北师大版（2019）必修第一册Unit 3 Celebrations Lesson 1 Spring Festival 教案-高中英语

Unit 3 Celebrations
Lesson 1 Spring Festival 教学设计
科目：英语 课题：Lesson 1 Spring Festival 课时：1课时
教学目标与核心素养：
知识目标：Students can learn some new words and expressions and the passive.
能力目标：Students can have a further understanding of the passage.
情感目标：Students can think individually and learn cooperatively.
教学重难点：
教学重点：How to learn the new words and expressions and the passive.
教学难点：How to make students have a better understanding of the passage.
课前准备：多媒体，黑板，粉笔
教学过程：
一、Pre-reading
1. Greeting
2. Leading-in
ACTIVATE AND SHARE
1. 教师活动：教师提问。
What does Spring Festival mean to you What words immediately come to your mind for describing its meaning
Ask students to think and share their answers.
2. 教师活动：教师提问。
How do you and your family celebrate Spring Festival Use the phrases to help you.
to have a family gathering to get together to prepare snacks
to make dumplings to put up decorations to let off fireworks
Example My family celebrates Spring Festival by making dumplings together.
Ask students to think and share their answers.
二、While- reading
READ AND EXPLORE
1. 学生活动：阅读文章，完成练习。
Read the three readers' accounts. Use a few words to summarise the meaning of Spring Festival for each account. Give your reasons.
(Suggested answers:
For Tom, Spring Festival means excitement and a lot of fun.
For Xu Gang, coming home and being with his entire family is the most important part of the Spring Festival.
For Li Yan, Spring Festival is family time.)
2. 学生活动：阅读文章，完成练习。
Read again. Find out each person's experience of Spring Festival in the three accounts. Take notes.
Tom Xu Gang Li Yan
Where and with whom with his host family in Nanjing
Preparations before Spring Festival
Activities during Spring Festival
(Suggested answers:
Tom Xu Gang Li Yan
Where and with whom with his host family in Nanjing at parents' home at home
Preparations before Spring Festival cleaning the house, attaching Fu upside down to the front door booking travel tickets and choosing gifts for parents getting ready for children coming back, buying things and preparing dishes
Activities during Spring Festival setting off and watching fireworks, enjoying a big dinner chatting with his parents and having hotpot children running/ shouting/ playing, adults talking/ making jiaozi together
3. 学生活动：Pair Work
Find at least three descriptive sentences in the accounts that provide a vivid picture of Spring Festival. Share with your partner.
Example The moment I get on the train, I am surrounded by Shanxi accents.
(Suggested answers:
Fireworks were being let off across the city, suddenly lighting up the night sky. When I was a kid, Spring Festival was all about firecrackers, sweets and decorations. As I get older, coming home and being with my entire family is the most important part of it. Our house buzzes with activities when everyone comes home.)
三、After-reading
1. 学生活动：Group Work Think and Share
What can you infer from Xu Gang's and Li Yan's accounts What does it mean in Chinese culture (Suggested answers:
Family reunion is the central theme of both accounts. This shows the importance of family in Chinese culture.)
2. 学生活动：完成练习。
Complete the information with the words or phrases you have learnt.
Tom Jenkins spent his first Spring Festival with his host family. A week before the festival, the host mother Mrs Chen began preparations. She 1 ______________ the dirt of the house from top to bottom to make it ready for the new year. She also 2 ______________ the Chinese 3 ______________ FU 4 ______________ on the front door to welcome happiness. Tom also learnt that playing fireworks was to scare away the monster Nian.
Xu Gang usually books the ticket of trains or 5______________ for his trip home weeks before Spring Festival. When he gets on the train, he is 6 ______________ by Shanxi 7______________. When he gets home, his parents always 8 ______________ what happened to the people he knows. Being with his 9 ______________ family is the most important part of Spring Festival for him.
Li Yan and her husband are 10 ______________. They start preparing for their family's return weeks before Spring Festival. When everyone gets home, their house 11 ______________ with activities. One of their favourite family traditions is to make jiaozi.
Family being together is one of the 12 ______________ of Spring Festival throughout history.
(Suggested answers:
1 swept away 2 attached 3 character 4 upside down 5 flights 6 surrounded
7 accents 8 fill him in on 9 entire 10 retired 11 buzzes 12 spirit)
FOCUS ON LANGUAGE: THE PASSIVE
1. 学生活动：Highlight the structure of passive voice in these sentences. Underline more examples in the texts.
1 The house was cleaned from top to bottom.
2 It is believed that when Fu is put upside down, happiness arrives.
3 Train tickets or flights have to be booked as early as possible.
4 The spirit of the festival – the spirit of family – has largely been kept.
(Answers:
1 was cleaned 2 is believed; is put 3 be booked 4 has largely been kept)
2. 学生活动：Choose a proper option for each situation. Explain why.
1 My friend George draws landscape pictures. _____________
a He sells them for money. b They are sold by him for money.
2 There's somebody behind us. _____________
a I think we're being followed. b I think someone is following us.
3 This orange juice tastes awful. _____________
a I think someone has left it outside the fridge for a long time.
b I think it's been left outside the fridge for a long time.
4 Tommy takes good care of his car. _____________
a He washes the car every week. b The car is washed by him every week.
5 The old lady rented an old house. _____________
a Somebody built it in 1900. b It was built in 1900.
(Suggested answers:
1 a 2 a 3 b 4 a 5 b
Explanations
1 What George does is more important than the pictures in the sentences, so "he" is put in the starting point of the second sentence.
2 "We" in the starting point of the sentence has better effect of showing the dangerous situation. It matters less to know who is following us.
3 "It" in the starting point of the clause shows that what happened to the juice is more closely related to the taste of the juice. It is less important to know who did it because such information would not change the fact about taste. He" in the starting point of the sentence better supports the idea stated in the first sentence.
4 What "he" does, not what the car is like shows his care for the car.
5 "It" in the starting point of the sentence draws more attention to the house, not who built it, and better supports the quality of the house, "old".)
3. 学生活动：Read the news report. Rewrite the underlined sections in passive voice.
(1) The Lantern Show in Datong, a historic city in northern China, is attracting tens of thousands of visitors during the Spring Festival holiday.
The Lantern Show exhibits over 60 series of lanterns, among which 12 are ice lanterns.
(2) People mix traditional lanterns with ice lanterns to create a special and happy atmosphere. The show usually starts from the fifth day of Spring Festival. Besides the Lantern Show, people can also enjoy many other activities, including traditional operas and lantern riddle guessing games.
(3) Last year, the government rebuilt the ancient walls in this city and (4) this year, the government organised the Lantern Show under the ancient walls for the first time. The newly built ancient walls have now become a calling card for the city.
Officials say that over 80,000 people visited the show on the first day. (5) They expect more people to visit in the coming days. The Lantern Show ends on 16 February.
(Answers:
(1) Tens of thousands of visitors are being attracted by the Lantern Show in Datong, a historic city in northern China, during the Spring Festival holiday.
(2) Traditional lanterns and ice lanterns are mixed to create a special and happy atmosphere.
(3) The ancient walls in this city were rebuilt by the government last year.
(4) The Lantern Show was organized by the government under the ancient walls for the first time this year.
(5) More people are expected to visit in the coming days.)
EXPRESS YOURSELF
1. 学生活动：Group Work
Where and with whom did you spend the last Spring Festival What preparations did you make What activities did you do How do you feel about it
2. 学生活动：Group Work
Compare among group members the different experiences and feelings about the last Spring Festival. Then report to the class.
语法：被动语态
英语有两种语态：主动语态和被动语态。主动语态表示主语是谓语动作的执行者；被动语态表示主语是谓语动作的承受者，其结构为：be+过去分词。在被动语态中，动作的执行者常跟在by后。
1. 被动语态的使用场合、形式及特殊情况
被动语态是动词的一种特殊形式，表示句子的主语是动作的承受者，即动作的对象。一般来说，只有需要动作对象的及物动词才有被动语态，不及物动词没有被动语态。
（1）被动语态的使用场合
① 不知道或没必要说明动作的执行者
Do you know when the new railway will be opened
你知道新铁路什么时候通车吗？
② 强调动作的承受者
The novel was written by the high school student.
这部小说是这个高中生写的。
③ 表示委婉或礼貌，避免提及动作的执行者
You are cordially invited to a party to be held at the Workers' Club at 7 p.m. on May 1.
热情邀请您参加5月1日晚上7点在工人俱乐部举行的聚会。
④ 修辞需要，为了使句子简练
She stepped onto the stage and was warmly applauded by the audience.
她走上舞台，观众给予了热烈的掌声。
（2）被动语态的形式：被动语态的时态、人称和数的变化（以动词do为例）：
一般式 进行式 完成式
现在 am/ is/ are done am/ is/ are being done has/ have been done
过去 was/ were done was/ were being done had been done
将来 will/ shall be done will/ shall have been done
Rice is grown in the south of the US.
水稻在美国南部种植。
I'm afraid I am being followed.
恐怕我正在被人跟踪。
The plan was generally considered not practical.
人们普遍认为这个计划不切实际。
被动语态除了用“be+过去分词”结构外，还可用“get +过去分词”结构。这种结构多用于口语中，强调动作的结果，动作的执行者一般不表示出来。
The boy got hurt when he was riding to school.
那个男孩骑车上学时受伤了。
（3）被动语态的特殊情况
① 含有情态动词的被动语态
构成：情态动词+be+过去分词。
All the letters should be answered immediately.
所有的信件都应立刻回复。
② 不定式的被动语态
一般式 (to be done)：表示不定式动作发生在谓语动作之后或与其（几乎）同时发生
完成式 (to have been done)：表示不定式动作发生在谓语动作之前
The book is said to be published soon.
据说这本书很快就会出版。
The book is said to have been translated into many languages.
据说这本书已被译成很多种语言。
③ 接双宾语的动词变被动语态
有些动词在主动语态中常接双宾语，即直接宾语（一般指物）和间接宾语（一般指人）。在变为被动语态时，如果间接宾语被提前作主语，那么直接宾语保留不变；如果直接宾语被提前作主语，那么间接宾语前一般要加上相应的介词to或for。
We gave him the letter.
= He was given the letter by us.
= The letter was given to him by us.
我们把那封信给他了。
She bought her mother a new coat.
= Her mother was bought a new coat by her.
= A new coat was bought for her mother by her.
她给她妈妈买了一件新大衣。
④ 接复合结构的动词变被动语态
应将宾语变为被动句的主语，而宾语补足语保留不动（此时宾语补足语变为主语补足语）。
We elected him our monitor.
= He was elected our monitor by us.
我们选他当我们的班长。
2. 主动形式表示被动意义
（1）连系动词（如 look, sound, smell, feel, taste, remain等）后接表语时，一般用主动形式表示被动意义。
Your advice sounds practical.
你的建议听起来切实可行。
Whether we can have a holiday remains unknown.
我们是否有假期还不知道。
The material feels very soft.
这种材料摸起来很柔软。
The cake tastes very delicious.
这个蛋糕尝起来很美味。
（2）read, write, wash, sell, wear, cook, lock, shut, open, drink 等表示主语的某种属性特征的动词，通常用主动形式表示被动意义，其后常用副词修饰。
The book sells quickly.
这本书卖得快。
（3）表示开始、结束、运动的动词（如begin, start, end, finish, close, stop, move, run等）通常用主动形式表示被动意义。
The shop closes at 6 p.m. every day.
这家商店每天下午6点关门。
3. 使用被动语态应注意的问题
（1）不及物动词（短语）无被动语态。常见的不及物动词（短语）有appear, die, disappear, fail, happen, lie, remain, break out, come true, fall asleep, keep silent, lose heart, take place, run out等。
We cannot say for sure what will happen.
我们无法确定会发生什么事。
（2）在主动语态里，动词see, make, hear, watch, notice等后面作宾语补足语的动词不定式不带to，但变为被动语态时，必须补上to。
They made him go there alone.
他们让他独自去那里。（主动语态）
He was made to go there alone by them.
他们让他独自去那里。（被动语态）
（3）带介词或副词的动词短语（如 look after, put on, pay attention to）用于被动语态时，它们原来所带的介词或副词应保留下来。
She often looks after the old man.
她经常照顾那位老人。（主动语态）
The old man is often looked after by her.
她经常照顾那位老人。（被动语态）
练习：
1. He usually gets ___________ (pay) by the hour.
2. The first railway in the world ___________ (design) in the last century.
3. Five units of this textbook ___________ (study) by the end of last month.
4. After school we went to the reading room to do some reading, only to be told that it ___________ (decorate).
5. Look! A nice picture ___________ (draw) by our teacher.
6. In this forest, over 50% of the trees ___________ (damage) so far.
7. Come and sit down by the fire. Your hands ___________ (feel) so cold.
8. The parts of a museum open to the public ___________ (call) galleries or rooms.
(Answers:
1. paid 2. was designed 3. had been studied 4. was being decorated
5. is being drawn 6. have been damaged 7. feel 8. are called)
四、Summary
重点词汇：account, spend, retired, occasion, spirit, tradition, practice, come to an end, at peace, put up, be up to
重点句型：“It + be + 过去分词 + that...”句型；the moment引导时间状语从句；what 引导主语从句；现在分词（短语）作伴随状语
重点语法：被动语态
五、Homework
Write a short passage about Spring Festival.
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