高中英语高考语法词法知识讲解：连系动词学案（有答案）

高中英语语法词法知识讲解--------连系动词（即系动词）
一、概念:连系动词(link verb)是一个表示谓语关系的动词。它必须后接表语(通常为名词或形容词)。
二、特点:连系动词的功能主要是把表语（名词、形容词、某些副词、非谓词、介词短语、从句）和它的主语联系在一起，说
明主语的属性、特征或状态。它有自己的但不完全的词义，不能在句中独立作谓语，必须和后面的表语一起构成句子的谓语。它是
虚词。
三、分类：系动词分类如下：
1. 根据系动词后所跟结构，可以把英语系动词分为两大类：完全系动词(其后只能跟表语的动词，如be, seem)和半系动词(其后既
可跟表语作系动词用法，也可跟宾语或状语作实义动词用，如look)
eg.①He looked sad at the news.（“看起来”，系动词用法） ②He looked sadly at the boy.(“看着”，实义动词用法)
2. 根据系动词的意义，我们把英语系动词分为几类：
A．感官系动词：表示“……起来”，有feel(摸起来，感觉) , smell(闻起来) , sound(听起来) , taste(尝起来，吃起来) 等; 五大感官
系动词，描述一种感官性质。由实义感官动词变化而来，都是半系动词。
eg. ①This kind of cloth feels very soft. 这种布摸起来很软。
②He looks honest, but actually he’s a rogue. 他看起来很老实，实际他是一个坏蛋。
③They all look alike to me. 他们的模样我看起来都一样。 ④Everybody feels contented. 每个人都感到很满足。
⑤Ice feels cold. 冰感觉起来是凉的。 ⑥Silk feels soft and smooth. 丝绸摸起来很柔软平滑。
⑦It sounds a good idea. 这听起来是个好主意。 ⑧This food tastes good. 这菜好吃。
(1) look“看起来像是”，后接adj.、n.、分词、介词短语、不定式等。
(2) smell“闻起来”，sound“听起来”，taste“尝起来”等后接分词。 eg.The apples taste very good.这些苹果很好吃。
(3) feel①“摸起来，给……感觉”；②“觉得”，后接adj./p.p. 。 eg. You will feel better after a night’s sleep.睡上一晚，你会觉得好些。
B．状态系动词：be，feel，taste，sound，smell。
(1) be，“是”，属完全系动词。状态系动词：只有be一词。 eg. ①I am a student.我是一个学生。②She is always like that. 她总是那样。
③I am used to going about alone. 我习惯于独来独往。 ④These shoes are too tight for me. 这双鞋我穿太小
(2) seem,“似乎，好像”，完全系动词。 eg. They seem quite happy.他们似乎很快乐。
(3) appear,“显得，看起来好像”，半系动词。 eg. It appeared(to be)a true story.看来这是一个真实的故事。
(5) prove “证明是”，半系动词，后接adj.\n.。 eg. The treatment proved to be successful.这种疗法证明是成功的。
C.持续系动词：表示主语继续或保持一种状况或态度，主要有keep, remain, stay, rest, lie, stand , continue等。
eg. ①I hope you’ll keep fit. 我希望你身体好。 ②He always kept silent at meeting. 他开会时总保持沉默。
③The door remained closed. 门仍然关着。 ④We can remain friends. 我们可以继续做朋友。
⑤Please stay seated. 请继续坐着。 ⑥He stayed single. 他仍然是单身。
remain,“仍是”，半系动词。 eg.I remained silent. 我仍然缄默。
stay“保持（某种状态）”，半系动词，后接adj.或过去分词。
D. 表像系动词：表示“看起来好像”，主要有seem, appear, look等。
eg. ①He looks tired. 他看起来很累。 ② He seems (to be) quite happy. 他好像很快活。
③The doctor seemed very capable. 那医生似乎很能干。 ④ He appeared quite well. 他显得身体相当好。
⑤He appeared taken aback. 他似乎很吃惊。 ⑥ She appeared perplexed. 她显得迷惑不解。
E．变化系动词(也叫动态系动词)：表示主语变成什么样，主要有become, grow, turn, fall, get, go, come, run等。
eg. ①He became mad after that. 自那之后，他疯了。 ② She had grown thinner and thinner. 她越来越瘦了。
③His cold was growing worse. 他的感冒越来越严重了。 ④ He’s grown used to it. 他对此已经习惯。
⑤She’s growing fat. 她正在发胖。 ⑥ When she saw this, she turned red. 她看到这，脸红了。
⑦His hair turned grey in a few weeks. 在几个星期中他头发就变灰白了。 ⑧The milk will soon turn sour. 牛奶很快就会变酸。
⑨ Several people fell ill, victims of blood poisoning. 几个人生病了，都是血中毒的受害者。
1.
⑩ We get wiser as we get old. 随着年岁的增长，我们也变得聪明些了。 ⑾ Your hair has gone quite white! 你的头发全白了!
⑿ She went pale at the news. 听到这消息，她脸色变得苍白。 ⒀ The children must not go hungry. 孩子们不能挨饿。
⒁ When I mentioned it to him he went red. 我对他提及此事时他脸红了。 ⒂ He went mad. 他疯了(from )。
become， get， grow， turn， fall， go， come， run……都属于半系动词，描述状态变化过程。
(1) get“变成，变得……起来”，后可接形容词、分词、介词短语。The train didn’t get going again.火车还没重新启动。
(2) fall“进入（某种状态），成为”，后常接以下形容词：asleep, lame, silent, ill, sick, flat.
eg. My father fell ill and died.我的父亲生病死了。
(3) grow“渐渐变得……起来，长得” eg. It’s growing warm.天气渐渐暖和起来了。
(4) turn“转变成（新的与原来完全不同的色彩或性质），变质（色）”。
eg. ①Maple trees turn red in autumn.枫叶在秋天变红了。 ②He has turned writer.他已成为一个作家。(注意：此时writer之前无冠词a.)
(5) go，“变成（某种坏的状态）” eg. ①The telephone has gone dead.电话不通了。 ②The tire went flat.轮胎瘪了。
go之后常接的adj. 如：bad, blind, wild, wrong, sour, hard, hungry, mad, red, with, anger, white, pale, blue, grey, naked等。.
(6) become“变成，成为（好坏均可的情况）” eg.①It became dark.天气晚了。/ ②They became good friends.他们成了好朋友。
(7) come，“变成为（已知的状态），证实为”，后常接形容词或前缀un-的过去分词作表语，表示状态或情况的变化。常接形容词：
apart, dear（昂贵），natural, open, short, right（好了），unstuck（没有粘住），untied（松开）。
eg. His wish to become a pilot has come true.他想当飞行员的愿望实现了。
(8) run,“变成”，后接adj. eg.The well has run dry.这井已经变干了。 eg. The price ran high.价格上升了。
(9) make，“达到某种状态[后接形容词]，如sure, certain, merry, bold, free eg. We must make certain of facts.我们一定要弄清事实。
(10) 表示主语已终止动作(也叫终止系动词)，主要有turn out(结果是、证明是), prove表达"证实"，"变成"之意。：
eg.①His story proved false. 他讲的情况原来是假的。 ②The rumor proved false. 这谣言证实有假。
③His advice proved sound. 他的劝告证明是对的 ④My intuition turned out to be correct. 我的直觉证明是对的。
⑤His plan turned out a success. 他的计划终于成功了。(turn out表终止性结果) .
prove “证明是”，半系动词，后接adj.\n.。 eg. The treatment proved to be successful.这种疗法证明是成功的。
F．双谓语系动词：此类系动词既有系动词的功能，后接表语，又保留原实义动词本身的含义。
eg. ①The run rose red.太阳升起红艳艳。 ②He married young.他结婚很早。
③The window blew open.窗户吹开了。 ④He continued silent.他继续沉默不语。
四、归纳：下面归纳一下英语系动词的用法：
连系动词基本用法:
连系动词是表示不完全谓语关系的动词，它与其后的表语一起构成谓语。常见的连系动词有be(是)，become(成为)，get(变成)，
remain(还是)，seem(似乎是)，look(看上去)，feel(感觉)等。连系动词后的表语通常是名词和形容词，有时也可以是代词、数词、
副词、介词短语、不定式、动名词、从句等：
eg. ①His English is excellent. 他的很棒。(跟形容词) ②He is a famous poet. 他是著名诗人。(跟名词)
③Money isn’t everything．金钱不是一切。(跟代词) ④She was the first to arrive．她是第一个到达的人。(跟数词)
⑤Who is upstairs 谁在楼上？(跟副词) ⑥He is with his friends. 他和朋友在一起。(跟介词短语)
⑦He seems to be ill. 他似乎病了。(跟不定式) ⑧Seeing is believing. 眼见为实。(跟动名词)
⑨This is what you need. 这就是你需要的。(跟从句)
五、连系动词使用应注意以下几点：
1. 关于连系动词后接形容词或副词作表语: 连系动词后通常可接形容词作表语，一般不接副词。
eg.①误：His English is very well. 他的很好。(应将well改为good) ②误：Be carefully. 小心点。(应将carefully改为careful)
③误：The soup tastes nicely. 这汤味道不错。(应将nicely改为nice) ④ He felt comfortably here. (应将comfortably改为comfortable)
但是，有时连系动词后也可接副词作表语，不过这主要限于in, on, off, out, away, behind, up, down, over, through, around,
round, below, inside, outside 等少数副词小品词以及here, there, upstairs, downstairs等少数表示地点或方位的副词：
eg. ①Mother wasn’t in last night. 母亲昨晚不在家。 ②The meeting was over at five. 会议五点结束。
2.
③Come along. The taxi is outside. 来吧，出租车在外面。 ④Mother is downstairs waiting for you. 母亲在楼下等你。
2. 关于连系动词后接不定式:
(1) 连系动词be后根据情况可自由地接不定式作表语：
eg. ①My dream is to be a scientist. 我的梦想是当一名科学家。 ②All I could do was to wait. 我只能等。
③My plan was to go from London to Paris. 我计划从伦敦去巴黎。 ④I was to have seen Mr Kay. 我本要去见凯先生的。
(2) seem, appear, prove, continue, turn out, get, grow, come 等连系动词后也可接不定式(尤其是to be)作表语：
eg. ①She always seems to be sad. 她常常显得很忧伤。 ②My advice proved to be wrong. 我的意见证明是错的。
③She appears to have many friends. 他好像有很多朋友。 ④The weather turned out to be fine. 天气结果很好。
⑤Circumstances continue to be favorable. 情况仍然是有利的。 ⑥He has grown to like ing English. 他渐渐喜欢学了。
【注】若所接不定式为to be，通常可以省略。不过，若其后接的是表语形容词，则to be通常不宜省略。另外，连系动词look
后能否接to be似乎尚有争论，不过，在现代中接to be的现象已较普遍。
(3) sound, smell, feel, taste, become等连系动词后通常不能接不定式：
eg. ①误：These oranges taste to be good. (应去掉to be) ②误：The roses smell to be nice. (应去掉to be)
(4) 有的连系动词后接的从句可用不定式来改写：
eg. ①It seems that she’s right. / She seems to be right. 她似乎是对的。
②It appears that you have made a mistake. / You appear to have made a mistake. 似乎你弄错了。
3. 系动词的进行时态应分情况讨论。一般地说，状态系动词无进行时态，而动态系动词有进行时态。但是在某些情况下，状态系
动词也有进行时态，表示两个用途：
(1)示一种短暂的、反常的状态。 eg. He is being kind.他装出和蔼可亲的样子（一时而不能持久的性质）
(2) 示一种探询口气，使语言客气、生动、亲切。 eg. Are you feeling any better （语气亲切）你感觉好了些吗？
试比较：Your hand feels cold.（无意识的静态性质。）你的手摸起来冰凉。
不可以说：Your hand is feeling cold.(×) 但可以说：The doctor is feeling her pulse.（有意识的动态动作）
总之，系动词有无进行时态应随系动词的意义或其语境变化而变化。我们在概述某一动词的进行时态时，不能笼统地说feel，smell
无进行时，应指出其意义及其语用环境。例如smell的用法可见一斑。
①smell作“嗅觉”的能力时，虽是实义动词，但指的是一种性质的存在状态不能用于进行时态，常与can, could, be able to连用。
eg. The camels can smell the water a mile off.骆驼能嗅出一英里外有水。
②指“嗅、闻”的动作时，实义动词，可用于进行时态。 eg. The girl is smelling the flower.这姑娘正在闻那朵花。
③smell指“含有……气味”，“发出……气味”等事物性质时，半系动词，无进行时态。
eg. The dinner smells good.这饭菜闻起来真香。
4. 系动词的时态与形容词的比较级连用的问题。
某些含有变化意义的动态系动词如get, become, grow, turn等的进行时态可与形容词的比较级连用，表示渐进过程，其意思是“越
来越……”。 eg. ①He is growing taller and taller.他长得越来越高了。
②Our life is getting better and better.我们的生活是越来越好了。 ③The things are getting worse.情况是越来越糟了。
5. 所有半系动词的被动语态要分情况讨论。
英语中某动词在作系动词用时，无被动语态，而作实义动词用时，才有被动语态，二者不可混为一谈。
eg. ①不能说：The apple is tasted good.（taste此时是系动词，“尝起来”之意，指的是苹果的性质，无被动语态）
②但可以说：The apple is tasted by me.这苹果被我尝了一下。（taste此时指“尝一尝”这一动作，有被动语态）
因此，要有意注意半系动词在具体的语言环境中到底是系动词用法还是实义动词用法，要注意区分、识别。
6. 瞬间动态系动词能否与时间段连用的问题
英语中某些表示瞬间意义的系动词不能与“for+时间段，since+时间点，how long until+时间,by + 时间，so far”等直接连用。
eg.①不能说：He has become a teacher for 2 years. 应改为：He has been a teacher for 2 years.
②不能说：He has turned writer since 3 years ago. 应改为：He has been a write since 3 years ago. 或It is two years since he turned writer.
7. 系动词能接几种表语(从句)；系动词除了接adj.\n.\prep.短语，某些adv.以外，还可接以下几种表语形式：
3.
(1)能接as if/as though表语从句的系动词有：look (看起来), smell (闻起来), sound (听起来), feel (觉得), appear (显得), seem (似乎)。
eg.①It looks as if we are going to have snow.看样子天要下雪了。 ②It seems as if it were spring already.好像已是春天了。
(2)可用于“It+系动词+that从句”结构的有：seem, appear, 不可用be, look。如：
eg. ①It seemed that he had made some serious mistakes in his work.好像他在工作中犯了严重错误。
②It appeared that he was talking to himself.好像他在自言自语。
(3) 能用不定式作表语的系动词有：be, seem, get, look, appear, prove, grow.
eg.①Her job is to look after the children.她的工作是照料孩子们。 ②He seems not to look after the children.他好像不是她的父亲。
(4) 能与there连用的系动词有：be, appear, seem.
eg.①There appeared to be only one room.那儿好像只有一个房间。 ②There seems(to be)no need to go.似乎没有必要走。
8．能用两种否定形式的系动词有二个：seem, appear.,举例说明：
eg.①He seems not to be her father.= He doesn’t seem to be her father.
②The baby doesn’t appear to be awake.= The baby appears not to be awake.
另taste(用于否定句I haven't tasted meat for ages.我已有好久没吃过肉了。)
9. 后接作表语的过去分词可构成系表结构
能构成系表结构的系动词有两个：第一个是常见的be(is, am, was等)；第二个是get，口语中常用。当二者作系动词用时，它们
均表示一种存在状态，而不表示被动动作；当二者作助动词用时，后接作谓语的过去分词构成被动语态。
be + P.P常可以用get + P.P.来代替，但是并不是be系动词总是可以用get来代替。get + P.P.系表结构常用于以下两种情况：
(1)表示偶然的、突发性的、意想不到的被动动作的结果或状态。
eg. ①Last night I got caught in the downpour.昨夜我被雨淋了（表示意想不到） ②The new car got scratched.新车给刮坏了。（表突发性）
(2) 表示对自身所作的事。如get dressed, get lost等。 eg.They got married last month.他们上个月结婚了。
另外，要注意区分系表结构与被动语态结构的用法。
六、几组易混系动词的区别：
系动词的区别主要从两个方面作比较，一是其意义，二是其结构。
1. get, become, go, turn, grow: “变成”。
get：“变得”口语。后接形容词、现在分词、过去分词、介词短语、不定式作表语，但不能与名词直接连用。
become：“变成，成为（人的情绪或身体状态的变化，或表示天气、社会的发展变化好坏情况均可，与get可以互换）。”后接形
容词、名词、过去分词作表语，不能与不定式连用。become可接表示职业的带有定冠词的单或复数名词。
注意：关于become和get：
(1) become 和get主要指一个人暂时性的身心变化或永久性的自然变化。
eg. become [get] angry, famous, fat, ill, old, well, deaf, strong, etc 生气，成名，发胖，得病，变老，痊愈，变聋，变强，等。
(2) become 和 get 还可用于指天气的变化和社会的趋势：
eg.①It’s becoming [getting] cold (dark, cloudy, etc). 天渐冷了(黑了，多云了等)。
②Divorce is becoming [getting] more common. 离婚现象越来越常见了。
go：“变成（人的身体、精神或事物某种由好到坏的情况）”，后接形容词、过去分词、名词作表语表示消极意义。
turn：“转变成”强调与原来不同的、新的变化，如变质、变色（颜色）等，与go互换。后接形容词、不带冠词的名词作表语，
后不接不定式。可接无冠词的表示职业的单或复数名词或接表示一定时间、年龄的数量词。
注意：关于go和come : (1) come 和 go 都可用作连系动词，表示事物状态的变化。
eg. ①go bald (deaf, insane, etc) 发秃，变聋，发疯等。 ②The meat’s gone off (gone bad). 肉变味(变坏)了。
③The radio’s gone wrong. 收音机出毛病了。④Her wish came true. 她的愿望实现了。 ⑤Everything came right. 一切顺利。
⑥Wrong never comes right. 错的永远不会变成对的。 ⑦Your shoe-laces have come undone. 你的鞋带散了。
⑧The package is about to come unwrapped. 那个包快散开了。⑨The children went wild with excitement. 孩子们欣喜若狂。
⑩She went pale at the news. 听了这消息她脸色变得苍白。 ⑾He went mad in the end. 最后他疯了。
⑿Fish soon goes bad in hot weather. 大热天鱼很容易坏。 ⒀The children must not go hungry. 孩子们不应挨饿。
4.
(2) 两者之后所接形容词通常各有其特点，有时还可从好坏方面去区别：即 come 用于“好”的变化，go 用于“坏”的变化。
eg.①The meat has gone bad. 这肉变味了。 ②Things will come right. 一切会顺利地进行。
③Something has gone wrong with the radio. 这收音机什么地方出了毛病。④Her dream has come true. 她的梦想实现了。
(3) 表示人的生理变化通常用 go。eg. go blind 变瞎 /go deaf 变聋 /go grey 两鬓渐白
(4) go还可用于人或事物颜色的变色，与turn用法相同：
eg. ①She went [turned] blue with cold. 她冻得脸色发青了。 ②The rotten meat went [turned] green. 这块腐烂的肉变绿了。
【注】① 但是 go 一般不与 old, tired, ill 等连用，遇此情况要用其他连系动词：grow [get] old 变老，fall [become] ill (sick) 生病，get [feel] tired 疲劳。
② go后接形容词通常表示的结果(见上例)，在个别搭配中也表示现状：go hungry 挨饿，go naked 光着身子
③ come 除表示向好的方面变化外，还有以下常见搭配值得注意：come untied 解开，come loose 变松，come undone 松开
grow：“逐渐变得……”，强调其变化过程。后接形容词、分词、不定式，不可直接跟名词。
注意：关于grow : 主要表示逐渐变化，强调变化的过程。
eg.①It began to grow dark. 天色渐渐黑了。 ②The sea is growing calm. 大海变得平静起来。 ③The pollution problem is growing serious. 污染问题日见严峻。
以上连系动词通常接形容词作表语，但有的还可接其他结构，如come, get, grow后可接不定式，become, turn后可接名词，get, grow后可接介词短语：
eg.①You’ll soon grow to like her. 你很快就会喜欢她的。 ②It’s becoming a serious problem．它正在成为一个严重问题。
③The little plant grew into a tree. 幼苗长成了一棵树。 ④They went out of fashion years ago．它们好多年前已变得不时新了。
【注】turn后接名词时，往往表示意想不到的变化，名词前通常用零冠词：
eg.①He turned writer after he graduated from a medical college. 他从医学院毕业后当了作家。
②比较：He became a writer after graduating from college.
2. look, seem, appear: “好像”
三者作系动词时在意义上的区别：
look：“好像，看起来”，一般用于非正式场合，侧重指从本身外表特征上由视觉得到的印象。
seem ：“似乎，好像”，指说话人内心的估计与判断，有一定依据，接近于实际情况。
appear：“显得，好像”，常用于正式文体中，指某事物或人给他人的表面印象，有时含有实质上并非如此之意。
eg. ①He looks like his father. （指其长相看起来相像） ②He seems like his father. （指说话人从个性方面得到的判断）
③He appears like his father.（指他的外貌、衣着给他人的印象）
3. keep, remain, stay“保持……状态”
keep系动词用时“保持……状态”，后接adj.或介词短语其后常见:
alive,awake,cheerful,silent,dry,well,fit,fine,close,clean,happy,firm in one’s stand等。
eg.①I hope it will keep fine.我希望天气继续好下去。 ②We’d better keep in touch.我们最好保持联系。
remain，系动词“仍然存在……状态”，后接adj.、过去分词、名词或介词短语，强调某种状态前后无变化。
eg.①The door remained closed.门仍然关着。 ②Your room remains like this.你的房间依旧是这样子。
stay，作系动词用时“保持……状态”，后接形容词、分词。
eg.①That fellow stayed single.那个小伙子仍保持单身。②The door stayed closed.门一直关着（无比较的持续状态）
③It’s easy to stay hidden.躲起来很容易。 ④Please stay seated.请继续坐着。
后常接的形容词有：calm, clean, fresh, healthy, tight, young, open, awake, still, warm, fine, as high as…,常可与keep互换。
eg. Stay/keep calm(clean, fine, healthy, awake等)
4. look, sound, smell, taste, feel的用法特点:
当这几个词用作连系动词的时候，它们的意思分别是“看起来”、“听起来”、“闻起来”、“尝起来”、“摸起来”，其用法特点如下：
特点一: 通常以被感觉的东西作主语，虽有被动词味，但不用被动语态。
eg.①误：The material is felt nice. 这料子摸起来不错。(is felt 应改为feels)
②误：The soup is tasted delicious. 这汤味道不错。(is tasted应改为tastes)
特点二: 其后均可接介词 like。
eg.①This looks (tastes, smells, feels) like an orange. 这东西看起来(吃起来，闻起来，摸起来)像桔子。
5.
另外，taste和smell后还可接介词of，表示“有…的味道”：
②It tastes [smells] of fish. 这东西有鱼的味道。
特点三: 除look外均不用于进行时态(即使是look用于进行时态也不多见)。
eg. You look [are looking] tired this evening. 今晚你好像很累。
但是不说What you says is sounding reasonable.
【注】feel 表示“感觉”可用于进行时：
eg.①How are you feeling now 你现在感觉如何 ②I’m feeling terrible. 我感到难受极了。
另外，若以上动词用作实意动词，则可以用于进行时态： eg.He is tasting the pudding. 他在尝布丁。
特点四: 除look外，均不能接 to be(即使是look后接to be也不多见)。
eg. She looks (to be) the best person for this job. 她似乎是做这项工作的最佳人选。
【注】feel 有时可表示“使人感觉起来…”： eg. It feels cold in here. 这儿很冷。
5. 系动词continue的用法: continue可用作连系动词，其后可接形容词、介词短语等。
接形容词
eg. ①He continued silent. 他继续沉默着。 ②We hope the weather will continue fine. 我们希望天气继续很好。
③It did not seem likely that he would continue long in that position. 他似乎不太可能长期留在这个职位。
接介词短语
eg.①Mother continues in weak health. 母亲身体仍然很虚弱。②He continues in good condition. 他的健康情况仍然良好。
③After his illness the Minister continued in office though he was no longer up to the work / up to doing the work. 部长生病后继续任职，但他已力不胜任了。
6. run用作连系动词只限于和少数形容词搭配。
run cold eg. ①My blood ran cold. 我的血都凉了。
②The sight of the dead body made his blood run cold. 他看见尸体不禁毛骨悚然。
③The water ran cold when I turned the tap on. 我把水龙头打开，水就凉了。
run dry eg. ①The well ran dry. 这口井干枯了。
②The little pond ran dry. 那座小池塘干涸了。 ③The River Wey ran dry during the recent drought. 近来天气干旱，韦河干涸了。
run high
eg.①Feelings against him ran high反对他的情绪高涨。 ②Feeling over the dismissal ran high. 对解雇事件群情鼎沸。
③Passions ran high as the election approached. 选举日期临近，人们情绪很高涨。
run loose eg.The lion has run loose. 狮子从笼子里跑出来了。
run low eg.①The petrol’s running low. 汽油快用完了。 ②We’re running low on petrol. 我们的汽油不多了。
③Our supplies are running low. 我们的供应品不多了。
run riot
eg.①The crowd ran riot in the streets. 群众在街上乱跑。
②Football hooligans ran riot through the town. 闹事的足球迷在城里胡作非为。
③Inflation is running riot and prices are out of control. 通货极度膨胀，物价失去控制。
run short
eg.①I have run short of money. 我缺钱。 ②Go and get some more oil so we don’t run short. 去多弄些油来以免到时候用光了。
③I’m late for work every day and I’m running short of excuses. 我每天迟到，现在找不到什么藉口了。
run small eg.These shirts run small. 这些衬衫小了。
run strong eg.The tide was running strong. 潮水上涨了。
run wild eg.①The violets are running wild in the flower bed. 紫罗兰在花圃里乱长。
②Those boys have been allowed to run wild. 那些男孩子无人管教肆无忌惮。
有时跟副词或介词短语：eg. ①My contract runs out in September. 我的合同九月份到期。
②Our supplies soon ran out. 我们的供应品很快用完。③The truck’s run out of gas again. 卡车又没有汽油了。
6.
7. 系动词become的用法: become用作连系动词，意为“成为”，其后可接：
(1) 名词： eg. ①She has become a painter of distinction. 她成了一名杰出的画家。
②They became great friends. 他们成了莫逆之交。 ③He aims to become a computer expert. 他打算当一名电脑专家。
(2)形容词
eg.①She became very fond of her. 她变得非常喜欢她了。 ②He soon became angry. 他过了一会儿就生气了。
③She has become familiar with the house. 她对这房子已变得很熟悉。 ④I’ve become used to a vegetarian diet. 我已习惯于素食。
(3)过去分词
eg.①They had just become engaged. 他们刚刚订婚。 ②At last the truth became known to us. 我们终于知道了真相。
③The room soon became crowded. 房间很快变得拥挤起来。 ④Jamie was becoming annoyed with me. 杰米变得对我不高兴起来。
(4)其后一般不接不定式
eg.①他开始对生物感兴趣了。 误：He became to be interested in biology. 正：He became interested in biology.
②于是我们开始喜欢他了。 误：Then we became to like him. 正：Then we began [came] to like him.
8.系动词rest的用法: rest用作连系动词只限于和少数形容词搭配。
rest a mystery eg.The affair rests a mystery. 这件事一直是个谜。
rest easy eg. Rest easy. 不要紧张。
rest assured eg.①You can rest assured that I will do my best. 你放心，我会尽力。
②You can rest assured that I’ll do my best. 你可以放心我会尽力而为的。
③You may rest assured that everything possible is being done. 你尽管放心，正在尽力把一切都做好。
④You may rest assured that l will do everything I call to help you. 你可以相信我会尽力帮助你的。
rest thus eg.The matter rests thus—that you are responsible for the damage. 事实仍然是这样——你得对损坏负责。
七、系动词的使用特点：
1. 所有的系动词都可接形容词作表语，此处略举数例。
2. 能用名词作表语的系动词有：be， become， turn sound， remain， seem等。
3. 能用不定式作表语的系动词有：appear， seem， get， prove， remain， turn out等。
4. 能接从句的有：be， seem， appear， sound， look等。
5. 能接介词短语的有：be， feel， look， sound， taste， remain等。 be是特别活跃的系动词，其后可接很多介词短语作
表语。其他系动词能和介词搭配的范围很小。
eg. ①It feels like a rain。 ②It sounds like a train going under my room。 ③It tastes of apples。(这有苹果的味道。)
④It looks like a rain。 ⑤The concert remains in my memory。
6. 能接分词的系动词有：be， become， get， grow， seem， appear等。 eg.He seems/ appears drunk。
系动词后还可接代词、数词、动名词、副词及其词组，基本都是be的用法。其他系动词几乎不能这样用或很少这样用。
7.关于be：英语的“be”是个特别动词；有些语言，如中文和马来文，并没有“be”这样的动词。 “Be”除了原形的“be”之外，还有
另外七种形式：am, is, are, been, being, was, were.在句子中，“be”可以是主动词或助动词.
(1) 当主动词时，“be”在性质上属于接系动词, 后面要有名词、形容词、地方副词或短语作补足语。当有be的陈述句，要变成疑
问句时方法简单，把主语和“be”或助动词对换位置即可：eg. ①Is the man a science teacher ②Have I been there before
当“be”要在祈使句中出现时，它必须借重助动词“do”或“don't”之助。eg.①Don't be silly! ②Do be obedient! ③Don't be a fool!
(2)“be”有两种缩写法: eg. He's not...../He isn't.... . You're not...../You aren't...
但“am + not”的缩写法只有一个：. I'm not. 有人用“ain't”, 但这并不是标准英语。
(3)“be”作助动词时用法: “Be + 现在分词”以组成进行式时态; “Be + 过去分词”以组成被动语态。
八、常见系动词错误及其成因：
1.是有漏掉系动词的倾向性，因为汉语中无系动词。eg.I afraid he won’t come tomorrow(am)
2.误用系动词，eg. His hands feel coldly.(feel本身作系动词与实义动词的差别不清)
英语中的系动词与实义动词的用法区分开，其后所接词性不尽相同，成份也不同。
7.
系动词练习题：
1.That young Swedish＿＿＿＿quite still, except that his lips moved slightly. A. kept B. grew C. got D. stood
2. In late autumn leaves ＿＿＿＿＿ brown. A. get B. turn C. stand D. come
3. Little Jim’s speech sounds ＿＿＿＿＿. A. friendly B. wonderfully C. pleasantly D. nicely
4. The poor boy ＿＿＿＿＿ blind at the age of three. A. turned B. went C. became D. looked
5. As a child, Franc ＿＿＿＿＿. A. was alive B. grew patience C. ran wild D. came true
6. In spring, all the flowers in the garden ＿＿＿＿＿ sweet. A. become B. taste C. smell D. sound
7. She＿＿＿＿like her mother in character. A. feels B. seems C. looks D. is
8. It ＿＿＿＿＿ another fine day tomorrow. A. seems B. appears C. promises D. looks
9. His father ＿＿＿＿＿ that older than he really is. A. grows B. appears C. turns D. becomes
10. His girlfriend ＿＿＿＿＿a singer. A. has turned B. grew C. has become D. turned
11. Obviously, the old soldier’s knowledge of English＿＿＿very weak. A. seems B. rised C. remained D. looked
12.His mother ＿＿＿＿＿ teacher. A. became B. has turned C. came D. proved
13. It sounds ＿＿＿＿＿ the singing of rails. A. as B. in C. like D. as if
14. Her temperature ＿＿＿＿to be all right. A. seems B. sounds C. appears D. looks
15. His wish to become a driver has ＿＿＿＿true. A. realized B. come C. grown D. turned
16. His plan ＿＿＿＿＿ to be a perfect one. A. proved B. was proved C. is proving D. proving
17.When her mother came home yesterday, it was＿___＿＿dark. A. running B. coming C. getting D. going
18. These apples taste ＿＿＿＿＿. A. to be good B. good C. to be well D. well
19. —— How about the cloth you bought yesterday —— That’s very beautiful. It ＿＿＿so soft. A. felt B. feels C. is feeling D. fall
20. When his brother telephoned him last night, he＿＿＿＿＿asleep. A. kept B. got C. fall D. fell
21.He looks＿＿＿＿he hadn’t had a good meal for a month. A. that B. as if C. when D. so far
22. It ＿＿＿＿＿that he was late for the train. A. looks B. turns C. gets D. seems
23. What does your brother look ＿＿＿＿＿ A. as B. on C. after D. like
24. She ＿＿＿＿red with anger as soon as she heard the news. A. went B. stayed C. became D. remained
25. What a lovely day! I hope it ＿＿＿＿fine. A. stayed B. will stay C. will get D. turn
26.On hearing the news of the accident in the coal mine,she pale. A.got B.changed C.went D.appeared
27.The children all looked______at the broken model plane and felt quite _____. A. sad, sad B. sadly, sadly C. sad, sadly D. sadly, sad
28. (1995上海)We don’t care if a hunting dog smells _________, but we really don’t want him to smell _________.
A. well, well B. bad, bad C. well, badly D. badly, bad
29. It was a pity that he __________ blind，but to the joy of his family，his dream of becoming a musician _________true at last.
A. came，came B. went，went C. came，went D. went，came
30. (1) He looks ________. (2) He looked ________at his broken car. A. sad，sad B. sadly，sadly C. sad，sadly D. sadly，sad
31. (1) Hearing this，she felt _________. A. happy，strong B. happily，strongly
(2) I felt ________we should take some action. C. happy，strongly D. happily，strong
32. (1) The dog is too dirty and smells _________. A. bad，bad B. badly，badly
(2) The dog can’t be used for hunting，for he smells _________. C. bad，badly D. badly，bad
33. (1) He worked very hard，and his dream came _________ at last. A. true，happy B. truly，happily
(2) The boy came ________ to the shop with the money his mother gave him. C. truly，happy D. true，happily
34. The story sounds __________. A. to be true B. as true C. being true D. true
35. “Do you like the material ” “Yes, it _________ very soft.” A. is feeling B. felt C. feels D. is felt
36. Her forehead _________ hot. I’m afraid she is ill. A. is feeling B. felt C. is felt D. feels
37. The new school has been completed. It _______very beautiful. A. is looked B. looked C. has looked D. looks
8.
38. The dish _________ nice, but the milk _________ sour. A. is smelt, is smelt B. is smelt, smells C. smells, is smelt D. smells, smells
39. The story of his life ___________ interesting. A. is sounded B. is sounding C. has sounded D. sounds
40.(2004天津25.) Happy birthday, Alice! So you have __________twenty-one already! A. become B. turned C. grown D. passed
41.(2004湖北30.) On hearing the news of the accident in the coal mine, she_______pale. A. got B. changed C. went D. appeared
42.(2005 天津12.) I don’t want _________like I’m speaking ill of anyone, but the manager’s plan is unfair.
A. to sound B. to be sounded C. sounding D. to have sounded
43.(2007湖北 22.) Emergency line operators must always_________calm and make sure that they get all information they need to send help.
A. grow B. appear C. become D. stay
2010届高考模拟单项选择题汇编: 名词 A. measure B. access C. way D. method
1.(2010天津市耀华中学高三暑假验收考试)The increase in home computers means that families have much easier_________to information.
2.(2010·温州市八校高三8月联考)
Typhoon Morakot has caused great ________to the local economies in Wenzhou. A. injury B. wound C. ruin D. damage
3.(2010·温州市八校高三8月联考)—Have you known each other for long —Not very long, ________we started to work in the company.
4. (2010·宁夏银川实验中学高三上第一次月考) A. after B. before C. when D. since
Although I had read the book assigned by the professor several times , it didn’t make any _________ to me.
5. (2010·嘉兴市高三基础测试) 冠词 A. meaning B. importance C. sense D. significance
—Has the little boy passed_________P. E. test？—He has tried twice and the teacher will allow him to have___________third try.
6.(2010·天津市耀华中学高三暑假验收考试 A. the； 不填 B. a； the C. the； a D. the； the
Would you like________knife and fork，or would you rather use__________chopsticks，sir
7. (2010·温州市八校高三8月联考) A. the；the B. a：／ C.／；the D. the；the
Winters in ________ north of China are for________ most part dry and cold.
8. (2010·浙江省杭州高中高三上第一次月考) A. 不填; a B. the; 不填 C. 不填; 不填 D. the; the
______ two pandas from Chinese mainland has become ___________ hot topic in Taiwan.
9. (2010·宁夏银川实验中学高三上第一次月考) A. The, a B. A, a C. /, the D. The, /
________ concern about food safety seems to be ________subject that is being discussed all over the world.
10. (2010·湖南省衡阳八中高三上第一次月考) A. The; a B. A; ／ C. The; the D. ／; the
Now I’ve been out of ________ work for weeks, I’ve joined the ranks of _________ unemployed.
11. (2010·山东省兖州市高三上模块检测) A. the; 不填 B. the; the C.不填; the D.不填; an
Zhang Yimou is considered to be one of__________top directors in____________film industry．
12. (2010·湖南省长沙市一中高三上第二次月考) A. a；a B. the；the C. the；a D. a；the
No matter how long is your life, you will, at best, be able to read only a few books of all that have been written, and ________ few you do
read should include ________ best. A. a; the B. the; the C. the; a D. /; the
13. (2010·黑龙江省哈三中高三上9月月考) ---Stay a bit longer, please. It’s been such _______ fun having you here.
---Thank you, but I’ve got __________early start tomorrow morning. A. /; the B. a; an C. /; an D. the; an
14. (2010·天津市耀华中学高三暑假验收考试) 代词
—Is Mike a diligent student —No，but he is a lazy one, if_________. A. anything B. something C. everything D. nothing
15. (2010·宁夏银川实验中学高三上第一次月考) — What is ________ like being a sailor — Wonderful.
16. (2010·山东省兖州市高三上模块检测) A. one B. that C. this D. it
—Have you finished your report yet —No，I’ll finish in_________ten minutes．A.another B.other C.more D. less
17. (2010·湖南省长沙市一中高三上第二次月考) A. it B. that　 C. this D. those
I’ve got used to the Chinese food. But I don’t like ________when a Chinese host keeps serving me the food I don’t like.
18. (2010·株洲二中高三第一次月考) 介词和连词 A. for B. from C. against D. towards
After the robbery, the jewelry shop fixed an alarm system __________ further losses.
9.
19. (2010·株洲二中高三第一次月考) A. that B. when C. before D. after
-----Did your boss phone you again the next day -----No, it was a week __________ he gave me a second call.
20. (2010·湖南省长沙市一中高三上第二次月考) A. even though B. in order that C.with the result that D. because
Prices continued to rise while wages reminded low _________ the Government became increasingly unpopular.
21. (2010·黑龙江省哈三中高三上9月月考) A. and B. / C. or D. but
What you smell as you sleep may influence your dreams. Smell the flowers before you go to sleep _______ you may just end up with rosier dreams.
22. (2010·嘉兴市高三基础测试) 形容词和副词 A. carefu; careful B. care; carefully C. carefull; carefully D. carefully; careful
—Do you think our teacher is_________？—Yes， he always corrects our homework and prepares his lessons__________.
23. (2010·嘉兴市高三基础测试) A. exciting; exciting B. excited; excited C. exciting; excited D. excited; exciting
Yesterday our head teacher made such an_________speech that we all felt_________.
24. (2010·温州市八校高三8月联考) A. difficult B. convenient C. available D. important
It is not__________ for me to return all the books to the library now because I still need them.
25.( 2010·浙江省杭州高中高三上第一次月考) She is so __________ that no one can ever persuade her.
26. (2010·嘉兴市高三基础测试) A. reliable B. stubborn C. artificial D. intelligent
I’ll probably see you on Sunday；_________， it will be on Monday. A. thus B. then C. after all D. if not
27.( 2010·天津市耀华中学高三暑假验收考试) A. enough B. much C. such D. that
After having gone_________far, George did not want to turn back．
28.( 2010·温州市八校高三8月联考) A. simply B. entirely C. absolutely D. hardly
The news came as quite a shock to us, but he seemed to be____________surprised.
29.( 2010·湖南省长沙市一中高三上第二次月考) She always thinks of_________she can do more for her students. A. what B. how C. if D. whatever
30. (2010·嘉兴市高三基础测试) 比较级和最高级 A. the size as B. more than C. bigger as D. bigger than
—Wow, your house is so big！—Yes, it’s three times___________yours.
31.( 2010·浙江省杭州高中高三上第一次月考) A. as twice B. twice many C. twice many as D. twice as many
To our surprise, we got __________ people to attend the meeting as we expected.
32.( 2010·山东省兖州市高三上模块检测) After the new technique was introduced，the factory produced_________in 2001 as the year before.
A. as twice many machines B. twice many as machines C. as many machines twice D. twice as many machines
33.( 2010·黑龙江省哈三中高三上9月月考) A. as well as B. no better C. no worse D. not better
---Did Tom win the 200-meter race at our sports meet ---Of course not. I’m a poor runner and he did __________ than I.
34.( 2010·嘉兴市高三基础测试) 动词及动词短语 A. sound　 B. sounded C. sounding　 D. sounds
—I am wondering if we could go boating on the weekend. —It__________a good idea.
35.( 2010·嘉兴市高三基础测试) A. looking up B. looking out C. looking into D. looking for
The building around the corner caught fire last night. The police are now__________the matter.
36.( 2010·嘉兴市高三基础测试) The food here smells very good, but what does it__________like？A. feel B. taste C. touch D. sense
37.( 2010·嘉兴市高三基础测试)
—Madam, your clothes are ready now. —Thanks. And how much shall I__________for them？ A. cost B. take C. spend D. pay
38.( 2010·嘉兴市高三基础测试) A. turn to B. look for C. deal with D. talk about
Miss Brown is having a lot of trouble with the washing machine, but she doesn’t know whom to____________for help.
39.( 2010·株洲二中高三第一次月考) A.expand, from B.differ,between C. range, from D. tell, between
Although the children _______ in age __________ seven to thirteen, they have a lot in common.
40.( 2010·安徽省芜湖七中高三上第一次调研考试) A. appreciated B. enjoyed C. won D. seized
The novel “The Da Vinci Code” ___________a great success and was translated into 44 languages in 2004.
41. (2010·株洲二中高三第一次月考) A. tended B. addicted C. appealed D. applied
In the past, he rarely spoke unless others were speaking about something that __________ to him.
10.
42.( 2010·株洲二中高三第一次月考) A. make out B. make up C. make for D. make off
Without my glasses, I couldn’t ___________ whether that figure on the blackboard was a three or an eight.
43.( 2010·天津市耀华中学高三暑假验收考试) A. come along B. come on C. come up D. come out
A truly creative person can tell the same story time after time and still__________with fresh ideas.
44.( 2010·天津市耀华中学高三暑假验收考试) A. regard B. recognize C. read D. realize
Jack must be worried about something．You can___________it from the look on his face．
45.( 2010·温州市八校高三8月联考) A. assist B. insist C. provide D. evaluate
We may be able to __________ you in some way if you can not finish your work on time.
46.( 2010·温州市八校高三8月联考) A. put out B. put off C. put forward D. put down
At the meeting, student representatives ________some very good suggestions.
47.( 2010·温州市八校高三8月联考) A. suggested B. demanded C. recommended D. hoped
His parents __________ him to work in a big company but he failed them.
48.( 2010·浙江省杭州高中高三上第一次月考) A. make for B. add up C. add to D. join in
On Christmas Eve, we put up some balloons to __________ the festival atmosphere.
49.( 2010·浙江省杭州高中高三上第一次月考) A. belonging to B. belongs to C. is belonged to D. is belonging to
No one is sure who the dictionary ________.
50.( 2010·浙江省杭州高中高三上第一次月考) A. get across B. keep to C. take up D. make up
You must _________ to the rules and behave properly even if you think they are unfair
51.( 2010·宁夏银川实验中学高三上第一次月考) A. broke down B. broke up C. broke out D. broke in
The lift _____ and we were trapped inside it.
52.( 2010·湖南省衡阳八中高三上第一次月考) A. was worth reading B. was worth to be read
The old woman insisted that the book Mr. Thopson talked about ________. C. being worth reading D. be worth reading
53.( 2010·湖南省衡阳八中高三上第一次月考) A.consists with B.consists of C. including D. is contained
----How many chapters does the book have ----It _________ three chapters.
54.( 2010·山东省兖州市高三上模块检测) A. live with B. go through C. die from D. live through
Do you think our great ship will_________the hurricane
55.( 2010·山东省兖州市高三上模块检测) A. consists of B. is consisted of C. are made up of D. make up of
It’s said that the team_________twelve top European players．
56.( 2010·山东省兖州市高三上模块检测) A. resign B. abandon C. conduct D. release
Due to bad weather，the police had to___________the search for the missing boy.
57.( 2010·湖南省长沙市一中高三上第二次月考) A. didn’t agree B. hadn’t agreed C. wouldn’t agree D. shouldn’t agree
His silence at the meeting suggested that he _________ with you.
58.( 2010·黑龙江省哈三中高三上9月月考) A. go to B. take for C. addict to D. go for
---What’s your favorite music, by the way --- I really _________ progressive jazz.
59.( 2010·嘉兴市高三基础测试) 动词的时态及语态 A. studies B. studied C. is studying D. was studying
Cathy is taking notes of the grammatical rules in class at Sunshine School，where she__________English now.
60.( 2010·嘉兴市高三基础测试) A. has fallen B. had fallen C. is falling D. was falling
The unemployment rate in this district___________from 6% to 5% in the past two years.
61.( 2010·株洲二中高三第一次月考) --- Could you tell me what he said just now --- Sorry, I __________ what was going on outside.
A. had thought B. was thinking C. thought D. think
62.( 2010·温州市八校高三8月联考) A. was B. had been C. has been D. were
Mr. Smith would have come to see you if it had been possible, but he __________ so busy.
63.( 2010·浙江省杭州高中高三上第一次月考)
11.
For some time now, Chinese people, under the leadership of CPC, ______ the contents of the Scientific Development Theory in the course
of practicing socialism in China. A. had been improving B. have been improving C. were improving D. improved
64.( 2010·宁夏银川实验中学高三上第一次月考) A. was holding B. had held C. was to hold D. was to be held
What I wanted to know was when and where the meeting_________.
65.( 2010·宁夏银川实验中学高三上第一次月考) A. were reading B. had read C. have read D. read
—Remember the first time we met, Jim —Of course I do. You__________in the library.
66.( 2010·湖南省衡阳八中高三上第一次月考) A. meet B. have been met C. met D. have been meeting
---- Where have you been all day ---- We _________some beautiful children and we couldn’t get away from them until it was dark．
67.( 2010·山东省兖州市高三上模块检测) A. didn’t see B. hadn’t seen C. don’t see D. haven’t seen
—It’s said that“Traffic”is an exciting film． — I_________it yet．I hope to see it soon．
68.( 2010·山东省兖州市高三上模块检测) A. is taken B. will be taken C. taken D. has taken
He will stop showing off，if no notice__________of him．
69.( 2010·湖南省长沙市一中高三上第二次月考) A. hadn’t B. didn’t C.weren’t D. might not
--- Had we been more careful, the accident might not have happened. --- But we ________ at that time.
70.( 2010·湖南省长沙市一中高三上第二次月考) A. were covered B. have covered C. was covered D. has covered
Sixty miles ________ in a single night, so they were exhausted.
71.( 2010·黑龙江省哈三中高三上9月月考) A. forget B. had forgotten C. forgot D. was forgetting
---May I remind you that Mr. White is waiting outside, Mrs. Green ---Oh, I _________ all about it.
72.( 2010·嘉兴市高三基础测试) 情态动词 A. don’t have to B. oughtn’t to C. mustn’t D. shouldn’t
—What do you think we can do for our aged parents？—You__________do anything except that you visit them as often as possible.
73.( 2010·株洲二中高三第一次月考)
-----Is it good to look up every new word when I come across it in reading A. can’t B. mustn’t C. don’t have to D. shouldn’t
-----No. You _________because you are likely to guess the meaning from the context.
74.( 2010·温州市八校高三8月联考) A. may have B. needn’t have C. couldn’t have D. must have
—I did not know you were good friends. —You_________. I have known her since she moved here. You were abroad then.
75.( 2010·湖南省长沙市一中高三上第二次月考) A. may B. can C. shall D. must
---- Who’s the man giving the speech ---- Well, if you __________ know, his name is Lyric.
76.( 2010·黑龙江省哈三中高三上9月月考) A. mustn’t B. won’t C. don’t have to D. don’t need to
----Can I tell my best friend about it ----No. I don’t want anyone else to know. You _________ let it out.
77.( 2010·嘉兴市高三基础测试) 非谓语动词
It’s cold in here. We must have the fire__________day and night. A. burn B. burns C. burnt D. burning
78.( 2010·株洲二中高三第一次月考) A. not to B. couldn’t C. not do it D. do not to
The boy wanted to ride his bicycle in the street, but his mother told him _________.
79.( 2010·株洲二中高三第一次月考) The flowers his friend gave him will die unless________every day. A. watered B. watering C. water D. to water
80.( 2010·株洲二中高三第一次月考) A. located B. locating C. being located D. to be located
Zhuhou, _______ on the Xiang River, is an important city, second only to Changsha.
81.( 2010·天津市耀华中学高三暑假验收考试) A. filled B. to fill C. filling D. being filled
With so much work ________his head all day long，he feels rather stressed in his daily life．
82.( 2010·温州市八校高三8月联考) A. are completed B. have been completed
All the preparations for the work__________, we’re ready to start. C. completed D. had been completed
83.( 2010·温州市八校高三8月联考) A. looking B. looked C. to look D. having looked
“How can we go outing in this kind of weather!”! Bob said,__________out of the window.
84.( 2010·浙江省杭州高中高三上第一次月考) A. When compared B. Compared to C. To be compared D. Comparing
12.
__________its size with that of the whole earth, we find the highest mountain does not seem high at all.
85.( 2010·浙江省杭州高中高三上第一次月考) A. to say B. saying C. says D. having said
Whenever asked to help me with my lessons, he always refuses, __________ he is too busy.
86.( 2010·宁夏银川实验中学高三上第一次月考) A. held B. to held C. holding D. was holding
Finally she got too tired and fell asleep at the desk, her right hand still _________ a pen.
87.( 2010·宁夏银川实验中学高三上第一次月考) A. being a chance B. there being a chance
He never dreamt of _________for him to be sent abroad very soon. C. there to be a chance　 D. there’s a chance
88.( 2010·湖南省衡阳八中高三上第一次月考)
After the six-party talk in Beijing, an agreement was reached ________that North Korea would abandon _________nuclear weapons.
A. stating; to develop B. stating; developing C. to state; to develop D. states; developing
89.( 2010·湖南省衡阳八中高三上第一次月考) A. were B. having been C. being D. had been
All flights ___________called off because of the terrible weather, they had to go there by train.
90.( 2010·山东省兖州市高三上模块检测) A. being run B. run C. to run D. running
They use computers to keep the traffic____________smoothly．
91.( 2010·湖南省长沙市一中高三上第二次月考)
________ with the accident, he was forced to resign. A. Concerned B. Concerning C.Having concerned D. Be concerned
92.( 2010·湖南省长沙市一中高三上第二次月考) ________ since the night before, I felt very hungry.
A. Having eaten anything B. Not having eaten anything C. I hadn’t eaten anything D. Not eating anything
93.( 2010·黑龙江省哈三中高三上9月月考) He felt _________ when he found a stranger _________ about at the gate of the police station.
A. puzzling; hung B. puzzled; hung C. puzzling; hanging D. puzzled; hanging
94.( 2010· 山东省兖州市高三上模块检测) A. absorbing B. being absorbed in
I found him sitting in his chair，completely__________a magazine． C. absorbed in D. absorbing in
95.( 2010·株洲二中高三第一次月考) 定语从句 A. all of their homes B. all their homes
The villagers, ________had been damaged by the flood, were given help by the Red Cross. C. whose all homes D.all of whose homes
96.( 2010·天津市耀华中学高三暑假验收考试) A. when B. during which C. since then D. since when
The novel was completed in 1978, ____________the economic system has seen great changes．
97. (2010·天津市耀华中学高三暑假验收考试) A. that B. who C. to whom D. from whom
In the dark street，there wasn’t a single person___________she could turn for help．
98.( 2010·温州市八校高三8月联考) A. that B. when C. it D. which
Carol said the work would be done by October, _________ personally I doubt very much.
99.( 2010·浙江省杭州高中高三上第一次月考) A. the price of it B. which price C. its price D. the price of which
Recently I bought an ancient Chinese vase, ___________ was very reasonable.
100.( 2010·宁夏银川实验中学高三上第一次月考)
Can you give me a case ______this phrase can be used A. when B. that C. where D. which
101.( 2010·湖南省衡阳八中高三上第一次月考) A. which B. what C. that D. where
That so-called football fan doesn’t even know the main difference between the two football teams, ______ surprises all of the people at present.
102.( 2010·山东省兖州市高三上模块检测) A. which B. that C. when D. how
In a sports team each player has a clear role，and there are few occasions____________members are confused or uncertain of their roles．
103.( 2010·湖南省长沙市一中高三上第二次月考) A. when B. where C. what D. that
The process of curing a disease is like a war _________ different soldiers fight against an enemy.
104.( 2010·黑龙江省哈三中高三上9月月考) A. that B. how C. where D. which
---Where did you meet him ---It was in the hotel _________I was staying.
105.( 2010·黑龙江省哈三中高三上9月月考) A. why; for fear that B. for which; in case of C. how; for fear of D. that; in case
13.
---- Do you know the reason _______pilots turn off the plane’s lights before taking off ---The practice is for the passengers to adjust to the dark _______an emergency.
106.( 2010·株洲二中高三第一次月考) 状语从句 A. unless B. because C. though D. so
Parent should take seriously their children’s requests for sunglasses _________eye protection is necessary in sunny weather.
107.( 2010·天津市耀华中学高三暑假验收考试) A. how much may it cost B. it may cost
This is a very interesting book．I’ll buy it，__________． C. however much it may cost D. how may it cost
108.( 2010·浙江省杭州高中高三上第一次月考) A. while B. when C. since D. after
I had just stepped out of the bathroom __________ I heard the steps.
109.( 2010·浙江省杭州高中高三上第一次月考) A. which B. in which C. where D. there
The photo was taken _________ stood the famous Bird’s Nest in Beijing during the Olympics.
110.( 2010·宁夏银川实验中学高三上第一次月考) You should report any incident, _________serious or minor it is. A. what B. how C. whether D. however
111.( 2010·湖南省衡阳八中高三上第一次月考)
— That boy enjoys drawing very much. —__________, I have never seen anyone else who is as enthusiastic about drawing as he is.
A. As long as I have traveled B. Traveled so much as I have C. As I have traveled so much D. Much as I have traveled
112.( 2010·湖南省长沙市一中高三上第二次月考) A. To ask for his job B. In order to get his job
__________, a form must be filled in. C. Making request for his job D. If you want to get this job
113.( 2010·嘉兴市高三基础测试) 名词性从句 A.what B. that C. whether D. how
—Sir, can I pass the examinations this time？ —That depends on__________you work hard enough or not.
114.( 2010·浙江省杭州高中高三上第一次月考) A. which B. what C. that D. how
Today impressionist paintings are accepted as the beginning of _________we call “modern art”.
115.( 2010·湖南省衡阳八中高三上第一次月考) A. however B. no matter how C. whatever D. no matter what
—Mary, don’t you believe your sister —Yes. I believe _________ she says.
116.( 2010·湖南省长沙市一中高三上第二次月考)
A tunnel was built under ________was a lake a year ago. A. where B. which C. that D. what
117.( 2010·湖南省长沙市一中高三上第二次月考) A. That B. If C. What D. Whether
___________ they are closest friends is not clear though they live together.
118.( 2010·黑龙江省哈三中高三上9月月考) A. No matter; it is B. Whether; is it C. No matter; there is D. Whether; is there
______we sleep together or apart is one of the biggest cultural differences, and only in western societies _____the feeling that babies should sleep apart from their parents.
119.(2010·天津市耀华中学高三暑假验收考试) 虚拟语气
—Steve________come back because the window is open．—Yes, but he _________left it open last night．
A. must have；might have B. might have；can’t have C. can have；should have D. might；must have
120.( 2010·天津市耀华中学高三暑假验收考试) A. being there B. should there be C. there was D. there having been
It is likely that these animals could be frightened, ___________a sudden loud noise．
121.( 2010·温州市八校高三8月联考) A. was made B. be made C. will be made D. would be made
It is everybody’s desire that every effort___________to reduce the pollution in our city.
122.( 2010·浙江省杭州高中高三上第一次月考) It’s high time that Dalai Lama ________ playing politics. A. quit B. to be quit C. quited D. quitting
123.( 2010·浙江省杭州高中高三上第一次月考) Many women ________ a good salary, but they chose to stay at home for the family.
A. must make B. must have made C. should make D. could have made
124.(2010·宁夏银川实验中学高三上第一次月考) A. is　 B. was C. had been D. were
I wouldn’t marry Pat even if she _________ the last woman on earth.
125.( 2010·湖南省衡阳八中高三上第一次月考) A. stop; have B. stopped; had C. stop; should have D. stopped; have
It’s high time that we _________our work and __________ supper now.
126.( 2010·湖南省衡阳八中高三上第一次月考) A. took, would feel B. had taken, felt
14.
If you________the medicine, you________better now. C. had taken, would feel D. took, would have felt
127.( 2010·嘉兴市高三基础测试) 主谓一致 A. shows； have B. show； has C. are； has D. is； have
Each of the students in our class_________great interest in English and we each_________a copy of A New English-Chinese Dictionary.
128.(2010·黑龙江省哈三中高三上9月月考) A. Is B. Am C. Are D. Were
----_________ either he or I to host Talent Show in our school this year --- I have no idea, either.
129.( 2010·嘉兴市高三基础测试) 特殊句式
Lily，help me put up the picture on the wall, ________ A. will you B. don’t you C. are you D. didn’t you
130.( 2010·嘉兴市高三基础测试) A. you can B. can you C. do you D. you do
Only by reading more books_________improve your reading skills.
131.( 2010·嘉兴市高三基础测试)
Was it from the teacher_________you learned about this？ A. when B. where C. that D. which
132.( 2010·株洲二中高三第一次月考) A. I could imagine B. could I imagine
Never in my wildest dreams _________ these people are living in such poor conditions. C. I couldn’t imagine D. couldn’t I imagine
133.( 2010·株洲二中高三第一次月考) A. it was when B. it was that C. was it that D. was it when
I don’t remember how many years ago _________ I was taken to Beijing for the first time.
134.( 2010·温州市八校高三8月联考) A. I did find B. did I find C. I had found D. was I found
Not until I went through his paper ________ what rapid progress he had made in writing.
135.( 2010·温州市八校高三8月联考) A. How is it that B. How is that C. What is it that D. What is that
—_________ makes her different from the other students —Diligence, I think.
136.( 2010·温州市八校高三8月联考)
He had little idea that it was getting so serious, ________ A. didn’t he B. did he C. wasn’t it D. was it
137.( 2010·温州市八校高三8月联考) A. much of B. more like C. less of D. more or less
—Did you enjoy yourself at the party —Sorry to say I didn’t. It was_________ a meeting than a party.
138.( 2010·浙江省杭州高中高三上第一次月考) A. would I B. I would C. I will D. will I
I made up my mind that under no circumstances __________ agree to such a principle.
139.( 2010·浙江省杭州高中高三上第一次月考) A. Why was it that B. Why was that C. Why was that it C. Why was it
---- _________ he dropped out of school ----His family had run into financial difficulties.
140.( 2010·宁夏银川实验中学高三上第一次月考) A. the government cares B. does the government care
In no city of China ______little about the economic development. C. doesn’t the government care D. the government doesn’t care
141.( 2010·宁夏银川实验中学高三上第一次月考) A. until；didn’t begin B. not until; began
It was ________ the old worker came that we_________ the experiment. C. until; began D. not until; didn’t begin
142.( 2010·湖南省衡阳八中高三上第一次月考) A. What; in B. What; on C. It; in D. It; on
_________occurred to me that the murder happened _________ a rainy day.
143.( 2010·湖南省衡阳八中高三上第一次月考) A. you can B. people can C. can one D. can it
In no place other than Britain __________ experience four seasons in a single day.
144.( 2010·湖南省衡阳八中高三上第一次月考) A. it; that; where B. it; when; that C. it for; that it takes; that D. it; that it takes; which
Is ________48 hours _________ the man-made satellite __________ is made in our country to orbit the planet around
145.( 2010·黑龙江省哈三中高三上9月月考) A. No matter; it is B. Whether; is it C. No matter; there is D. Whether; is there
_________we sleep together or apart is one of the biggest cultural differences, and only in western societies _________ the feeling that
babies should sleep apart from their parents. 固定搭配
146.( 2010·天津市耀华中学高三暑假验收考试) A. Moreover B. In addition to C. As a result of D. Contributing to
Our enemy bills have been increasing steadily. ___________these costs，our telephone costs have doubled over the past six months．
147.( 2010·天津市耀华中学高三暑假验收考试) A. to be B. have been C. be D. to being
15.
I wouldn’t want to go back ___________an employee now that I have been self-employed．
148.( 2010·温州市八校高三8月联考) The days when he was_________his best is already a thing of the past. A. in B. on C.at D. with
149.( 2010·浙江省杭州高中高三上第一次月考)
There is no decision yet __________ when the work might start. A. due to B. as to C. in addition to D. owing to
150.( 2010·浙江省杭州高中高三上第一次月考) A. as B. of C. by D. in
To a small and faraway town like this, a car accident is always considered __________ interest, so people soon gathered around.
151.( 2010·宁夏银川实验中学高三上第一次月考) A. no doubt B. after all C. in that case D. in this way
—I am afraid the manager can’t see you until 5 o’clock. —Oh, _________ I won’t wait.
152.( 2010·山东省兖州市高三上模块检测) A. meaning B. trouble C. relation D. difference
—Shall he come today or tomorrow —Up to him．It makes no__________to me．
153.( 2010·山东省兖州市高三上模块检测) A. Apart from B. As good as C. In addition D. As well
___________being fun and good exercise, swimming is a very useful skill．
154.( 2010·湖南省长沙市一中高三上第二次月考) A. no; will China B. no; China will C. all; will China D. all; China will
China is a peace-loving country and under ________ circumstances _________ first use nuclear weapons.
155.( 2010·黑龙江省哈三中高三上9月月考) A. one B. that C. it D. a one
--- Sorry, honey. I’m afraid we are too busy to take a holiday at the present time. --- Could we take __________ two weeks from now
156.( 2010·黑龙江省哈三中高三上9月月考)
The Canadian dollar has fallen about 20 percent in value, making that dream ski vacation in Whistler Mountains __________than ever.
A. seems more within reach B. seem more within reach C. seems within more reach D. seem within more reach
157.( 2010·黑龙江省哈三中高三上9月月考)
--- Do you know the reason __________pilots turn off the plane’s lights before taking off A. why; for fear that B. for which; in case of
---The practice is for the passengers to adjust to the dark ___________ an emergency. C. how; for fear of D. that; in case
158.( 2010·嘉兴市高三基础测试) 情景交际 —I really like the modern digital camera you lent me last week. —____________.
—And thank you very much for letting me keep it so long. A. I’m glad you like it B. Don’t mention it
C. I hope you like it D. That’s all right
159.( 2010·天津市耀华中学高三暑假验收考试)
—I’ve passed the driving test! —______________. A. Well done! B. I am afraid not． C. That will do! D. I'm glad to．
160.( 2010·温州市八校高三8月联考) A. Don’t worry B. Don’t mention it C. Forget it D. No problem
—Can I take a week’s holiday, Sir —____________; we are too busy at present.
161.( 2010·浙江省杭州高中高三上第一次月考) A. It couldn’t be better B. Of course you can
----Shall I give you a ride as you live so far away ----Thank you. _________. C. If you like D. It’s up to you
162.( 2010·宁夏银川实验中学高三上第一次月考) A. None of your business B. It depends C. Why not　 D. I don’t think so
— Do you think I should join the singing group, Mary — ___________ .If I were in your shoes, I certainly would.
163.( 2010·湖南省衡阳八中高三上第一次月考) A. Absolutely B. Take it easy C. You are right D. Not really
—I’m so anxious about my driving test tomorrow. Would you please give me some advice —_______. I’m sure you are good enough to pass it. Be confident of yourself.
164.( 2010·山东省兖州市高三上模块检测) A. Made it B. Got it C. Understood it D. Remembered it
—Do remember to charge the battery 12 hours when you first use it．—____________.
165.( 2010·黑龙江省哈三中高三上9月月考) A. I guess not so B. I don’t guess C.I don’t guess so D. I guess not
---These girls are not doing fine at school, are they ---______________.
166.( 2010·黑龙江省哈三中高三上9月月考) A. Are you all right B. I don't think I am. C.You can't be serious. D. It doesn't matter.
---Sir, you are fined for speeding. Please sign here. ---Fined Speeding _________
167.( 2010·山东省兖州市高三上模块检测) __________and I’ll get the work finished．
A. One more hour B. Having one more hour C. Given one more hour D. If I have one more hour
16.
1. D。stand表示“保持某种状态”，后面接表示状态的形容词作表语，强调状态的延续。
2. B。turn意为“变成”“变得”。
3. A。此题应选择形容词作sounds的表语。
4. B。当表示永久性的或难以扭转的变化时，常用系动词go。
5. C。ran wild为固定短语，意思是“放荡不羁”。
6. C。smell意为“闻起来”， “有……的气味”，是系动词，后面常跟形容词作表语。
7. D。be like表示“看起来像”，可指外貌，也可指内在的品质或特征，但侧重于内在特征；look like侧重于表面特征的相像。
8. C。promise用作系动词，表示"有. . . . . 可能"，"有希望"。又如：This year promses a good harvest. 今年有丰收的希望。
9. B。appear意为“显得”。
10. C。become作系动词，表示“变成”，其后的单数可数名词前要加a或an.
11. C。remain表示“继续存在”、“仍然处于某种状态”时，为系动词，后跟形容词、介词短语、-ing形式或过去分词。
12. B。turn作为系动词时，其后接名词，前不加不定冠词，参见注35。
13. C。sound,look,seem,feel作系动词时，后可接like引导的介词短语。
14. A。appear,seem,look都可以表示“看起来”，appear强调外表给人的印象，有时含有实质上并非如此的含义；seem则暗示判断有一定根据，而且这种判断往往接近于事实；look强调由视觉得出的印象。
15. B。come true是固定搭配，表示“变为现实”。其中come是系动词，表示“成为”，“变得”。
16. A。prove为系动词，意思是“被证明是”，其后跟“（to be） ＋形容词﹑名词等”作表语。
17. C。get为系动词，此句意为“天在逐渐变黑。”
18. B。taste为系动词，意为“尝起来”，后面跟形容词作表语。
19. B。feel为系动词，意为“摸起来”。
20. D。fall asleep为固定短语，意为“睡着”。
21. B。as if引导的从句经常使用虚拟语气。
22. D。It seems that表示“看起来……”，强调根据一定的事实所得出的一种接近于实际情况的判断。
23. D。What does sb. ／sth. look like 是一个用来询问外部特征的固定句型。
24. A。go red with中的go是系动词，意思是“变为”。常常表示“由好变坏”、“由正常变为不正常”的变化。如：go bad (变坏)，go wrong (出毛病)等。此题中的went还可用turned。
25. B。stay表示“继续处于某种状态”，其后跟形容词。
26. 首先排除B项，change后不能跟形容词；appear“看起来好像”，往往表示一种假象；get“变得”；go“变成”，常跟bad,mad,crazy,hungry,cold等词。
27. 【分析】此题容易误选A，想当然地认为 look 和 feel 均为连系动词，所以其后接形容词作表语。其实，句中的 look 并不是连系动词，而是实义动词 ( http: / / www. / " \o " ) (注意其后的介词 at)，所以正确答案应是 D。
28. 这是1995年一道上海高考题，此题最佳答案为D。第一个 smell 为实义动词，意为“闻气味”、“嗅觉”，smell badly 意为“嗅觉差”；第二个 smell 为连系动词，意为“闻起来(有某种气味)”，smell bad 意为“闻起来气味难闻”。全句意为“我们并不介意一条猎狗的嗅觉不好，但我们的确不希望它的气味难闻”
29. 此题应选D。句中的 go，come 都是连系动词，两者在用法上应注意：
30. 此题应选 C。这里要分清look用作实义动词和连系动词的两种不同用法。从句意和结构上看：a句中的look 是连系动词(句意为：他看起来很伤心)，所以此句用形容词sad作表语。b句中的look是实义动词(句意为：他伤心地看着他的破汽车; 另外句子中的介词at也给我们一定的提示)，所以此句用副词sadly作状语。
31. C 32. C 33. D 34. 此题应选D。该题很容易误选A。
35.【分析】