中考英语单选分类训练（短语）（含解析）

单项选择（短语）
1．To catch the train, Tom ________ to arrive at the station before six o’clock.
A．is supposed B．supposes C．will suppose
2．My brother would rather ________ at home than ________ soccer with us.
A．stay; play B．to stay; play C．staying; to play
3．—Beth, I haven’t seen you for a long time and I miss you so much!
—Just ________ when you are free.
A．take off B．drop by C．talk back D．pass by
4．This book must belong ________ Mike.
A．by B．at C．on D．to
5．We ________ to check our papers several times before handing them in.
A．suppose B．supposed C．are supposed D．are supposing
6．You are supposed ________ your coat because of the hot weather.
A．to get off B．shutting off C．to take off
7．—What kind of music do you prefer, Gina
—I prefer music that I can sing along ________ and dance ________.
A．to; with B．to; to C．with; with D．with; to
8．The nurses in the hospital often ________ their patients, so they are respected by people.
A．call on B．go with C．care about D．take after
9．—Did you see Wang Yaping’s 5-year-old daughter cheering her before the Shenzhou-13 spaceship ________.
—Yes. She must take pride in her mother.
A．came up B．took off C．made of D．covered with
10．We must let the Americans know clearly that the islands ________ China.
A．belong to B．come over C．belong in
11．David wasn’t guilty ________ murder. In fact, he always got along well ________ others.
A．of; with B．of; of C．with; of D．with; with
12．—The government has developed the law ________.
—Yeah, clean water and green mountains are as valuable as mountains of gold and silver.
A．to keep restaurants clean B．to stop food waste C．to protect the environment
13．—Steve, your room is a bit of mess. Can you put things in order
—OK, mom, I will ________ them ________ right now.
A．put, away B．take, away C．throw, away
14．—My parents take me to so many after-class activities, I feel so tired.
—Why not ask them to ________ some
A．cut out B．cut off C．cut up
15．—Our country has been developing fast in recent years.
—You are right. I believe every Chinese ________ that.
A．is worried about B．is proud of C．is strict with
16．—You look very happy. What happened
—I met my first English teacher ________ in the street. I haven’t seen her for eight years.
A．in public B．by mistake C．by accident
17．—Mom, was your school far away from home
—Yes, I ________ walk three kilometers to go to school every day.
A．use to B．used to C．got used to
18．—I want to buy a ticket to the movie.
—Sorry, we have ________ all the tickets.
A．work out B．find out C．take out D．sold out
19．—Why did Carl look upset yesterday
—Bert didn’t invite him to the party, so he felt ________.
A．pulled together B．left out C．given up D．kicked off
20．Some animals spend a lot of energy ________ food. Life is hard for them.
A．looking at B．turning on C．searching for
21．—Hi, Simon. You look so excited. What happened
—We won the football match, and the result ________ to be better than expected.
A．turned out B．found out C．worked out D．put out
22．Some people always mistake Sydney, a world-famous city, ________ the capital of Australia. In fact, its capital is Canberra.
A．to B．of C．for D．into
23．Mum asked me to ________ for dinner just now.
A．lay the table B．go to sleep C．keep a diary D．take a vacation
24．Tooth health plays an important part in our daily life. So our teeth should ________ .
A．take care B．be taken care of C．take care of D．be taken care
25．Old people would rather ________ in the peaceful countryside while the young prefer ________ a modern city life to staying in the country.
A．to live；enjoying B．live；enjoying C．to live；to enjoy D．live；to enjoy
26．Try to make full use of your time, or you may ________ achieving nothing.
A．give up B．make up C．put up D．end up
27．Work harder, or you won’t end up ________ a professional dancer.
A．by B．with C．in D．as
28．—________ off the radio, Sally. It’s time to go to bed.
—OK, Mom.
A．Turn B．Turned C．Turning D．To turn
29．The job ________ to be much harder than we thought.
A．tried out B．turned out C．broke out D．put out
30．Our country has controlled the spread of the virus (病毒). ________, it has also helped the world with millions of vaccines (疫苗).
A．At the same time B．In that case
C．To start with D．After all
31．I’m ________ the result, though it took a long time to complete the job.
A．strict with B．pleased with
C．worried about D．sorry for
32．It’s polite to ________ the bus in line when the bus is coming.
A．put on B．get on
C．turn on D．come on
33．No one is perfect. Anyone makes mistakes _________.
A．at times B．all the time
C．at one time D．on time
34．—I don’t understand the long and hard English sentence. Can you ________ Chinese
—Let me have a try.
A．divide it into B．translate it into C．share it with
35．— What subject do you like best
— History, but I’m ________ it. I’m going to turn to Mr. Lin.
A．weak in B．good at C．interested in
36．—Could you tell me how to improve my English listening skill
—Sue. _______ helps.
A．Listening to the tape B．Giving up English learning C．Keeping a diary every day
37．—I coughed day and night. What should I do, Doctor
—First of all, you’d better ________ smoking.
A．give up B．take up C．turn down
38．What has ________ the world’s population
A．happening to B．taking place
C．happened to D．taken place
39．―How do you usually ________ your old clothes
—I always send them to the poor area.
A．increase to B．carry out C．deal with D．do with
40．—Dad, my teacher said I had made a lot of progress recently.
—I’m glad to hear that. But I think you still ________.
A．have a long way to go B．have fun
C．have a rest D．have a good time
41．—What will you do after you graduate from college
—I want to be an artist. But my mother advises me ________ an art teacher.
A．becoming B．becomes C．will become D．to become
42．Sam worked harder than before ________ pass the final exam.
A．in order to B．so that C．such that D．thanks to
43．—Your sweater looks very nice.
—Thank you. It’s ________ cotton. So it’s very comfortable.
A．made of B．make of C．made from D．make from
44．—Could you tell me how the car accident ________
—Sure.
A．came about B．came on C．came over D．came out
45．I wish that Chinese can walk on the moon ________.
A．some days B．any days C．some day D．any day
46．—I’m always _________ about our son.
—_________ He is no longer a little child and he can look after himself well now.
A．worry; Don’t worry. B．worried; No need to worry. C．worried; All right.
47．— Would you like to play soccer with me this Sunday
— Yes, I’d love to. But my good friend is leaving for Hong Kong. I have to _________.
A．see off him B．take him away C．see him off
48．Don’t _________ your hand _________ of the bus. It’s dangerous.
A．put; out B．put; down C．take; out
49．—Have you _________ any activities to help children
—Sure. I did it last year.
A．take part in B．join C．taken part in D．joined
50．Our class _________ a funny show at the New Year’s party.
A．put away B．put down C．put on D．put up
参考答案：
1．A
【详解】句意：为了赶上火车，汤姆应该在六点钟之前到达车站。
考查动词短语。be supposed to do sth.“应该做某事”，固定用法。故选A。
2．A
【详解】句意：我哥哥宁愿待在家里也不愿和我们一起踢足球。
考查固定短语。would rather do than do“宁愿做也不愿做”，为固定短语。两个动词都用原形，故选A。
3．B
【详解】句意：——Beth，我很长一段时间没有看到你了，我很想你！——当你有空了就过来看看。
考查动词短语。take off脱掉；drop by顺便来访；talk back顶嘴；pass by经过。根据“when you are free”可知是有空的时候顺便过来看看。故选B。
4．D
【详解】句意：这本书一定属于Mike。
考查介词辨析。by通过；at在（某处）；on在……上面；to到；朝向。此处短语“belong to”表示“属于某人”，因此介词用“to”。故选D。
5．C
【详解】句意：我们应该在交卷前检查几次。
考查固定句式。sb be supposed to do sth.表示“某人应该做某事”，此处是固定句型，故选C。
6．C
【详解】句意：由于天气炎热，你应该脱掉外套。
考查动词短语。get off下车；shut off关闭；take off脱掉，起飞。be supposed to do sth“应该做某事”。根据“because of the hot weather”，可知天气炎热，应该脱掉外套。故选C。
7．D
【详解】句意：——吉娜，你喜欢哪种音乐？——我更喜欢我可以一起唱歌和跳舞的音乐。
考查介词辨析。to向；with随着。根据固定搭配sing along with“跟着一起唱”和dance to“跟着跳舞”，空处应填with和to。故选D。
8．C
【详解】句意：医院的护士经常关心他们的病人，因此他们受到人们的尊重。
考查动词短语。call on呼吁；go with与……一起去；care about关心；take after长得像。根据“The nurses in the hospital often...their patients”可知护士是照顾和关心病人的人，故选C。
9．B
【详解】句意：——你看到王亚平5岁的女儿在神舟十三号飞船起飞前为她欢呼了吗？——看到了。她一定以她的母亲为傲。
考查动词短语。came up发生；took off起飞；made of由……组成；covered with用……覆盖。根据“the Shenzhou-13 spaceship”可知是指神舟十三号飞船的起飞，故选B。
10．A
【详解】句意：我们必须让美国人清楚地知道，这些岛屿属于中国。
考查动词短语。belong to属于……一部分/成员；come over顺便来访；过来；belong in应归于……（地方、范畴）；根据“the islands”和“China”可知，岛屿属于中国的一部分，故选A。
11．A
【详解】句意：David没有犯谋杀罪。事实上，他总是与别人相处得很好。
考查介词辨析。of属于……的；with和。be guilty of表示“有……之罪”，be not guilty of则表示“没有……之罪”，因此第一空应填入介词of。get along well with sb表示“与某人相处得很好”，因此第二空应填入介词with。故选A。
12．C
【详解】句意：——政府制定了保护环境的法规。——是啊，绿水青山就是金山银山。
考查动词短语。to keep restaurants clean保持餐厅清洁；to stop food waste杜绝食物浪费；to protect the environment保护环境。根据“clean water and green mountains are as valuable as mountains of gold and silver.”可知，该法规与保护环境有关，故选C。
13．A
【详解】句意：——史蒂夫，你的房间有点乱。你能把东西整理好吗？——好的，妈妈，我现在就把它们收起来。
考查动词短语。put...away放好；take...away拿走；throw...away扔掉。根据“Can you put things in order”可知，要整理房间，应是把东西整理好，故选A。
14．A
【详解】句意：——我的父母带我参加了很多课外活动，我觉得很累。——为什么不让他们删去一些呢？
考查动词短语辨析。cut out删除；cut off切断；cut up切碎。根据“My parents take me to so many after-class activities, I feel so tired.”可知，此处建议“删去”一些课外活动。故选A。
15．B
【详解】句意：——近年来我国发展迅速。——你说得对。我相信每个中国人都为此感到骄傲。
考查形容词短语。is worried about担心；is proud of以……为骄傲；is strict with对……严厉。根据“Our country has been developing fast in recent years.”可知近年来我国发展迅速，中国人应是为之骄傲的。故选B。
16．C
【详解】句意：——你看起来很开心。怎么了？——我在街上偶然遇见了我的第一位英语老师。我已经八年没见到她了。
考查介词短语。in public公开地；by mistake错误地；by accident偶然地。根据“in the street”可知是在街上偶然遇到了老师。故选C。
17．B
【详解】句意：——妈妈，你的学校离家很远吗？——是的，我以前每天步行三公里去上学。
考查动词短语。use to do错误表达；used to do sth.过去常常做某事；got used to doing sth.习惯做某事。根据“Mom, was your school far away from home ”可知时态为一般过去时，且答句中的“walk” 是动词原形，此处应讲过去常常做某事。故选B。
18．D
【详解】句意：——我想买一张电影票。——抱歉，我们已经卖光所有的票了。
考查动词短语。work out解决；find out发现；take out取出；sold out卖光。根据“Sorry”和“all the tickets”可知此处应用“sold out”表示“卖光”。故选D。
19．B
【详解】句意：——为什么卡尔昨天看起来很沮丧？——伯特没有邀请他参加聚会，所以他觉得被冷落了。
考查动词短语。pull together齐心协力；leave out遗漏，冷落；give up放弃；kick off踢开。根据“Bert didn’t invite him to the party, so he felt”可知他没有被邀请，所以他感到被冷落了。故选B。
20．C
【详解】句意：有些动物花费大量的精力寻找食物。生活对它们来说是艰难的。
考查动词短语辨析。look at看；turn on打开；search for寻找。根据“Some animals spend a lot of energy… food”可知，花大量的精力找食物，故选C。
21．A
【详解】句意：——你好，西蒙！你看起来很兴奋。发生了什么事？——我们赢得了足球比赛，结果比预期的还要好。
考查动词短语。turn out结果是；find out查明；work out计算出；put out扑灭；根据“to be better than expected”可知，此处说的是结果是赢得了足球比赛，用turn out to be表示，故选A。
22．C
【详解】句意：一些人总是把悉尼，一个世界著名的城市，误认为是澳大利亚的首都。事实上，澳大利亚的首都是堪培拉。
考查介词的用法。根据题干“Some people always mistake Sydney”可知，一些人总把悉尼这个澳大利亚城市当做其首都，mistake... for...，意为“错把……当作”，是一个固定短语，因此选C，符合句意。故选C。
23．A
【详解】句意：刚才妈妈叫我摆放好桌子吃晚饭。
考查动词短语。lay the table摆好饭桌；go to sleep睡觉；keep a diary记日记；take a vacation度假。根据空后“for dinner”可知是吃晚饭，所以结合选项可猜测要先摆好饭桌。故选A。
24．B
【详解】句意：牙齿健康在我们的日常生活中扮演着重要的角色。所以我们应该照顾好自己的牙齿。
考查被动语态。主语“our teeth”与“take care of照顾”之间是被动关系，用被动语态be+done的结构，且介词of保留。故选B。
25．B
【详解】句意：老年人宁愿在宁静的山村里生活，而年轻人，比起待在乡下，更喜欢在现代化的大城市里生活。
考查情态动词后加动词原形和动名词作宾语。to live生活，动词不定式；live生活，动词原形；enjoying喜欢，动名词；to enjoy喜欢，动词不定式。would rather do sth表示“宁愿做某事”，因此第一空应填动词原形live；prefer doing sth to doing sth表示“宁愿做……也不愿意做……”，因此第二空应填动名词enjoying。故选B。
26．D
【详解】句意：尝试充分利用时间，否则的话，你最终可能会什么也做不成。
考查动词词组辨析。give up放弃；make up组成；put up张贴；end up结束。根据“Try to make full use of your time, or...”和“...achieving nothing”可知，应该是最终什么也做不成。故选D。
27．D
【详解】句意：努力工作，否则你最终不会成为一名专业的舞者。
考查介词辨析。by通过；with和……一起，用；in在……里面；as作为。根据空前动词短语end up“结束”以及空后名词短语a professional dancer“一名专业的舞者”可知，此处考查短语end up as“以……结束，最终成为”，后接身份。故选D。
28．A
【详解】句意：——Sally，关掉收音机。该睡觉了。——好的，妈妈。
考查祈使句。根据语境和句子结构可知此句是祈使句，用动词原形开头，因此此处用“Turn”。故选A。
29．B
【详解】句意：结果证明这份工作比我们想象的困难得多。
考查动词短语。tried out尝试；turned out结果是；broke out爆发；put out扑灭。根据“The job ... to be much harder than we thought.”可知，此处表示“结果是”。故选B。
30．A
【详解】句意：我们的国家已经控制了病毒的传播。与此同时，它也为世界提供了数百万疫苗。
考查介词短语。At the same time同时；In that case在那种情况下；To start with以……开始；After all毕竟。“it has also helped the world with millions of vaccines”和前句“Our country has controlled the spread of the virus”表示同时发生的两件事，因此此处应用“At the same time”。故选A。
31．B
【详解】句意：我对结果感到满意，尽管完成这项工作花了很长时间。
考查形容词短语。strict with对……严格；pleased with对……满意；worried about担忧；sorry for对不起。根据“though it took a long time to complete the job.”可知尽管完成这项工作花了很长时间，但是对于结果还是满意的，故选B。
32．B
【详解】句意：公共汽车来的时候排队上车是礼貌的。
考查动词短语。put on穿上；get on上车；turn on打开；come on加油。根据“the bus in line when the bus is coming.”可知是指上车，故选B。
33．A
【详解】句意：人无完人。任何人都有犯错的时候。
考查副词短语。at times有时候；all the time一直；at one time一度；on time准时。根据“No one is perfect. Anyone makes mistakes”可知没有人是完美的，任何人有时候都会犯错，故选A。
34．B
【详解】句意：——我不明白那个又长又难的英语句子。你能把它翻译成中文吗？——让我试试。
考查动词短语。divide it into把它分成；translate it into 把它翻译成；share it with和……分享。根据“I don’t understand the long and hard English sentence”以及“Chinese”可知是指翻译成中文，故选B。
35．A
【详解】句意：——你最喜欢什么科目？——历史，但我在这方面很弱。我要去找林老师。
考查形容词短语辨析。be weak in在某方面薄弱；be good at擅长；be interested in对……感兴趣。根据“but”以及“I’m going to turn to Mr. Lin.”可知，在历史学科很薄弱。故选A。
36．A
【详解】句意：——你能告诉我如何提高我的英语听力吗？——当然。听录音有帮助。
考查动词短语。Listening to the tape听录音；Giving up English learning放弃英语学习；Keeping a diary every day每天记日记。根据“how to improve my English listening skill”可知，能够提高听力的方法是听磁带听录音，故选A。
37．A
【详解】句意：——我日夜咳嗽。我该怎么办呢，医生？——首先，你最好戒烟。
考查动词辨析。give up放弃；take up开始从事；turn down调低，关小。根据“I coughed day and night”并结合选项可知，医生给出的建议应是放弃吸烟。故选A。
38．C
【详解】句意：世界人口发生了什么变化？
考查动词短语和时态。happen to sb./sth.某人/某物发生……；take place发生，不及物动词短语，后面不跟宾语。句中跟了宾语“the world’s population”，排除B、D；由句中has可知，此句用现在完成时，其构成为“has/have done”，故选C。
39．C
【详解】句意：——你通常怎么处理你的旧衣服？——我总是把他们送到贫困地区。
考查动词短语。increase to增加到；carry out执行；deal with处理，与how搭配；do with处理，与what搭配。根据“I always send them to the poor area.”可知，此处是回答处理旧衣服的方式，且与how连用，故选C。
40．A
【详解】句意：——爸爸，老师说我最近进步很大。——听你这么说我很高兴。但我认为你还有很长的路要走。
考查动词短语。have a long way to go有很长的路要走；have fun玩的愉快；have a rest休息一下；have a good time玩的愉快。根据“my teacher said I had made a lot of progress recently”和“I’m glad to hear that. But”可知，But前后为转折关系，虽然听到进步了很开心，但仍然还有很长的要走。故选A。
41．D
【详解】句意：——你大学毕业后要去做什么？——我想成为一名画家。但我妈妈建议我去当一名美术老师。
考查非谓语动词。根据“advises me ... an art teacher”可知考查advise sb to do sth“建议某人做某事” ，其中to do为不定式，作宾语补足语。故选D。
42．A
【详解】句意：为了通过期末考试，山姆比以前更努力了。
考查词义辨析。in order to“为了（做某事）”，后面跟动词原形；so that“因此，以便”，引导目的和结果状语从句；such that这里such是代词，不是形容词；thanks to“幸亏”，介词词组，后面跟名词。由“pass the final exam”是动词短语，可知填in order to。故选A。
43．A
【详解】句意：——你的毛衣看起来很漂亮。——谢谢。它是棉花做的。所以非常舒服。
考查动词短语和被动语态。主语“It”和所给谓语动词make构成被动语态，其构成为“be+过去分词”。be made of由……制成，从成品能看出原材料；make of由……制成，从成品能看出原材料，不是被动语态，排除；be made from由……制成，从成品不能看出原材料；make from由……制成，从成品不能看出原材料，不是被动语态，故排除。此句是说毛衣由棉制成，从成品能看出原料，故选A。
44．A
【详解】句意：——你能告诉我这次汽车事故是如何发生的吗？——当然可以。
考查动词短语辨析。came about发生；came on快点；came over过来；came out出版。根据“how the car accident…”可知，此处指“发生事故”。故选A。
45．C
【详解】句意：我希望中国人有一天能在月球上行走。
考查代词辨析。some days有些时候；any days有些时候；some day总有一天；any day任意一天。根据“I wish that Chinese can walk on the moon”可知此处意为某天，有一天。故选C。
46．B
【详解】句意：——我一直担心我们的儿子。——不用担心。他不再是小孩子了而且他能很好地照顾自己。
考查形容词短语和情景交际。worry担心，动词；Don’t worry不用担心；worried担心的，形容词；No need to worry不用担心；All right好吧。be worried about“为……而担心”，形容词短语，可排除A项。根据“He is no longer a little child...”可知，空处应表达不用担心。故选B。
47．C
【详解】句意：——这个星期天你愿意和我一起踢足球吗？——是的，我很想去。但我的好朋友要去香港了。我不得不为他送行。
考查动词短语。see off送行；take away带走。根据“my good friend is leaving for Hong Kong”可知，要为朋友送行。see off属于“动词+副词”短语，代词放在动词和副词中间。故选C。
48．A
【详解】句意：不要把你的手伸到公交车外。这是危险的。
考查动词短语。put out伸出；put down放下；take out拿出。根据“It’s dangerous.”结合常识，可知把手伸到车外是危险的，因此A选项符合语境。故选A。
49．C
【详解】句意：——你参加过任何帮助孩子的活动吗？——当然。我去年参加的。
考查动词时态和动词短语。take part in参加；join参加。根据“any activities”可知参加活动用短语take part in，排除BD选项；此处动词用过去分词和助动词have构成现在完成时。故选C。
50．C
【详解】句意：我们班在新年晚会上表演了一个有趣的节目。
考查动词短语。put away收起来；put down放下；put on表演；put up张贴。根据“a funny show”可知是表演了一个有趣的节目。故选C。