人教版九年级全册英语 Unit 6 When was it invented？Section A Grammar focus 4a-4c 教案

Unit 6 When was it invented
Section A 3 (Grammar Focus-4c)
一、教学目标：
1. 语言知识目标：
1) 学习掌握下列词汇：fridge, low, somebody, translate, lock, earthquake, sudden, all
of a sudden, biscuit, cookie, instrument
2）进行一步复习巩固学习Section A 部分所学的生词和词组。
3）进一步学习运用一般过去时态的被动语态。
4) 掌握主动语态变被动语态的方法，并通过不同方式的练习，来熟练运用。
2. 情感态度价值观目标：
培养想象力，善于观察事物。面对难题，用积极的态度去解决，发挥想象力，认识世界，改造世界。
二、教学重难点
1. 教学重点：
1) 学习生词fridge, low, somebody, translate, lock, earthquake, sudden, all of a sudden, biscuit, cookie, instrument
2) 复习巩固Section A 部分所学的生词和词组，达到熟练运用的目标。
2. 教学难点：
1) 一般过去时态的句子变为被动语态。
2) 综合运用所学的知识进行练习运用。
三、教学过程
Ⅰ. Revision
1. Have a dictation of the new words have learned in the last class.
2. Review some main phrases we have learned in the last class. Check the homework.
Ⅱ. Lead-in
Watch a video and observe the use of Passive voice.
Ⅲ. Grammar Focus.
1. 学生阅读Grammar Focus中的句子，然后做填空练习。
① 拉链是什么时候被发明的？
______ _____ the zipper ________
② 它于1893年被发明。
It ______ _________ in 1893.
③ 它是由谁发明的？
______ _____ it invented ______
④ 它是由惠特科姆 贾得森发明的。
It _____ _______ _____ Whitcomb Judson.
⑤ 茶叶什么时候被带到朝鲜的？
_____ ______tea ________ to Korea
⑥ 茶叶在六到七世纪之间被带到朝鲜。
It _____ _______ to Korea ________the 6th and 7th centuries.
⑦ 热冰淇淋勺用来做什么？
What ____ the hot ice-cream _____ _____
⑧ 它用来盛很凉的冰淇淋。
It’s _____ ______ ______ really cold ice-cream.
⑨ 电话机在1876年被贝尔所发明。
The telephone _____ ________ _____ Alexander Graham Bell in 1876.
⑩ 贝尔于1876年发明了电话机。
Alexander Graham Bell _________ the telephone in 1876.
2. 学生们根据记忆，看大屏幕来完成填空练习。
3. 学生们完成填空试题后，可以打开课本检查答案，对错误的句子，单独进行强化记忆。
Ⅳ. Grammar
被动语态(Passive Voice)表示句子的主语是动作的接受者或受影响者。被动语态的基本动词形式是be+v-ed。通过改变be的时态，可以构成不同时态的被动语态。
一般过去时的被动语态，其构成为：was / were+及物动词的过去分词。
一般过去时被动语态的几种句型:
1) 肯定句: 主语 + was/were + V-ed + (by…)
The news was published by the government.
2) 否定句: 主语 + was/were + not + V-ed + (by…)
The news wasn’t published by the government.
3) 一般疑问句: Was/Were + 主语 + V-ed + (by…)
Was the news published by the government
4) 特殊疑问句: 疑问词 + was/were + 主语 + V-ed + (by…)
When was the news published by the government
1. “不及物动词+介词 / 副词”构成的短语动词，变成被动句时，要把它们作为整体看待，介词或副词不可与其动词拆开或漏掉。如：
Our homework was handed in yesterday afternoon.
The house was fixed up by my father.
2. 含有双宾语的主动句变被动句时，可将主动句中的直接宾语或间接宾语变为被
动句中的主语。如果把主动句中的直接宾语(指物)变为被动句中的主语，则需在
间接宾语(指人)前加适当的介词to或for。如:
主动结构：
Danny gave me a ticket just now.
被动结构：
A ticket was given to me by Danny just now. (直接宾语作主语)
I was given a ticket by Danny just now. (间接宾语作主语)
3. 有些动词常用其主动形式表示被动意义，如sell, wash, write等和表示感觉、知
觉的系动词feel, sound, taste, smell等。如：
This kind of dress sells well.
The fish tastes very delicious.
4. 在主动句中, 使役动词(如make等)和感官动词 (如see, watch, notice, hear等)后
面常接不带to的动词不定式作宾语补足语; 但在被动句中，这些词后面的动词
不定式都需要带to。如：
The boss made us work for ten hours today.
→We were made to work for ten hours today by the boss.
Mom heard Ben sing in the next room.
→Ben was heard to sing in the next room by Mom.
顺口溜：感官动词
一感二听三让四看
主动句中to 离开，被动句中to回来
【运用】
Ⅰ. 单项选择
1. He Jiang _________ to give a speech at the graduation ceremony at Harvard
University last month.
A. invites B. invited C. is invited D. was invited
2. Last week the old books _________ to raise money for Free the Children.
A. sold B. are sold C. were sold
3. These beautiful photos _________ by my brother. I took them.
A. are taken B. aren’t taken C. were taken D. weren’t taken
Keys: DCC
Ⅱ. 句型转换
1. A middle school student invented a new robot last term. (改为被动语态)
A new robot ___ _________ by a middle school student last term.
2. The boss in this factory made the workers work for 12 hours a day in the past. (改为被动语态)
The workers in this factory _____ made ___ work for 12 hours a day in the past.
Keys: was invented; were to
Ⅲ. 汉译英
1. 刚才，摄影比赛的结果张贴在布告板上了，我们去看看吧！
______________________________________
______________________________________.
Let’s go and have a look!
2. 上周，他被选中在那部电影中主演一名警察。
______________________________________
______________________________________.
3. 你知道火车是什么时候发明的吗？
______________________________________
Keys: 1. The result of the photo competition was put up on the notice board just now.
2. Last week, he was chosen to play the lead role of a policeman in that film / movie.
3. Do you know when the train was invented
Ⅴ. Practice
1. Work on 4a:
Read the sentences in 4a and rewrite the sentences using the passive voice.
2. Work on 4b:
Complete the sentences with correct forms of the verbs in the box.
eat, like, invite, tell, lock, ring, break, bring
1) You ____________ to the party last night, weren’t you Why didn’t you go
2) The earthquake happened all of a sudden, but luckily the villagers _____________ to a safe place.
3) The door ___________ when we arrived, so we ______ the bell.
4) The students ___________ not to eat or drink in class, but Ruby ______ the rule when she started eating a biscuit in science class.
5) The cookies __________ by the hungry kids in less than 20 minutes, and they really _____ them.
3. Work on 4c:
Decide whether active or passive forms should be used in these sentences. Write the correct forms in the blanks.
The telephone ______________ (invent) by Alexander Graham Bell. He __________ (born) in 1847. Mr. Bell ________ (work) on the invention of the telephone with Thomas Watson.
In 1875, Mr. Bell _________ (learn) how to send musical notes through an instrument similar to a telephone. Finally, the telephone _____________ (invent) in 1876. The first sentence that _________ (say) on the telephone by Mr. Bell was “Mr. Watson, come here; I want to see you.” Today the telephone ________ (use) around the world.
VI. Exercises
根据短文内容及括号内所给动词的提示，用正确的时态和语态补全短文，使短文完整、通顺。
A billion cans or bottles of Coca-Cola (1) __________ (drink) every day all over the world!
This famous drink (2) ____________ (invent) in 1886 by an American chemist (药剂师), Dr. John Pemberton, in Atlanta, USA. He (3) ________ (call) it a health drink. At first, it (4) __________ (make) from the cola nut and coca plant. Pemberton's partner, Frank Robinson, (5) ________ (give) it the name “Coca-Cola”.
The business didn't start well. In the first year, only nine drinks a day (6) __________ (sell). In 1888, the business (7) ___________ (buy) by a man named Asa Candler. He (8) ________ (open) the first factory, in Texas,
in 1895. Since then, billions and billions of gallons (加仑) have been sold in over 200 countries.
Coca-Cola (9) ____ still _______ (make) in that factory in Texas today.