（人教版2019）高考英语 一轮复习夯实基础必背知识清单 专题03.必修第1册 Unit 2 Travelling Around
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一轮复习夯实基础必背知识清单
专题03.必修第1册 Unit 2 Travelling Around
一、单元必背词汇篇
重点词汇 阅读单词——我会认 1．castle n．城堡；堡垒 2．visa n．签证 3．flat adj.平坦的；扁平的 n．公寓；单元房 4．empire n．帝国 5．emperor n．皇帝 6．brochure n．资料(或广告)手册 7．package n．包裹；包装盒 vt.将……包装好 8．civilisation n．文明；文明世界 9．BCE(＝before the Common Era)公元前 10．tomb n．坟墓 11．unearth vt.挖掘；发掘 12．Disneyland迪士尼乐园 13．Spain西班牙(国家名) 14．Spanish n．西班牙语；西班牙人 adj.西班牙的 重点单词——我会写 1．rent vt.租用；出租 vi.租用；租金为 n．租金 2．pack vi.& vt.收拾(行李) vt.包装 n．(商品的)纸包；纸袋；大包 3．source n．来源；出处 4．narrow adj.狭窄的 vi.& vt.(使)变窄 5．site n．地点；位置；现场 6．type n．类型；种类 vi.& vt.打字 7．flight n．空中航行；航班；航程 8．unique adj.唯一的；独特的；特有的 9．path n．小路；路线；道路 10．destination n．目的地；终点 11．contact vt.联络；联系 n．联系；接触 12．soldier n．士兵；军人 13．transport n．交通运输系统 vt.运输；运送 14．hike vi.徒步旅行 vt.去……远足 n．远足；徒步旅行 15．credit n．借款；信用；称赞；学分 16．detail n．细节；详情；细微之处 17．request n．(正式或礼貌的)要求；请求 vt.(正式或礼貌地)要求；请求 18．view n．视野；景色；看法 19．sight n．景象；视野；视力 20．comment n．议论；评论 vi.& vt.发表意见；评论
词汇拓展 1．apply vi.& vt.申请 vt.应用；涂→application n．申请；应用→applicant n．申请人 2．amazing adj.令人惊奇的→amazed adj.惊奇的→amaze vt.使惊奇→amazement n．惊奇；惊喜 3．arrangement n．安排；筹备→arrange vt.& vi.安排；筹备 4．extremely adv.极其；非常→extreme adj.极其的；极度的 5．powerful adj.强有力的；有权势的→power n．能力；力量；权力→powerless adj.无力的；无能的 6．official adj.官方的；正式的 n．官员→office n．办公室→officer n．军官 7．recognise vt.辨别出；承认；认可→recognition n．承认；认可 8．accommodation n．住处；膳宿→accommodate vt.提供住处 9．admire vt.钦佩；赞赏→admiration n．崇拜；赞赏→admirable adj.令人赞赏的 10．architecture n．建筑设计；建筑学→architect n．建筑设计师 11．economy n．经济；节约→economic adj.经济(上)的；经济学的
重点词组 1．apply for申请 2．take control of控制；接管 3．other than除……以外 4．make up构成；形成 5．credit card信用卡 6．check in(在旅馆、机场等)登记 7．check out结账离开(旅馆等)
重点句型 1．It is for this reason that Spanish is the main official language of Peru. 正是由于这个原因西班牙语是秘鲁的一门主要的官方语言。 2．Especially amazing is the Incas’ dry stone method of building. 特别令人惊叹的是印加人的干式石头搭砌的建造方法。 3．Inca builders cut stones to exact sizes so that nothing was needed to hold walls together other than the perfect fit of the stones. 印加的建筑工人将石头切割成精确的尺寸，仅仅凭着石头间的完美契合，即可稳固墙体。 4．Each statue has a different face，leading researchers to believe that each one is a copy of a real soldier. 每尊雕像都有一张不同的脸，这使得研究人员相信每尊雕像都是一个真实士兵的复制品。 5．However，no one in modern times knew about the tomb or the terracotta statues until 1974，when some farmers discovered the tomb while they were digging a well! 然而，直到1974年，一些农民在挖井时发现了这座陵墓，现代人才知道了这座陵墓和兵马俑！
单元必背文章篇
Passage 1
Peru lies on the Pacific coast of South America with three main areas: the land running along the coast, the Andes Mountains, and the Amazon rainforest. In the 1400s and 1500s, Peru was the centre of the powerful ancient Inca Empire, whose emperor lived in the site Machu Picchu. In the 16th century, Spain took control of Peru. In Amazon Rainforest, you take a boat to reach your accommodation. Three days will witness the unique plants and animals there. Four days' walking on the path through the Andes Mountains leads to Machu Picchu. You'll be amazed by this destination. Especially amazing is the Incas' dry stone method of building. Stones are cut in exact sizes to hold walls together other than the perfect fit. In Cusco, you must admire architecture. In Lake Titicaca, the island and local homes are made of water plants from the lake.
秘鲁是位于南美洲太平洋沿岸的一个国家，由三个主要地区构成：沿海地区，安第斯山脉和亚马孙热带雨林。在15至16世纪期间，秘鲁曾是强大的古印加帝国的中心。印加帝王就住在马丘比丘。西班牙在16世纪掌控秘鲁。在亚马逊雨林，你可以乘船到达你的住处。三天将见证那里独特的植物和动物。在安第斯山脉的小路上走四天就到了马丘比丘。你会对这个目的地感到惊讶的。尤其令人惊讶的是印加人用干石头建造的方法。石头被切割成精确的尺寸来固定墙壁，而不是完美的配合。在库斯科，你必须欣赏建筑。在喀喀湖，岛屿和按当地的住宅都是由湖中的水生植物制成。
Passage 2
Richard is enjoying himself in China and fitting in now. Over the October holiday, he plans to visit the Terracotta Army with his parents. He can't wait for it. The story of the Terracotta Army seems almost unbelievable to him. More than 8,000 statues stand there and still no one in modern times knew about them until the 1970s. Then they'll also visit several other places in Xi'an. Shanxi History Museum is included,because his father is a big fan of history and this museum is known as a "Chinese treasure house".Visiting Xi'an City Wall is a must. They'll set out the day before the October holiday begins by train. As scheduled, they'll start sightseeing the moment they arrive!
理查德现在很享受在中国的生活，也很适应。在10月的假期里，他计划和父母一起参观兵马俑。他迫不及待了。在他看来，兵马俑的故事几乎令人难以置信。这里有8000多尊雕像，直到20世纪70年代才有人知道它们。然后他们还将参观西安的其他几个地方。陕西历史博物馆被包括在内，因为他的父亲是一个历史迷，这个博物馆被称为“中国的宝库”。参观西安城墙是必需的。他们将在十月假期开始的前一天乘火车出发。按照计划，他们一到就会开始观光！
三、单元必背写作素材篇
申请信
必备词汇
必备词汇
1.apply for 申请
2.graduate from 毕业于
3.major in 主修
4.be skilled in/a... 在……方面熟练
5.be good at..…/be expert in.. 擅长/精通于……
6.have a good command/knowledge 掌握/能驾驭
7.be competent for. 胜任
8.be fit/suitable for/be qualified for 适合/有……的资格
9.have rich working experience 有丰富的工作经验
10.cooperate with 与（某人）协作，合作
11.come out top 名列前茅
12.be bound to... 肯定，注定，必定
13.good grades 良好的成绩
14.be paid by the hour 按小时发工资
15.present address 现在的通讯地址
16.working experience 工作经历
17.a win-win activity 一个双赢的活动
高分句式
第一部分：说明写信的目的
套语：
(1) 兹申请刊登在……上的……工作。
I am writing to apply for the post of … advertised in …
(2) 见……上刊登的贵公司广告，我谨申请应聘贵公司的……职务。
In reply to your advertisement in …, I beg to apply for the post of … in your company.
(3) 看到贵公司在报上招聘……的广告，我马上感到这正是我这段时间所要寻找的工作，并且我能胜任。
Immediately I saw your advertisement in the paper for …I felt it was just the kind of post for which I have the qualifications and for which I have been looking for some time.
(4) 我想申请入贵校学习。
I would like to apply for admission to your college.
(5) 我想在贵校……系继续深造。
I would like to further my studies in …Department of your university.
第二部分：介绍详情
套语：
(1) 我的专业是……，我了解贵校在上述领域有极好的项目。
My major is…, and I understand your university has a good program in this field.
(2) ……年，我出生于……，毕业于……大学……专业。毕业后一直在……工作，因此积累了该领域丰富的经验。
Born in …in…, I graduated from…University majoring in …I have been working in …since my graduation, and I have therefore attained rich experience in this field.
(3) 毕业后，我先担任……，随后担任……，现任职于……
Upon graduation, I first worked as … The following job was …and currently I am working for/in …
(4) 我现在就读于北京第二外国语学院英语专业，即将毕业。
I am now studying at Beijing Second Foreign Language Institute and will soon be graduated as an English major.
第三部分：说明申请该职位或学校的原因
套语：
(1) 贵公司目前做的这种工作特别使我感兴趣。
The kind of work in which your company is engaged particularly interests me.
(2) 我认为我具备了报上刊登的贵公司……一职所要求的必要条件和经验。
I feel I have the necessary qualifications and experience needed for the position of …advertised in the newspaper.
(3) 受我所学课程的影响，我对饭店、酒店管理产生了浓厚的兴趣。
Under the influence of the courses I have taken, I have developed a special interest in Restaurant and Hotel Management.
第四部分：恳请招聘单位或所申请的学校考虑自己的申请，并表示谢意，期望回复
套语：
(1) 如能尽快回复，我将不胜感激。
Your early response will be much appreciated.
(2) 希望贵校能给我寄来空白申请表。
I hope you will kindly send me an application form.
(3) 如能收到所需的申请表和有关入学的指南我将十分感激。
I would greatly appreciate receiving copies of the required application forms and any instructions you may be so kind as to give me regarding my possible admission.
(4) 希望同意面试，届时我可以更详细地说明我的技能。
I hope I may be granted an interview, when I can explain my qualifications more fully.
(5) 我将乐意在您方便时接受面试，届时我将进一步介绍自己。
I should be pleased to attend for an interview at your convenience, when I could give you further details concerning myself.
四、单元必背语法篇
Grammar “将来时”的表达法
(一)当句子涉及确切的计划、明确的意图或为将来安排好的活动时，常见的用现在进行时表将来的动作的动词有：come, go, arrive, leave, start, return, meet, get, fly, take, take off等位移动词
Betty is_leaving for Guangzhou by plane at 3：00 this afternoon.
贝蒂今天下午3点将乘飞机去广州。
When are you starting off
你什么时候动身？
(二)非位移动词的进行时表示将来
现在进行时表示将来除使用位移动词外，也可使用某些非位移动词，如do, buy, meet, have, play, publish等，此时句中一般要有表示将来的时间状语。
The young man is_meeting his girlfriend this afternoon.
这个年轻人今天下午要去见他的女朋友。
I am_publishing a book this year.
我打算今年出一本书。
What are_you_doing next Sunday
下周日你打算干什么？
1．will/shall do表示单纯的将来时，是对未来事情发生的一种“预见性”。
Mr Black will_leave for Shanghai next week.
布莱克先生下周要到上海去。
I will/shall_be in Paris this time tomorrow.
明天这个时候我就在巴黎了。
2．be going to do表示打算最近或将来要做的事情；还可以表示说话者根据现在的迹象或征兆“预测”不久即将发生的事情。
Look！It is_going_to rain.
看！要下雨了。
3．be to do表示按计划或安排将要发生的动作；表示注定会发生的动作；表示命令、禁止、可能性等。
You are_to_be back by 10 o'clock in the evening.
你必须在晚上十点之前回来。
His plan is_to_be a failure.
他的计划注定要失败。
4．be about to do表示就要/正要做，指眼前的将来，常用于“be about to do ... when ... ”句型，意为“正要做……这时……”。
We are_about_to_start.
我们就要出发了。
I was_about_to_go to bed when the telephone rang.
我正要上床睡觉，这时电话响了。
5．一般现在时表示将来，有两种情况。
(1)常用于表示按计划、按规定或是按时刻表将进行的未来动作，仅限于一些位移动词，如go, come, leave, start, arrive, return, begin等
The train leaves at six tomorrow morning.
火车明天早上六点开。
When does the bus start
公共汽车什么时候开？
(2)用于时间和条件状语从句中。
If you ask him, he will help you.
如果你请他帮忙，他会帮你的。
Wherever you go,_you should work hard.
无论你去哪儿，都要努力工作。
一轮复习夯实基础必背知识清单
专题03.必修第1册 Unit 2 Travelling Around
一、单元必背词汇篇
重点词汇 阅读单词——我会认 1．castle n．城堡；堡垒 2．visa n．签证 3．flat adj.平坦的；扁平的 n．公寓；单元房 4．empire n．帝国 5．emperor n．皇帝 6．brochure n．资料(或广告)手册 7．package n．包裹；包装盒 vt.将……包装好 8．civilisation n．文明；文明世界 9．BCE(＝before the Common Era)公元前 10．tomb n．坟墓 11．unearth vt.挖掘；发掘 12．Disneyland迪士尼乐园 13．Spain西班牙(国家名) 14．Spanish n．西班牙语；西班牙人 adj.西班牙的 重点单词——我会写 1．rent vt.租用；出租 vi.租用；租金为 n．租金 2．pack vi.& vt.收拾(行李) vt.包装 n．(商品的)纸包；纸袋；大包 3．source n．来源；出处 4．narrow adj.狭窄的 vi.& vt.(使)变窄 5．site n．地点；位置；现场 6．type n．类型；种类 vi.& vt.打字 7．flight n．空中航行；航班；航程 8．unique adj.唯一的；独特的；特有的 9．path n．小路；路线；道路 10．destination n．目的地；终点 11．contact vt.联络；联系 n．联系；接触 12．soldier n．士兵；军人 13．transport n．交通运输系统 vt.运输；运送 14．hike vi.徒步旅行 vt.去……远足 n．远足；徒步旅行 15．credit n．借款；信用；称赞；学分 16．detail n．细节；详情；细微之处 17．request n．(正式或礼貌的)要求；请求 vt.(正式或礼貌地)要求；请求 18．view n．视野；景色；看法 19．sight n．景象；视野；视力 20．comment n．议论；评论 vi.& vt.发表意见；评论
词汇拓展 1．apply vi.& vt.申请 vt.应用；涂→application n．申请；应用→applicant n．申请人 2．amazing adj.令人惊奇的→amazed adj.惊奇的→amaze vt.使惊奇→amazement n．惊奇；惊喜 3．arrangement n．安排；筹备→arrange vt.& vi.安排；筹备 4．extremely adv.极其；非常→extreme adj.极其的；极度的 5．powerful adj.强有力的；有权势的→power n．能力；力量；权力→powerless adj.无力的；无能的 6．official adj.官方的；正式的 n．官员→office n．办公室→officer n．军官 7．recognise vt.辨别出；承认；认可→recognition n．承认；认可 8．accommodation n．住处；膳宿→accommodate vt.提供住处 9．admire vt.钦佩；赞赏→admiration n．崇拜；赞赏→admirable adj.令人赞赏的 10．architecture n．建筑设计；建筑学→architect n．建筑设计师 11．economy n．经济；节约→economic adj.经济(上)的；经济学的
重点词组 1．apply for申请 2．take control of控制；接管 3．other than除……以外 4．make up构成；形成 5．credit card信用卡 6．check in(在旅馆、机场等)登记 7．check out结账离开(旅馆等)
重点句型 1．It is for this reason that Spanish is the main official language of Peru. 正是由于这个原因西班牙语是秘鲁的一门主要的官方语言。 2．Especially amazing is the Incas’ dry stone method of building. 特别令人惊叹的是印加人的干式石头搭砌的建造方法。 3．Inca builders cut stones to exact sizes so that nothing was needed to hold walls together other than the perfect fit of the stones. 印加的建筑工人将石头切割成精确的尺寸，仅仅凭着石头间的完美契合，即可稳固墙体。 4．Each statue has a different face，leading researchers to believe that each one is a copy of a real soldier. 每尊雕像都有一张不同的脸，这使得研究人员相信每尊雕像都是一个真实士兵的复制品。 5．However，no one in modern times knew about the tomb or the terracotta statues until 1974，when some farmers discovered the tomb while they were digging a well! 然而，直到1974年，一些农民在挖井时发现了这座陵墓，现代人才知道了这座陵墓和兵马俑！
单元必背文章篇
Passage 1
Peru lies on the Pacific coast of South America with three main areas: the land running along the coast, the Andes Mountains, and the Amazon rainforest. In the 1400s and 1500s, Peru was the centre of the powerful ancient Inca Empire, whose emperor lived in the site Machu Picchu. In the 16th century, Spain took control of Peru. In Amazon Rainforest, you take a boat to reach your accommodation. Three days will witness the unique plants and animals there. Four days' walking on the path through the Andes Mountains leads to Machu Picchu. You'll be amazed by this destination. Especially amazing is the Incas' dry stone method of building. Stones are cut in exact sizes to hold walls together other than the perfect fit. In Cusco, you must admire architecture. In Lake Titicaca, the island and local homes are made of water plants from the lake.
秘鲁是位于南美洲太平洋沿岸的一个国家，由三个主要地区构成：沿海地区，安第斯山脉和亚马孙热带雨林。在15至16世纪期间，秘鲁曾是强大的古印加帝国的中心。印加帝王就住在马丘比丘。西班牙在16世纪掌控秘鲁。在亚马逊雨林，你可以乘船到达你的住处。三天将见证那里独特的植物和动物。在安第斯山脉的小路上走四天就到了马丘比丘。你会对这个目的地感到惊讶的。尤其令人惊讶的是印加人用干石头建造的方法。石头被切割成精确的尺寸来固定墙壁，而不是完美的配合。在库斯科，你必须欣赏建筑。在喀喀湖，岛屿和按当地的住宅都是由湖中的水生植物制成。
Passage 2
Richard is enjoying himself in China and fitting in now. Over the October holiday, he plans to visit the Terracotta Army with his parents. He can't wait for it. The story of the Terracotta Army seems almost unbelievable to him. More than 8,000 statues stand there and still no one in modern times knew about them until the 1970s. Then they'll also visit several other places in Xi'an. Shanxi History Museum is included,because his father is a big fan of history and this museum is known as a "Chinese treasure house".Visiting Xi'an City Wall is a must. They'll set out the day before the October holiday begins by train. As scheduled, they'll start sightseeing the moment they arrive!
理查德现在很享受在中国的生活，也很适应。在10月的假期里，他计划和父母一起参观兵马俑。他迫不及待了。在他看来，兵马俑的故事几乎令人难以置信。这里有8000多尊雕像，直到20世纪70年代才有人知道它们。然后他们还将参观西安的其他几个地方。陕西历史博物馆被包括在内，因为他的父亲是一个历史迷，这个博物馆被称为“中国的宝库”。参观西安城墙是必需的。他们将在十月假期开始的前一天乘火车出发。按照计划，他们一到就会开始观光！
三、单元必背写作素材篇
申请信
必备词汇
必备词汇
1.apply for 申请
2.graduate from 毕业于
3.major in 主修
4.be skilled in/a... 在……方面熟练
5.be good at..…/be expert in.. 擅长/精通于……
6.have a good command/knowledge 掌握/能驾驭
7.be competent for. 胜任
8.be fit/suitable for/be qualified for 适合/有……的资格
9.have rich working experience 有丰富的工作经验
10.cooperate with 与（某人）协作，合作
11.come out top 名列前茅
12.be bound to... 肯定，注定，必定
13.good grades 良好的成绩
14.be paid by the hour 按小时发工资
15.present address 现在的通讯地址
16.working experience 工作经历
17.a win-win activity 一个双赢的活动
高分句式
第一部分：说明写信的目的
套语：
(1) 兹申请刊登在……上的……工作。
I am writing to apply for the post of … advertised in …
(2) 见……上刊登的贵公司广告，我谨申请应聘贵公司的……职务。
In reply to your advertisement in …, I beg to apply for the post of … in your company.
(3) 看到贵公司在报上招聘……的广告，我马上感到这正是我这段时间所要寻找的工作，并且我能胜任。
Immediately I saw your advertisement in the paper for …I felt it was just the kind of post for which I have the qualifications and for which I have been looking for some time.
(4) 我想申请入贵校学习。
I would like to apply for admission to your college.
(5) 我想在贵校……系继续深造。
I would like to further my studies in …Department of your university.
第二部分：介绍详情
套语：
(1) 我的专业是……，我了解贵校在上述领域有极好的项目。
My major is…, and I understand your university has a good program in this field.
(2) ……年，我出生于……，毕业于……大学……专业。毕业后一直在……工作，因此积累了该领域丰富的经验。
Born in …in…, I graduated from…University majoring in …I have been working in …since my graduation, and I have therefore attained rich experience in this field.
(3) 毕业后，我先担任……，随后担任……，现任职于……
Upon graduation, I first worked as … The following job was …and currently I am working for/in …
(4) 我现在就读于北京第二外国语学院英语专业，即将毕业。
I am now studying at Beijing Second Foreign Language Institute and will soon be graduated as an English major.
第三部分：说明申请该职位或学校的原因
套语：
(1) 贵公司目前做的这种工作特别使我感兴趣。
The kind of work in which your company is engaged particularly interests me.
(2) 我认为我具备了报上刊登的贵公司……一职所要求的必要条件和经验。
I feel I have the necessary qualifications and experience needed for the position of …advertised in the newspaper.
(3) 受我所学课程的影响，我对饭店、酒店管理产生了浓厚的兴趣。
Under the influence of the courses I have taken, I have developed a special interest in Restaurant and Hotel Management.
第四部分：恳请招聘单位或所申请的学校考虑自己的申请，并表示谢意，期望回复
套语：
(1) 如能尽快回复，我将不胜感激。
Your early response will be much appreciated.
(2) 希望贵校能给我寄来空白申请表。
I hope you will kindly send me an application form.
(3) 如能收到所需的申请表和有关入学的指南我将十分感激。
I would greatly appreciate receiving copies of the required application forms and any instructions you may be so kind as to give me regarding my possible admission.
(4) 希望同意面试，届时我可以更详细地说明我的技能。
I hope I may be granted an interview, when I can explain my qualifications more fully.
(5) 我将乐意在您方便时接受面试，届时我将进一步介绍自己。
I should be pleased to attend for an interview at your convenience, when I could give you further details concerning myself.
四、单元必背语法篇
Grammar “将来时”的表达法
(一)当句子涉及确切的计划、明确的意图或为将来安排好的活动时，常见的用现在进行时表将来的动作的动词有：come, go, arrive, leave, start, return, meet, get, fly, take, take off等位移动词
Betty is_leaving for Guangzhou by plane at 3：00 this afternoon.
贝蒂今天下午3点将乘飞机去广州。
When are you starting off
你什么时候动身？
(二)非位移动词的进行时表示将来
现在进行时表示将来除使用位移动词外，也可使用某些非位移动词，如do, buy, meet, have, play, publish等，此时句中一般要有表示将来的时间状语。
The young man is_meeting his girlfriend this afternoon.
这个年轻人今天下午要去见他的女朋友。
I am_publishing a book this year.
我打算今年出一本书。
What are_you_doing next Sunday
下周日你打算干什么？
1．will/shall do表示单纯的将来时，是对未来事情发生的一种“预见性”。
Mr Black will_leave for Shanghai next week.
布莱克先生下周要到上海去。
I will/shall_be in Paris this time tomorrow.
明天这个时候我就在巴黎了。
2．be going to do表示打算最近或将来要做的事情；还可以表示说话者根据现在的迹象或征兆“预测”不久即将发生的事情。
Look！It is_going_to rain.
看！要下雨了。
3．be to do表示按计划或安排将要发生的动作；表示注定会发生的动作；表示命令、禁止、可能性等。
You are_to_be back by 10 o'clock in the evening.
你必须在晚上十点之前回来。
His plan is_to_be a failure.
他的计划注定要失败。
4．be about to do表示就要/正要做，指眼前的将来，常用于“be about to do ... when ... ”句型，意为“正要做……这时……”。
We are_about_to_start.
我们就要出发了。
I was_about_to_go to bed when the telephone rang.
我正要上床睡觉，这时电话响了。
5．一般现在时表示将来，有两种情况。
(1)常用于表示按计划、按规定或是按时刻表将进行的未来动作，仅限于一些位移动词，如go, come, leave, start, arrive, return, begin等
The train leaves at six tomorrow morning.
火车明天早上六点开。
When does the bus start
公共汽车什么时候开？
(2)用于时间和条件状语从句中。
If you ask him, he will help you.
如果你请他帮忙，他会帮你的。
Wherever you go,_you should work hard.
无论你去哪儿，都要努力工作。