人教版（2019）选择性必修第一册Unit 5 Working the land Words and expressions 单词短语详解课件（36张PPT）

(共36张PPT)
Unit 5 Working the land
Words and Expressions
1、devote vt. 把…献(给);把…专用于; 专心于
①devote A to B 　　　　把A用于/献身B;为B付出A
②devote oneself to (doing) sth. 致力/献身/专心于
③be devoted to (doing) sth. 致力/献身/专心于
devoted adj.深爱的；忠诚的
devotion n. 奉献; 忠诚; 专心
1) The band's latest album is very poor, although _______ (devote) fans might enjoy it.
2) Her _________ (devote) to the job left her with very little free time.
3) _________ (devote) to scientific research wholeheartedly, he spends little time with his family.
4) He continued to work there for almost 50 years, __________ (devote) his life to his research work.
5) The scientist devoted most of his lifetime to ___________(observe) the behavior of the chimps.
devoted
devotion
Devoted
devoting
observing
2. shortage n. [C&U]不足; 缺少; 短缺
a shortage of…
…的缺乏
be short of…
缺乏…
be short for…
是…的简称
in short
总之；简而言之
shortly after
不久之后
shorten vt. 缩短；减少
3. yield n. [C]产量; 产出
vt. 出产(作物); 产生(收益、效益等)
vi. 屈服; 让步
1)His investments yielded good returns.
2)The soldiers had to yield.
3)提高产量boost yields
4)结出硕果yield fruits
同义词：give way to... 让步/屈服; 让路
give in 让步/屈服
4. tackle vt.解决(难题)/应付(局面)/处理
与...商谈/交涉
1)She has spent a lot of time scratching her head about how to tackle the difficult math problem.
crisis [ kra s s] n.[C] 危机;危急关头
crises [ kra si:z] 复数
1)解决政治/经济危机 tackle a political/economic crisis
2)The financial crisis left many people unemployed, which couldn't be tackled by economic experts.
1)In the last forty years the Chinese government has made great contributions to tackling poverty in China.
2)There are four different ways to tackle the problem.
3)However, what concerned him most was that farmers often had poor harvests and sometimes even had a serious shortage of food to eat. To tackle this crisis, he chose to study agriculture and received an education at Southwest Agricultural College in Chongqing.
5.convince vt.使信服；使确信；说服
convince sb. of sth. 使某人确信/明白某事
convince sb. that... 使某人相信……
convince sb. to do sth. 说服某人做某事
convincing adj.令人信服的
convinced adj.确信的；坚信的
be convinced (that)/of...(某人)坚信……
1) Influenced by advertisement, it's very easy for customers _______________ (convince) to buy what they don't want.
2) This is the most ____________ (convince) evidence that I can find to prove my point.
3) ____________ (convince) of the truth of the report, he told his colleagues about it .
4) 我们一直在试图说服他放弃那个计划。
We've been trying__________________________________．
to be convinced
convincing
Convinced
to convince him to give up the plan
6. assumption n.[C]假定/设定; (责任的)承担
assume that…
把某人/某物假象为/认为是…
assume sb./sth. to be…
假设/假定…
It is assumed that…
人们认为…
on the assumption that…
假设/假定…
assuming (that)
conj. = if
make an assumption 作假设；认为
①Don't ________ that you are a princess and stop living in ________________ any more. (assume)
②________ is generally assumed that stress is caused by too much work.
③With the rapid development of the economy, China is assuming _ greater role in the protection of the environment.
④We are working on the plan ________ the assumption that everyone invited will turn up.
assume　
assumptions　
It　
a　
on
7. characteristic: n. 特征; 特点; 品质
adj. 典型的; 独特的
be characteristic of … 具有…的特征
character : n. 特性; 特点; 特色
(1) This plant has its own characteristic smell.
这种植物有它自己独特的气味。
(2) Honesty is the most important characteristic in/of a person.
诚实是一个人最重要的品质。
8. attain vt. (通常经过努力)获得;得到
attainment n. 达到，获得
attainable adj.可达到的，可实现的
1)Our economy has attained a very high rate of growth in spite of the pandemic.
2)He will attain 105 next month. The great family is now preparing a big party in their village.
3) A hybrid is a cross between two or more varieties of a species. One characteristic of hybrid is that they usually attain a higher yield than conventional crops.
9. overcome(overcame -- overcome): vt. to succeed in doing sth. or to defeat 克服; 解决; 战胜
1)The two parties managed to overcome their differences on the issue.
2)In games of table-tennis China easily overcome its opponents.
3)Through intense effort, Yuan overcame enormous technical difficulties to develop the first hybrid rice that could be used for farming in 1974.
10. expand vt.& vi.使变大；伸展
expand...into... 把……扩展/发展成……
expand into... 发展成/扩大成……
expand on/upon sth. 细说(阐述)某事
expansion n.扩大；扩张；扩展
(1)The narrow path in the village expanded into a wide road.
村里的狭窄小路拓宽成了一条大道。
(2)A few years later，the writer his short novel a long one.
几年以后，那位作家把他的短篇小说扩展成了长篇小说。
(3)He did not expand greatly his statement.
他未就他的声明多加解释。
(4)The book is an (expand) of a series of lectures given last year.
expanded
into
on/upon
expansion
1) The teacher expanded _______ the uses of the English subjunctive mood in his last lecture.
2) He hopes the trip will take place every year and expand ______ neighbouring countries.
3) Over the years public library services ________________(expand).
4) The airport _________________(expand) now will be stocked with the most advanced equipment.
5) Given the necessary investment, this region is perfect for economic ___________(expand).
on
to
have expanded
being expanded
expansion
11. output n. 产量; 输出; 输出量 vt. 输出
input n. 输入; 投入 v. 输入
Output will increase by 10% next year.
Computers can output data more quickly now.
12. estimate: vt./n. to evaluate or assess 估计; 估价; 估算
1)It is hard to estimate how many children will take part in the activity.
2)It is estimated the project will last five years.
3)It’s very difficult to give a reliable estimate.
13. consume: v. to use or eat, drink or destroy 消耗; 吃; 饮; 喝; 烧毁
consumer: n. 消费者，顾客 (CPI: consumer price index)
consumption: n. 消耗; 消耗量; 消费
1)The electricity industry consumes large amounts of fossil fuels.
2)The hotel was quickly consumed by fire.
3)Gas and oil consumption always increases in winter.
14. be comprised of 包括,包含,由…组成
1. The study group is comprised of six students.
学习小组由六名学生组成。
2. The committee is comprised of representatives
from both the public.
委员会由来自社会各界的代表。
15. leisure: n . 闲暇; 休闲; 空闲
at leisure: 闲散; 悠闲; 不慌不忙; 从容
at one’s leisure: 有空时; 空闲时; 方便时
The busy employee enjoys his leisure time on the weekends.
这个忙碌的雇员在周末享受他的休闲时间。
16. reality n. 现实; 实际情况; 事实
become a reality 　　　　 变成现实
in reality 事实上; 实际上
real adj. 真的; 真实的→really adv. 真正地;
realistic adj. 现实的; 实事求是的
单句语法填空
①When the ______(real) was destroyed, the legend had freedom to expand.
② His plans were transformed overnight ____ reality.
③There is the point that the wealth that most people seem to be enjoying is not theirs ____ reality.
reality
into
in
17. in turn 相应地; 转而; 依次; 轮流
in one's turn　　　轮到某人；接着
by turns 轮流；依次
take turns doing/to do... 轮流做……
It is one's turn to do sth. 轮到某人干某事
in return 作为回报
①It is our responsibility to take care of our sick mother ________ turns.
②When it was his turn ____________ (deliver) his speech，he walked towards the platform，nervous and embarrassed.
③He spends too much time on maths，and this ________ turn affects the progress of the other subjects.
④At the meeting they took turns ________ (put) forward a number of suggestions aiming to promote the reform of education system.
⑤When it was ________ my turn，I was too excited to speak.
by　
to deliver
in　
to put
in
18. essential: adj. extremely important or crucial, vital完全必要的; 极其重要的
essence: n. 本质，精华，要素
1)Experience is essential for this job.
2)It is essential that you have some work experience.
3)As for chemical fertilisers, crops grown with them usually grow too fast to be rich in nutrition. They may look beautiful on the outside, but inside there is usually more water than essential minerals, and they often have less flavour as well.
19. alternative: n. option or choice 可供选择的事物
adj. used instead of or being not traditional 可供替代的; 非传统的
alter: v. 改变
alternate: v. 交替(alternate A and/with B)
1)We have no alternative but to fire David.
2)You can pay in cash or by check. Those are the two alternatives.
3) Our country focuses on developing alternative energy in order to reduce using fossil fuels.
.
20. instance n. 例子, 实例, 事例
(2019·天津高考)Most food webs, for instance, consist of many weak links rather than a few strong ones.
例如, 大多数食物网由许多薄弱链接组成, 而不是几个强有力的链接。
for instance 例如
in the first instance 第一, 首先
①There are a number of improvements, _____instance, both mouse buttons can now be used.
②____ most instances, there will be no need for further treatment.
(2) _________________, we had better make sure the calculations are correct.
首先,我们最好保证计算是正确的。
for
In
In the first instance
21. depth n. 向下(或向里)的距离, 深(度)
(1)in depth 　　 完全地, 深入地
(2)deep adj. 深的 adv. 深深地
(3)deeply adv. 深深地, 强烈地
(4)deepen v. (使)变深, (使)加深
①There isn’t time to dig ______ (deep) and put in manure or compost.
②If you _______ (deep) your knowledge or understanding of a subject, you will learn more about it and become more interested in it.
(2) ___________________________, many things I did with my father still live.
在我记忆深处, 我与父亲一起做过的很多事仍然存在。
(3)This subject will be covered __________next term.
这个话题将在下学期深入讨论。
deeply
deepen
In the depths of my memory
in depth
1.I found his speech (convince) and admired him for his eloquence(能言善辩).
2.My calculations were based on the (assume) that house prices would remain steady.
3. (devote) to his scientific work，he has no time to care for his family affairs，which his wife always complains about.
4.He became that country’s ruler both in name and reality.
5.More women are (attain) positions of power in public
convincing
assumption
Devoted
in
attaining
life.
6. starts as fun usage of apps turns into tremendous(巨大的) pressure in real social media interaction.
7.At least 500 people were killed，and that’s conservative(保守的) estimate.
8.Our school managed to take in more students without
(expand) the size of the schools.
What
a
expanding
Thank you