中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
备战2023届中考英语语法专题训练（通用版）
动词和动词短语 120题（含答案）
一、动词概述
动词的定义：表示动作和状态的词叫作动词。
Part I动词的种类：
类 别 意 义 例 句
实义动词 含有实在的意义,表示动作或状态,在句子中能独立作谓语。（英语的实义动词又可分为及物动词和不及物动词两大类） Birds can fly. 鸟会飞. She has some bananas. 她吃些香蕉。 They eat a lot of potatoes. 他们常吃土豆。 I’m reading an English book now. 我现在正看一本英文书。
连系动词 本身有一定的词义,但不能独立作谓语,必须和表语一起构成谓语。 （常见的连系动词有：be、become、look、feel、sound、smell、taste、seem、turn、grow、get、 go、fall、sit、stand、lie 等。） His father is a teacher.他父亲是教师。 Twins usually look the same.双胞胎通常看起来一样。 The teacher became very angry. 老师变得很生气。
助动词 本身没有词义,不能独立作谓语,只能和主要动词一起构成谓语动词,用来表示否定、疑问、时态、语态或其它语法形式,助动词自身有人称、单复数和时态的变化。（最常用的助动词有：be，have/has，do/does/did，shall，should，will，would …） He doesn’t speak English. 他不说英语。 We are playing basketball. 我们在打篮球。 Do you have a brother 你有兄弟吗？ I have read this book three times. 我已经读过这本书三次了。
情态动词 本身有一定的意义,不能独立作谓语,只能和主要动词一起构成谓语动词,表示说话人的语气和情态。情态动词没有人称和单复数的变化,有些情态动词有过去式。（常见的情态动词有： can (could), may (might), must, need, ought to, dare (dared), shall (should), will (would)） You can keep the books for two weeks. 这些书你可以借两个星期。 May I smoke here 我可以在这儿抽烟吗？ We must go now. 我们现在得走了。
Exercise I: 动词词类基本用法
( ) 1. The fish very delicious.
A. smells B. tastes C. looks D. sounds
( ) 2. What Mrs. White said sounds____.
A. friendly B. wonderfully C. pleasantly D. nicely
( ) 3. The poor girl ____ blind at the age of four.
A. turned B. goes C. became D. went
( ) 4.It ____that he was late for the bus.
A. looks B. turns C. gets D. seems
( ) 5.When I went home yesterday, it was ____ dark.
A. going B. getting C. running D. coming
( ) 6.John___ come to see us tonight, but he isn’t very sure yet.
may B. can C. has to D. must
( ) 7.You___ go and see a doctor at once because you’ve got a fever.
A. can B. must C. dare D. would
( ) 8.Even the top students in our class can’t work out this problem, so it be very difficult.
A. may B. must C. can D. need
( ) 9. ___ you like to have another try
A. Could B. Will C. Would D. Do
( ) 10.The poor man needs our help, ___ he
A. need B. doesn’t C. does D. needn’t
( ) 11. —Must I take part in the activity —No, you __. You’re too young. You should look after yourself.
A. mustn’t B. don’t C. can’t D. don’t have to
( ) 12.You’d better__________ today because it’s raining hard.
A.not go out B. not to go out C. to not go out D. to go out not
( ) 13.Look at the “No parking” sign. You ________ park your car here.
A. should B. must C. needn't D. mustn't
( ) 14.My mother is ill. I _______ stay at home to take care of her.
A. can B. may C. have to D. maybe
( ) 15.—Look at the young lady in red. Is it Mrs.Li
—No. It ________ be her. She is wearing a white dress today.
mustn't B. needn't C. can't D.shouldn’t
( ) 16.—________ your homework
—Not yet. I’ll finish it in ten minutes.
A．Did you finish B．Have you finished C．Will you finish D．Do you finish
( ) 17.Neither Saturday nor Sunday______ OK because I will be quite busy these two days.
A．are B．is C．am D．be
( ) 18.Let’s ________ computer games.
play B．plays C．to play D．Playing
( ) 19.His cousin is a humorous man. He makes us ________ all the time.
A．laughs B．laughing C．to laugh D．laugh
( ) 20.The poor Anne Frank ________ illness before her father had her diary ________.
A．died of; publish B．died from; published C．died of; published D．died from; publish
Part II．实义动词和动词短语
几组核心动词辨析
afford & pay & spend & cost & pay &take
afford sth / to do sth 买得起某物/负担得起做某事
spend 花费，度过 主语是人：
spend some time/some money on sth. “在某事上花费xx时间/xx金钱”
spend some time (in) doing sth. “花费xx时间/xx金钱做某事上”
spend some time with sb. “花费xx时间和某人在一起”
pay 主语是人：付款，偿还，补偿pay …for sth. 为某物花了…钱
cost 价钱，代价，主语是物；cost sb. … 价钱为…; 需花费…
take 拿 ; 取 ; 采取 主语通常是it或某件事：it takes/took sb. … to do sth. 花了某人…（时间、金钱）做某事
borrow & lend
borrow借入; 借钱borrow sth. from….. “向某人或某处借某物”
lend 把…借给; 借出lend sth. to sb. “把某物借给某人”
remember & forget
remember to do sth记得去做某人（还没做）
remember doing sth记得做过某事（已做）
forget to do sth 忘记去做某事（还没做）
forget doing sth 忘记做某事（已做）
④ attend/join/join in/take part in
attend及物动词，指参加会议、典礼；去上学、听课、听报告等。
常用词组：attend a meeting/school/one's lecture。
join:指加入某个党派，团体组织等，成为其成员之一，意为：“参军、入团、入党”等。
常用词组:和某人一道做某事，其结构为：join sb.或join sb in(doing)sth.
join in多指参加小规模的活动如“球赛、游戏”等，常用于日常口语。
take part in指参加会议或群众性活动等，着重说明句子主语参加该项活动并在活动中发挥积极作用。常用词组: take an active part in... 积极参加。。。。。。
⑤．say &speak & talk & tell
①．say描述的是说话的内容，如果要表示和某个对象说，一定要加上介词to！即“say sth. to sb.”
②．tell 说话的内容偏向于信息和指令。而且它不像say能直接跟说话内容，tell必须把说话的对象也带上。用法是tell sb. sth. / tell sb. to do sth.
*在表达一个人向另一个人传递信息的时候，say 和tell可以互换使用，不过也要注意介词搭配噢
e.g.Jenny told me that she was leaving for Japan this week.
Jenny said to me that she was leaving for Japan this week.
Jenny告诉我说她这周要去日本了。
③．talk 表示讲话出声的这个动作或者聊天，不能直接跟说话的内容。
e.g. You're not allowed to talk during the test. 在考试期间不能说话。
如果要指明谈话的对象，必须搭配介词：talk to/with sb.
如果要指明谈话的内容，必须搭配介词：talk about sth.
④．speak和talk 用法大致相同，也是speak to/with sb. ;speak about sth. 但是speak给人感觉更加正式。
比如同一句话“我需要和你谈一谈。”如果用talk，I need to talk to you. 说明对方是熟人，且谈论内容比较轻松日常。换成speak，I need to speak to you. 那么说明对方是不太熟悉的人，且要谈论的事情是比较重要严肃的。
更多例子： The Queen speaks to the nation on television every Christmas.
女王每年圣诞节都会在电视上和国民讲话。
只能用speak 的情况
*通电话时，表示要和谁说话 May I speak with（to） Peter please 我可以和Peter说话吗？
*涉及语言运用 e.g. Do you speak Chinese 你说中文吗？
I speak fluent English.我能说流利的英语。
⑤．wear/put on/ dress/in四种不同的“穿”
①.put on着重强调“穿(戴) 上”的瞬间动作，后接衣服、鞋帽等,其反义词组为take off。
②.“(be)in+颜色或服装、眼镜等”表示“穿着”的状态，在句中作表语或定语。
He is in uniform today. 他今天穿着制服。
③.wear主要用于穿衣服、戴眼镜(手套、首饰、帽子)等，强调“穿(戴)着”的状态。
Mrs Wu always wears a blue coat in winter. 吴老师冬天总是穿着一件蓝色大衣。
④.dress既可作及物动词，又可作不及物动词，所接宾语是人而不是衣、帽等物。
a. dress sb.（给…穿衣服） She is dressing the baby. 她正在给婴儿穿衣服。
b. dress oneself （给自己穿衣服）宾语是人而不是物。 例如：
The child is old enough to dress himself. 这孩子已经长大，会自己穿衣服了。
c.get dressed （穿衣服）后面不加衣服等词
People aren’t getting up, washing or getting dressed. 人们还没有起床、洗漱和穿衣服。
d．dress up 盛装打扮
⑥．reach/arrive in(at )/get to 四个到达
reach + 地点名词 : 例句：他们已经到达了山顶。They have reached the top of the mountain.
get to + 地点名词 例句：你什么时候到上海？When do you get to Shanghai
arrive in + 大地方（如：国家、城市等）例句：我们昨天到伦敦了。We arrived in London yesterday.
arrive at + 小地方（如：村庄、车站等） 例句：火车已经到站了。The train has arrived at the station.
注意：reach 表示“到达“，是及物动词，直接跟地点名词；get 和 arrive 为不及物动词，需要搭配介词 to、in 或 at 使用。但请注意： 遇到here、there、home 三个地点词时，不使用介词。即：get here ；arrive there ；get home
⑦．take、bring/ fetch/carry
bring意为“带来，拿来”，一般指从别处往说话人所在地拿来某物，常与me，us，here 等连用。
例句：He brought us some good news.他给我们带来了一些好消息。
take意为“带走，拿走”，一般指从说话人所在地把某物带到别处去，常与there等连用。
例句：Take the dog there,Jim. It is so noisy.吉姆，把狗带到那儿去。它太吵了。
carry意为“携带，运送”，一般强调负重移动，无方向性。
例句：People often carry heavy things with a truck.人们常用卡车运送重物。
fetch意为“去把东西取来”。
例句Can you go and fetch some chalk？你能去取一些粉笔吗？
⑧．raise/ rise
raise是及物动词，后面必须有宾语，就是“某人把某物举起来”。
raise 有很多意思，常见短语：raise one’s hand, raise money, raise one’s spirits,raise one’s voice
raise taxes...
rise是不及物动词，后面不能加宾语，也就是说“某人、某物自己升起来”。
The water level rises twice a day because of the tide. 由于涨潮，水位每天上升两次。
rise是一个不规则动词，所以过去式是rose，过去分词是risen。
例句:The water level rises twice a day because of the tide.由于涨潮，水位每天上升两次。
⑨．receive/ accept
receive (vt.) 接收、收到（表示客观的接收或收到）如：
I received a letter from Tom. 我收到了Tom的一封信。
accept (vt.) 接受（表示主观地接受、接纳） 如：
I received his invitation letter yesterday, but I don't want to accept it.
我昨天收到了他的邀请函，但是我并不打算接受。
⑩．find, look for, find out, discover, invent
①find out意为“查明；弄清楚”，强调经过一番努力的探索、观察、询问、调查、推理等努力才查明结果。
如：I will try and find out who broke the computer. 我会尽力查明是谁把电脑弄坏了。
②find意为“发现；找到”，指经过寻找后得到或重新获得已失去的东西，强调动作的结果。如：I looked for it everywhere but I couldn’t find it. 我到处找了可就是找不到它。
③look for意为“寻找”，是有目的的“找”，强调“找”的动作过程。如：
I’m looking for my pen, but I can’t find it. 我正在找我的钢笔，但找不到。
④discover意为“发现”，指发现本来存在，但以前未为人知或未被发现的事物、真理或情况。如：Columbus is the first European who discovered America.
哥伦布是第一个发现美洲大陆的欧洲人。
⑤invent意为“发明”，用来指创造前所未有的东西。
如：Edison invented the electric light bulb. 爱迪生发明了电灯泡。
Part III动词和动词短语辨析 中考典题训练
【解题方法点拨】
① 分析词义，根据上下句意思进行选择。
② 根据常用动词的用法进行筛选。
③ 根据动词的固定短语用法，进行筛选。
④ 分析句子时态，选择动词的正确形式作答。
【中考命题方向】中考英语试题常考查动词的词义辨析、意义相近但容易混淆的动词、常用动词的习惯用法、常用动词短语。这些是考查的重点。
Exercise II:
一．单项选择（60题）
( )1.With the help of Internet,news can________ every corner of the world.
A.arrive B.reach C.go D.get
( )2.The student wanted to answer the question, so she____ her right hand.
A. rose up B.raised C.rose D.risen
( )3.Sam ________ a computer from me yesterday.
A．sold B．borrowed C．lent D．returned
( )4.— Hi, Jill. I'd like to share with you the latest news about the height of Qomolangma.
—Really Make sure the news is true before you it.
A．receive B．spread C．cancel D．hear
( )5.Last Thursday when I got to the railway station, I ____________ I left my ID card at home.
A．realized B．believed C．thought D．considered
( )6.Wang Lei is looking forward to ________ the best high school in September.
A．refusing B．playing C．reading D．entering
( )7.—Would you _______ opening the window Get more fresh air.
—Of course not. I’ll do it right away.
A．consider B．practice C．suggest D．mind
( )8.He ______ most of his time ______ English.
A．spends. studying B．costs, studied C．takes, to study D．pays, studies
( )9.Livestreaming (直播)______ a new chance for traditional culture artists.
A．practices B．provides C．promises D．protects
( )10.—Song of Autumn by Liu Yuxi describes autumn in a different way.
—I agree. Most poets (诗人) describe this season to ________ a feeling of sadness, but in Liu’s eyes autumn is full of life and hope.
A．excuse B．express C．expect D．Explain
( )11.The children are jumping excitedly because they have _______ the design perfectly in groups.
A．completed B．controlled C．contacted D．caused
( )12.It's good for us to ________ a good habit of reading.
A．develop B．choose C．accept D．pick
( )13.We should______to buy products that come from wild animals. A large number of them are in danger.
A．stop B．decide C．refuse D．continue
( )14.Yao Ming is ____as one of the most popular basketball players in the world.
A．regarded B．made C．kept D．watched
( )15.The little boy _______ his seat to an old lady on the crowded bus.
A．lent B．took C．offered D．brought
( )16.I was busy this morning and didn’t have time to ________ my email.
A．waste B．punish C．believe D．check
( )17.I often ________ magazines and my grandparents always ________ TV.
A．watch: read B．read; watch C．look; watch D．see; look
( )18．It's important for students to ________ the school rules.
A．break B．play C．follow D．refuse
( )19.Willie will learn swimming, no matter how much it ____.
A．costs B．takes C．spends D．pays
( )20You must be more careful and ______ the same mistakes you've ever made.
plan B. follow C. avoid D. enjoy
( )21.Attention, please! The last award will be ______ to the best singer of the year—Coco Lee.
A. lent B. introduced C. donated D. presented
( )22.—I've no idea where to go next month.
—Why not ________ visiting Beijing There are so many places of interest there.
suggest B. wonder C. consider D. regard
( )23.Parents always ________ us not to swim in the river in summer.
A．promise B．train C．warn D．show
( )24.As the story________， the secret of the castle is discovered little by little.
A. ends B. begins C. develops D. happens
( )25. —If you always ________ yourself with others, you may have tons of pressure.
—I agree. We should believe in ourselves.
A. compare B. communicate C. create D. consider
( ) 26. This math problem is very difficult, so I can’t ______it ______.
A. work; out B. point; out C. set; up D. try; on
( )27．These activities at bedtime can get kids excited and make it hard for them to and sleep.
A．come down B．break down C．calm down D．sit down
( )28.If you don’t know the meaning of the word, you can _______ it _______ in the dictionary.
A. look; up B. look; into C. make; up D. dress; up
( )29.Sandy seldom goes out at weekends because reading ________ most of her free time.
A．takes up B．takes on C．takes off D．takes out
( )30.—Linda ________ her mother.
—Yeah. Both of them have curly hair and blue eyes.
A．looks like B．looks at C．looks after D．looks for
( )31．—Angela, I want to make Russian soup .Would you please tell me how
—I’m glad to. First, you need to________the vegetables and beef.
A．cut up B．cut down C．cut off D．cut out
( )32.Don't too late,or you will feel tired in class.
A. wake up B. get up C. stay up D. stand up
( )33.You'd better ________ your coat. It's hot inside the room.
A. take away B. take off C. put on D. put away
( )34.Firemen in Jingjiang, together with those from other areas, successfully ________ the big fire after sixteen hours' hard work.
A.put on B. put through C. put up D. put out
( )35.Would you please________ your TV a little Your baby sister is sleeping.
A. turn up B. turn down C. turn on D. turn in
( )36.As long as all the Chinese people pull together, our China Dream will ________．
A. come true B. come out C. come up D. come down
( )37.. The Dragon Boat Festival is coming.Everyone is busy________it.
A. standing for B. leaving for C. searching for D. preparing for
( )38.. It is impolite to__________those who make mistakes.
A. look at B. laugh at C. aim at D. point at
( )39. By the time I___________the train station, the train had just left.
arrived at B. shouted at C. called at D. knocked at
( )40.----Fangfang, shall we go to see a film on Saturday
----Sorry. I'll have to_______my younger brother because my mother is out.
A. look at B. look for C. look up D. look after
( ) 41. Please _______these test papers to each student.
give off B. give out C. give up D. give in
( )42．—Bob, you have to finish your school project today.
—Don’t worry, mum. I won’t ________ today’s work till tomorrow.
A．put off B．take off C．give up D．set up
( )43. Would you please _______ the music a little, Lily I can’t hear clearly.
A. turn up B. turn down C. turn off D. turn on
( ) 44. Attention, please! The plane will _____ in a minute. Every passenger, please fasten(系) your safety belt.
A. take up B. take off C. take over D. take down
( ) 45.— Mrs. Smith, I have some _______ sleeping. Would you mind _______ the music a bit, please
— OK, of course not.
A．troubles；turning up B．trouble；turning down
C．problem；to turn down D．problems；turning off
( ) 46.Don’t ________ our hopes. As long as we pull together, we’ll make it.
A．give up B．give out C．give back D．give away
( ) 47.—Michael, could you please help me ________ this math problem
—OK. Let me have a try.
A．look up B．look after C．work out D．put away
( ) 48.—Mum, I won the first prize in the speech competition!
—Wonderful! As long as you _______ yourself and keep trying, you will succeed.
A．dress up B．believe in C．pick up D．leave out
( ) 49．—Shall we go to the airport to _______ your sister
—No. She will come here by taxi.
A．give up B．pick up C．look after D．come across
( ) 50.— Could you help me ______ the opening time on the Website
— OK. I’ll do it at once.
A．look back B．look up C．look after D．look like
( ) 51.The Chinese language has become a bridge to_____ China______ the rest of the world.
A．connect.. to B．translate.. into C．compare with D．separate…from
( ) 52.—Which bicycle should I choose, sir
—It ________ what you want to use it for.
A．takes on B．carries on C．puts on D．depends on
( ) 53．—Tony, come over. What do the letters “KIT” mean in the text message
—Don’t you know that, Amy They _______ “keep in touch”.
A．search for B．ask for C．go for D．stand for
( ) 54.—How was your trip in the mountains last weekend
—Fantastic. We even a tent by the lake and lay in it.
A．put on B．put off C．put down D．put up
( ) 55.—Dr. Zhong Nanshan preferred _______to Wuhan rather than _______at home safely.
—What a great doctor!
A．to go; to stay B．go; to stay C．to go; stay D. going, stay
( ) 56.By the end of 2025, garbage-sorting systems （垃圾分类系统）will be _______ in Dongying.
A．set up B．given up C．shut off D．brought out
( ) 57.Our government ______ to solve them quickly when we had difficulties at the beginning of this year.
A．took action B．took off C．took in D．took place
( ) 58.Lang Ping is a symbol of courage and success, and we _____ her.
A．come from B．stand for C．take pride in D．get ready for
( ) 59.— Hello! This is Kevin speaking. May I speak to Mr. Cao
— Please _________. I’ll put you through.
A．come on B．move on C．hold on D．try on
( ) 60.We promised to meet at 10 in the park last Sunday, but Bob didn’t_________ until 12.
A.put up B.show up C. stay up D.give up
完成句子，每空限填一词。（40题）
1.我们很期待收到你的来信
We are looking forward to_________ ___________you.
2.健康取决于食物、锻炼和足够的睡眠
Health__________ __________food,exercise and enough sleep.
3.汤姆在比赛中摔倒了，大家都没有笑话他。
Tom fell down in the running race,but nobody__________ __________him
4.林鸣担任了港珠澳大桥工程的总工程师，我们以他为荣。
We are proud of Lin Ming who__________ __________the chief engineer
5. 当我听着音乐的时候，我睡着了。
I__________ __________while I__________ __________to the music.
6.从这里走到白云山顶大约要花一小时。
_______ _________about an hour__________ __________to the top of the Baiyun Mountain from here.
7.孩子们总是盼望着春节。
Children are always__________ __________ __________the Spring Festival.
8.我们离开课室时必须关灯。
Lights__________ __________ __________ __________when we leave the classroom.
9.凯特决定去社区工作，而不去度假。
Instead of__________ __________ __________,Kate decided to work in the community.
10.不要放弃，终有一天你会成功。
Don't _______ ________ , and you'll succeed one day.
11.他的梦想将会实现。
His dream _______ _______ _______.
好运总是属于有准备的人。
Good luck always ________ ___________ somebody that gas prepared well.
每个人天生具有学习的能力。
Everyone is_______ ___________the ability to learn.
李老师已经把这位钢琴家介绍给学生们了。
Miss Li _____ ________this pianist _____ the students.
这位老人习惯于早上7点起床。
The old man____ ____ _______ _____ at 7 a.m
这家旅馆让我有宾至如归的感觉。
The hotel makes me ____ ____ _______.
他已经浏览了图书馆里所有的书。
He has ____ _______all the books in the library.
他的妈妈负担不起他的学费
His mother_______ ______ her child's tuition.
他们花了两年时间盖起了这栋高楼。
They ______ two years ______ ______ the tall building.
请阻止他们在这条河里游泳，这里很危险。
Please ______them______ ______ in the river.It's dangerous.
西安以其众多的名胜古迹而闻名于世。
Xi'an _____ ______ _____ its many places of interest in the world.
那时他在努力算出这道数学题。
He was trying hard____ ______ _____ this math problem at that time.
23.布莱克太太经常在英语上帮助我们。
Mrs.Black often___ ______ _____ our English
24.这个俱乐部的确是个好玩的去处。
This club is a good place to______ _____.
25.我们的班长擅长地理，但他从来不炫耀。
Our monitor _____ ______ _____ geography but he never shows off.
26.我的女儿还没回来，我非常担心他。
My daughter hasn't come back home.I'm very______ _____ her.
27. 每天放学后，我们可以散散步放松自己
We can _____ ______ _____ _____ to relax ourselves after school every day.
28.玩得高兴点，玛丽，你一定能放松的。
_____ _____,Mary,and you are sure to relax..
29. 生活就像一场赛跑,每个人都应尽最大的努力，争取第一。
Life is just like a race. Everyone should_____ _____ _____，and compete for first.
30.请注意文中的短语。
Please_____ _____ ____the phrases in the article.
31.请把音乐声音关小，孩子在睡觉。
Please ____ _____the music, the child is sleeping.
32.我父母昨天不同意我的意见。我很难过。
My parents ____ _____ _____ me yesterday. I was so sad.
33.孩子们请随便吃水果。
Boys and girls____ _____ _____ some fruit.
34.他是一个有许多有好品质的人，我们都应该向他学习。
He is a man with many good qualities ,we should _____ _____ him.
我将愿意与我同甘共苦的人交朋友。
I will ____ _____ _____ anyone who would like to share happiness and hardship with me.
36.你准备怎么处理你的旧书？
How will _____ _____you your old books
37.你妈妈和你的学习很满意，是吗？
You mother____ _____ _____your studies, isn’t she
38.上课所有手机都必须被关掉。
All the mobile____ _____ _____ ____ in class.
39.如何与周围的人相处是你离开学校的第一课。
How to ____ _____ _____the people around you is the first lesson you have to take after leaving school.
40.下周大约有500名学生参加校运会。
About 500 students will ___ _____ _____ the sports meeting next week.
参考答案：
Exercise I:
1-5 BADDB 6-10 ABBCB 11-15 DADCC 16-20 BBADC
Exercise II:
一．单项选择
1-5 BBBBA 6-10 DDABB 11-15 AACAC
16-20 DBCAC 21-25 DCCCA 26-30ACAAA
31-35 BCBDC 36-40 ADBAD 41-45 BAABB
46-50 ACBBB 51-55 ADDDC 56-60 AACCB
二．完成句子
1.hearing from 2.depends on 3.laughed at 4.worked as 5.fell asleep;was listening
6.It takes;to walk 7.looking forward to 8.must be turned off 9.going on holiday
10. give up 11. will come true 12.belongs to 13.born with 14.has introduced,to
15.is used to getting up 16. feel at home 17. looked through 18.couldn't/can't afford
19.Spent, setting up 20.stop, from swimming 21.is famous for 22. to work out
23.helps us with 24. have fun 25.is good at/does well in 26.worried about
27.go for a walk/take a walk/walk 28.Enjoy yourself 29.do his best 30. pay attention to
31.turn down 32.didn’t agree with 33.help yourselves to 34.learn from 35.make friends with
36.deal with 37. is pleased/happy with 38.must be turned off 39.get on/along with
take part in
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21世纪教育网(www.21cnjy.com)中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
中考英语核心动词短语识记表
1. break
break down出毛病，拆开
break off暂停，中断
break out爆发
break up 分解 ，破裂，分手
2. call
call up打电话
call out大喊，高叫
call for 需要
call on 号召
3. come
come down下跌，落，降，传下来
come in进来
come out出版，结果是
come on来临/ 快点
come along一道来，赶快
come over走过来
come up发芽，走近
come back回来
come from来自，源自
4. cut
cut down砍倒，削减
cut up连根拔除，切碎
5. die
die of死于（疾病，饥饿，寒冷，情感原因）
die from死于（外界原因）
die out绝种
6. fall
fall behind落后
fall down掉下，跌倒
fall into 落入；陷入
fall off 从。。。掉下
fall out与。。。争吵
7. go
go along沿着。。。。走
go through通过，经受
go over复习，检查
go up（价格）上涨，建造起来
go against违反
go away离开
go by时间过去
go down降低，（日、月）西沉
go on(with)继续进行
go out外出，熄灭
go off发出响声
8. get
get down下来，记下，使沮丧
get on进展，进步，穿上，上车
get off脱下,下车
get away逃跑，逃脱，去休假
get over克服，从疾病中恢复
get along with进展，相处
get up起床
get into (trouble) 陷入困境中
get back取回，收回
get out 出去
get to 到达。。。
9. give
give away赠送，泄露，出卖
give out发出，疲劳，分发，
give in (to sb.) 屈服
give up放弃，让（座位）
10. hand
hand in交上，提交
hand out分发
11.hold
hold on to…继续，坚持
hold up举起，使停顿
hold on别挂电话，等，坚持
12. keep
keep up with跟上
keep out 不使。。。进入
keep from克制，阻止
keep away from避开，不接近，
keep on继续，坚持下来
keep down 使。。。处于低水平
13.knock
knock at/on敲
knock into撞到某人身上
knock sb. out 打晕某人
Look
look like 看起来像
look up查找，向上看
look through翻阅，浏览
look after/ at / for 照顾/看/寻找
look out(for)当心
look about / around/round四下查看
look forward to盼望
look down upon 轻视，看不起
15. make
make up编造，打扮，组成
make into / of / from 制成
16.pass
pass by经过
pass down(on)…to传给
pass out 昏迷
pass away 去世
17. pay
pay back还钱，报复
pay for付钱，因…得到报应
18. pick
pick up拾起，接人，站起，收听，
pick out挑选，辨认，看出
19. put
put up张贴，举起，
put out伸出，扑灭
put off推迟
put into放进，翻译
put away放好，存钱
put down记下，平息
put on穿戴，上映，增加（体重）
put aside放到一边
put back放回
21. run
run after追逐，追捕
run away逃跑
run off跑掉，迅速离开
run out of用完
22. set
set up建立
set off 激起，引起
set out 出发
23. take
take after 与…相像
take off脱掉，起飞
take away拿走
take up从事，占用（时间空间）
take down记录，取下
take back收回
take pride in以… ……为自豪,
take the place of 代替
take care of 照顾
24. think
think of想起，考虑，对…看法
think out（自然）想出办法
think up想出（设计出、发明、编造）
think about考虑
think over仔细考虑
25. turn
turn off / on打开
turn to翻到，转向，求助
turn down调低，拒绝
turn back返回，转回去
turn round转过身来
turn up向上翻，出现，音量调大
26. care
care about 担心，关心；在乎，介意
care for 关心，关怀，照顾
27. clean
clean up 把…打扫干净，把…收拾整齐
clean out 清除；把…打扫干净
28.learn
learn about 获悉，得知，认识到
learn from 从/向。。。学习
29. fight
fight for..争取获得…
fight against 争取克服、战胜…
fight with…与。。。搏斗/战斗
30. dream
dream of梦想，想橡
dream about 梦到。。。
31. work
work for 为。。工作
work out 产生结果；发展；成功
work as 作为……而工作
32. argue
argue with …与。。。争论
argue about..争论。。。
plain
complain to 向。。抱怨
complain about抱怨。。。
34. hear
hear of 听说，得知
hear about听到。。。的事，听到。。的话
hear from接到。。。的信
35. talk
talk about 讨论。。。
talk with/to..和。。。讨论
36. live
live in 住在。。。
live on 以。。。为主食
37. stand
stand out 突显，引人注目
stand up 起立，站起来
stand for 代表
38.其它常用词组
wake up 醒，唤醒，弄醒
stay up 不睡觉；熬夜
depend on依靠；取决于
worry about为。。。担忧
laugh at嘲笑。。。
begin with以。。。开始
mix up混合、搀和
major in 主修
grow up成长
open up 打开，张开；开发
end up到达或来到某处； 达到某状态
throw away 丢弃。。。
ask for要求。。。
wait for等待。。。
agree with同意。。。
find out（经研究或询问）获知某事
send out 发出，放出，射出
search for 搜索，搜查
chop down 砍到
have.. on 穿着。。。
step out of 跨步走出
drop out of 从。。。掉出
happen to 发生在。。。
belong to属于
arrive in /at到达。。。
try on试穿。。。
vote on对。。。进行投票
stretch out伸展。。。
hang out闲逛
leave for离开前往
sell out 卖完、售完
show up 出席；露面
不同动词 + 同一介词/副词
不同动词+ 同一介词 短语
up短语
eat up 吃光
clean up 打扫
drink up 喝光
get up 起床
give up 放弃
make up 组成
hurry up 赶快
show up 出现
think up 想出
end up 结束
take up 开始从事
ring up 打电话
fix up 修理；修补
hang up 挂断电话
bring up 教育；培养
cheer up 使……开心
grow up 成长；长大
look up 查阅；向上看
mix up 混合在一起
put up 张贴；建造；举起
set up 搭建；建立；设立
out短语
put out 扑灭
sell out 卖光
take out 取出
work out 解决
blow out 吹灭
point out 指出
get out 出去；离开
go out 出去；熄灭
hand out 分发；发放
hang out 闲荡；闲逛
run out 用尽；耗尽
check out 查明；结账
clear out 清理；丢掉
set out 出发；启程
keep out 不让……进入
bring out 使显现；使表现出
come out 出版；发表;结果是
cut out 删除；删去；切断
find out 查明；发现；了解
try out 参加……选拔；试用
clean out 清除；把……打扫干净
break out (战争、火灾等)突然发生；爆发
away短语
go away 走开
take away 拿走
get away 逃离
throw away 扔掉
run away 逃跑；跑掉
give away 赠送；分发
put away 把……收起来；整理
on短语
put on 穿上
turn on 打开
fight on 坚持
pass on 传递
keep on 继续（进行）
try on 试穿；试试看
work on 从事；忙于
depend on 依赖；依靠
come on 来吧；赶快；加油
hold on 等一等（别挂电话）
down短语
cut down 砍倒
fall down 倒下
sit down 坐下
break down 发生故障
calm down 保持冷静
put down 记下；放下
let...down 使……失望或沮丧
turn down 把……调小；关小
write down 写下；记下；放下；镇压
in短语
arrive in 到达
call in 拜访
believe in 信任；信赖
hand in 交上；提交；呈送
join in 参加（=take part in）
take in 吸入；吞入；欺骗
take part in 参加……；参与……
take pride in 对……感到自豪（＝be proud of）
off短语
cut off 切除
turn off 关掉
go off 响；离开
keep off 勿踏；勿踩
take off 脱下；起飞
put off 推迟；拖延
clean...off 把……擦掉
show off 炫耀；卖弄
pay off 付清（欠款等）
run off 跑掉；迅速离开
break off 突然中止；中断
set off 动身；起程；使爆发
get off 脱下（衣服等）；下车
about短语
think about 考虑
care about 关心；在意
talk about 谈论；讨论；议论
worry about 担心；烦恼
back短语
get back 回来
give back 归还；送回
pay back 偿还(借款等)
talk back 回嘴；顶嘴
come back 回来；想起来
bring back 恢复；使想起；归还
call(sb.) back（给某人）回电话
for短语
wait for 等候；等待
ask for 要；要求；请求
thanks for 为……而感谢
prepare for 为……做准备
care for 关心；关怀；照顾
pay for 付……账；付买……的钱
from短语
come from 来自
hear from 收到……的来信
learn...from... 向……学习……
prevent from 妨碍；阻止；制止
separate...from... 从……分开
keep/stay...away from 避免接近；远离
into短语
fall into 落入；陷入
knock into 与……相撞
turn...into 变成……
divide into... 把……分成
change into 转换成；把……变成
get into 进入；陷入；习惯于
look into 向……里面看；调查
of短语
hear of 听说
think of 思考；考虑
take care of 照顾；照看
over短语
fall over 绊倒
look over 检查
come over 顺便来访
get over 克服；使（渡过）
go over 仔细检查；复习
to短语
belong to 属于
listen to... 听……
stick to 坚持；固守
talk to... 跟……说
add...to... 把……加到……上
lead to 导致；通向
lend...to... 借……给……
prefer...to... 喜爱……更甚于……
help oneself to 随便吃点......
hold on to 继续；坚持；保持
pay attention to 对……注意；留心
with短语
deal with 处理；应付begin with 以……开始connect with 与……相连provide...with 给……提供……agree with 赞同；持相同意见compare...with... 把……与……作比较；把……与……作对比catch up with 赶上fall in love with 爱上get along/on with 与……相处make friends with 与……交友
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