高中英语高考【讲语法】08 主谓一致语法知识点梳理课件（全国通用）(19张ppt)
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| 名称 | 高中英语高考【讲语法】08 主谓一致语法知识点梳理课件（全国通用）(19张ppt) |  | |
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| 科目 | 英语 | ||
| 更新时间 | 2022-11-19 13:02:23 | ||
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(共19张PPT)
高考英语语法
CONTENTS
十大词类与构词法
02
动词及动词时态
04
非谓语动词
08
名词性从句
09
情态动词、虚拟语气
11
倒装句和强调句
12
高考语法体系
01
句子成分和五种基本句型
03
被动语态
06
定语从句
07
状语从句
10
主谓一致
05
Lesson 5
主谓一致
1 Both girls has their own hobbies.
2 The class is busy writing English passages.
3 Neither you nor I are wrong .
have
are
am
Correct mistakes？
什么是主谓一致？
例句：①He often helps me. ②They often help me.
主单，谓单（V-s）
主复，谓复
定义：主谓一致指主语和谓语在数上要保持前后一致，主语的单复数形式决定了谓语动词的形式。
【原则1】语法一致
谓语V.的单复数形式与主语在 上保持一致。
John (get) up at six o'clock every morning.
【原则2】意义一致
谓语V.的单复数形式与主语在 上保持一致。
The crowd (be) surrounding a lovely dog.
【原则3】就近一致
谓语V.的单复数形式与 的主语保持一致。
There (be) a pen and two books on the desk.
Nancy as well as you diligent.
【原则4】就远一致
gets
are
is
形式
意义
靠近谓语
is
主谓一致
基本原则
语法一致
就近一致
意义一致
就远一致
语法一致指主语和谓语在语法形式上保持一致。主语是复数，谓语也用复数形式，
主语是单数，谓语要用单数形式。
John (get) up at six o'clock every morning.
Water (be) the source of life.
This piece of furniture (have) been bought by me.
The boy (be) lost in the forest yesterday.
My sisters (do) not like playing football.
gets
is
has
was
do
①Everyone ________(be) here.
is
1.复合不定代词something，someone，nothing, everything, everyone等做主语，谓语动词用单数。
2.many a +n， more than one +n做主语，谓语动词用单数。
①Many a student____(like) English.
②More than one student ____(have) failed the exam.
likes
has
3. and连接的两个词做主语表示同一个人或物，或不可分割的整体时，
谓语动词用单数形式
A needle and thread ____(be) needed to repair your shoes now.
is
war and peace, bread and butter, knife and fork
4.不定式，动名词或从句作主语，谓语动词用单数。
Watching movies ___(be) her hobby.
What he said ___ true.
is
1.1 语法一致
5.名词复数+each作主语，谓语动词用复数。each of+名词复数作主语，谓语动词用单数。
①Each of the students______(have) an apple.
②The students each _______(have) an apple.
has
have
is
1.2 意义一致
意义一致指谓语动词的单复数由主语的意义决定。有时主语形式上是单数,但意义上却是复数,那么谓语应用复数，反之亦然。
1.单数形式兼具单复数意义:
家庭 VS 家人 班级 VS 全班同学
小组 VS 组员 团队 VS 队员
Her family (be) very big with 10 people.
Her family (be) having dinner.
The team (have) 11 players.
The team (be) tall and strong.
family
class
group
team
is
are
has
are
表示整个整体, 谓语V. 用单数; 表示所有成员, 谓语V. 用复数。
2. 复数形式表示单数意义：
①学科名/国名/书名等：
I think that maths (be) very difficult to learn.
Great Expectations (be) written by Charles Dickens in 1860.
②单位数量：时间、距离、长度、金钱、重量
Ten dollars (be) enough for him.
Five minutes (be) not enough to finish this work.
maths(数学) politics(政治) physics(物理) news(新闻)
the United States (美国) Times《时代》
is
is
is
is
谓V. 用单数。
3. 单复数同形：
Every possible means (have) been tried.
All possible means (have) been tried.
That fish (be) very fresh.
Several fish (be) caught yesterday.
has
have
means (方法）species (物种; 种类）
fish (几条鱼）deer (鹿）sheep (绵羊）
is
were
表示单数意义, 谓V. 用单数; 表示复数意义, 谓V. 用复数。
4. the + 形容词/ 过去分词 表示 “一类人”：
The rich (be) not always happier than the poor.
The sick in the accident (have) been taken to the hospital.
The injured (be) rescued(营救) from the ruins(废墟) last night.
the+形容词:
the+过去分词:
the injured 受伤者 the lost 失踪者 the unemployed 失业者
the rich 富人 / the poor 穷人 the old 老人/the young 年轻人
are
have
were
谓V. 用复数。
1.2 意义一致
5. some/most/the rest/分数/百分数+of+名词 ,
Most of the workers (be) in support of the plan.
Most of the water in the bottle (be) drank by the boy yesterday.
The rest of the money (be) given to my mother yesterday.
The rest of the apples (be) eaten by my sister last night.
One third of the project (have) been finished up to now.
Eighty five percent of the students (have) finished their homework.
are
was
was
were
has
have
谓V. 与of 后的名词保持一致。
6. 由两部分够成的名词如trousers, glasses, socks, shoes等词作主语，谓语动词用复数，但若用a pair of 修饰时，谓语用单数。
The shoes are very beautiful. The pair of shoes needs cleaning.
Not the mother but the children (be) the cook yesterday.
Neither Jane nor I (have) finished the homework.
Not only you but also your grandpa (enjoy) swimming.
Not my friend but I (be) intend to study abroad.
There ____(lie) a park and two shops behind the school.
were
have
enjoys
am
谓语动词的单复数形式取决于最靠近它的主语。 通常以or , either …or, neither…nor,
not only…but also，not…but, there be句型等连接的两个主语为主。
1.3 就近一致
lies
A woman with some children ______(be) coming soon.
My father, together with his workmates, (have) been to Beijing.
No one except my parents (know) anything about this.
All but one (be) killed in the accident yesterday.
The teacher as well as the students (have) read the book already.
is
has
knows
were
has
1.4 就远一致
谓语的单复数形式应与离谓语较远的主语保持一致. 常用于含with / along with / together with / including / but / except / like / among / as well as / no more than / besides / rather than等的句型中。
高考英语语法
CONTENTS
十大词类与构词法
02
动词及动词时态
04
非谓语动词
08
名词性从句
09
情态动词、虚拟语气
11
倒装句和强调句
12
高考语法体系
01
句子成分和五种基本句型
03
被动语态
06
定语从句
07
状语从句
10
主谓一致
05
Lesson 5
主谓一致
1 Both girls has their own hobbies.
2 The class is busy writing English passages.
3 Neither you nor I are wrong .
have
are
am
Correct mistakes？
什么是主谓一致？
例句：①He often helps me. ②They often help me.
主单，谓单（V-s）
主复，谓复
定义：主谓一致指主语和谓语在数上要保持前后一致，主语的单复数形式决定了谓语动词的形式。
【原则1】语法一致
谓语V.的单复数形式与主语在 上保持一致。
John (get) up at six o'clock every morning.
【原则2】意义一致
谓语V.的单复数形式与主语在 上保持一致。
The crowd (be) surrounding a lovely dog.
【原则3】就近一致
谓语V.的单复数形式与 的主语保持一致。
There (be) a pen and two books on the desk.
Nancy as well as you diligent.
【原则4】就远一致
gets
are
is
形式
意义
靠近谓语
is
主谓一致
基本原则
语法一致
就近一致
意义一致
就远一致
语法一致指主语和谓语在语法形式上保持一致。主语是复数，谓语也用复数形式，
主语是单数，谓语要用单数形式。
John (get) up at six o'clock every morning.
Water (be) the source of life.
This piece of furniture (have) been bought by me.
The boy (be) lost in the forest yesterday.
My sisters (do) not like playing football.
gets
is
has
was
do
①Everyone ________(be) here.
is
1.复合不定代词something，someone，nothing, everything, everyone等做主语，谓语动词用单数。
2.many a +n， more than one +n做主语，谓语动词用单数。
①Many a student____(like) English.
②More than one student ____(have) failed the exam.
likes
has
3. and连接的两个词做主语表示同一个人或物，或不可分割的整体时，
谓语动词用单数形式
A needle and thread ____(be) needed to repair your shoes now.
is
war and peace, bread and butter, knife and fork
4.不定式，动名词或从句作主语，谓语动词用单数。
Watching movies ___(be) her hobby.
What he said ___ true.
is
1.1 语法一致
5.名词复数+each作主语，谓语动词用复数。each of+名词复数作主语，谓语动词用单数。
①Each of the students______(have) an apple.
②The students each _______(have) an apple.
has
have
is
1.2 意义一致
意义一致指谓语动词的单复数由主语的意义决定。有时主语形式上是单数,但意义上却是复数,那么谓语应用复数，反之亦然。
1.单数形式兼具单复数意义:
家庭 VS 家人 班级 VS 全班同学
小组 VS 组员 团队 VS 队员
Her family (be) very big with 10 people.
Her family (be) having dinner.
The team (have) 11 players.
The team (be) tall and strong.
family
class
group
team
is
are
has
are
表示整个整体, 谓语V. 用单数; 表示所有成员, 谓语V. 用复数。
2. 复数形式表示单数意义：
①学科名/国名/书名等：
I think that maths (be) very difficult to learn.
Great Expectations (be) written by Charles Dickens in 1860.
②单位数量：时间、距离、长度、金钱、重量
Ten dollars (be) enough for him.
Five minutes (be) not enough to finish this work.
maths(数学) politics(政治) physics(物理) news(新闻)
the United States (美国) Times《时代》
is
is
is
is
谓V. 用单数。
3. 单复数同形：
Every possible means (have) been tried.
All possible means (have) been tried.
That fish (be) very fresh.
Several fish (be) caught yesterday.
has
have
means (方法）species (物种; 种类）
fish (几条鱼）deer (鹿）sheep (绵羊）
is
were
表示单数意义, 谓V. 用单数; 表示复数意义, 谓V. 用复数。
4. the + 形容词/ 过去分词 表示 “一类人”：
The rich (be) not always happier than the poor.
The sick in the accident (have) been taken to the hospital.
The injured (be) rescued(营救) from the ruins(废墟) last night.
the+形容词:
the+过去分词:
the injured 受伤者 the lost 失踪者 the unemployed 失业者
the rich 富人 / the poor 穷人 the old 老人/the young 年轻人
are
have
were
谓V. 用复数。
1.2 意义一致
5. some/most/the rest/分数/百分数+of+名词 ,
Most of the workers (be) in support of the plan.
Most of the water in the bottle (be) drank by the boy yesterday.
The rest of the money (be) given to my mother yesterday.
The rest of the apples (be) eaten by my sister last night.
One third of the project (have) been finished up to now.
Eighty five percent of the students (have) finished their homework.
are
was
was
were
has
have
谓V. 与of 后的名词保持一致。
6. 由两部分够成的名词如trousers, glasses, socks, shoes等词作主语，谓语动词用复数，但若用a pair of 修饰时，谓语用单数。
The shoes are very beautiful. The pair of shoes needs cleaning.
Not the mother but the children (be) the cook yesterday.
Neither Jane nor I (have) finished the homework.
Not only you but also your grandpa (enjoy) swimming.
Not my friend but I (be) intend to study abroad.
There ____(lie) a park and two shops behind the school.
were
have
enjoys
am
谓语动词的单复数形式取决于最靠近它的主语。 通常以or , either …or, neither…nor,
not only…but also，not…but, there be句型等连接的两个主语为主。
1.3 就近一致
lies
A woman with some children ______(be) coming soon.
My father, together with his workmates, (have) been to Beijing.
No one except my parents (know) anything about this.
All but one (be) killed in the accident yesterday.
The teacher as well as the students (have) read the book already.
is
has
knows
were
has
1.4 就远一致
谓语的单复数形式应与离谓语较远的主语保持一致. 常用于含with / along with / together with / including / but / except / like / among / as well as / no more than / besides / rather than等的句型中。