Unit 4 Information Technology单元语法
过去将来时和复合词
一、单项选择
1.Larry’s parents made up their mind that they a new house once their little daughter changed her job.
A.had bought B.was buying C.would buy D.would have bought
2.We ________ when it began to rain, so we had to wait until it stopped.
A.started B.start C.were about to start D.are starting
3.By 2003, I had grown as tall as 180 cm, and I wondered if I ______ grow taller.
A.would B.will
C./ D.am to
4.He said in a few days’ time he __________ out of the school gates forever.
A.will walk B.walked
C.was walking D.would be walking
5.—Our uncle will be here to attend a meeting tomorrow, you know
—Oh, I thought that he _____ today.
A.is coming B.comes
C.was coming D.will come
6.—He promised he ______ the assembly on time. I am at a loss what happened.
—It doesn’t matter. We are starting without him.
A.will attend B.had attended
C.will have attended D.would attend
7.I felt like giving up. I probably ________, but my Dad whispered, “Come on! You can make it.”
A.would have B.would C.should D.should have
8.James has just arrived, but I didn’t know he _______ until yesterday.
A.will come B.was coming C.had come D.came
9.—The plane is leaving right now, but Jim hasn’t arrived yet.
—Well, he said he________here on time.
A.came B.would come
C.can be D.will be
10.Before seeing The Revenge of Prince Zidan, I wasn’t sure whether I ______ it. But after experiencing it, I found I was deeply attracted by it.
A.had enjoyed B.enjoyed C.was enjoying D.would enjoy
11.He took up the post of general manager, little knowing how this appointment________ his life.
A.has changed B.had changed
C.was to change D.was changing
12.Which of the following words is created the same way as "schoolwork"
A.classroom B.winner C.untidy D.musician
13.The newly-built library is a________ building.
A.five storey B.five storeys C.five-storey’s D.five storeys’
14.Though it is a _____ job, he still devotes much time and energy to it.
A.poor-paying B.poorly-paying
C.poorly-paid D.poor-paid
15.His _____ English is very good, because he is from Australia, an _____ country.
A.spoken; English-spoken
B.speaking; English-speaking
C.spoken; English-speaking
D.speaking; English-speaking
二、用单词的适当形式完成句子
16.I _____________ (appreciate) it very much if you could post the letter for me.
17.Mr. Smith said that he________(be) in charge of our class next term.
18.Tim told us that his company ________ (use) robots to do some of the work the next week.
19.When we worked in the same office, we ________ often have coffee together.
20.Uncle Sam said he ________(attend) my birthday party, but he never showed up.
21.He was fifty-six. In two years he ________ (be) fifty-eight.
22.He said on the phone that he ________(wait)for me at the school gate when I arrived there.
23.The scientists said the world’s population ________ (slow) down in future
24.Jack was so busy when we saw him, because he ________(make) a speech the next day.
25.No one knew when he ________(go) to finish his homework.
26.Breakfast ________(serve) between 7:00 and 8:00 tomorrow morning, we'd better get up early.
27.She ________ (say)something more but she checked herself.
28.—He promised he ________ (attend) the meeting on time. I am at a loss what happened.
—It doesn’t matter. We are starting without him.
29.She hurried to the entrance at which the car ________ (arrive), and looked forward to seeing her husband.
30.We were all surprised when he made it clear that he ________ (leave) office soon.
31.Dr. Smith said he ___________ (give) a speech on how to reduce stress the next week.
32.I wasn’t sure whether Lucy _____(come) the next year.
33.Ken was so busy when we saw him,because he _____(make) a speech the next day.
34.Nobody knew what ________________ (happen) to the Earth in a century's time.
35.Miss Zhang said she _____(visit) the Great Wall the next summer.
36.I wasn’t sure whether he _____(lend) me his book the next morning.
37.He said he__________(be) ninety years old in two years.
38.Nobody knew why he was __________ (go) to the big city.
39.He was about__________ (leave) when someone knocked at the door of his office.
40.She said she________(buy) a new house soon if she had enough money.
41.Rapidly nodding your head can leave the impression that you are ________(patient) and too eager to add something to the conversation.
42.Most people here are ________ (willing) to give up their cars. They don’t want to use buses instead.
43.He is a good teacher who never expresses the least _________ (patience) with slow learners.
44.Like their children, parents are often _____(defend)about their private lives.
45.It is__________ (legal) to employ someone under the age of sixteen. (所给单词适当形式填空)
46.He was ________________ (apparent) much surprised at the news that the amateur athlete beat the professional one who ranked top ten.
47.Please accept our apologies for any________(convenience) we have caused.
48.He has only been playing football as a ________ (profession) for two years.
49.His illness caused him to lose his ______ (memorize).
50.Many stars, which are out of the solar system, are ________ (visible) without a telescope.
三、完成句子
51.妈妈叫我多穿点儿因为马上要下雪了。
My mother told me to wear more because it _______ ________ _______ snow.
52.他说他将在八点钟出发去武汉。
He said he ______ _______for Wuhan at eight o’clock.
53.他与他的新上司胡新的讨论注定会对他的记者生涯产生重要影响。
His discussion with his new boss, Hu Xin,_______ _______ strongly influence his life as a journalist.
54.我们正打算出门,这时天突然下起了雨。
We ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ when it began to rain.
55.那个工人决定不再屈服于老板的虐待,重新找了一份工作。
The worker decided that he would no longer________ ________ his boss’s abuse, and found a new job.
56.每当我遇到困难时,我的朋友们总会来帮助我。
Whenever I was in trouble, my friends would _____ _____ _____ _____.
57.我告诉乔治,如果在一星期内不还钱的话,我将把他告上法庭。
I told George that I would _____ him _____ _____ if he did not repay the money in a week.
58.我正准备关电脑,这时收到了一封电子邮件。
I ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ my computer when I received an email.
59.他从没想过自己有朝一日会通过保研项目被北大录.
He never expected that one day he ________ ________ ________ ________ Peking University through the postgraduate recommendation program.
60.今天我身体不太舒服,否则我就会亲自去做这件事了。
I’m not feeling well today. Otherwise I ________ ________ it myself.
参考答案:
1.C
【详解】考查时态。句意:拉里的父母决定他们的小女儿一换工作,他们就买一套新房子。设空处为从句谓语,根据主语made up their mind可知应为过去的相应时态,once引导的条件状语从句,从句用一般过去时,所以主句应用过去将来时,故选C。
2.C
【详解】考查过去将来时。句意:我们正要离开的时候,天开始下雨了,所以我们不得不等到雨停了。此处是be about to do sth when结构,表示“正要做某事,这时(突然)……”。故选C。
3.A
【详解】考查时态。句意:到2003年时,我已经长到了1米8,我想知道我是否会长得更高。这里含有一个宾语从句,主句用的过去时,从句要使用相应的过去的时态,这里应该使用过去将来时,故选A。
4.D
【详解】考查动词时态。句意:他说在几天之内他将永远走出这所学校的大门。根据从句时间状语“in a few days’ time”和主句谓语动词said可知,此处应使用过去将来时。故选D。
5.C
【详解】考查谓语动词的时态。句意:——我们叔叔明天要来这儿参加会议,你知道吗?——哦,我原以为他是今天来。根据主句中的thought可知,其后的宾语从句说明的是在过去看来将要发生的动作,应用过去将来时。come是表位置转移的动词,这类动词在表示按计划或安排将要发生的情况时,可以用进行时态表将来,所以空格处可以用过去进行时表过去将来时。主语he是第三人称单数,所以用was coming。故选C项。
6.D
【详解】考查时态。句意:——他保证将按时参加会议,我不知道发生了什么事。——没关系,我们不等他就开始。根据“promised”判断此处表示从过去某一时间看将要发生的事情,应该用过去将来时,故D项正确。
7.A
【分析】考查过去将来时。
【详解】句意:我想放弃。我可能总会放弃的,但是我爸爸小声说,“来吧!你能做到的。”本句为过去将来时。指表示从过去某一时间看将要发生的动作或者存在的状态,上文中的谓语动词felt表明动作发生在过去,即从过去的时间推测将来会发生的动作。故选A。
8.B
【详解】考查动词时态的语境运用。句意:詹姆斯刚到,但我直到昨天才知道他要来。“我”此前不知道James要来,本题中“不知道”的是一个尚未发生的动作,排除C、D两项。didn’t know要求后接表示“过去将来”的动词,排除A项。故B项正确。
9.B
【详解】考查时态。句意:——飞机马上要起飞了,但是吉姆还没有到。——他说过他会准时到这儿。主句为一般过去时,宾语从句应用过去的某种时态,结合语境可知应用过去将来时,故选B。
10.D
【详解】考查时态。句意:在看《王子复仇记》之前,我不确定自己是否会喜欢它。但在看过之后,我发现自己被它深深地吸引住了。空格处为whether引导的宾语从句的谓语动词,主句为一般过去时,从句也应该是过去的某种时态,根据句意可知,空格处表示过去将要发生的动作,即我不确定自己是否“会”喜欢它,故应用过去将来时,句式为“主语+would+动词原形+其他”,故空格处应填“would enjoy”。故选D项。
11.C
【详解】考查时态。句意:他接受了总经理这个职位,却不知道这个任命将会如何改变他的生活。句中不定式短语be to do sth表示将来时,故C项正确。
12.A
【详解】考查构词法。题干:下列哪个单词和“schoolwork”的构成法相同 A. classroom教室;B. winner赢家;C. untidy不整洁的;D. musician音乐家。schoolwork为school和work构成,属于构词法中的合成法,选项中只有classroom符合。故选A。
13.D
【详解】考查构词法。句意:新建的图书馆是一座五层楼的建筑。storey为可数名词,此处由five修饰应用复数形式,且表示“五层楼的”应用five storeys’。故选D。
14.C
【详解】考查形容词。本题中考查了复合形容词的构词法,使用“副词+过去分词”构成新的形容词。如“newly-discovered最新发现的”,本句中“poorly-paid报酬极少的”。句意:尽管这是一份报酬极少的工作,但他仍然花了很多时间和精力做它。故C项正确。
15.C
【详解】考查形容词。句意:他的英语口语很好,因为他来自澳大利亚,一个讲英语的国家。spoken English为固定词组,意为“英语口语”,形容词spoken作定语;English-speaking country为固定词组,意为“讲英语的国家”,复合形容词English-speaking作定语。故选C。
16.would appreciate
【详解】考查固定句型。句意:如果你能帮我寄一下这封信,我会很感激。固定句型: I would appreciate it if...“如果……我将不胜感激”,故填would appreciate。
17.would be
【详解】考查动词时态。句意:史密斯先生说下学期他负责我们班。 next term. “下学期”用将来时,结合said 提示是过去时态,因此用过去将来时would+动词原形。故填would be。
18.would use
【详解】考查动词时态。句意:蒂姆告诉我们,他的公司下周将用机器人做一些工作根据told及时间状语the next week可知,此处使用过去将来时。故填would use。
19.would
【详解】考查时态。句意:当我们在同一个办公室工作时,我们经常一起喝咖啡。时间状语从句中,主句用过去将来时,从句使用一般过去时,结合句意,故填would。
20.would attend##was going to attend
【详解】考查时态。句意:山姆大叔说他要参加我的生日聚会,但他一直没出现。分析句子可知,句子为宾语从句,从句表示从过去的某一时间来看将来要发生的动作,故应用过去将来时,句式为“主语+would+动词原形”,“attend”意为“参加,出席”,动词词性,或用“主语+was/were going to+动词原形”,“he”与“was”连用。故填would attend/was going to attend。
21.would be
【详解】考查时态。句意:他五十六岁,再过两年,就他五十八岁了。根据句意和时间状语In two years以及前文was可知,此处应用过去将来时(would+动词原形),表示从过去的某一时间来看将来要发生的动作或呈现的状态。故填would be。
22.would wait
【详解】考查过去将来时。句意:他在电话里头说,当我到那的时候,他将会在学校大门口等我。分析句子结构,said后的宾语从句中包含主从复合结构,wait是宾语从句中主句的谓语动词,是在过去某一时间看来的将来动作,主句谓语动词是said,所以此处应使用过去将来时,故填would wait。
23.would slow
【详解】考查时态。句意:科学家们说,世界人口今后将放缓。宾语从句的主句为一般过去时,从句用过去时的某种时态,再根据“ in future”可知,从句为过去将来时。故填would slow。
24.would make
【详解】考查时态。句意:我们见到杰克时,他很忙,因为他第二天要演讲。根据was和时间状语the next day,可知此处指从过去的时间看将来会发生的事情,应用过去将来时,结构为would+动词原形,故填would make。
25.was going
【详解】考查过去将来时。句意:没有人知道他什么时候能完成作业。空处为宾语从句谓语动词,根据“No one knew”可知,此处描述过去的事情。be going to do意为“将要做某事”。根据句意可知,此处是指他将要何时完成作业,又主句是过去时,所以此处应用过去将来时。从句中主语he为第三人称单数。故填was going。
26.will be served
【详解】考查时态和语态。句意:明天早上7点到8点供应早餐,我们最好早点起床。根据句中时间状语tomorrow morning可知,用一般将来时。主语breakfast与serve之间为被动关系,所以用被动语态。根据句意,故填will be served。
27.was about to say
【详解】考查时态和固定搭配。句意:她正准备说点什么但她克制住了自己。分析句子结构可知,此空是谓语动词,此句中check理解为“克制”,再根据check的时态以及句意,可知say的动作是在过去的时刻正要准备进行的,所以用过去将来时,并且表示立即就要做某事,所以用短语be about to do,结合主语she和时态,故填was about to say。
28.would attend
【详解】考查动词时态。句意:——他答应准时参加会议。我不知道发生了什么事。——没关系。 他不在我们也要开始开会了。此处为省略了that的宾语从句,且宾语从句中,如果主句的谓语动词是过去时,宾语从句的谓语动词只可根据需要,选用过去时态即一般过去时、过去进行时、过去将来时或过去完成时的某一种形式。此处结合语境表示从过去某一时间来看将要发生的动作,应用过去将来时。故填would attend。
29.would arrive
【详解】考查动词时态。句意:她匆忙赶到车即将到达的入口处,期待看到她的丈夫。分析可知,设空处为定语从句的谓语动词,根据下文的looked forward to seeing her husband可知,车还为到达,再结合上文的hurried可知,此处应用过去将来时。故填would arrive。
30.would leave
【详解】考查动词时态。句意:当他明确表示他将很快离任时,我们都感到惊讶。分析可知,设空处为宾语从句的谓语动词,根据前文的made和从句中的soon可知,此处应用过去将来时。故填would leave。
31.would give
【详解】考查时态。句意:史密斯博士说他下周要做一个关于如何减轻压力的演讲。由主句谓语动词said可知,空处宾语从句的谓语动词需用过去的某种时态,根据时间状语the next week可知,空处谓语动词需用过去将来时:would do,表示过去看将要发生的动作。故填would give。
32.would come
【详解】考查过去将来时,句意:我不确定明年露西是否会来。由主句中wasn’t sure可知,主句为一般过去时,根据从句中时间状语“the next year”,可知,从句表示的是过去将要发生的动作,所以该句为过去将来时,因此从句的谓语动词使用过去将来时would+动词原形。故填would come。
33.would make
【详解】考查时态。句意:我们见到Ken时他很忙,因为他第二天要发表演讲。根据句意及时间状语the next day,可知此处应用过去将来时,结构为would+动词原形,表示在过去某个时间看来将要发生的动作或存在的状态。故填would make。
34.would happen
【详解】考查过去将来时。句意:没有人知道一个世纪后地球将会发生什么事。分析句子可知,根据时间状语“in a century's time”和谓语动词knew,该句为过去将来时态,即为从过去的某个时间看将来发生的动作或所处的状态。本句为从过去看地球未来一个世纪会发生的事情,过去将来时构成为would+动词原形,所以空格处填would happen。
35.would visit
【详解】考查时态。句意:张小姐说她明年夏天要去参观长城。根据句意以及时间状语the next summer可知,此处应用过去将来时,结构为would+动词原形,表示在过去某个时间看来将要发生的动作或存在的状态。故填would visit。
36.would lend
【详解】考查过去将来时。句意:我不确定第二天早上他是否会把书借给我。根据I wasn’t sure可知,此处过去将来时。故填would lend。
37.would be
【详解】考查时态。句意:他说再过两年他就90岁了。根据He said和in two years可知宾语从句的时态是过去将来时,且主语是he。故填would be。
【点睛】
38.going
【详解】考查时态。句意:没有人知道他为什么打算去大城市。根据空前的was可知,空处应使用现在分词形式,构成过去将来时,was going to do sth.意为“过去打算做某事”,故填going。
39.to leave
【详解】考查固定短语。句意:他正要离开,这时有人敲他办公室的门。根据when someone knocked at the door of his office.可知表示“过去将要……”用过去将来时was about to leave,所以填to leave。
40.would buy
【详解】考查过去将来时。句意:她说如果有足够的钱她将买套新房子。根据句意可知,买房的动作还未发生,所以用将来时;分析句子结构可知,she________(buy) a new house soon if she had enough money.是宾语从句,省略了连词that,主句用了过去时,从句也要用相应的过去时,故此处用过去将来时。故填would buy。
41.impatient
【详解】考查形容词和构词法。句意:迅速点头会给人留下你没有耐心、急于在谈话中添加内容的印象。are后需跟形容词作表语,由too eager to add something to the conversation可知,句子是说“迅速点头会给人留下你没有耐心、急于在谈话中添加内容的印象”,因此空格处为“不耐心的”,其形容词为impatient,故填impatient。
42.unwilling
【详解】考查形容词。句意:这里的大多数人都不愿意放弃他们的汽车。相反他们不想乘公共汽车。 根据语境 “They don’t want to use buses”可知,前半句应意思为“大多数人不愿意放弃他们自己的车”;willing意思为“愿意的”,“不愿意的”是其否定词,前面加前缀un-,应是unwilling。故填unwilling。
43.impatience
【详解】考查构词法。句意:他是一位好老师,对学得慢的学生从不表现出丝毫不耐烦的。根据句意,应是“不耐烦,没耐心”;patience是名词“耐心”,前面加上否定前缀im-,构成其反义词impatience“不耐烦”。故填impatience。
44.defensive
【详解】考查形容词。句意:就像子女一样,父母也常常很注重保护他们的私生活。分析句子成分可知,空格处在系动词are后作表语,用形容词形式,故填defensive。
【点睛】
45.illegal
【详解】考查形容词。句意:雇用16岁以下的人是违法的。根据背景知识,“employ someone under the age of sixteen(雇佣16岁以下的人)”应该是违法的;legal是“合法的”,应加否定前缀il-, 构成形容词illegal,意思为“非法的”。故填illegal。
46.apparently
【分析】本题考查词汇的语境应用能力和语法能力。
【详解】考查副词。句意:他显然对业余运动员击败排名前十的职业运动员的消息感到非常惊讶。分析可知,副词修饰much surprised。apparent,形容词,意为“明显的”,其副词形式为“apparently”,意为“显然地;似乎”。故填apparently。
47.inconvenience
【详解】考查名词。句意:对于给您带来的不便,请接受我们的道歉。any修饰名词,作介词for的宾语,根据句意,不可数名词inconvenience (不便)作宾语,符合句意。故填inconvenience。
48.professional
【详解】考查名词。句意:他作为职业球员只踢了两年足球。根据句意和as a可知,此处应用其派生名词professional“专业人员”的单数形式作as的宾语。故填professional。
49.memory
【详解】考查名词。句意:他的病使他失去了记忆。his是形容词性物主代词,后接名词;“记忆”memorize是动词,名词为memory(记忆)。 故填memory。
50.invisible
【详解】考查形容词。句意:太阳系外的许多恒星不用望远镜是看不见的。由句意可知,此处应用visible的反义词invisible(看不见的),形容词作表语。故填invisible。
51. was going to
【详解】考查过去将来时。空处为原因状语从句的谓语动词,结合语境表示“马上要下雪了”应用be going to snow,根据上文told,判断为过去将来时,be用was。故填was going to。
52. was leaving
【详解】考查时态。be doing表示位置移动的动词用进行时表示将来时,根据主句谓语动词said可知,从句用过去将来时,从句主语是he,故填was leaving。
53.was to
【详解】考查时态。分析句子结构可知,此句少谓语,名词是discussion,故谓语用单数,此外,be to do表示将来,符合句意以及结合句意可知,该动作为过去的将来,用过去将来时。故填was to。
54. were about to go out
【详解】考查时态和固定句型。打算可以用be about to,根据时间状语从句,可知用过去时,而be about to也表将来,所以时态是过去将来时,出门短语go out,接在to后面用原形,be about to do sth when...为固定句型。故填①were② about③ to④go⑤out。
55. submit to
【详解】考查固定短语。结合句意表示“屈服于”可知短语为submit to,结合上文he would 可知为过去将来时。故填①submit;②to。
56. come to my aid
【详解】考查动词短语。短语come to one’s aid意为“帮助某人”,本句中该短语和情态动词would构成谓语动词,为过去将时。故填come;to;my;aid。
57. take; to court
【详解】考查固定短语和时态。表示“将某人告上法庭”为take sb to court,would后跟动词原形,为过去将来时。故填take;to;court。
58. was about to turn off
【详解】考查固定句型、固定短语和动词时态。句意:我正准备关电脑,这时收到了一封电子邮件。be about to do…when…为固定句型,意为“正准备做某事突然”,turn off为固定短语,意为“关闭”;结合“received”可知,主句使用过去将来时,主语为I,be动词用was。故填①was;②about;③to;④turn;⑤off。
59. would be admitted to
【详解】考查固定短语和动词时态。表示“被录取”应用be admitted to,结合空前的expected和句意可知,此处使用过去将来时。故填①would②be③admitted④to。
60. would do
【详解】考查虚拟语气和时态。otherwise虚拟语气的用法一般是:对现在的虚拟,句子用过去将来时(would do),此处用过去将来时,表示“会做”。故填①would②do。