中考英语阅读理解专项训练（解析版）

阅读理解
On May 22, 2021, the whole nation was saddened by the news that Chinese scientist Yuan Longping died.
Dr Yuan Longping worked most of his life growing better rice. As a result of his research, Chinese people are no longer worried about getting starved. His great work also helped the world produce more and more rice.
In the 1960s, Yuan saw many people die of hunger every day. Since then, he has researched how to grow much better crops.
In 1964, he happened to find a natural hybrid rice（杂交水稻）plant that had great advantages over others. He then began to study the parts of this unusual plant.
In 1973, he started to develop a type of hybrid rice species（种类）. It produced 20% more rice per unit than common ones. The seeding（种植）was very successful in the following year. This progress made China the world’s leader in rice production.
More than 50% of China’s total rice fields grow Yuan’s hybrid species. People call him the “Father of Hybrid Rice”.
Yuan once said he had two dreams—to “enjoy the cool under the rice crops teller than men” and that hybrid rice could be grown all over the world to help solve the food problem of the whole world.
1．What does the underlined word “starved” in paragraph 2 mean in Chinese
A．挨饿 B．受冻 C．致贫 D．衰老
2．Which of the following is TRUE according to the last three paragraphs
A．Yuan Longping succeeded in seeding hybrid rice in 1973.
B．Yuan’s hybrid rice is grown in all of China’s rice fields.
C．Yuan’s hybrid rice can provide all people in the world with rice.
D．Yuan’s hybrid rice made China the world’s leader in rice production.
3．What does the story mainly talk about
A．How to grow rice. B．What great dreams are.
C．The “Father of hybrid Rice”. D．Different rice species.
Our school’s science festival just ended a few days ago. What interested me most was the time we spent making a car. It was made out of corrugated cardboard（瓦楞纸板）, but could still hold a person, as well as move.
We were excited about this idea, but we found it hard to make the car. It seemed impossible for a cardboard car to carry someone. Our physics teacher showed us a video. There was some corrugated card-board shaped like a “V” or “W” in the video. It could hold more weight. This gave us the idea to make the car after getting the proper materials（材料）.
Because there was not much time left for us, we had to finish it as quickly as possible. We talked about how the car should be made and how to test it. I was glad that we were able to work closely with each other. Everyone saw the work as an interesting way to relax. When the car was finally finished, we all wore a smile on our faces and found that all our work had been worth it.
We joined the competition after we finished the car. Though we didn’t win any prizes, we found something meaningful than success. We leaned new tings about physics and learned how to get along with each other.
4．What was the car made out of
A．Thick stone. B．Special glass. C．Strong wood. D．Corrugated cardboard.
5．The writer’s ________ teacher showed them a video to help them make the car.
A．maths B．history C．physics D．English
6．The writer was glad that they were able to ________.
A．win the prizes successfully B．work closely with each other
C．compete with each other D．find an interesting way to relax
AI (人工智能) makes our lives easier and better. Let’s see the amazing AI.
Cool driverless bus
A bus door opens and you get on. Wait! Where is the driver Here is a new kind of driverless bus called Apolong. It has 14 seats and doesn’t need a driver. The bus follows traffic rules. It stops as soon as it sees a stop light.
Your close friend
Hi, everyone. I’m Xiaobing, a chatbot (聊天机器人). I speak like a 17-year-old girl. If you feel lonely, you can talk with me. I’m talented at singing, writing poems and telling stories. I want to be your friend!
World’s first AI anchor (主播)
Hey, look! The famous Chinese anchor Qiu Hao is reporting the news for us. But, is “he” really Qiu Hao The answer is “no”. This is the world’s first AI anchor. It looks and speaks just like a real person. It can work 24 hours and doesn’t make any mistakes. You might see it on TV soon.
Popular AI artist
This beautiful painting was at an auction（拍卖）in 2020. The painting is worth about 3,000, such as Vincent van Gogh. It was painted by an AI artist. Three Frenchmen created the AI artist. It studied over 15,000 paintings. In this way, it learned to paint.
7．If Mike is a lonely man in a nursing home, what might be the best AI present for him
A．Driverless bus. B．Xiaobing. C．Qiu Hao. D．AI artist.
8．The fact about Apolong is that ________.
A．there are 24 seats in it B．the bus door can’t open itself
C．it doesn’t follow the traffic rules D．it stops as soon as it sees a stop light
9．Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage
A．Xiaobing is a 17-year-old girl.
B．AI makes our lives harder and worse.
C．The AI artist was invented by Frenchmen.
D．The AI anchor can work 24 hours and sometimes makes mistakes.
10．We can probably read the passage in ________.
A．a storybook B．a notice C．a newspaper D．a novel
On September 17th, 2019, “Bing Dwen Dwen” and “Shuey Rhon Rhon” were chosen as the mascots（吉祥物）for the 2022 Beijing Winter Olympic Games and the Paralympics（残奥会）.
It’s a cartoon image of a panda wearing a spacesuit. It looks like a winter sports player from the future. “Bing” means “ice” in Chinese, which is a symbol of winter sports. “Dwen” suggests health. “Dwen Dwen” gives the image a more friendly feel. Altogether, “Bing Dwen Dwen” shows the spirit of the Olympics, including a strong mind and a healthy body.
It looks like a red lantern hanging on homes and streets, celebrate Chinese New Year. On its head are paper cuts of pigeons in the shape of the Temple of Heaven. “Shuey” means “snow” in Chinese. “Rhon Rhon” are two different Chinese characters with the same pronunciation. The mascot, “Shuey Rhon Rhon”, symbolizes（象征）communication among different cultures.
The idea behind these two mascots is to connect traditional Chinese culture with the Games. The panda is designed with its modern look to show our great wishes for the Games and our welcome to the whole world. The lively red image of “Rhon Rhon” reminds people of the celebration of China’s Sprig Festival.
11．“Bing Dwen Dwen” is a cartoon image of ________.
A．a pigeon B．a panda C．a lantern D．a spacesuit
12．What does the mascot “Shuey Rhon Rhon” symbolize
A．The strong mind of all athletes. B．The friendliness of the Olympics.
C．Athletes from different cultures. D．Communication among different cultures.
13．The idea behind the two mascots is to ________.
A．stress the importance of health B．introduce ways of communication
C．show traditional Chinese culture D．celebrate China’s Spring Festival
EARTH DAY—Children’s Art Contest Theme: Reduce, Reuse, Recycle What: Draw, paint or create a poster showing how you take care of the Earth. Who: Children aged 6—12 can enter the contest for free.
Rules: ● Your poster must be finished on a white piece of A3 paper by hand. ● Your poster should be original (原创), including the theme “reduce, reuse, recycle”. ● A message with no more than thirty words must be written on the poster. ● Send your poster along with your name, age, school name, email address and phone number. Deadline: All the posters must be submitted (提交) by Friday, July 2, 2021. Prize: ● Winners will receive a $ 500 gift card. ● Winners’ posters will be shown at the website of “The Earth Environment”. How to submit: Scan or take a photo of the poster, and send it to Children’sArtContest@.
根据广告信息，选择最佳答案。
14．The Children’s Art Contest is held for ________.A．recycling A3 paper B．Earth Day C．reusing the books D．drawing poster
15．According to the contest rules, your poster must ________.
A．be printed on a A3 paper B．have a thirty-word message
C．include the theme “reduce” D．be created by yourself
16．Your poster should be sent along with the following information except ________.
A．name B．age C．school address D．phone number
17．You must submit your poster ________.
A．before July 2, 2021 B．on July 2, 2021
C．with your own photo D．with the original one
18．If you win in the contest, you will be able to ________.
A．receive $ 500 B．receive a $ 500 gift
C．show your poster on the internet D．view the winners’ posters for free
My friend Jerry is a manager at a restaurant. If someone has a bad day, he always helps that person look on the bright side.
Once I asked Jerry, “How can you be so positive（乐观的） all the time ” He replied, “Every morning I tell myself I have two choices for that day—to be in a good mood（心情）or in a bad mood. I choose the good one. When something wrong happens, I can be sad and angry or I can learn from it. I choose to learn. Life is all about choices. You can choose how a situation will influence your mood. ”
One morning, three men broke into Jerry’s restaurant and pointed a gun at him. They ordered Jerry to give them all the money. During that time, Jerry was shot by mistake（无意中枪）. Luckily, he was quickly found and brought to the nearest hospital. Doctors saved his life in time.
When I met him, I asked if he was afraid. “I got really afraid at first. But I kept telling myself I chose to live this time. When the nurse asked me if I was allergic（过敏的）to anything, I replied. ‘Yes, bullets（子弹）!’ Everyone started laughing because of my joke. I didn’t feel afraid any more. ”
I learned from him that every day we should choose to live positively.
19．When something wrong happens, Jerry always chooses to ________.
A．be sad B．be angry C．look on the bad side D．learn from the experience
20．Which is the RIGHT order for the events
①Someone shot Jerry by accident.
②Everyone laughed because of Jerry’s joke.
③Three men broken into the restaurant.
④Jerry was taken to the nearest hospital.
A．①③②④ B．③①④② C．③④②① D．①④③②
21．We can know from the passage that Jerry is ________.
A．lonely but serious B．lazy but friendly
C．positive and humorous D．strict and rich
22．What does the writer want to tell us
A．We should get on well with other people.
B．We should keep being positive all the time.
C．We should learn to look after ourselves.
D．We shouldn’t be afraid of making mistakes.
Most of us don’t have to worry about our next meal because there’s plenty of food for us. But many people around the world aren’t so lucky. They live in hunger every day.
According to a recent UN report, about 113 million people around the world suffered from acute hunger（急性饥饿）last year.
Acute hunger is the most serious — it means that a person will die soon if he or she doesn’t have food. Nearly two-thirds of people facing acute hunger come from just eight coun-tries, including Ethiopia, Syria and Yemen.
One reason for this is war. 74 million people, or over half of the number of people facing acute hunger, are living in war-torn（经受战争的）countries.
Also, climate（气候）change and natural disasters（灾害）pushed another 29 million people into acute hunger in 2018, according to the report. This number includes people in southern Africa who faced droughts（旱灾）last year.
A UN official David Beasley called for the world to solve the problems. China has worked hard to solve its own hunger problem. The country has helped 80 million people out of hunger in the past few years.
23．What does acute hunger mean if people don’t have food
A．They’ll become sick. B．They’ll become weak.
C．They’ll die soon. D．They’ll lose lots of weight.
24．About 74 million people face acute hunger because of ________.
A．war B．climate change C．natural disaster D．illness
25．Which of the following is TRUE
A．More than 13 million people suffer from acute hunger every year.
B．2/3 of people in Ethiopia, Syria and Yemen suffer from acute hunger.
C．Over 50 million people in war-torn countries suffer from acute hunger.
D．China has helped 80 million people out of hunger in the past few years.
Lily is a little girl at school. She’s shy and she’s not popular. But she enjoys playing soc-cer. Her friends and classmates always laugh at Lily for her interest in soccer. However, Lily just wants to play her favorite sport. She wants to become a great soccer player.
Every day, after coming back from school, Lily quickly finishes her homework and goes out to practice soccer. Her mother understands Lily’s love for the sport and always encourages her to play.
One day, the school said there would be a soccer game. Lily wanted to have a try. She joined in the game and her classmates laughed at her once again. Lily didn’t give up. She tried her best to score goals (得分), one after another.
The other students were surprised to see how well Lily played. Their team did well with her help. They even won the game in the end.
With her hard work, Lily showed herself to others. If you’re strong and determined (坚定的) like her, you can make your dream come true one day.
26．Who always encourages lily to practice playing soccer
A．Her mother. B．Her classmates. C．Her friends. D．Her teacher.
27．What do we know about Lily in the game
A．Her teachers laughed at her. B．She didn’t score any goals.
C．She helped her team win the game. D．She laughed at other players.
28．What can we learn from the passage
A．Laugh at the little ones. B．Choose the right sport.
C．Do your homework before playing. D．Don’t give up your dreams.
Celebrated on April 22 each year, the Earth Day draws attention to the need to build a healthier planet. How can you help Take the following actions.
Count how many plastic products you use in your house. It’s important to know about your family’s plastic usage and spend time researching green products. Then try to use them in your everyday life.
Eat plant-based（植物性的）meals. It’s one of the healthiest things you can do for your body and the environment. You can cook by following a plant-based recipe（食谱）or creating your own recipe with lots of plant food.
Use the Global Earth Challenge app to collect information about different environmental problems in your area. This is a good way to teach yourself and others how to help protect the planet.
Another fun activity is to make handicrafts（手工艺品）. It can be an artwork, a bird-house, or a toy, but remember to use recycled materials（材料）.
29．What do we know about plant-based meals A．They taste really delicious.
B．They’re not necessary for our body.
C．They’re good for the environment.
D．They need a lot of time to prepare.
30．What does the Global Earth Challenge app allow people to do
A．To take cooking lessons for free.
B．To learn to use recycled materials.
C．To search for fun ideas of making toys.
D．To know about environmental problems nearby.
31．What is the last action asking us to do
A．To make new things with recycled materials.
B．To develop healthy eating habits.
C．To use the Global Earth Challenge app.
D．To stop using plastic products at home.
The Plastiki looks similar to many other boats. However, if you get near to it, you’ll see there’s a big difference. It’s made of about 12, 000 recycled plastic bottles.
One day, David De Rothschild was reading some information about the plastic in the sea. He found plastic brought serious problems to the sea. Soon, David De Rothschild decided to do some-thing. To let everyone know the problem, he started building a boat made of plastic bottles.
When he was building the boat with recycled plastic bottles, he made sure the boat was easy to live on and use. The crew（全体船员）could grow vegetables on the back of the boat. They could also take a break from work and get some exercise by using the special exercise bicycle.
After everything was ready, David De Rothschild and his crew sailed the Plastiki across the Pacific Ocean from San Francisco, the USA to Sydney, Australia. It was never easy. David De Roths-child and his crew had to take care when heavy rains or strong winds came. It took them one hundred and twenty-nine days to get to Australia. David De Rothschild thought the boat could only travel once but it survived so well that he was planning to sail it again one day.
32．What could the crew do on the boat
A．Grow vegetables. B．Recycle plastic bottles. C．Go swimming. D．Clean the sea.
33．How long did it take David De Rothschild to finish the sailing
A．About 1 month. B．About 2 months. C．About 3 months. D．About 4 months.
34．What does the underlined word “survived” mean in Chinese
A．展示 B．留存 C．销售 D．利用
35．What’s the best title for the passage
A．Problems of the sea B．Rothschild and his plan
C．A boat made of plastic bottles D．Sailing from the USA to Australia
参考答案：
1．A
2．D
3．C
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。本文介绍了中国杂交水稻之父——袁隆平的生平。
1．词句猜测题。根据“His great work also helped the world produce more and more rice.”可知，他的研究帮助世界生产更多的水稻，因此人们不会再担心挨饿。所以starved意为“挨饿”。故选A。
2．细节理解题。根据“This progress made China the world’s leader in rice production.”可知，袁隆平的杂交水稻使中国成为世界水稻生产的领导者。故选D。
3．主旨大意题。纵观全文，文章介绍了中国杂交水稻之父——袁隆平的生平。故选C。
4．D
5．C
6．B
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者参加学校的科技节与同学一起创作的历程。
4．细节理解题。根据“It was made out of corrugated cardboard（瓦楞纸板）”可知，这辆车是由瓦楞纸板制作而成的。故选D。
5．细节理解题。根据“Our physics teacher showed us a video.”可知是作者的物理老师给他们看了一个视频，帮助他们制作那辆车。故选C。
6．细节理解题。根据“I was glad that we were able to work closely with each other.”可知，作者很高兴他们能彼此紧密合作。故选B。
7．B
8．D
9．C
10．C
【导语】本文主要讲述了人工智能在我们生活中的应用, 这些新奇的人工智能让我们的生活更容易更好。
7．推理判断题。根据文中“I’m Xiaobing, a chatbot. I speak like a 17-year-old girl. If you feel lonely, you can talk with me.”可知，如果觉得孤独，可以和聊天机器人聊天。故选B。
8．细节理解题。根据文中“Here is a new kind of driverless bus called Apolong.”和“It stops as soon as it sees a stop light.”可知，它有14个座位，并不需要司机，它看到红灯就停止。故选D。
9．细节理解题。根据文中“Three Frenchmen created the AI artist.” 可知，法国人创造了人工智能艺术家，故选C。
10．推理判断题。本文主要介绍了一些神奇的人工智能，应在媒体上。故选C。
11．B
12．D
13．C
【导语】本文主要介绍了2022年北京冬季奥运会和残奥会吉祥物冰墩墩和雪容融。
11．细节理解题。根据“It’s a cartoon image of a panda wearing a spacesuit.”可知冰墩墩是一只熊猫的卡通形象。故选B。
12．细节理解题。根据“The mascot, “Shuey Rhon Rhon”, symbolizes（象征）communication among different cultures.”可知雪容融象征着不同文化之间的交流。故选D。
13．细节理解题。根据“The idea behind these two mascots is to connect traditional Chinese culture with the Games.”可知这两个吉祥物背后的意义在于把中国传统文化与奥运会结合起来，来展示中国传统文化。故选C。
14．B
15．D
16．C
17．A
18．C
【导语】本文主要介绍了关于保护地球的绘画或制作海报比赛的相关信息。
14．细节理解题。根据“EARTH DAY—Children’s Art Contest Theme Children aged 6—12 can enter the contest for free.”可知，儿童艺术比赛是为地球日举办的。故选B。
15．细节理解题。根据“Your poster should be original”可知，你的海报应该是原创的。故选D。
16．细节理解题。根据“Send your poster along with your name, age, school name, email address and phone number.”可知，没有提到学校地址。故选C。
17．细节理解题。根据“Deadline: All the posters must be submitted (提交) by Friday, July 2, 2021.”可知，你在2021年7月2日之前必须提交你的海报。故选A。
18．细节理解题。根据“Winners’ posters will be shown at the website of The Earth Environment”可知，如果你在比赛中获胜，你将能够在网上展示你的海报。故选C。
19．D
20．B
21．C
22．B
【导语】本文介绍了作者的一个总是保持积极状态的朋友。
19．细节理解题。根据“When something wrong happens, I can be sad and angry or I can learn from it. I choose to learn”可知当发生错误的事情时，杰里总是选择从中吸取教训。故选D。
20．细节理解题。根据“One morning, three men broke into Jerry’s restaurant and pointed a gun at him.”可知三个人闯进了餐厅排在第一位；根据“During that time, Jerry was shot by mistake（无意中枪）.”可知有人不小心射中了杰瑞排在第二位；根据“Luckily, he was quickly found and brought to the nearest hospital”可知杰里被送到了最近的医院排在第三位；根据“Everyone started laughing because of my joke.”可知因为杰里的笑话，大家都笑了排在第四位，故选B。
21．推理判断题。根据“How can you be so positive（乐观的） all the time ”可知杰里很乐观；根据“I got really afraid at first. But I kept telling myself I chose to live this time. When the nurse asked me if I was allergic（过敏的）to anything, I replied. ‘Yes, bullets（子弹）!’ Everyone started laughing because of my joke. I didn’t feel afraid any more. ”可知杰里也很幽默。故选C。
22．推理判断题。根据“I learned from him that every day we should choose to live positively.”（我从他身上学到，我们每天都应该选择积极地生活。）可推知作者想告诉我们应该一直保持积极的态度。故选B。
23．C
24．A
25．D
【导语】本文介绍了目前世界上有很多人遭受急性饥饿，并介绍了其原因。
23．细节理解题。根据“Acute hunger is the most serious — it means that a person will die soon if he or she doesn’t have food”可知如果人们没有食物，严重饥饿意味着他们很快就会死亡。故选C。
24．细节理解题。根据“74 million people, or over half of the number of people facing acute hunger, are living in war-torn（经受战争的）countries.”可知约有7400万人因战争而面临严重饥饿。故选A。
25．细节理解题。根据“China has worked hard to solve its own hunger problem. The country has helped 80 million people out of hunger in the past few years.”可知在过去几年里，中国已经帮助8000万人摆脱了饥饿。故选D。
26．A
27．C
28．D
【导语】本文讲了莉莉的梦想，并通过她的努力，向其他人证明了自己。
26．细节理解题。根据“Her mother understands Lily’s love for the sport and always encourages her to play.”可知，她的母亲总是鼓励她练习踢足球。故选A。
27．细节理解题。根据“Their team did well with her help. They even won the game in the end.”可知，她帮助她的球队赢得了比赛。故选C。
28．推理判断题。通读全文，尤其根据“With her hard work, Lily showed herself to others. If you’re strong and determined (坚定的) like her, you can make your dream come true one day.”可推理出，我们能从这篇文章中学到不要放弃你的梦想。故选D。
29．C
30．D
31．A
【导语】本文介绍了一些措施可以帮助我们建设一个更健康的地球。
29．细节理解题。根据“Eat plant-based（植物性的）meals. It’s one of the healthiest things you can do for your body and the environment.”（多吃植物性食物。这是你能做的对你的身体和环境最健康的事情之一。）可知植物性食物对环境有好处。故选C。
30．细节理解题。根据“Use the Global Earth Challenge app to collect information about different environmental problems in your area.”可知这个app可以帮助你了解附近的环境问题。故选D。
31．细节理解题。根据“but remember to use recycled materials（材料）.”可知最后一个措施让我们用回收材料制造新东西。故选A。
32．A
33．D
34．B
35．C
【导语】本文介绍了一条由塑料瓶制造的船。
32．细节理解题。根据第三段“The crew（全体船员）could grow vegetables on the back of the boat.”可知，全体船员可以在船的后部种植蔬菜。故选A。
33．细节理解题。根据第四段“It took them one hundred and twenty-nine days to get to Australia.”可知，他们花了129天才到达澳大利亚。所以完成航行大概是四个月。故选D。
34．词义猜测题。根据后文“he was planning to sail it again one day.”可知，他计划有一天再次驾驶它。由此可以推断。它留存得如此得好。可知划线词意为“留存”。故选B。
35．最佳标题题。根据第二段最后一句“To let everyone know the problem, he started building a boat made of plastic bottles.”可知，为了让每个人都知道这个问题，他开始用塑料瓶建造一艘船。结合全文可知，文章介绍了一条由塑料瓶建造的船。所以C项最适合做文章标题。故选C。