人教版九年级全册英语 6.When was it invented？SectionA Grammar focus 4a-4c 课件(共23张PPT)

(共23张PPT)
Unit6 When was it invented
Grammar focus 4a—4c
被动语态
链接中考
巩固与提升
变被动语态需要注意的问题
被动语态的构成
主动语态变为被动语态的方法
被动语态的意义
被动语态的使用
课程思维导图
一、 语态分类及意义
英语动词有两种语态，主动语态和被动语态。主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者，被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者。如：
Many people speak English. (主动语态)
English is spoken by many people.(被动语态)
汉语中常用“被”、“给”、“由”、“受”等词来表示被动，而英语用：助动词be + 及物动词的过去分词构成。
二、 被 动 语 态 的 使 用
1.当不知道或没有必要指出动作的执行者时，常用被动语态，这时往往不用by 短语。
Some new computers were stolen last night.(一些新电脑昨晚被盗了）
2.突出或强调动作的承受者，如果需要说出动作的执行者，用by 短语。
The tiger was killed by Mike.(老虎被迈克杀死了)
3.当动作的执行者是事物时，多用被动语态。
The window was blown by wind.(窗户被风吹开了）
三、被 动 语 态 的 构 成
构成：助动词be+及物动词的过去分词（be+done）
动词的过去分词的构成
规则变化
不规则变化
1,2,3,4.
AAA,AAB,ABA,ABB,ABC
1.一般情况，加-ed
2.以e结尾的动词，加-d
3.以重读闭音节结尾的动词末尾只有一个辅音字母，双写这个辅音字母，
再加-ed .
stop-stoppd (停止) plan-planned (计划) shop-shopped (购物 )
prefer-preferred (更喜欢) beg-begged (恳求 ) chat-chatted ( 闲谈) drag-dragged (拉；拽) kid-kidded (开玩笑) sum-summed (总结 ) permit-permitted (允许) regret-regretted(后悔 ) drop-dropped (雨滴等下落)
4.以辅音字母加y结尾的动词，变y为i,再加-ed.
study-studied carry-carried worry-worried
（一）动词过去式及过去分词规则变化
AAA型（原形 原形 原形） cost cost cost 花费 cut cut cut 割,切 put put put 放下
hurt hurt hurt 伤 害 read read read 读
2. AAB型 （原形 原形 过去分词） beat beat beaten 赢，打败
3. ABA型 （原形 过去式 原形）
run ran run 跑 come came come 来 become became become 变
（二）动词过去式及过去分词不规则变化
4.ABB型
1）原形 ought ought
bring brought brought 带来
buy bought bought 买
fight fought fought 打架
think thought thought 思考
2）原形 aught aught
catch caught caught 捉,抓
teach taught taught 教
3）变其中一个辅音字母
build built built 建造
make made made 制造
send sent sent 送，寄
spend spent spent 花费
4）变其中一个元音字母
get got got 得到
win won won 赢
sit sat sat 坐
dig dug dug 挖
5.ABC型
1）原形 过去式 过去分词
原形 ew own
fly flew flown 飞
grow grew grown 生长
know knew known 知道
throw threw thown 扔
2） i a u
begin began begun 开始
drink drank drunk 喝
sing sang sung 唱
swim swam swum 游
3）原形 过去式 过去式+n
choose chose chosen 选择
steal stole stolen 偷
speak spoke spoken 说
break broke broken 破碎,折断
4）原形 过去式 原形+（e）n
eat ate eaten 吃
fall fell fallen 落下
give gave given 给
see saw seen 看
被动语态的构成：
助动词be+及物动词的过去分词 （be+done）
注意:
被动语态的否定句：主语+be not +done…
被动语态一般疑问句：Be+主语+done…
特殊疑问句的被动语态：特殊疑问词+be+主语+done…
被动语态在八种常用时态中的构成
想一想：
一般现在时：
一般过去时：
一般将来时：
过去将来时：
现在进行时：
过去进行时：
现在完成时：
过去完成时：
am / is / are +done
have / has + been + done
am / is / are + being + done
was / were + being + done
should / would + be +done
shall / will +be+ done
was / were + done（重点掌握）
had + been + done
含有情态动词的被动语态：should /would /must …+ be +done
四、主动语态变被动语态的方法
My aunt invited me to her dinner party.
主语 谓语 宾语
主动语态：
1.把主动语态的宾语变成被动语态的主语。
2.把主动语态的谓语变成被动语态的be + 过去分词，时态要与原句保持一致。
3.把主动语态的主语变为介词by的宾语，放在被动语态里谓语动词之后，by 短语
可以省略。
口诀： 宾变主，主变宾，by短语后面跟。 谓语动词变被动，be后“过分”来使用。
被动语态：
was invited
(by my aunt )
to her dinner party.
I
主语
谓语
宾语
1. 在see, watch, hear, notice, make, feel ,listen to, look at等感官动词后加省略to的不定式，但改成被动语态后要把省略的to加上，即be seen/watched/heard/noticed/made…to do sth.
巩固练习：1)The boss made the workers work for 8 hours every day.
2) I saw a thief steal a wallet just now.
The workers were made to work for 8 hours every day.
A thief was seen to steal a wallet just now.
（主动语态） We often hear him play the guitar.
He is often heard to play the guitar.
（被动语态）
巩固与提升：Mary taught us English last year.
We were taught English by Mary last year.
2. 含有双宾语的主动句变被动句时，可分别将其中的一个宾语变为主语，另一个不动，一般变间接宾语(指人)为主语时比较多。
eg: My uncle gave me a present on my birthday.
I was given a present on my birthday.
Rewrite the sentences using the passive voice.
(把下列句子改为被动语态）
1. They sold the fridge at a low price.
2.Somebody stole my camera from my hotel room.
3.Where did you take these photo.
4.Our parents advised us not to go out alone.
5.Different writers translated the book into different language
The fridge was sold at a low price.
My camera was stolen by somebody from my hotel room.
Where were these photos taken
We were advised not to go out alone by our parents.
The book was translated into different languages by different writers .
4a
Complete the sentences with the correct forms of the verbs in the box.
(用方框中所给单词的正确形式填空）
eat lock
like ring
invite break
tell bring
1.You __________ to the party last night,weren’t you Why didn’t you go
2.The earthquake happened all of a sudden, but luckily the villagers ______________ to a safe place.
3.The door ___________ when we arrived ,so we _____the bell.
4.The students _________ not to eat or drink in class,but Ruby ______the rule when she started eating a biscuit in science class.
5.The cookies __________ by the hungry kids in less than 20 minutes ,and they really ______them.
were invited
were brought
was locked
rang
was told
broke
were eaten
liked
4b
3 )祈使句一般没有被动语态。
2)有些及物动词或动词短没有被动语态，如：fit, have, hold, marry, own, wish, cost, notice, agree with, succeed in, happen to, take part in, walk into, belong to等。
4) 系动词没有被动态 。如：appear, be, become, fall, feel, get，grow, keep, look, remain, seem, smell, sound, stay, taste, turn等。
5)有些动词既是及物动词又是不及物动词，当它们和well, badly, easily等副词连用时，用主动表示被动，这时不用被动语态, 常见的有：write, read, clean, sell, wash, cook 等。
1)不及物动词及一些不及物动词短语没有被动语态。
eg：happen, take place, last, come true, die, remain, succeed, fall, arrive 等。
1.Tea ________ (grow)in the south of China.
2.Old people must _____________(look after) well .
3. Great changes_______________(take place )in the past ten years in China.
4.The silk______ (feel)very soft.
5. The teapot ___________(fill with )water。
Fill in the blanks with the correct voice.(用正确的语态填空)
is grown
feels
have taken place
is filled with
be looked after
Decide whether active or passive forms should be used in these sentences . Write the correct forms in the blanks.
(判断句子的语态，然后用括号中所给单词的正确形式填空）
The telephone ____________ (invite) by Alxander Graham Bell .He ___________ (born) in 1847.Mr. Bell________ (work) on the invention of the telephone with Thomas Watson. In1875,Mr.Bell________ (learn)how to send musical notes through an instrument similar to a telephone.Finally, the telephone ____________ (invent)in 1876.The first sentence that _________(say)on the telephone by Mr.Watson was “come here;I want to see you.”Today the telephone __________(use)around the world.

4c
was invented
was born
worked
learned
was invented
was said
was used
1.People use knives for cutting things.
Knives ______ ______ for cutting things.
2.The students clean the windows of their classroom twice a month.
The windows of their classroom______ _______ twice a month.
3. We found the ticket on the floor .
____ ______ ______ ______ on the floor.
4.I told her to return the book in time.
She ______ _______ to return the book in time.
5. His doctor made him have only two meals a day.
He ______ _______ _______ _______ only two meals a day.
are used
are cleaned
The ticket was found
was told
was made to have
六、巩固与提升 把下列主动语态改为被动语态
( ) 1.The book _____into many other languages last year.
A.translated B.be translating C. was translated D. translate
( )2.Light bulbs _____by Thomas Edison more than one hundred years ago.
A. invent B. invented C. are inventing D. were invented
( ) 3. She _____to give a talk about to save water yesterday.
A.invite B. invited C.is invited D. was invited
( ) 4. Chinese New Year _____the Spring Festival. People often eat dumplings.
A. is called B. was called C. calls D. called
( ) 5. Thanks to the government,several new primary school ____in
my hometown last year .
A. build B. built C. are built D. were built
D
C
D
A
D
( ) 6.——Can you sing the English song
——Yes,a little .It _____on the radio yesterday.
A.taught B.is taught C.was taught
( ) 7.——What’s your family rule ,Sam
——Well, I _____to go out with friends on school night.
A.don’t allow B.isn’t allowed C. am not allowed
( ) 8.The telephone _______by Alexander Graham Bell in 1876.
A. is invented B. invented C.was invented
( )9.Rice ____by hand in many countries,such as China and India.
A.grows B. is grown C.grew
( )10.Both Lily and Lucy_____to the party yesterday,but they didn’t come at all.
A. invited B.was invited C. were invited
C
C
B
C
C
被动语态
链接中考
巩固与提升
变被动语态需要注意的问题
被动语态的构成
主动语态变为被动语态的方法
被动语态的
意义
被动语态的使用
summary