北师大版（2019）必修第二册Unit 6 The admirable Grammar 介词?关系代词引导的定语从句精练(word版附答案解析)

Unit 6 The Admirable单元语法
介词 关系代词引导的定语从句
一、单项选择
1．I will remember the day ________I joined the Party.
A．at which B．on which C．in which D．from which
2．Scientist are learning more every day about the secret ways ______ plants talk to each other.
A．to which B．for which C．in which D．on which
3．That’s the factory _______ we paid a visit last year.
A．where B．to which C．which D．in which
4．I’m curious about the person ________ Mr. Smith is talking.
A．with whom B．to him C．with him D．to who
5．Scientists are learning more every day about the secret ways ______ plants talk to each other.
A．/ B．how C．where D．which
6．Endurance, perseverance, industry and talent are the means ________ men achieve great ends.
A．in which B．by which C．of which D．on which
7．The building was designed to show the connection betweeen nature and the modern city environment ________ it sits.
A．that B．in that C．which D．in which
8．On her birthday, she received a nice present from her parents _______ a note was attached, saying “We love you so much.”
A．from which B．to which C．in which D．by which
9．Large events ___________leaders from many countries gather may need over 70 interpreters.
A．with which B．from which C．in which D．to which
10．Perhaps what is significant is the way ________ people have worked in harmony with nature to make terraces and grow rice.
A．on which B．by which C．in which D．with which
11．He showed me the new dictionary __________ he paid a lot of money.
A．by which B．for which C．to which D．on which
12．To be honest, we admire him for the way ________ he solved the problem.
A．in which B．how C．why D．in that
13．The scientists have made an exhaustive study of the virus ________ many people have been infected.
A．to which B．with which C．in which D．for which
14．I have many friends ________ I'm going to send postcards.
A．who B．at whom C．to whom D．that
15．It was in 1952 and Mandela was the black lawyer ________ I went for advice.
A．to whom B．from whom C．to who D．from who
16．The way ________ he overcame difficulties was impressive.
A．that B．which C．where D．in that
17．I don’t like the way ________ he talks with his parents.
A．which B．in which C．how D．where
18．What surprised me most was not what he said but________ he said it.
A．the way which B．in the way that C．in the way D．the way
19．The Zhuang is an ethnic group________ the population is the largest of all ethnic groups in China.
A．of whom B．of which C．of who D．of that
20．Human facial expressions differ from those of animals in the degree ______ they can be controlled.
A．on which B．by which C．to which D．from which
二、用单词的适当形式完成句子
21．The man, ______ whom I learned the news, is an engineer.
22．The idea has quickly spread to Europe in _______ special courses are now offered to children who are from 7 to 24 months old.
23．He studies in the school in ______ his father works.
24．I’ll never forget the day ________ which we worked together in the countryside.
25．The house in __________ Lu Xun once lived is a museum now.
26．But like anyone for ________ you feel affection, customers can also drive you mad.
27．Many lessons are now available online, ________which students can choose for free.
28．Written Chinese has also become an important means by ________ China’s present is connected with its past.
29．This is the hero ______ ______ we are proud.
30．They are the students ______ ______ our teachers are thinking highly.
31．The boy ______ ________ she is speaking is my little son.
32．I disagree with the facts ______ ______ your argument is based.
33．I will never forget the way ______ ______my teacher taught me.
34．This is the hospital ________ ________ her mother works.
35．The student ________ ________ the teachers are talking has won the first prize in the English contest.
36．This is the new bicycle ________ ________ I spent five hundred dollars.
37．The gentleman ________ ________ you just spoke is our headmaster.
38．Give me a piece of paper ________ ________ I can write the phone number.
39．The man ________ ________ he had a talk yesterday is a doctor.
40．Water is a thing ________ which man can’t live.
41．Can you tell me the reason ________ which you didn’t come to her birthday party
42．In the dark street, there wasn’t a single person ________ whom she could turn for help.
43．In the end, they reached an agreement ____________which the couple argued for a long time.
44．This is the pilot with ___________ my brother has worked for ten years.
45．The centre also runs two life drawing (写生) classes ________ which there is a small fee.
46．The woman ________ ________ I turned just now is my English teacher.
47．He bought a telescope ________ ________ he could study the sky.
48．This is the story in ________ the valuable blue and white porcelain vase from the Ming Dynasty was finally returned to its owner.
49．Sue is the person to ________ I sent the text message yesterday.
50．The manager is the person ________ ________ we talked at the last meeting.
51．I will never forget the day on __________ I first saw him.
52．—Why does she always ask you for help
—There is no one else to _________ she can turn, is there
53．It was in 1952 and Mandela was the black lawyer to______ I went for advice.
54．The woman wrote a thank-you letter to the soldier by___________ she was rescued.
55．A true friend on ____ you can depend is hard to come by.
56．The biggest hobby in America, the one ____ which Americans spend most time, energy and money, is gardening.
57．I’ll remember the day on _________ I was admitted to the college forever.
58．They also had a small pond in ____________ they raised fish.
59．Here is the book about ____________ I told you yesterday.
60．He handed me a pen with______I wrote down his phone number.
参考答案：
1．B
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：我永远忘不了入党的那一天。先行词是the day指物，在定语从句中作时间状语，指在那一天入党。在具体的某一天用介词on，此处用“介词+which”结构，故选B。
2．C
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：科学家们每天都在更多地了解植物相互交流的秘密方式。分析句子结构，此句为定语从句，先行词ways在从句作方式状语，用that/in which或者不填。故选C项。
3．B
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：那是我们去年参观过的工厂。分析句子可知，这里考查定语从句，先行词为 the factory，指物，作从句we paid a visit to后面的宾语，且本句中把介词to提前，所以应填to which。故选B项。
4．A
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：我对正在和史密斯先生谈话的那个人感到好奇。分析句子，设空处构成介词+关系代词的定语从句，引导词在从句中作宾语，指代前文的the person，用whom；同时talk with为固定短语，意为“和某人说话”，应使用with whom的结构。故选A。
5．A
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：科学家们每天都在研究植物之间相互交流的秘密方式。分析句子可知，空格后是定语从句，修饰先行词ways，表示“方式”；way表示“方式”作先行词时，定语从句可用that或in which引导，也可省略。故选A。
6．B
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：耐力、毅力、勤奋和才干是人们实现伟大目标的手段。空格处引导定语从句，先行词为means（手段），指物，人们实现伟大目标是“凭借”前面提到的手段的，因此可以确定介词为by，which指代先行词作宾语。故选B项。
7．D
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：该建筑旨在展示自然和它所处的现代城市环境之间的联系。分析可知，此处引导限制性定语从句，先行词为the modern city environment，介词in+which引导从句，关系代词which替代先行词。the modern city environment in which it sits意为“它所处的现代城市环境”。故选D项。
8．B
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：在她生日那天，她收到了父母送给她的一份精美的礼物，上面有一张纸条，写着“我们非常爱你。”句子为限制性定语从句，先行词为present（礼物），根据从句中的was attached可知，先行词作be attached to的宾语，将to提到从句句首，其后用关系代词which指代先行词。故选B项。
9．C
【详解】考查“介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句。句意：许多国家领导人参加的大型活动可能需要70多名口译员。分析句子可知，此句涉及由“介词+关系代词”引导的限制性定语从句，先行词为Large events，指物，用which，且表示“在大型活动场合”，应用“in large events”表示，综上，空处应用in which引导该从句。故选C项。
10．C
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：也许最重要的是人们与自然和谐相处去建造这些梯田、种植水稻的方式。分析句子结合句意可知，空处引导一个定语从句，先行词是the way，意为“方式”，指事物，短语“in the way”表示“用……方式”，所以此处应用介词in + which引导从句。故选C。
11．B
【详解】考查固定短语和定语从句。句意：他把新字典拿给我看，这本字典他花了很多钱。固定短语pay for，为……付款，关系代词which指代先行词dictionary并在从句中作for的宾语，故选B。
12．A
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：说实话，我们钦佩他解决问题的方法。设空处引导定语从句，且在从句中作状语，先行词为way，应用in which。故答案为A。
13．B
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：科学家们对这种已感染了许多人的病毒作了详尽的研究。分析句子可知，这里使用了定语从句，先行词是the virus，定语从句中使用了词组be infected with，意为“感染上”，所以缺少介词with和关系代词which。故选B项。
14．C
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：我有许多朋友，我要给他们寄明信片。这是一个典型的定语从句，先行词等于关系词，先行词是friends，指人，从句部分原本应该是I'm going to send postcards to friends，现在要把它改成定语从句，将介词to提前到关系代词前面，关系代词在从句中做宾语，指人，用whom，就变成了“介词+关系代词（to whom）”引导定语从句。故选C项。
15．A
【详解】考查“介词+关系代词”引起定语从句。句意：那是在1952年，曼德拉正是那个我寻求建议的黑人律师。分析句型及根据选项可判断，本句考查介词的选择及介词后的关系代词用宾格。根据从句动词可知，此处考查动词短语go to sb. for advice(向某人寻求建议)；同时，介词后关系代词要用宾格形式。故选A项。
16．A
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：他克服困难的方式令人印象深刻。观察句子可知，限制性定语从句，the way为先行词，作从句“________ he overcame difficulties”的状语，关系词可以用in which/that或者不填。故选A项。
17．B
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：我不喜欢他和他父母说话的方式。此处为定语从句修饰先行词way，way作先行词时，可用in which、that或省略关系词。故选B。
18．D
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：使我惊奇的不是他说什么而是他说话的方式。分析可知，the way同时作was的表语，后面he said it作way的定语，省略引导词that 或in which。结合选项，选项D符合题意，故选D。
19．B
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：壮族是中国所有少数民族中人口最多的一个民族。分析可知，设空处为“介词+ 关系代词”引导定语从句，先行词为“an ethnic group”，作of的宾语，应用关系代词which。故选B。
20．C
【详解】考查介词+关系代词引导的定语从句。句意：人类和动物面部表情的不同之处，在于某程度上人类面部表情可以受到控制。分析句子可知，空格处引导定语从句，修饰先行词the degree，关系代词which在句中指代先行词degree(程度)，表示“某种程度”应为“to some degree”，故介词to符合句意。故选C项。
21．from
【详解】考查介词。句意：这人是一位工程师，我是从他那里得到这个消息的。句中关系代词whom代指非限定性定语从句中先行词The man，结合句意可知，表示“从那个男人那里我得到的消息”，所以用介词from。根据句意，故填from。
22．which
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：这个理念迅速传播到欧洲,如今这些特殊的课程在欧洲被提供给7至24个月大的婴幼儿。先行词为Europe,是地点名词，在从句中作地点状语，应用where或in which，本句中已有in，所以填which。故填which。
23．which
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：他在他父亲工作的学校里学习。分析可知，空格处是“介词+which/whom”引导限制性定语从句，先行词school是物，因此空格处是which，故填which。
24．on
【详解】考查介词。句意：我永远不会忘记我们一起在农村工作的那一天。“介词+关系代词（which）”引导的限制性定语从句，介词的选择与先行词或从句谓语形成搭配有关，此处指具体的那一天，用on the day，用介词on。故填on。
25．which
【详解】考查定语从句的关系代词。句意：鲁迅曾经住过的房子现在是一座博物馆。此句考查限制性定语从句，先行词为The house，为物，在从句中作介词in的宾语，设空处只能用关系代词which。故填which。
26．whom
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：但就像任何你喜欢的人一样，顾客也会让你发疯。 结合句意分析句子可知，此处“介词+关系代词”引导限制性定语从句，先行词是anyone，空格处应该填入一个关系代词，代替anyone在从句中做介词for的宾语用whom。故填whom。
27．from
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：句意：现在网上有很多课程，学生可以免费从中选择（来学习）。这是“介词+关系代词”引导的非限制性定语从句，先行词是lessons（指物），表示“从……中选择”用choose from，故填from。
28．which
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：书面汉语也成了一种重要的手段，通过它，中国的现在与过去被连接了起来。分析句子结构可知，空格处是“介词by+which/whom”引导的定语从句，先行词means是物，因此空格处用which，故填which。
29． of whom
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：这就是我们引以为傲的英雄。此处为“介词+关系代词”结构定语从句修饰先行词hero，结合短语be proud of可知应用介词of，作介词的宾语，指人，应用whom。故填of whom。
30． of whom
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：他们就是我们老师很重视的学生。此处为“介词+关系代词”结构定语从句修饰先行词students，结合短语think highly of可知应用介词of，作介词的宾语，指人，应用whom。故填of whom。
31． of whom
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：她正在谈论的那个男孩是我的小儿子。分析句子结构可知，“_______ she is speaking”为定语从句，修饰先行词the boy，如果把定语从句变成句子应为“She is speaking of the boy”，speak of “谈到”，在定语从句中可以把介词of 提到关系词的前面，先行词为人，在定语从句中做介词的宾语。故填of whom。
32． on which
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：我不同意你的论点所依据的事实。当从句的动词后面有介词，并且关系代词在从句中做宾语时，才会出现介词加关系代词的情况。固定搭配be based on“以……为基础”，先行词是the facts。故填on which。
33． in which
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：我永远不会忘记老师教导我的方式。分析句子可知，空处引导定语从句，先行词是the way，故使用“介词in+关系代词”引导，关系词在从句中作in的宾语，先行词指物，故关系代词用which，故填①in②which。
34． in which
【详解】考查定语从句的介词+关系词。句意：这是她妈妈工作的医院。the hospital是先行词，根据动词与先行词的关系，可知是work in the hospital，故设空处应为"介词+which"的结构。故要用in which。
35． to whom
【详解】考查定语从句的介词+关系词。句意：老师们正在谈话的那个学生在英语竞赛中得了第一名。talk to…与某人谈话。to 是根据与动词talk选择的。先行词是the student，在定语从句中作to的宾语，指人的是用whom，故用to whom。
36． on which
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：这就是我花了500美元买的那辆新自行车。短语spend money on sth.把金钱花在……，先行词是the new bicycle，在定语从句中作on 的宾语，指物用which。故填on which。
37． to##with whom
【详解】考查定语从句的介词+关系词。句意：你刚和他说话的人是我们的校长。Speak to/with…与……讲话。先行词是the gentleman，作to/with的宾语，指人，故用to/with whom。
38． on which
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：给我一张纸，我把电话号码写在上面。write the phone number on the paper.先行词是the paper，作on 的宾语，指物，用which。故用on which.
39． with whom
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：昨天和他谈话的人是一个医生。have a talk with sb介词的选用是根据have a talk with sb中可知要选with，先行词是the man.在从句中作have a talk with 的宾语。把with 提到前面。故要用with whom
40．without
【详解】考查“介词+which”引导的限制性定语从句。句意：水是一种人类离开它就不能生存的东西。根据语境可知此处指没有水，人类就不能生存，介词without意为：没有，故用“without+which”引导。故填without。
41．for
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：你能告诉我为什么你没有来参加她的生日聚会吗 句中先行词为reason，在定语从句中作原因状语，所以用关系副词why引导，或用介词for + which。根据句意，故填for。
42．to
【详解】考查介词。句意：在黑暗的街道上，没有一个人可以帮助她。短语：turn to sb. for help“向某人求助”，分析可知，空白处及之后的内容为定语从句，先行词为person，在从句中作介词to的宾语，所以把介词提到了定语从句之前，使用了介词+关系代词引导的定语从句。故填to。
43．about/over
【详解】考查固定短语。句意：最后，他们达成了一项协议，为此这对夫妇争吵了很长时间。固定短语argue over/about“就……争论”，故填over/about。
44．whom
【详解】考查定语从句的关系代词。句意：这就是我兄弟和他一起工作十年的飞行员。在本句中the pilot为先行词，空中的词在定语从句中做介词with的宾语，指代人，故填whom。
45．for
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：该中心还开设了两门生活绘画课程，收取少量费用。分析可知空格所在的部分是一个定语从句，which指代前面整个句子，且表示原因，故用“for+which”引导该定语从句。故填for。
46． to whom
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：我刚才求助的那位女士是我的英语老师。本句为“介词+关系代词”结构定语从句修饰先行词The woman，指人，且turn to sb.是固定搭配，意为“向……求助”，故用介词to，位于介词to后面需用关系代词whom。故填to whom。
47． through which
【详解】考查定语从句关系词。句意：他买了一个望远镜，凭借它他能研究天空。本句为“介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句修饰先行词a telescope，指物，根据与先行词搭配的具体意义可知，此处用介词through，意为“凭借”。故填①through②which。
48．which
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：这就是那个珍贵的明代青花瓷花瓶最终归还原主的故事。此处先行词指“the story”，作定语从句中介词in的宾语，指物，介词+关系代词引导的定语从句，指物，只能用which。故填which。
49．whom
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：苏就是我昨天发短信给的那个人。此处为“介词+关系代词”结构定语从句修饰先行词person ，作介词的宾语，指人，应用whom。故填whom。
50． with whom
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：那位经理就是我们在上次会议上谈话的那个人。根据句意及所给句子可知，此处是“介词+关系代词引导的限定性定语从句”，动词短语talk with“和……谈话”，介词with提前，先行词是the person，指人，应用关系代词whom引导。故填①with；②whom。
51．which
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：我永远不会忘记我第一次见到他的那一天。此处为“介词+关系代词”形式的定语从句，关系词指代先行词day并在从句中作介词on的宾语，故填which。
52．whom
【详解】考查定语从句。句意——她为什么总是向你寻求帮助？——那是因为她没有人可以求助，不是吗？分析句子结构，空处引导定语从句，先行词no one else指代人，关系词在介词to的后面作宾语。故填whom。
53．whom
【详解】考查定语从句。go to sb. for advice向某人寻求建议，the black lawyer是先行词；指“人”的关系代词并且用在介词to后，只能是whom。句意： 1952年我向曼德拉征求建议，那时他是黑人律师。故填whom。
54．whom
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：这位妇女给救她的士兵写了一封感谢信。分析句子可知，by　　　　　①　　　　　 she was rescued为定语从句，修饰先行词the soldier，设空处为引导词，在从句中作介词by的宾语，故填whom。
55．whom
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：一个你可以依靠的真正的朋友是很难找到的。此处为“介词+关系代词”结构定语从句修饰先行词friend，作介词on的宾语，指人，在“介词+关系代词”结构定语从句中，只能用关系代词whom。故填whom。
56．on
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：美国最大的爱好是园艺，也是美国人花费时间、精力和金钱最多的爱好。先行词the one指代上文美国最大的爱好在定语从句中作宾语。固定搭配spend+时间/金钱+on sth.表示“花费时间/金钱在某事上”，所以将介词on提至关系代词which之间，构成介词+关系代词的结构。故填on。
57．which
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：我将永远记得我被大学录取的那一天。此处为“介词+关系代词”结构定语从句修饰先行词day，作介词on的宾语，指物应用关系代词which。故填which。
58．which
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：他们也有一个养鱼的小池塘。在定语从句中，如果句子为介词+关系代词引导的定语从句，指物，用关系代词which引导；指人，用whom引导。此句先行词是pond(池塘)，指物，所以用关系代词which引导该定语从句。故填which。
59．which
【分析】本题考查语法语境应用能力。
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：这就是我昨天告诉你的那本书。分析可知，“about ____________ I told you yesterday”应是之前名词“the book”的定语从句，先行词在从句中作介词“about”的宾语，且介词已置于从句句首，应用关系代词which。故填which。
60．which
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：他递给我一支笔，我用它写下了他的电话号码。句中先行词为pen，在定语从句中作介词with的宾语，所以用关系代词which。故填which。