人教版2019)(选择性必修第三册Unit 3 Environmental Protection Words and expressions 课件(68张ppt)

(共68张PPT)
Unit 3
单词精讲
graph /ɡrɑ f/ [C]曲线(图);图表
emission [i m n]
①[U][正式用语](光、热、气等的)散发;发出;排放:
②[C][常用复数]排放物;散发物
the emission of carbon dioxide into the atmosphere 向大气排放二氧化碳
melt/melt/ vi. &vt. (使)融化；熔化；软化
make sth. melt使某物融化
snow/ice/metal melt冰、雪、金属融化
melt into sth. 融化成某物
a melting pot 大熔炉
1. How do I make it melt
2. Put the chocolate into your mouth and it will melt soon.
3. The high temperature here will soon make the ice melt.
4. Spring is here and snow is melting.
5. This chocolate bar has melted into liquid.
starve /stɑ v/vi.&vt. (使)挨饿; 饿死
【知识拓展】
(1)starve for　　　　 渴望, 极想得到
starve to death 饿死
(2) starvation n. 挨饿
(3)starving adj. 极想的, 渴望的
be starving for 渴望得到某物
【语境助记starve】
The starvation is still a very serious problem today. It’s said that one in seven people in the world is starving. Fortunately, the UN has taken a lot of measures to protect them from being starved to death.
今天饥饿仍然是一个非常严重的问题。据说世界上七分之一的人在挨饿。幸运的是, 联合国已经采取了很多措施来保护他们免于饿死。
【即学即用】语法填空
(1)The lonely student is __________(starve) for friendship.
(2)When the two men entered into the deserted island, they got lost and starved ___ death.
(3)Millions of people will face__________(starve) next year as a result of the drought.
starving
to
starvation
完成句子
(1)I’m ________________ such a chance.
我非常渴望这样一个机会。
(2)I shall never ________________ .
我永远都不会让自己的孩子们挨饿。
(3)They tried to __________ the solder __________ giving up.
他们尝试逼迫这位战士投降。
(4)He isn’t free and he ________________ enough time for so
much work.
他没有空闲时间，他渴望有足够多的时间来做这么多的工作。
starving for　
starve my children
starve
into　
is starved for
seal/si l/ [C]海豹
①印记;图章
seal cutting 篆刻
a document under sb's hand and seal
由某人亲自签名盖章的文件
②封蜡;封条;封口胶带
the seal of a letter 信的封口处
③密封;封;盖章于
Wang believes traditions should not be sealed in glass boxes at museums.
王认为传统不应该被封存在博物馆的玻璃盒子里。
ecology /i'k l d /[U]生态;生态学
eco-(环境的、生态的)+-logy(学)
release/r li s/
①放开;松开
Don 't release the rope. 别松开绳子。
②释放;排放
release a prisoner 释放囚犯
The factory keeps releasing smoke, making the air dirty.
这座工厂不停地排放烟雾，污染了空气。
③首映(电影);发行(CD、书等);发布(新闻等)
release a movie /new version
发行影片/发布新版本
④发泄；宣泄
Physical exercise is a good way of releasing stress.
锻炼身体是释放压力的好方法。
⑤解雇
用作名词
① [U][可用单数]放走;释放;排放;宣泄:
a release from prison 从狱中释放
②[U][可用单数]发行;发布:
The software is planned for release in April.该软件计划于四月份发布
③[C]发行的影片等;发布的新闻等
the latest release 最新发行的产品
完成句子
(1)The ceasefire resolution calls for ________________ all
prisoners of war. 停火决议要求释放所有战俘。
(2)The winners will get a chance to ____________________ .
获胜者将有机会发行他们的新书。
(3)The seas store heat and ________________ gradually during
cold periods.
海洋储存热量，并在寒冷季节里慢慢地把它释放出来。
(4)He ________________ the prison last month.
他上个月被释放出狱了。
(5)A lot of poisonous gases __________________ the atmosphere.
大量的有毒气体被排放到了大气中。
the release of
release their new books
release it
was released from
were released into
methane[ mi θe n]甲烷;沼气
carbon / kɑ b n/ n.碳
carbon footprint 碳足迹;碳排放量
dioxide /da ksa d/ [C] &[U]二氧化物:
carbon dioxide 二氧化碳
habitable [ h b t bl] adj. 宜居的; 适合居住的
sustain /s ste n/ vt.维持；遭受；承受住
The massive increase in spending failed to sustain his life when he became seriously ill.
他病得很严重时，大量增加的开支也没能维持他的生命。
to sustain damage/an injury/a defeat 遭受损失/受伤/忍受失败.
The ice will not sustain your weight.这块冰承受不了你的体重。
sustainable adj. 可持续的;合理利用的
sustainable economic growth 经济的可持续增长
完成句子
(1)I’m afraid that this racer couldn’t ____________________ .
恐怕这位选手很难保持这个速度。
(2)The foundations were not strong enough to _________________
of the house. 这地基不够牢固，无法支撑房屋的重量。
(3)We need to ________________ in the afflicted area.
我们要支援灾区人民。
(4)How long will you _________________________ of your boss
对你上司的粗暴无礼，你能忍受多久？
(5)Adult offspring have the obligation to ________________ .
成年子女对父母有赡养扶助的义务。
sustain this speed
sustain the weight
sustain people
sustain the rudeness
sustain their parents
fossil [ f sl] 化石
fuel [ fju l] [C]&[U]燃料;[U]刺激性言行:
fossil fuel 化石燃料(如煤、石油等)
fuel vt & vi(给……)加燃料
fuel(up)a car 给车加油
comprehensive [ k mpr hens v] 全面的;详尽的;综合(性)的
worldwide
/ w ldwa d/ adv.遍及全球地 adj.世界各地的；影响全世界的
a worldwide organization 世界性的组织
trend /trend/ n.趋势；趋向；动向
~ (towards/in sth)趋势；趋向；倾向；动态；动向
a general direction in which a situation is changing or developing
economic/social/political trends 经济 / 社会 / 政治趋势
There is a growing trend towards earlier retirement.
提早退休者有增加的趋势。
current trends in language teaching当前语言教学的趋势
a downward/an upward trend in sales销售额下滑 / 上升的趋势
You seem to have set (= started) a new trend .
看来你们是开了一个新风气。
This trend is being reversed (= is going in the opposite direction) .这种倾向正在向相反的方向转变。
frequently adv. [ fri kw ntli] 频繁地;经常地
Buses run frequently between the city and the airline.
公共汽车频繁地来往于市区与航空公司之间
frequent adj. 频繁的;经常的;常见的
a frequent visitor to our house 我们家的常客
broadcast / br dkɑ st/ vt.& vi.(broadcast, broadcast )播送；广播；传播 n.广播节目；电视节目
The concert will be broadcast live tomorrow evening.
音乐会将于明晚现场直播。
a live broadcast of the concert 音乐会的现场直播 (broadcast作名词)
a news broadcast 一档新闻节目
be broadcast live现场直播(broadcast作动词)
begin to broadcast开始广播
broadcast the fact/news/information/message
传播事实/新闻/信息/消息
完成句子
(1)This football match _______________________ (将现场直播)
tomorrow.
(2)This program _____________________ (开始播送) at six every
morning.
(3)It is not right for you to ________________________________
(传播这类不实信息).
(4)I watched _________________(一场现场直播) of this football
match on TV yesterday.
will be broadcast live
begins to broadcast
broadcast such false information
a live broadcast
policy / p l si/1.[C, U] ~ (on sth)政策；方针
a plan of action agreed or chosen by a political party, a business, etc.
the present government's policy on education现政府的教育政策
The company has adopted a firm policy on shoplifting.
那家公司对店内行窃采取了严厉的措施。
We have tried to pursue a policy of neutrality.我们力行中立的政策。
US foreign/domestic policy 美国的外交 / 内政政策
They have had a significant change in policy on paternity leave.
他们对男人休产假制度作出了重大改变。
a policy document政策文件
2.[C, U] (formal) 原则；为人之道
a principle that you believe in that influences how you behave; a way in which you usually behave
She is following her usual policy of ignoring all offers of help.
她遵循着自己的一贯原则，对于他人的主动帮助一概不予理睬。
(saying) Honesty is the best policy.诚实为上。
footprint / f tpr nt/ [usually pl.] 脚印；足迹
a mark left on a surface by a person's foot or shoe or by an animal's foot
footprints in the sand沙地足迹
muddy footprints on the kitchen floor厨房地板上的泥脚印
2（某物所占的）空间量，面积
the amount of space that sth fills, for example the amount of space that a computer takes up on a desk
3（通信卫星）覆盖区
restrict /r str kt/ vt.限制；限定；束缚
(1)restrict...to... 将……限定在……内
(2)restriction n.制约因素；限制规定；限制，约束
without restriction 不受限制
(3)restrictive adj. 限制性的，约束的
【即学即用】语法填空
(1)We restrict the number of students per class ____10.
(2)(2020·江苏高考) Jan 23: Wuhan declared temporary outbound (向外的)traffic ____________(restrict).
(3)They will hold a meeting to discuss the (restrict) laws.
restrictions
restrictive
to
seize /si z/vt.抓住;(常指通过暴力突然)夺取;控制
①seize a chance/an opportunity/power抓住机会/抓住时机/夺权
②seize sb.by the arm 抓住某人的胳膊
③seize on/upon sth.突然对……大为关注;抓住(可利用的事物)
④be seized by 被……抓住
He seized her by the arm.他抓住了她的胳膊。
Seeing the pearl, he was seized by curiosity.
看到珍珠，他好奇心顿起。
As far as I know, Bob seized on the rain as an excuse for missing school.据我所知，鲍勃以下雨为借口不去上学。
basin [ be sn] [C]盆;脸盆;盆地;流域
penguin [ pe ɡw n][C]企鹅
reform [r f m] vi. &vt. &n.
(1)vi.&vt改革;(使)改正;造(行)
As far as I am concerned, the law needs to be reformed.依我看,这部法律需要进行改革。
(2) n. 改革;变革;改良
economic reform 经济改革
the reform of the educational system 教育体制的改革
reforms in education 教育改革
reform and opening-up 改革开放
undergo tests/trials/repairs/operation/surgery
经受考验/接受检修/接受手术
undergo / nd ɡ / vt.
underwent undergone 经历；经受(变化、不快等)
Our astronauts undergo a long period of testing and training.
我们的宇航员要经历长时间的考验和训练。
完成句子
(1)Elevators must ______________________________ ever year.
必须每年对电梯做一次安全检查。
(2)The idea must __________________________________ .
观念必须经得起实验的检验。
undergo a safety inspection
undergo the test of experiment
(1)implement n. 工具；器具； 手段
(2)implement vt. 实施；执行；落实
to implement changes/decisions/policies/reforms
实行变革/执行决议/执行政策/实施改革
(3)implementation n. 实施；执行
the implementation of the new system新体制的实施
implement / mpl m nt/ vt. 执行；使生效；贯彻
完成句子
(1)Leadership is about the ability to ________________ .
领导是一种实施变革的能力。
(2)Don’t limit yourself because something looks ________ .
不要因为有些事情看起来很难执行而限制自己。
(3)In primitive society, man were able to use _________________
to hunt for wild animals.
在原始社会，人类能够使用石器来捕获野生动物。
(4)The government promised to _________________________ to
control financial crisis.
政府许诺要实施新的制度来控制金融危机。
implement change
too difficult to implement
stone implements
implement a new system
(1)harmoniously adv. 和谐地
(2)harmony n. 协调；融洽
in harmony with…与……协调；与……相配
out of harmony with…与……不协调
live/work in harmony生活/工作得融洽
harmonious /hɑ m ni s/ adj. 和谐的
单句语法填空
(1)I have all along firmly believed that human should live with
nature _____________ (harmony).
(2)In this ___________ (harmony) country, we all live and work
happily.
(3)Men should learn to live ________ harmony with animals.
harmoniously
harmonious
She lives in a harmonious family.
Mike is out of harmony with his wife.
Men should live in harmony with nature.
Instead of conquering nature, we should learn to get along with it harmoniously.
in
moderate / m d r t/ adj.适度的；中等的；温和的
vi.& vt.缓和；使适中
vi. &vt.(1)提交;呈递(文件、建议等)
搭配:submit...to... 把……提交给……
Your monthly budget must be submitted to the company on the first day of each month.
你每月的预算必须在每月1日提交给公司。
submit /s b m t/ vt.& vi.提交；呈递；屈服
(2)屈服，投降
搭配:submit(oneself)to.. 向……屈服
He submitted himself to a search by the security guards. 他只好让保安搜身。
There is no denying that she refused to submit (herself) to threats.
不可否认,她面对威胁,拒不低头。
·Mr Smith didn't submit. On the contrary, he spoke up before the specialists.
史密斯先生没有屈服。相反地，他在专家面前直言不讳。
完成句子
(1)They didn’t ________________ the enemy.
他们没有向敌人屈服。
(2)I had asked everyone to ________________ in advance of the
meeting.
我已请每个人在会议之前提交问题。
(3)The students must ______________________ the disciplines at
school. 学生在学校必须遵守纪律。
(4)The people had to _______________________ when they lost
the war.
战败的人们不得不听命于新的统治者。
submit to
submit questions
submit themselves to
submit to the new rulers
【即学即用】语法填空
1. The boss requested that all applications ______________ (submit) by Monday.
(2)Mrs Jones submitted an operation on her right knee to relieve the pain.
(3)To save his son,he had to submit (he) to the rich man.
be submitted
to
himself
annual / nju l/adj每年的;年度的:
annual income/leave年收入/年假
an annual report/meeting年度报告/年会
Our school's annual sports day took place yesterday in 30-degree heat.
昨天在30度的高温下学校举行了一年一度的运动会。
annually adv 每年;一年一度地
tropical [ tr p kl] adj来自热带的;(天气)湿热的
chaos / ke s/ 混乱;一团糟
Heavy snow has caused total chaos on the roads.
In chaos 混乱；杂乱
The city was in chaos after the earthquake.
地震后城市陷入一片混乱。
cause/result in/lead to chaos引起混乱
in chaos处于混乱之中
economic/political/domestic chaos经济/政治/国内的混乱
on behalf /b hɑ f/of sb.(=on one's behalf)
(1)代表(代替)某人
On behalf of the whole company, I express my sincere thanks to those who are involved in the research.
我代表全公司向那些参与研究的人员表示衷心的感谢。
on behalf of our class, welcome you warmly and sincerely
我代表我们班级，真诚、热情地欢
(2)因为(某人);为了(某人)
in behalf of sb / in sb's behalf 为了某人;为了某人的利益:
We collect money in behalf of the homeless.
我们为无家可归的人筹钱。
nuclear / nju kli (r)/ adj.原子能的；核能的；原子核的
nuclear energy/weapons/fuel核能/核武器/核燃料
sensitive/ sens t v/ adj.敏感的；善解人意的；灵敏的
(1)be sensitive to…对……敏感的；对……体贴
be sensitive about…介意……；在乎……
(2)be sensible of…觉察到……
The nerve in this tooth is exposed, so it is sensitive to cold food.
这颗牙的神经暴露着,所以它对冷食很敏感。
She is very sensitive to other people’s feelings.她很能体谅他人的感受
Susan is sensitive about her appearance, her eyes in particular苏珊对自己的外貌很敏感，尤其是她的眼睛。
a highly sensitive electronic camera 高度灵敏的电子摄像机
单句语法填空
(1)There’s no doubt that the consumers are still very sensitive
________ the price.
(2)The young man is rather sensitive ________ the appearance of
his future wife.
(3)Mr Brown is quite ________ (sense) of the possible danger in
his life.
(4)People must be sensitive ________ this possibility when they
make volunteer activities a must.
让志愿者活动成为必须，人们就该对这种可能性保持敏感。
(5)Compared with his sister, Jerry is even more ________ (sense)
to, and more easily troubled by, emotional and relationship
problems.
to
about
sensible
to
sensitive
jungle [ d ɡl] 丛林;密林
smog [sm ɡ]烟雾;雾霾
originate [ r d ne t][正式用语]起源;发源;创立
【语块积累】
origin n.起源；起因
original adj.最初的；原来的
originally adv.原来；起初
(1)The famous scientist originated the theory in the 17th century.
那位著名科学家在17世纪创立了这个理论。
(2)这个男孩对地球上生命的起源感兴趣。
The boy is interested in the origin of life on earth.
(3)I think you should go back to your (origin) plan.
(4) (origin)，we had intended to go to Italy，but then we won the trip to Greece.
original
Originally
volume [ v lju m] [C]卷;册:
a novel in three volumes 一部三卷本的小说
②[C]&[U]体积;容积;(生产交通等的)量:
the volume of a container 容器的容积
The volume of traffic on the roads has sharply increased in recent years.
近年来公路运输量急剧增加。
garbage / ɡɑ b d / n.垃圾；废物
①废料;垃圾
a garbage can 垃圾箱
②[非正式用语]废话;无聊的东西:
Their advice turned out to be nothing but garbage.
他们给的建议结果一点价值都没有。
enterprise / ent pra z/ n.公司；企业；事业
undertake /build an enterprise 创办企业/事业
a state-owned enterprise 国有企业
restore /r st (r)/ vt恢复;修复
(1)to restore sth. (to sb. )恢复(某种情况或感受)
(2)restore sb. /sth. to sth. 使复原；使复位
(3)restore sth. 修复；整修；使复原
(4)to restore a law/tradition, way of working
重新采用(或实施)；恢复
Believe it or not, restoring those broken paintings will cost an arm and a leg.信不信由你,修复那些破损的画要花费一大笔钱。
Her job is restoring old paintings.她的工作是修复古画。
restoration [C] &[U](旧建筑/旧家具等的)修复;整修
完成句子
(1)Her job is ___________________________ .
她的工作是修复旧画。
(2)Some insist on __________________________ .
一些人主张恢复严格的法规。
(3)Physical sports can help to ____________________ .
体育运动可以帮助你恢复健康。
(4)The local people expect to ____________________________ .
当地人希望恢复他们的习俗。
restoring old paintings
restoring strict rules
restore you to health
restore their customs
(1)conservation of energy能量守恒(定律)
conservation area保护区
environmental conservation环境保护
water conservation水资源的保护
(2)conservationist n. (自然环境、野生动植物等)保护主义者
(3)conservational adj. 保护性； 保存的
(4)conserve vt. 保护；节省
(5)conserved adj. 保守的
conservation / k ns ve n/ n.对(环境、文物等)保护；保持
单句语法填空
(1)The government has realized the importance of farmland
_____________ (conserve).
(2)It is quite important for us to ________ (conservation) our
natural resources on the earth.
(3)Some strict _______________ (conserve) measures should be
taken to protect the wild animals.
(4)Mike is too _____________ (conserve) to take such aggressive
steps in his life. 挑衅的;富于攻击性的;气势汹汹的;声势浩大的;志在必得的
(5)As a ___________________ (conserve), Mr Brown is always
spreading environmental awareness in the public.
conservation
conserve
conservational
conserved
conservationist
dozen / dozens of
two dozen bottles of orange 两打瓶装橙汁
dozen (pl dozen/dozens)[C](一)打;十二个;十几个;许多:
a dozen students 十几个学生
dozens of 很多:
The hurricane blew away dozens of farming villages and brought down thousands of trees.
飓风刮走了很多村庄，刮倒了数千棵树。
regulation / reɡju le n/ n.章程；规章制度
[C]规则;法规:
fire/safety/building/school regulations
防火条例/安全条例/建筑法规/校规
②[U]控制;管理:
the regulation of affairs 事务管理
*regulate
①管理;控制:regulate the traffic 管理交通
②调整;调节:regulate a watch 校准手表
disposal [d sp zl] [U]去掉;清除;处理
inspection / n spek n/ n.检查；查看；视察
[U]&[C]检查;视察
The local authorities started to carry out inspections regularly and fine tourist organizations for abuses.
地方当局开始定期检查，并且对旅游机构的违规行为进行处罚。
Inspect 仔细检查(examine);视察;检阅:
Make sure you inspect the goods before signing for them. 签收前一定要仔细检查货物。
inspector [C]检察员;督察员
①He recommends wearing safety equipment while________ (inspect) the construction site.
②Before long, a train_________ (inspect)comes to check our tickets.
③The building_______regularly_________ by the fire-safety officer.
消防安全官定期视察这座大楼。
inspecting
inspector
is
inspected
fine [常用于被动语态]处……以罚款:
You'll be fined 200 yuan. 你会被罚款200元。
fine…for(doing) sth 因（做）某事对……处以罚款
The police fined me for driving too fast.因开车超速我被警察罚了款。
n[C] 罚金;罚款:
pay a heavy/large fine 付巨额罚款
campaign [k m pe n] [C](政治、商业、社会)运动;(宣传)活动;战役
The government is launching an advertising campaign in order to tell people about the dangers of drugs.
政府正在发起宣传活动，以告诫人们毒品的危害。
vi&vt参加运动;领导运动
waterway / w t we / n.水道；航道
tolerate / t l re t/ vt.忍受；包容；容许(put up with)
(1)tolerate sth. 容忍/容许某事
tolerate (one’s/sb. ) doing sth. 容忍(某人)做某事
(2)tolerant adj. 容忍的；宽容的
be tolerant of sth. /sb. 容忍某物/某人
(3)tolerance n. 容忍，忍耐力
Those who know how to tolerate others can naturally lead a happy life.
那些懂得容忍他人的人自然会过得幸福。
(1)This behavior will not here.(tolerate)
(2)She can’t tolerate (call) a liar.
(3)She had no (tolerate) for jokes of any kind.
(4)He has a very (tolerate) attitude towards other religions.
being called
tolerance
tolerant
be tolerated
单句语法填空
(1)Nobody will tolerate ________________ (talk) about at
their back.
(2)In order to earn enough to support his family, the young
man is ________ of any hard job.
(3)With time going by, his __________ (tolerate) is getting
stronger.
being talked
tolerant
tolerance
on the agenda在日程表上
add sth. to one’s agenda把某事加在某人的日程表上
at the top of the agenda位于最重要的议事日程
set an agenda确定一个工作日程
In our company, quality is high on the agenda.
The next item on the agenda is the publicity budget.
议程表上的下一项是宣传预算。
For the government, education is now at the top of the agenda.
Newspapers have been accused of trying to set the agenda for the
government.
agenda / d end / n.议程表；议事日程
Norway /'n wei/ 挪威(北欧国家)
Svalbard /sva: Iba: rd/ 斯瓦尔巴群岛(挪威）
Hurricane Katrina /k .tri：n / 飓风卡特里娜
carry out执行
【语块积累】
carry on (with/doing) sth. 继续(做)某事
carry away 拿走；被吸引(迷住)；带走；冲走
carry off 成功地对付；赢得；获得(奖品、荣誉等)
carry through 达成；贯彻；使渡过难关
【即学即用】语法填空
(1)Determined to carry out the plan as planned，they made very careful preparations.
(2)She is determined to carry on her education.
(3)His courage and determination carried him .
(4)You’ll have an accident if you carry on (drive) like that.
with
through
driving
set about doing sth. 着手做某事； 开始做某事
set sth. aside把某物放在一边
set down放下； 写下
set off出发；动身； 使爆炸； 引发
set out启程； 动身
set out to do sth. 开始做某事；着手做某事
set up 建立；成立；竖立起来；创(记录)
单句语法填空
(1)The city government has decided to set ________ a new hospital
in the city centre.
(2)They set ________ a tall post in the middle of the square to
provide light at night.
(3)Lily set about ________ (do) her homework as soon as she
finished her supper.
(4)Mary set her bag ________ and began to do her paperwork.
up
doing
aside
up
Unit 3
谢谢观看