进行，实施，指挥。
由后面的“inspections”和“Students using only 5 packaging will receive a token (礼券) to win prizes.”
可知，此处指对学生们进行食物检查，看看孩子们携带的午餐盒是否“零浪费”。故选 D 项。
64．考查动词词义辨析。句意：志愿者学生每日进行非强制性食物检查，携带“零浪费”午餐盒的儿童将获
得奖励。A. rewarded 奖励；B. advised 建议；C. changed 改变；D. protected 保护。由后面的“win prizes”可
知，此处指给予携带“零浪费”午餐盒的学生奖励。故选 A 项。
65．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：使用可重复使用包装的学生将获得一个礼券作为奖品。A. creative 创造
性的；B. usual 通常的；C. reusable 可重复使用的；D. plastic 塑料的。由下文“the new policy will help persuade
7 to buy fewer packaged items and reuse containers”可知，新政策提倡可重复使用的容器，因此此处指可
重复使用的包装。故选 C 项。
66．考查连词词义辨析。句意：学生带回家的垃圾仍然可以通过他们家的垃圾箱进入垃圾填埋场，但新政
策将有助于说服家庭减少购买包装物品和重复使用容器。A. so 所以；B. but 但是；C.and 并且；D. though
虽然。对比空处前后两句可知，此处两个分句之间是转折关系，应用连词 but。故选 B 项。
67．考查名词词义辨析。句意：学生带回家的垃圾仍然可以通过他们家的垃圾箱填埋，但新政策将有助于
说服家庭减少购买包装物品和重复使用容器。A. teachers 教师；B. staff 职员；C. families 家人，家庭；D. friends
朋友。由前面的“take home”和“via their home bins”可知，此处指说服家庭。故选 C 项。
68．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：例如，罐头盒里剩下的金枪鱼，可以放进学校的堆肥箱，罐头可以在被
带回家之前清洗干净。A. Uneaten 未吃的，剩下的；B. Uncooked 未煮过的；C. Uncovered 无覆盖的；D.
Unbroken 未破损的，完整的。根据下文“the school’s compost (堆肥) bin ”可知，罐头里的金枪鱼是剩下的，
没吃完的。故选 A 项。
69．考查动词短语辨析。句意：例如，罐头盒里剩下的金枪鱼，可以放进学校的堆肥箱，罐头可以在被带
回家之前清洗干净。A. break down 发生故障，分解；B. break through 突破；C. get through 通过，度过；D.
go into 进入，加入。根据上文“Most issues around carrying rubbish home, such as smell and mess, can be
solved. ”和本句“the school’s compost (堆肥) bin and the tin can be 10 before it’s taken home”可知，此处指
把剩下的金枪鱼放进堆肥箱。故选 D 项。
70．考查动词词义辨析。句意：例如，罐头盒里剩下的金枪鱼，可以放进学校的堆肥箱，罐头可以在被带
回家之前清洗干净。A. returned 返回，报答；B. washed 清洗；C.given 被给；D. spared 节约，吝惜。由本
句“before it’s taken home”及常识可知，罐头里没吃的金枪鱼，放进堆肥箱后，罐头盒要清洗干净。故选 B
项。
71．考查名词词义辨析。句意：大学校长 Karen Money 承认有些家长可能没有时间或方法避免食用一次
性包装的食品。A. foods 食物；B. clothes 衣物；C. drinks 饮料；D. tools 工具。根据上文“Volunteer students
will daily non-compulsory food inspections in which children bringing “zero waste” lunch boxes”后
文“single-use packaging”可知，此处指用一次性包装的食品。故选 A 项。
72．考查动词词义辨析。句意：但我们努力让尽可能多的人来避免它。A. keeping 保持；B. dreaming 梦想；
C. stopping 停止；D. trying 努力；争取。由前面的“may not have the time or means to avoid”可知，此处指尽
管有些父母不能避免使用一次性包装，但是学校会努力让尽可能多的人来避免。故选 D 项。
73．考查介词词义辨析。句意：作为教育工作者，我们经常谈论世界面临的坏问题。如果我们在美丽的想
法之后不开始采取一些行动，那么想法就是无意义的。A. for 为了，给；B. to 朝，对于；C. as 作为，如同，
以……身份；D. with 和……在一起，用，具有，随着。由上文“The college principal”及语境可知，此处指
作为教育工作者。故选 C 项。
74．考查动词词义辨析。句意：作为教育工作者，我们经常谈论世界面临的坏问题。如果我们在美丽的想
法之后不开始采取一些行动，那么想法就是无意义的。A. solves 解决；B. tells 告知；C. faces 面对；D. follows
跟随。由前面讲述的大学里的垃圾处理的方法和空前的“the bad problems the world”可知，此处用 face，意
为“世界面临的坏问题”。故选 C 项。
75．考查介词词义辨析。句意：作为教育工作者，我们经常谈论世界面临的坏问题。如果我们在美丽的想
法之后不开始采取一些行动，那么它就是无意义的。A.before 在……之前；B. behind 在……之后；C. upon
在……之上；D. below 在……下面。由下文“ then it’s just empty.”及语境常识可知，提出某种想法之后要采
取一些行动，否则它就是无意义的。故选 B 项。
76．C 77．A 78．B 79．C 80．D 81．B 82．A 83．C 84．B 85．D 86．A 87．D 88．
C 89．B 90．A
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了建立专门的保护计划使老虎的数量得到增长，但形势依然严峻，
呼吁人们提高保护老虎的意识。
76．考查副词词义辨析。句意：然而，情况似乎终于发生了变化。A. Though 虽然；B. Therefore 所以；C.
However 然而；D. Instead 反而。根据“Since the beginning of the twentieth century, the number of wild tigers has
been on an alarming decline.（自二十世纪初以来，野生老虎的数量一直在以惊人的速度下降。）”和“it appears
that the situation has finally changed. （情况似乎终于发生了变化）”可知，空格前后两句话在逻辑上是转折
关系。故选 C 项。
77．考查名词词义辨析。句意：建立专门的保护计划导致了一个多世纪以来野生种群数量的首次增长，虽
然还不够庞大，但这只大猫的未来似乎更加乐观。A. establishment 建立；B. majority 大多数；C. equipment
设备；D. permission 许可。根据第 1 题的分析可知，野生老虎的数量一直在以惊人的速度下降，因此要建
立专门的保护计划。故选 A 项。
78．考查动词短语辨析。句意：建立专门的保护计划导致了一个多世纪以来野生种群数量的首次增长，虽
然还不够庞大，但这只大猫的未来似乎更加乐观。“ the first growth of wild population number for over a
century（野生种群数量的首次增长）是“The establishment of specialised conservation programmes （建立专
门的保护计划）”所带来的结果，因此使用动词短语 resulted in（导致）作为谓语动词，而 resulted from 表
示“由……导致”不符合语境。故选 B 项。
79．考查动词不定式。句意：对于那些梦想在它的自然栖息地遇到这只美妙的大型猫科野生动物的人来说，
到印度次大陆的一个或多个公园和保护区的组织良好的参观老虎之旅提供了实现梦想的机会。encountered
意为“遇到”， 此处表示一次具体的动作，使用动词不定式。故选 C 项。
80．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：对于那些梦想在它的自然栖息地遇到这只美妙的大型猫科野生动物的人
来说，到印度次大陆的一个或多个公园和保护区的组织良好的参观老虎之旅提供了实现梦想的机会。A.
ideal 理想的；B. previous 先前的；C. formal 正式的；D. natural 自然的。根据“the parks of the Indian subcontinent
（印度次大陆的公园）”可知，这是野生老虎的自然栖息地之一。故选 D 项。
81．考查名词词义辨析。句意：对于那些梦想在它的自然栖息地遇到这只美妙的大型猫科野生动物的人来
说，到印度次大陆的一个或多个公园和保护区的组织良好的参观老虎之旅提供了实现梦想的机会。A.
landscapes 景观；B. reserves 保护区；C. routes 路线；D. constructions 建筑。根据上一题的分析可知，为野
生老虎提供自然栖息地的地点除了公园，还有保护区，二者由 and 连接，为并列关系。故选 B 项。
82．考查动词词义辨析。句意：对于那些梦想在它的自然栖息地遇到这只美妙的大型猫科野生动物的人来
说，到印度次大陆的一个或多个公园和保护区的组织良好的参观老虎之旅提供了实现梦想的机会。A. offers
提供；B. recommends 推荐；C. exists 存在；D. identifies 识别。根据上一题的分析可知，公园和保护区为
老虎提供了自然的栖息地，人们去这些地方可以看到这种大型的猫科动物，即去这些地方提供了参观野生
老虎的机会。故选 A 项。
83．考查副词词义辨析。句意：任何足够有幸参与观看老虎旅行的人不仅要熟悉大型猫科动物的身体特征，
还要熟悉其生存所面临的主要威胁。A. more 更多；B. much 很多；C. enough 足够；D. well 好。不是每个
人都能有机会去参与看老虎的旅行，“fortunate enough”表示“足够幸运的”。故选 C 项。
84．考查固定搭配。句意：任何足够有幸参与观看老虎旅行的人不仅要熟悉大型猫科动物的身体特征，还
要熟悉其生存所面临的主要威胁。A. and 和；B. but 但是；C. or 或；D. as 像。根据“not only”和后面的
“also”可知，应该选择 but 构成固定搭配“not only…but also…（不但……而且……）”。故选 B 项。
85．考查名词词义辨析。句意：老虎的栖息地通常覆盖人类社区的某些部分。A. environments 环境；B.
transports 运输；C. landscapes 景观；D. communities 社区。根据“ With the destruction of forest habitats（随
着森林栖息地的破坏）”可知，人类社区的扩张已经与动物的栖息地产生了交集。故选 D 项。
86．考查名词词义辨析。句意：随着森林栖息地的破坏导致小型猎物的减少，老虎经常被迫离开自己的保
护区，冒着风险进入人类地区捕猎牛或羊。A. reduction 减少；B. competition 竞争；C. infection 感染；D. tension
紧张。根据上一题的分析可知，人类社区的扩张导致了动物森林栖息地的破坏，因此小型猎物数量减少了。
故选 A 项。
87．考查动词词义辨析。句意：随着森林栖息地的破坏导致小型猎物的减少，老虎经常被迫离开自己的保
护区，冒着风险进入人类地区捕猎牛或羊。A. bite 咬；B. damage 损坏；C. monitor 监控；D. hunt 狩猎。根
据上一题的分析可知，小型猎物数量减少，因此老虎冒险来捕猎人类饲养的牲畜。故选 D 项。
88．考查动词短语辨析。句意：由于当地人依赖这些农场动物，这引起了人们的担忧，导致动物被杀死或
捕获并在黑市上出售。A. base on 基于；B. complain about 抱怨；C. depend on 依赖；D. come across 遇到。
“farm animals”是“ local people ”饲养的，因此当地人是依靠这些动物生存的。故选 C 项。
89．考查名词词义辨析。句意：由于当地人依赖这些农场动物，这引起了人们的担忧，导致动物被杀死或
捕获并在黑市上出售。A. confusions 混淆；B. concerns 担忧；C. connections 联系；D. conflicts 冲突。由第 12
题和第 13 题的分析可知，老虎经常被迫离开自己的保护区，冒着风险进入人类地区咬食牛或羊，这会引
发人们对于农场动物安全的担忧，从而捕杀老虎。故选 B 项。
90．考查动词词义辨析。句意：由于当地人依赖这些农场动物，这引起了人们的担忧，导致动物被杀死或
捕获并在黑市上出售。A. sell 出售；B. change 改变；C. gather 收集；D. adapt 适应。根据 black market（黑
市）可知，动物被捕杀后会在市场上出售，用于交易。故选 A 项。
（2022·湖南怀化·高二开学考试）When Mercy, the little penguin, arrived at the Bonorong Wildlife Hospital,
he was in really bad condition. “The penguin was ___1___, not doing so well and needed fattening up,” said Petra
Harris, the hospital manager. Little penguins were the smallest species of penguins on Earth but sadly in
___2___numbers.
___3___, with the help of a team of wildlife keepers, Mercy regained full health and was ___4___ back into
the wild. Mercy’s story has now been made into a video and was ___5___ on social media platforms on World
Penguin Day on April 25. In the ___6___, Ms Harris said a man ___7___ Mercy looked unwell and contacted
them thought their rescue line. Rescuers went to ___8___ Mercy and brought him back. The vet (兽医) team did a
full ___9___ on him. “We X-rayed him to check for any injuries that weren’t ___10___ . To their ___11___, it
turned out that Mercy was just a little underweight.
Mercy was ___12___ to fatten up at the hospital until he could swim. Then he was released at dawn so that
he could spend the day fishing before returning to his burrow (洞穴). “It’s a comfort for us to see animals go back
where they ___13___,” Ms Harris said. “Mercy was the lucky one that gets to have a second ___14___ at life, and
it’s certainly very ___15___ for us to make it.”
1．A．excited B．unfriendly C．underweight D．depressed
2．A．average B．stable C．climbing D．declining
3．A．Fortunately B．Strangely C．Consequently D．Naturally
4．A．set free B．let alone C．watched over D．brought up
5．A．filmed B．posted C．changed D．refused
6．A．hospital B．book C．video D．record
7．A．treated B．hunted C．searched D．spotted
8．A．collect B．select C．raise D．cure
9．A．survey B．favor C．examination D．description
10．A．serious B．obvious C．violent D．slight
11．A．regret B．shock C．puzzle D．relief
12．A．supported B．fed C．operated D．caught
13．A．belong B．recover C．meet D．escape
14．A．thought B．success C．chance D．try
15．A．demanding B．appealing C．frightening D．rewarding
（2021·湖南株洲·高二期末）My daughter has been crazy about raising a pet for a long time.
Last spring I bought two small chickens for her. She got excited and ____16____ good care of them.
____17____, a few days later, both chickens died. She burst into tears because of their ____18____. I helped her
bury the two chickens under a tree behind our house. I thought it would be the end of her idea.
However, I was ____19____. Children are children after all. The ____20____ hasn’t upset my daughter in
____21____ way. She still tried to keep a small animal or even a snail.
One day last winter, I noticed a ____22____ of sparrows (麻雀) under the eaves (屋檐) of the house. So I told
my daughter to put some rice on the windowsill (窗台). A few minutes ____23____, the sparrows came to land on
the windowsill one after another and pecked (啄) at the ____24____. Suddenly my daughter asked me, “Mum, can
we catch and cage (圈养) the sparrows, and let them live with us in the room How cold it is for them to live
____25____.”
“Oh, my dear, I do not think it is a good idea. You know,” I ____26____ to her. “____27____ is important
for sparrows. No one can keep them in a cage. If they are ____28____, they will die quickly. They are used to
living in the open air. Moreover, they have warm nests under the eaves.”
From then on, we have ____29____ a kind of relationship with the sparrow family. We feed them and treat
them as pet birds. ____30____, we do not need to possess them. We enjoy seeing these little birds flying and
jumping among branches, leaves and flowers in the spring morning.
16．A．looked B．took C．acquired D．reminded
17．A．Slightly B．Definitely C．Extremely D．Unluckily
18．A．desire B．escape C．focus D．death
19．A．certain B．sure C．wrong D．right
20．A．argument B．happiness C．success D．failure
21．A．some B．any C．no D．every
22．A．family B．couple C．pair D．pile
23．A．before B．after C．more D．later
24．A．bread B．rice C．fruit D．vegetable
25．A．downwards B．upwards C．inside D．outside
26．A．explained B．adapted C．attached D．preferred
27．A．Spring B．Freedom C．Trees D．Nests
28．A．concerned B．shot C．caught D．viewed
29．A．made up B．pulled up C．set up D．cheered up
30．A．But B．However C．Then D．Otherwise
（2022·江西省乐平中学高二开学考试）As a whale researcher, Nan Hauser has been awarded the
international title of “Earth Ambassador”. While many local people had heard of this ___31___ , it was an
encounter(邂逅)that would make her known worldwide.
One day in 2017, Nan was shooting some videos with the whales, when the most remarkable thing
___32___ . As she swam alongside them, they began to display ___33___ signs that danger was near. Suddenly,
she saw a whale swim towards her at full speed. Just as ___34___ hit, one of the whales used its fin to push Nan
onto its back and out of range of…not a whale but a tiger shark.
After the shark disappeared, the whale ___35___ accompanied Nan back to her boat. She climbed aboard and
yelled her appreciation to the ___36___ . After a few minutes, the whale disappeared, and Nan said goodbye,
feeling ___37___ for this lifetime encounter.
Almost a year later, Nan received a call from a fisherman saying that he ___38___ whales in the harbor.
Could her whale friend have ___39___ She jumped onto a boat quickly. Nan instantly ___40___ her fiend, and
dived into the water to swim with him.
After Nan’s encounter, she ___41___ with how best she could thank the whale. After all, its ___42___ to hug
something much larger than you. So what’s the most ___43___ way to thank a whale It’s by caring, learning
more about them, and ___44___ their habitat. As for us, we can help in small ways. For example, ___45___
single-use plastics will make a difference.
31．A．chemist B．physicist C．geologist D．biologist
32．A．happened B．approached C．bust D．escaped
33．A．rescuing B．warning C．waiting D．recommending
34．A．excitement B．panic C．surprise D．disappointment
35．A．really B．clearly C．safely D．rudely
36．A．woman B．boat C．shark D．whale
37．A．proud B．grateful C．hopeful D．pitiful
38．A．spotted B．pleased C．targeted D．tracked
39．A．welcomed B．suffered C．returned D．refreshed
40．A．waved B．greeted C．realized D．recognized
41．A．combined B．struggled C．argued D．connected
42．A．pretty B．funny C．tricky D．vital
43．A．influential B．particular C．logical D．incredible
44．A．creating B．protecting C．surrounding D．establishing
45．A．donating B．exchanging C．throwing D．abandoning
（2022·全国·高二期末）A dog in Virginia jumped into action one Thursday morning to warn a family of
danger. Charity Golloway and her two children were able to make it out of their house without ____46____ and
call the Valley Volunteer Fire Department thanks to Butter, a homeless dog that had ____47____ a few months
before.
Golloway made an outdoor ____48____ equipped with an electric lamp for the dog, ____49____ the dog
was probably homeless. The lamp Golloway was using to keep Butter warm obviously ____50____ , and the
doghouse was less than five feet away from their home. In response, Butter ran to the outside of Golloway’s
bedroom window and started barking ____51____ .
“He knew something was not right and that someone needed to know it. He’s a(n) ____52____ dog,”
Golloway told WJHL.
The barks woke up Golloway, who arose in time to hear the ____53____ of the fire breaking a window in her
home.“The fire just got ____54____ really fast,” Golloway said. “It’s actually hard to believe how fast it
______55______”
Golloway and her kids ran out of the house and were able to ______56______ the fire before it grew larger.
Thanks to Butter’s quick ______57______ , no one was hurt.
When firefighters arrived, Butter was there to ______58______ them. “It was a really nice dog,” said
firefighter Justin Stidham. “It came up and played with all of us. I was sitting there petting it. It was just as nice as
it could be.”
A ______59______ of Stidham with Butter went viral (走红) on Facebook. That’s when Golloway learned
Butter was not actually Butter. The dog’s original owners recognized Butter as Cooper, who had run away from
home over the summer. Golloway said she plans to give Cooper, the dog she knows as Butter, a steak before he
______60______ for his good deed.
46．A．fear B．cost C．injury D．doubt
47．A．returned B．appeared C．improved D．passed
48．A．pool B．stage C．trap D．shelter
49．A．considering B．admitting C．warning D．proving
50．A．went out B．caught fire C．turned up D．broke down
51．A．loudly B．patiently C．regularly D．happily
52．A．crazy B．smart C．interesting D．honest
53．A．smell B．heat C．cause D．sight
54．A．typical B．harmless C．big D．normal
55．A．weakened B．separated C．cleared D．happened
56．A．stop B．cancel C．reduce D．discover
57．A．success B．progress C．recovery D．reaction
58．A．comfort B．greet C．control D．observe
59．A．gesture B．plan C．conversation D．photo
60．A．complains B．escapes C．leaves D．responds
（2021·湖南·长沙一中高二期中）Melbourne Girls’ College is getting rid of all dustbins and asking students
to take their rubbish home to encourage them to move towards zero waste.
Starting next Monday, the college will gradually ______61______ all the rubbish bins in five weeks in
classrooms and the yard, ______62______ 1,400 students and 140 staff to find their own home for chip packets
and juice boxes. Volunteer students will ______63______ daily non-compulsory food inspections in which
children bringing “zero waste” lunch boxes will be ______64______. Students using only ______65______
packaging will receive a token (礼券) to win prizes.
The rubbish that students take home may still go to landfill ( 废 物 填 埋 场 ) via their home bins,
______66______ the new policy will help persuade ______67______ to buy fewer packaged items and reuse
containers. Most issues around carrying rubbish home, such as smell and mess, can be solved. ______68______
tuna (金枪鱼) in a tin, for example, can ______69______ the school’s compost (堆肥) bin and the tin can be
______70______ before it’s taken home.
The college principal Karen Money acknowledges that some parents may not have the time or means to
avoid ______71______ in single-use packaging, “But we are ______72______ to get as many people as we can to
avoid it. We talk a lot, ______73______ educators, about the bad problems the world ______74______, and if we
don’t start putting some actions ______75______ that beautiful idea, then it’s just empty.”
61．A．replace B．wash C．clean D．remove
62．A．proving B．leaving C．promising D．allowing
63．A．receive B．forbid C．admit D．conduct
64．A．rewarded B．advised C．changed D．protected
65．A．creative B．usual C．reusable D．plastic
66．A．so B．but C．and D．though
67．A．teachers B．staff C．families D．friends
68．A．Uneaten B．Uncooked C．Uncovered D．Unbroken
69．A．break down B．break through C．get through D．go into
70．A．returned B．washed C．given D．spared
71．A．foods B．clothes C．drinks D．tools
72．A．keeping B．dreaming C．stopping D．trying
73．A．for B．to C．as D．with
74．A．solves B．tells C．faces D．follows
75．A．before B．behind C．upon D．below
（2022·广西·桂林市临桂区五通中学高二期中）Since the beginning of the twentieth century, the number of
wild tigers has been on an alarming decline. ____76____, it appears that the situation has finally changed. The
____77____ of specialised conservation programmes has ____78____ the first growth of wild population number
for over a century and, while still not strong enough, the big cat's future seems a little more positive.
For those whose wildlife dream is ____79____ this wonderful big cat in its ____80____ habitat, a
well-organised tiger trip to one or more of the parks and ____81____ of the Indian subcontinent ____82____ the
chance to do just that. Anyone fortunate ____83____ to go on a tiger trip should become familiar with not only
the physical characteristics of the big cat, ____84____ also the major threats to its survival.
The tigers' habitat often covers some parts of the human ____85____. With the destruction of forest habitats
leading to a(n) ____86____ in smaller prey species (猎物), the tigers are often forced to leave the protection of its
own range and take the risk of going into human areas to ____87____ cows or sheep. Because local people
____88____ these farm animals, this causes ____89____, resulting in the killing or capturing of the animal to
____90____ on the black market.
While there are numerous high-profile conservation campaigns in action around the world, everyone should
play a part. For those planning to explore the Indian subcontinent on a tiger trip to see this mysterious big cat in its
natural habitat, helping to raise the profile of its endangered position is one way to help ensure its survival.
76．A．Though B．Therefore C．However D．Instead
77．A．establishment B．majority C．equipment D．permission
78．A．resulted of B．resulted in C．resulted from D．resulted by
79．A．encountered B．encounter C．to encounter D．encountering
80．A．ideal B．previous C．formal D．natural
81．A．landscapes B．reserves C．routes D．constructions
82．A．offers B．recommends C．exists D．identifies
83．A．more B．much C．enough D．well
84．A．and B．but C．or D．as
85．A．environments B．transports C．landscapes D．communities
86．A．reduction B．competition C．infection D．tension
87．A．bite B．damage C．monitor D．hunt
88．A．base on B．complain about C．depend on D．come across
89．A．confusions B．concerns C．connections D．conflicts
90．A．sell B．change C．gather D．adapt
参考答案：
1．C 2．D 3．A 4．A 5．B 6．C 7．D 8．A 9．C 10．B 11．D 12．B 13．A 14．C
15．D
【导语】本文是记叙文。一家医院的工作人员救助了一只小企鹅，并在它康复之后将其放归野外。
【详解】1. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这只企鹅体重不足，状态不太好，需要育肥。A. excited 兴奋的；
B. unfriendly 不友好的；C. underweight 重量不足的；D. depressed 沮丧的。根据“needed fattening up”可知，
企鹅重量不足。故选 C。
2. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：小企鹅是地球上最小的企鹅物种，但令人遗憾的是它们的数量正在减少。
A. average 平均的；B. stable 稳定的；C. climbing 攀爬的；D. declining 下降的。根据“but sadly”可知，数量
下降令人遗憾。故选 D。
3. 考查副词词义辨析。句意：幸运的是，在野生饲养员们的帮助下，Mercy 完全恢复了健康，被放归了野
外。A. Fortunately 幸运地；B. Strangely 奇怪地；C. Consequently 结果；D. Naturally 自然地。根据“with the
help of a team of wildlife keepers, Mercy regained full health”可知，Mercy 身体恢复，这是幸运的事。故选 A。
4. 考查动词短语辨析。句意：幸运的是，在野生饲养员们的帮助下，Mercy 完全恢复了健康，被放归了野
外。A. set free 释放；B. let alone 更不用说；C. watched over 监视；D. brought up 抚养。根据“back into the
wild.”可知，Mercy 身体恢复后被释放回到野外。故选 A。
5. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：Mercy 的故事被制作成视频，该视频于 4 月 25 日“世界企鹅日”在社交媒体
平台上发布。A. filmed 拍摄； B. posted 发布；C. changed 改变；D. refused 拒绝。根据“on social media
platforms”可知，视频在社交平台被发布。故选 B。
6. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：在视频中，Ms Harris 说有人发现 Mercy 看起来身体不适并通过他们的救援
热线联系了他们。A. hospital 医院； B. book 书籍；C. video 视频；D. record 记录。根据“Mercy’s story has now
been made into a video and was 5 on social media platforms on World Penguin Day on April 25.”
可知，人们看到了视频。故选 C。
7. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：在视频中，Ms Harris 说有人发现 Mercy 看起来身体不适并通过他们的救援
热线联系了他们。A. treated 对待；B. hunted 捕猎；C. searched 搜索；D. spotted 看见。根据“Mercy’s story has
now been made into a video and was 5 on social media platforms on World Penguin Day on April
25.”可知，人们在视频里看到小企鹅身体不适。故选 D。
8. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：救援人员去接 Mercy，并把它带回了医院。A. collect 收集，领取；B. select
挑选；C. raise 提升；D. cure 治愈。根据“and brought him back.”可知，救援人员去野外把小企鹅领回来。故
选 A。
9. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：兽医团队对它进行了全面检查。A. survey 调查；B. favor 喜欢；C. examination
检查；D. description 描述。根据“We X-rayed him to check for any injuries ”可知，这是给小企鹅身体做检查。
故选 C。
10. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我们给它做了 X 检查，以了解小企鹅身上是否有任何对我们来说不明显
的损伤。A. serious 严重的；B. obvious 明显的；C. violent 猛烈的；D. slight 稍微的。根据“We X-rayed him
to check for any injuries that weren’t”可知，救援人员对不明显的损伤进行检查。故选 B。
11. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：令我们感到欣慰的是，结果表明 Mercy 只是体重稍微偏低。A. regret 后悔；
B. shock 惊讶；C. puzzle 困惑；D. relief 松口气。根据“it turned out that Mercy was just a little underweight.”
可知，小企鹅身体没有大碍，这让人们松了一口气。故选 D。
12.考查动词词义辨析。句意：Mercy 在医院被喂养得很壮实，该状态一直持续到它能游泳。A. supported
支持；B. fed 喂养；C. operated 操作；D. caught 抓住。根据“fatten up at the hospital”可知，小企鹅被喂养的
胖胖的。故选 B。
13. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：看到动物回到它们所属的地方，我们感到很欣慰。A. belong 属于；B. recover
恢复；C. meet 见面；D. escape 逃跑。根据“Then he was released at dawn so that he could spend the day fishing
before returning to his burrow (洞穴).”可知，动物属于野外的生活。故选 A。
14. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：Mercy 很幸运地获得了第二次生命的机会。A.thought 思想；B.success 成功；
C.chance 机会；D.try 尝试。根据“ 3 , with the help of a team of wildlife keepers, Mercy regained full
health and was 4 back into the wild. ”可知，这是第二次救助这只企鹅，所以是获得第二次生命
机会。故选 C。
15. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：对我们来说，能成功救助小企鹅是非常值得的。A.demanding 要求高的；
B.appealing 吸引人的；C.frightening 令人害怕的；D. rewarding 有回报的，值得的。根据“for us to make it.”
可知，成功救治小企鹅对于救援人员来说也是值得的。故选 D。
16．B 17．D 18．D 19．C 20．D 21．B 22．A 23．D 24．B 25．D 26．A 27．B 28．
C 29．C 30．B
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。作者在文中记叙了女儿饲养小动物，对饲养动物积极的态度，以及他们喂食
屋檐下的麻雀，与麻雀一家建立关系的事情。
16．考查动词词义辨析。句意：她很兴奋，把它们照顾得很好。A. looked 看； B. took 拿，照顾； C. acquired
获得；D. reminded 使……想起。根据上文可知，作者给女儿买了两只鸡，应当是“照顾”它们，动词短语 take
good care of(好好照顾)，故选 B。
17．考查副词词义辨析。句意：不幸的是，几天后，两只鸡都死了。A. Slightly 轻轻地；B. Definitely 完全；
C. Extremely 特别，尤其；D. Unluckily 不幸的是。根据“both chickens died”可知，两只鸡都死了，这是“不
幸”，故选 D。
18．考查名词词义辨析。句意：因为它们的死，她哭了起来。A. desire 欲望；B. escape 逃离；C. focus 关
注；D. death 死亡。根据“both chickens died”可知，作者的女儿为鸡的“死”哭泣。故选 D。
19．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：然而，我错了。A. certain 确定的；B. sure 肯定的；C. wrong 错的；D. right
对的。根据 however 以及下文“She still tried to keep a small animal or even a snail.”可知，作者女儿还是想养
小动物，可知，作者认为女儿养小动物的想法到此为止是错的。故选 C。
20．考查名词词义辨析。句意：这次失败丝毫没有让我的女儿难过。A. argument 争辩；B. happiness 幸福，
开心；C. success 成功；D. failure 失败。根据上文可知，作者女儿养的两只鸡死了，这是一次“失败”，故选
D。
21．考查代词词义辨析。句意：这次失败丝毫没有让我女儿难过。A. some 一些；B. any 任何；C. no 没有；
D. every 全都。根据下文“She still tried to keep a small animal or even a snail.”可知，作者女儿并没有因为这
次失败而感到难过，还想养小动物。短语 in any way(在任何方面)，与否定搭配时表示“丝毫没有”，故选
B。
22．考查名词词义辨析。句意：去年冬天的一天，我注意到屋檐下有一窝麻雀。A. family 家庭； B. couple
一对； C. pair 一双，一对；D. pile 一堆。根据下文“From then on, we have 14 a kind of relationship
with the sparrow family.”可知是一窝麻雀，a family of 表示“一窝”，故选 A。
23．考查介词和副词词义辨析。句意：几分钟后，麻雀们纷纷降落在窗台上，啄食着米饭。A. before 之前；
B. after 之后；C. more 更多；D. later 以后，稍后。根据语境可知，作者叫女儿在窗台上放米饭，几分钟后
麻雀来啄食米饭，A few minutes later 表示“几分钟后”。故选 D。
24．考查名词词义辨析。句意：几分钟后，麻雀们纷纷降落在窗台上，啄食着米饭。A. bread 面包；B. rice
米饭；C. fruit 水果；D. vegetable 蔬菜。根据上文“So I told my daughter to put some rice on the windowsill (窗
台).”可知，作者叫女儿在窗台上放米饭，所以麻雀啄食米饭。 故选 B。
25．考查副词词义辨析。句意：它们住在外面有多冷？A. downwards 向下；B. upwards 向上；C. inside 里
面； D. outside 外面。根据上文“Mum, can we catch and cage (圈养) the sparrows, and let them live with us in the
room ”可知，作者女儿想讲麻雀抓起圈养在室内，由此可知她发问“麻雀住在外面有多冷？”。故选 D。
26．考查动词词义辨析。句意：“哦，亲爱的，我不认为这是个好主意。你知道，自由对麻雀来说很重要”
我向她解释道。A. explained 解释；B. adapted 适应；C. attached 附上；D. preferred 偏爱。
根据语境和下文““ 12 is important for sparrows. No onecan keep them in a cage. If they are 13 ,
they will die quickly. They are used to living in the open air. Moreover, they have warm nests under the eaves.”可
知，作者在向女儿“解释”，故选 A。
27．考查名词词义辨析。句意同上。A. Spring 春天；B. Freedom 自由；C. Trees 树木；D. Nests 鸟巢。 根
据下文“They are used to living in the open air. ”可知，“自由”对于麻雀来说很重要，故选 B。
28．考查动词词义辨析。句意：如果他们被抓住，他们会很快死去。A. concerned 关注；B. shot 射击；C. caught
抓住；D. viewed 看。 根据上文提到“自由对于麻雀来说很重要”以及下文“They are used to living in the open
air. ”可知，麻雀被抓住，很快就会死。故选 C。
29．考查动词短语辨析。句意：从此，我们与麻雀家族建立了一种关系。A. made up 弥补，组成，化妆，
编造；B. pulled up 拔起，停车；C. set up 建立；D. cheered up 欢呼。 根据下文“We feed them and treat them
as pet birds. 15 , we do not need to possess them. We enjoy seeing these little birds flying and
jumping among branches, leaves and flowers in the spring morning.”可知，我们与麻雀“建立了”一种关系，故
选 C。
30．考查副词词义辨析。句意：然而，我们并不需要拥有它们。A. But 仅仅，但是； B. However 然而；
C. Then 之后；D. Otherwise 否则。根据上一句“We feed them and treat them as pet birds.(我们喂它们，把它
们当作宠物鸟)”可知，前后文之间构成转折对比关系，应用表示转折的副词 however 连接上下文，故选 B。
31．D 32．A 33．B 34．B 35．C 36．D 37．B 38．A 39．C 40．D 41．B 42．C 43．
A 44．B 45．D
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了海洋生物学家 Nan Hauser 与一头鲸鱼之间的故事。过去 30 年，
她见过无数头鲸鱼，但有一头鲸鱼在她心里始终有个特殊的位置。
31．考查名词词义辨析。句意：虽然许多当地人都听说过这位生物学家，但这是一次让她闻名世界的邂逅。
A. chemist 化学家；A. physicist 物理学家； C. geologist 地质学家；D. biologist 生物学家。故填 D。根据上
文的“As a whale researcher”和下文的内容可知，Nan Hauser 是一位海洋生物学家，与一头鲸鱼的偶遇让她
闻名于世。故选 D。
32．考查动词词义辨析。句意：2017 年的一天，Nan 正在拍摄一些与鲸鱼的视频，这时发生了不同寻常的
事。A.happened 发生；B. approached 接近；C. bust 打破；D. escaped 逃脱。根据下文“Just as ___4___ hit, one
of the whales used its fin to push Nan onto its back and out of range of…not a whale but a tiger shark.”可知，她在
海上拍摄鲸鱼的视频时，发生了不同寻常的事情。故填 A。
33．考查动词词义辨析。句意：当她在他们旁边游泳时，他们开始显示危险即将来临的警告信号。A. rescuing
拯救；A. warning 警告；C. waiting 等待；D. recommending 推荐。根据下文的“that danger was near”和
“Suddenly, she saw a whale swim towards her at full speed”可知，鲸鱼发出了危险迫近的警告信号。故选 B。
34．考查名词词义辨析。句意：就在恐慌袭来的时候，其中一条鲸鱼用它的鳍把 Nan 推到了它的背上，离
开危险的范围……不是鲸鱼，而是虎鲨。A. excitement 兴奋；B. panic 恐慌；C. surprise 惊喜；D. disappointment
失望。根据下文的“hit”和“one of the whales used its fin to push Nan onto its back”可知，Nan Hauser 心里感到
非常恐慌。故选 B。
35．考查副词词义辨析。句意：鲨鱼消失后，鲸鱼安全地陪 Nan 回到她的船上。A.really 真地；B.clearly
显然是；C. safely 安全地；D. rudely 粗鲁地。根据下文的“accompanied Nan back to her boat”可知，这头鲸
鱼把她安全地护送回她的船上。故选 C。
36．考查名词词义辨析。句意：她爬上了船，大声向鲸鱼表示感谢。A. woman 女人；B. boat 船；C. shark
鲨鱼；D. whale 鲸鱼。根据上文的 “yelled her appreciation”和下文的 “feeling ___7___ for this lifetime
encounter”可知，鲨鱼消失之后，她对这头鲸鱼大声喊着感激的话。故选 D。
37．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：几分钟后，鲸鱼消失了，Nan 说再见，对这一生的相遇感到感激。A. proud
自豪的；B. grateful 感谢的；C. hopeful 充满希望的；D. pitiful 令人同情的。根据第一段的“it was an encounter
(邂逅) that would make her known worldwide”和上文“yelled her appreciation to the ___6___”可知，她对这次偶
遇心存感恩，她也非常感激这头鲸鱼。故选 B。
38．考查动词词义辨析。句意：大约一年后，Nan 接到一位渔民的电话，说他在港口发现了鲸鱼。A. spotted
发现；A. pleased 很高兴；C. targeted 目标；D. tracked 跟踪。根据下文的“whales in the harbor”可知，当地
渔民打电话说他看见海湾有鲸鱼出没，spotted 意为“认出，发觉”。故选 A。
39．考查动词词义辨析。句意：她的鲸鱼朋友会回来吗？A. welcomed 欢迎；B. suffered 遭受；C. returned
返回；D. refreshed 刷新。根据上文的内容可知，Nan Hauser 在想：是不是救过她的那头鲸鱼回来了。故选
C。
40．考查动词词义辨析。句意：她很快跳上船。Nan 立刻认出了她的朋友，跳入水中与他一起游泳。A. waved
挥手向；B. greeted 挥手； C. realized 实现；D. recognized 辨认出。根据上文的“She jumped onto a boat
quickly.”和“instantly”可知，Nan Hauser 瞬间认出了救她的那头鲸鱼。故选 D。
41．考查动词词义辨析。句意：在 Nan 的相遇之后，她努力想着如何才能最好地感谢鲸鱼。A. combined
与……相结合；B.struggle 挣扎；C. argued 争辩；D. connected 联系。根据下文的内容可知，与那头鲸鱼相
遇之后，Nan Hauser 心里在想要如何感谢它。struggle with 意为“努力想”。故选 B。
42．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：毕竟，拥抱比你大得多的东西是很棘手的。A. pretty 漂亮的；B.
funny 有趣的；C. tricky 棘手的；D. vital 至关重要的。根据下文的“to hug something much larger than you”
可知，要想拥抱这头鲸鱼可得费一番功夫，毕竟鲸鱼比人的体格大得多。tricky 意为“困难的，棘手的”。
故选 C。
43．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：那么，最有影响力的感谢鲸鱼的方式是什么呢？A. influential 有影响力
的；B. particular 特别的； C. logical 逻辑上的；D. incredible 难以置信的。根据下文的“It’s by caring，learning
more about them, and___14__ their habitat.”可知，Nan Hauser 认为感谢鲸鱼最有影响力的办法是多了解、呵
护它们并保护好它们的栖息地。故选 A。
44．考查动词词义辨析。句意：就是通过关心、了解它们，保护它们的栖息地。A. creating 创建；B. protecting
保护； C. surrounding 围绕；D. establishing 建立。根据下文的“It’s by caring，learning more about them,
and__14__their habitat.”可知，Nan Hauser 认为感谢鲸鱼最有影响力的办法是多了解、呵护它们并保护好它
们的栖息地。故选 B。
45．考查动词词义辨析。句意：例如，放弃一次性塑料将带来不同。A. donating 捐赠；A. exchanging 交换；
C. throwing 投掷；D. abandoning 抛弃。根据下文的“single-use plastics will make a difference”可知，不使用
一次性塑料将会有助于保护鲸鱼。故选 D。
46．C 47．B 48．D 49．A 50．B 51．A 52．B 53．B 54．C 55．D 56．A 57．D 58．
B 59．D 60．C
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述 Charity Golloway 和她的两个孩子被她捡到的一只狗 Butter 所救，
安全的逃离了他们的房子，免于火灾中受伤的故事。
46．考查名词词义辨析。句意：Charity Golloway 和她的两个孩子能够安全地走出他们的房子，并打电话
给山谷志愿消防部门，这要感谢几个月前出现的一只无家可归的狗 Butter。A. fear 害怕；B. cost 代价；C.
injury 受伤；D. doubt 怀疑。根据上文“A dog in Virginia jumped into action one Thursday morning to warn a
family of danger.”可知这一家人是免于受伤，安全地走出他们的房子，故选 C。
47．考查动词词义辨析。句意同上。A. returned 返回；B. appeared 出现；C. improved 提高；D. passed 通过。
根据上文“a homeless dog”可知是一只无家可归的狗在几个月前出现了，故选 B。
48．考查名词词义辨析。句意：考虑到这只狗可能无家可归，Golloway 为它做了一个配有电灯的户外庇护
所。A. pool 水池；B. stage 阶段；C. trap 陷阱；D. shelter 庇护所。根据下文“the dog was probably homeless”
可知，是做了一个庇护所，安置这个无家可归的狗。故选 D。
49．考查动词词义辨析。句意同上。A. considering 考虑；B. admitting 承认；C. warning 警告；D. proving
证明。根据上下文的语境，可知是考虑到狗狗无家可归，所以做了庇护所，故选 A。
50．考查动词短语辨析。句意：Golloway 用来给 Butter 取暖的灯显然着了火，狗屋离他们家不到五英尺。
A. went out 出去；B. caught fire 着火；C. turned up 出现；D. broke down 出故障。根据后文“the fire breaking
a window in her home. ”可知是着火了，故选 B。
51．考查副词词义辨析。句意：作为回应，Butter 跑到 Golloway 卧室的窗户外面，开始大声吠叫。A. loudly
大声地；B. patiently 耐心地；C. regularly 正规地；D. happily 高兴地。根据下文“He knew something was not
right and that someone needed to know it.”可知狗意识到不好的事情发生了，应该是大声地吠叫，故选 A。
52．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：“它知道事情不对劲，需要有人知道。它是一只非常聪明的狗，”Golloway
告诉 WJHL。A. crazy 疯狂的；B. smart 聪明的；C. interesting 有趣的；D. honest 诚实的。根据上文“He knew
something was not right and that someone needed to know it.”可知这只狗发现着火了大声吠叫是为了让人知
道，所以 Golloway 在赞扬这是一只非常聪明的狗，故选 B。
53．考查名词词义辨析。句意：狗叫声吵醒了 Golloway，她及时起床，听到火焰的热量打破了她家里的窗
户。A. smell 味道；B. heat 热量；C. cause 原因；D. sight 景象。根据常识和下文“breaking a window in her
home”可知是火的热量，故选 B。
54．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：Golloway 说：“火势迅速蔓延。”A. typical 典型的；B. harmless 无害的；
C. big 大的，狂热的；D. normal 正常的。根据下文“It’s actually hard to believe how fast it”说明火蔓延的速度
非常快，故选 C。
55．考查动词词义辨析。句意：真的很难相信大火发生得有多快。A. weakened 削弱；B. separated 使分开；
C. cleared 清理，明白；D. happened 发生。这里是形容火势蔓延的快，所以发生更符合题意，故选 D。
56．考查动词词义辨析。句意：Golloway 和她的孩子们跑出了房子，在火势变大之前把火扑灭了。A. stop
阻止；B. cancel 取消；C. reduce 减少；D. discover 发现。根据下文“the fire before it grew larger”及常识可知
是在火势变大之前阻止了大火，故选 A。
57．考查名词词义辨析。句意：由于 Butter 反应迅速，没有人受伤。A. success 成功；B. progress 进度；
C. recovery 恢复；D. reaction 反应。根据上文“In response, Butter ran to the outside of Golloway’s bedroom
window and started barking”可知是 Butter 的反应，故选 D。
58．考查动词词义辨析。句意：当消防员赶到时，Butter 在那里迎接他们。A. comfort 安慰；B. greet 问候，
迎接；C. control 控制；D. observe 观察。根据下文“It came up and played with all of us.”可知是迎接他们，故
选 B。
59．考查动词词义辨析。句意：Stidham 和 Butter 的一张照片在 Facebook 上走红。A. gesture 姿势；B. plan
计划；C. conversation 对话；D. photo 照片。根据常识，在 Facebook 上走红应该是发布的照片，更符合语
境，故选 D。
60．考查动词词义辨析。句意：Golloway 说她计划在 Cooper，被她称为“Butter”，离开之前给它一份牛排，
因为它做了好事。A. complains 抱怨；B. escapes 逃跑；C. leaves 离开；D. responds 回复。根据上文“The
dog’s original owners recognized Butter as Cooper, who had run away from home over the summer.”可知这只狗
的原主人找到了它，所以是在离开之前，故选 C。
61．D 62．B 63．D 64．A 65．C 66．B 67．C 68．A 69．D 70．B 71．A 72．D 73．
C 74．C 75．B
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述墨尔本女子学院清除了所有的垃圾箱，要求学生们把垃圾带回
家，以鼓励他们朝着零浪费的方向发展。
61．考查动词词义辨析。句意：从下周一开始，学院将在五周内逐步清除教室和院子里的所有垃圾箱，使
得 1400 名学生和 140 名工作人员要为薯片包装和果汁盒找到它们自己的家。A. replace 代替；B. wash 洗；
C. clean 打扫，清扫；D. remove 清除；移开。由上文“Melbourne Girls’ College is getting rid of all dustbins and
asking students to take their rubbish home to encourage them to move towards zero waste”可知，此处指学院将逐
步清除垃圾箱。故选 D 项。
62．考查动词词义辨析。句意同上。A. proving 证明；B. leaving 使……处于（某种状态），离开；C. promising
承诺；D. allowing 允许。由上文“Melbourne Girls’ College is getting rid of all dustbins and asking students to take
their rubbish home to encourage them to move towards zero waste”可知，学院将逐步清除垃圾箱，使得学生和
工作人员要找到地方投放薯片包装和果汁盒。故选 B 项。
63．考查动词词义辨析。句意：志愿者学生每日进行非强制性食物检查，携带“零浪费”午餐盒的儿童将获
得奖励。A. receive 收到，接到；B. forbid 禁止；C. admit 承认，准许进入；D. conduct 进行，实施，指挥。
由后面的“inspections”和“Students using only 5 packaging will receive a token (礼券) to win prizes.”
可知，此处指对学生们进行食物检查，看看孩子们携带的午餐盒是否“零浪费”。故选 D 项。
64．考查动词词义辨析。句意：志愿者学生每日进行非强制性食物检查，携带“零浪费”午餐盒的儿童将获
得奖励。A. rewarded 奖励；B. advised 建议；C. changed 改变；D. protected 保护。由后面的“win prizes”可
知，此处指给予携带“零浪费”午餐盒的学生奖励。故选 A 项。
65．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：使用可重复使用包装的学生将获得一个礼券作为奖品。A. creative 创造
性的；B. usual 通常的；C. reusable 可重复使用的；D. plastic 塑料的。由下文“the new policy will help persuade
7 to buy fewer packaged items and reuse containers”可知，新政策提倡可重复使用的容器，因此此处指可
重复使用的包装。故选 C 项。
66．考查连词词义辨析。句意：学生带回家的垃圾仍然可以通过他们家的垃圾箱进入垃圾填埋场，但新政
策将有助于说服家庭减少购买包装物品和重复使用容器。A. so 所以；B. but 但是；C.and 并且；D. though
虽然。对比空处前后两句可知，此处两个分句之间是转折关系，应用连词 but。故选 B 项。
67．考查名词词义辨析。句意：学生带回家的垃圾仍然可以通过他们家的垃圾箱填埋，但新政策将有助于
说服家庭减少购买包装物品和重复使用容器。A. teachers 教师；B. staff 职员；C. families 家人，家庭；D. friends
朋友。由前面的“take home”和“via their home bins”可知，此处指说服家庭。故选 C 项。
68．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：例如，罐头盒里剩下的金枪鱼，可以放进学校的堆肥箱，罐头可以在被
带回家之前清洗干净。A. Uneaten 未吃的，剩下的；B. Uncooked 未煮过的；C. Uncovered 无覆盖的；D.
Unbroken 未破损的，完整的。根据下文“the school’s compost (堆肥) bin ”可知，罐头里的金枪鱼是剩下的，
没吃完的。故选 A 项。
69．考查动词短语辨析。句意：例如，罐头盒里剩下的金枪鱼，可以放进学校的堆肥箱，罐头可以在被带
回家之前清洗干净。A. break down 发生故障，分解；B. break through 突破；C. get through 通过，度过；D.
go into 进入，加入。根据上文“Most issues around carrying rubbish home, such as smell and mess, can be
solved. ”和本句“the school’s compost (堆肥) bin and the tin can be 10 before it’s taken home”可知，此处指
把剩下的金枪鱼放进堆肥箱。故选 D 项。
70．考查动词词义辨析。句意：例如，罐头盒里剩下的金枪鱼，可以放进学校的堆肥箱，罐头可以在被带
回家之前清洗干净。A. returned 返回，报答；B. washed 清洗；C.given 被给；D. spared 节约，吝惜。由本
句“before it’s taken home”及常识可知，罐头里没吃的金枪鱼，放进堆肥箱后，罐头盒要清洗干净。故选 B
项。
71．考查名词词义辨析。句意：大学校长 Karen Money 承认有些家长可能没有时间或方法避免食用一次
性包装的食品。A. foods 食物；B. clothes 衣物；C. drinks 饮料；D. tools 工具。根据上文“Volunteer students
will daily non-compulsory food inspections in which children bringing “zero waste” lunch boxes”后
文“single-use packaging”可知，此处指用一次性包装的食品。故选 A 项。
72．考查动词词义辨析。句意：但我们努力让尽可能多的人来避免它。A. keeping 保持；B. dreaming 梦想；
C. stopping 停止；D. trying 努力；争取。由前面的“may not have the time or means to avoid”可知，此处指尽
管有些父母不能避免使用一次性包装，但是学校会努力让尽可能多的人来避免。故选 D 项。
73．考查介词词义辨析。句意：作为教育工作者，我们经常谈论世界面临的坏问题。如果我们在美丽的想
法之后不开始采取一些行动，那么想法就是无意义的。A. for 为了，给；B. to 朝，对于；C. as 作为，如同，
以……身份；D. with 和……在一起，用，具有，随着。由上文“The college principal”及语境可知，此处指
作为教育工作者。故选 C 项。
74．考查动词词义辨析。句意：作为教育工作者，我们经常谈论世界面临的坏问题。如果我们在美丽的想
法之后不开始采取一些行动，那么想法就是无意义的。A. solves 解决；B. tells 告知；C. faces 面对；D. follows
跟随。由前面讲述的大学里的垃圾处理的方法和空前的“the bad problems the world”可知，此处用 face，意
为“世界面临的坏问题”。故选 C 项。
75．考查介词词义辨析。句意：作为教育工作者，我们经常谈论世界面临的坏问题。如果我们在美丽的想
法之后不开始采取一些行动，那么它就是无意义的。A.before 在……之前；B. behind 在……之后；C. upon
在……之上；D. below 在……下面。由下文“ then it’s just empty.”及语境常识可知，提出某种想法之后要采
取一些行动，否则它就是无意义的。故选 B 项。
76．C 77．A 78．B 79．C 80．D 81．B 82．A 83．C 84．B 85．D 86．A 87．D 88．
C 89．B 90．A
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了建立专门的保护计划使老虎的数量得到增长，但形势依然严峻，
呼吁人们提高保护老虎的意识。
76．考查副词词义辨析。句意：然而，情况似乎终于发生了变化。A. Though 虽然；B. Therefore 所以；C.
However 然而；D. Instead 反而。根据“Since the beginning of the twentieth century, the number of wild tigers has
been on an alarming decline.（自二十世纪初以来，野生老虎的数量一直在以惊人的速度下降。）”和“it appears
that the situation has finally changed. （情况似乎终于发生了变化）”可知，空格前后两句话在逻辑上是转折
关系。故选 C 项。
77．考查名词词义辨析。句意：建立专门的保护计划导致了一个多世纪以来野生种群数量的首次增长，虽
然还不够庞大，但这只大猫的未来似乎更加乐观。A. establishment 建立；B. majority 大多数；C. equipment
设备；D. permission 许可。根据第 1 题的分析可知，野生老虎的数量一直在以惊人的速度下降，因此要建
立专门的保护计划。故选 A 项。
78．考查动词短语辨析。句意：建立专门的保护计划导致了一个多世纪以来野生种群数量的首次增长，虽
然还不够庞大，但这只大猫的未来似乎更加乐观。“ the first growth of wild population number for over a
century（野生种群数量的首次增长）是“The establishment of specialised conservation programmes （建立专
门的保护计划）”所带来的结果，因此使用动词短语 resulted in（导致）作为谓语动词，而 resulted from 表
示“由……导致”不符合语境。故选 B 项。
79．考查动词不定式。句意：对于那些梦想在它的自然栖息地遇到这只美妙的大型猫科野生动物的人来说，
到印度次大陆的一个或多个公园和保护区的组织良好的参观老虎之旅提供了实现梦想的机会。encountered
意为“遇到”， 此处表示一次具体的动作，使用动词不定式。故选 C 项。
80．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：对于那些梦想在它的自然栖息地遇到这只美妙的大型猫科野生动物的人
来说，到印度次大陆的一个或多个公园和保护区的组织良好的参观老虎之旅提供了实现梦想的机会。A.
ideal 理想的；B. previous 先前的；C. formal 正式的；D. natural 自然的。根据“the parks of the Indian subcontinent
（印度次大陆的公园）”可知，这是野生老虎的自然栖息地之一。故选 D 项。
81．考查名词词义辨析。句意：对于那些梦想在它的自然栖息地遇到这只美妙的大型猫科野生动物的人来
说，到印度次大陆的一个或多个公园和保护区的组织良好的参观老虎之旅提供了实现梦想的机会。A.
landscapes 景观；B. reserves 保护区；C. routes 路线；D. constructions 建筑。根据上一题的分析可知，为野
生老虎提供自然栖息地的地点除了公园，还有保护区，二者由 and 连接，为并列关系。故选 B 项。
82．考查动词词义辨析。句意：对于那些梦想在它的自然栖息地遇到这只美妙的大型猫科野生动物的人来
说，到印度次大陆的一个或多个公园和保护区的组织良好的参观老虎之旅提供了实现梦想的机会。A. offers
提供；B. recommends 推荐；C. exists 存在；D. identifies 识别。根据上一题的分析可知，公园和保护区为
老虎提供了自然的栖息地，人们去这些地方可以看到这种大型的猫科动物，即去这些地方提供了参观野生
老虎的机会。故选 A 项。
83．考查副词词义辨析。句意：任何足够有幸参与观看老虎旅行的人不仅要熟悉大型猫科动物的身体特征，
还要熟悉其生存所面临的主要威胁。A. more 更多；B. much 很多；C. enough 足够；D. well 好。不是每个
人都能有机会去参与看老虎的旅行，“fortunate enough”表示“足够幸运的”。故选 C 项。
84．考查固定搭配。句意：任何足够有幸参与观看老虎旅行的人不仅要熟悉大型猫科动物的身体特征，还
要熟悉其生存所面临的主要威胁。A. and 和；B. but 但是；C. or 或；D. as 像。根据“not only”和后面的
“also”可知，应该选择 but 构成固定搭配“not only…but also…（不但……而且……）”。故选 B 项。
85．考查名词词义辨析。句意：老虎的栖息地通常覆盖人类社区的某些部分。A. environments 环境；B.
transports 运输；C. landscapes 景观；D. communities 社区。根据“ With the destruction of forest habitats（随
着森林栖息地的破坏）”可知，人类社区的扩张已经与动物的栖息地产生了交集。故选 D 项。
86．考查名词词义辨析。句意：随着森林栖息地的破坏导致小型猎物的减少，老虎经常被迫离开自己的保
护区，冒着风险进入人类地区捕猎牛或羊。A. reduction 减少；B. competition 竞争；C. infection 感染；D. tension
紧张。根据上一题的分析可知，人类社区的扩张导致了动物森林栖息地的破坏，因此小型猎物数量减少了。
故选 A 项。
87．考查动词词义辨析。句意：随着森林栖息地的破坏导致小型猎物的减少，老虎经常被迫离开自己的保
护区，冒着风险进入人类地区捕猎牛或羊。A. bite 咬；B. damage 损坏；C. monitor 监控；D. hunt 狩猎。根
据上一题的分析可知，小型猎物数量减少，因此老虎冒险来捕猎人类饲养的牲畜。故选 D 项。
88．考查动词短语辨析。句意：由于当地人依赖这些农场动物，这引起了人们的担忧，导致动物被杀死或
捕获并在黑市上出售。A. base on 基于；B. complain about 抱怨；C. depend on 依赖；D. come across 遇到。
“farm animals”是“ local people ”饲养的，因此当地人是依靠这些动物生存的。故选 C 项。
89．考查名词词义辨析。句意：由于当地人依赖这些农场动物，这引起了人们的担忧，导致动物被杀死或
捕获并在黑市上出售。A. confusions 混淆；B. concerns 担忧；C. connections 联系；D. conflicts 冲突。由第 12
题和第 13 题的分析可知，老虎经常被迫离开自己的保护区，冒着风险进入人类地区咬食牛或羊，这会引
发人们对于农场动物安全的担忧，从而捕杀老虎。故选 B 项。
90．考查动词词义辨析。句意：由于当地人依赖这些农场动物，这引起了人们的担忧，导致动物被杀死或
捕获并在黑市上出售。A. sell 出售；B. change 改变；C. gather 收集；D. adapt 适应。根据 black market（黑
市）可知，动物被捕杀后会在市场上出售，用于交易。故选 A 项。