牛津译林版（2019）必修第三册Unit 1 Nature in the balance词组归纳课件（40张ppt）

(共40张PPT)
译林牛津英语单元词组归纳
必修三
Unit 1 Nature in the balance
1. on account of 由于；因为；为了……的缘故（P1）
2. take revenge on/upon 对……实施报复（P1）
【语境助记】
Let us not, however, flatter ourselves overmuch on account of our human victories over nature. For each such victory nature takes its revenge on us.
—Friedrich Engels
Chinese fruits are very popular in the market on account of their superior quality and competitive price.
We expect strong results on account of high commodity prices and stable production during the period.
The man swore to take (his) revenge on his political enemies.
The attackers were said to be taking revenge on the 14-year-old, claiming he was a school bully.
3. do harm (to) 伤害；有害处；不利（P1）
4. pollute soils and seas 污染土壤和海洋（P1）
5. cut down 砍到；削减；缩短；减少（P1）
【语境助记】
The human race has done much harm.
We have polluted our soils and seas,
And cut down too many trees.
Now is the time to sound the alarm.
It goes without saying that work without rest will do harm to health.
We just decided to take away these dangerous toys so that Julian could not do harm to anyone else.
Elephants are losing their homes because people cut down too many trees.
For example, why do poor humans in places like Africa and Latin America cut down forests
6. be thankful for 感谢；对……感激（P1）
7. work together to find the solution 共同努力寻求办法（P1）
【语境助记】
Let’s be thankful for the skies above;
Let’s plant new trees and stop pollution;
Let’s work together to find the solution;
The Earth’s our home to protect and love.
Take a minute to be thankful for your food before you sit down to eat.
When we regularly take time to be thankful for the things we have, we appreciate them more.
8. be full of natural wonders 充满自然奇迹（P2）
9. be home to a wide range of wildlife 多种野生动植物的家园（P2）
【语境助记】
The world we live in is full of natural wonders. The documentary script below describes the Amazon rainforest, which is home to a wide range of wildlife.
Each level of the forest forms its own little world, home to different kinds of living things.（P3）
The Amazon rainforest is home to a great (1) variety of plant life; however, its soil is surprisingly poor in nutrients.（P5）
10. judge from/by 从……看；根据……判断（P2）
【语境助记】
What do you think this script is about judging from the title and pictures
11. a (huge) sea of 庞大的；巨大的（P2）
【语境助记】
Welcome to the jungle, a huge sea of green alive with the sounds of animals. This is the Amazon rainforest.
There was a sea of faces on every scenic spot in China during Spring Festival.
To see from the top of the tower, the foot of the mountain is a sea of trees.
12. play a significant role in 起着重要的作用（P2）
13. maintain the (fine) balance of 保持平衡（P2）
【语境助记】
As the largest rainforest in the world, it plays a significant role in maintaining the fine balance of the Earth’s ecosystem.
Positive affects（积极的情感）play a significant role in language teaching and learning.
It is still too early to predict the extent of the impact they may have, but all the signs are that they will play a significant role in the future.
Mankind have been trying every means to maintain the balance of nature.
In conclusion, we should limit the overuse of the natural resources and protect our living environment in order to maintain the balance of environment.
14. get a name from 从……得到名字（P2）
15. be close to 接近于……（P2）
16. in length 长度（P2）
【语境助记】
The Amazon River, from which the rainforest gets its name, is close to 6,400 kilometres in length—roughly 100 kilometres longer than the Yangtze River.
17. a variety of wildlife 多种多样的野生动植物（P3）
18. at the bottom 在底部（P3）
19. the mass of leaf litter 大量的落叶层（P3）
【语境助记】
The forest’s different levels support an unbelievable variety of wildlife. At the bottom, there is a system of roots beneath the ground. Above that is the mass of leaf litter on the dark forest floor.
The company owns a variety of global businesses that include food, logistics（物流）and flavoring products.
20. be made up of 由……组成（P20）
【语境助记】
The next level is made up of shorter plants with large leaves.
I always think that a great conversation should be made up of equal sharing by both parties.
21. feed on 以……为食（P3）
22. in turn 相应地,转而 (P3)
【语境助记】
They (Jaguars) feed on at least 87 species, including frogs. These frogs, in turn, feed on insects which eat leaves and fruit.
Birds feed on nuts and berries in the winter.
Some animals feed on plants, while others feed on these herbivores（食草动物）.
Increased production will, in turn, lead to increased profits.
The pressure for quick results leads to product failure, which, in turn, arouses doubts about the applicability of AI technology to agriculture.
23. an army of microorganisms 大批微生物（P3）
24. break down 使分解(为), 使变化(成) (P3)
25. return…to…返回；回到（P3）
【语境助记】
When a jaguar dies, a tiny army of microorganisms helps break down its body and return the nutrients to the earth.
Apple will compete with an army of Androids for the consumer market.
Over time, the protein in the eggshell breaks down into its constituent amino acids（氨基酸）.
The analysis shows that plastics, particularly those that break down fast, are contributing to the climate change.
26. breathe life into 给······带来起色，注入活力 (P3)
【语境助记】
The Amazon rainforest breathes life into the planet by fixing carbon and producing over 20 per cent of all the Earth’s oxygen.
So smile, gesture once in a while, show some energy and breathe life into the interview experience.
Plants and fresh flowers can breathe life into your home - actually imparting（排放）oxygen into the air - and remind you of gentler days.
27. be known as “the lungs of the planet” 被称为地球之肺（P3）
28. be used for food or medicine被用于事物或药物（P3）
【语境助记】
Thus, it is often known as the “lungs of the planet”. Moreover, the Amazon rainforest is a treasure house of species that can be used for food or medicine.
29. over the past 50 years 在过去的50年里（P3）
30. due to 由于；应归于（P3）
【语境助记】
Over the past 50 years, about 17 per cent of the rainforest has disappeared due to human activities such as agriculture and cattle farming.
31. the impact of human activities 人类活动的影响（P3）
32. the list of species in danger of extinction 濒临灭绝的物种清单（P3）
33. leave sb with a question 留给某人一个问题（P3）
34. afford to do sthg 能够去做；负担的起（P3）
【语境助记】
As the impact of human activities continues to grow and the list of species in danger of extinction becomes longer, we are left with a question: can we afford to damage the “lungs of the planet”
In 1911 the society announced that its conservation work had succeeded and buffalo were no longer in danger of extinction.
We cannot afford to ignore this warning.
It is not something we can afford to do on a daily basis, and there aren't too many organic farms around here.
We cannot afford to do everything nor can we afford to lack boldness（大胆）as we meet the future.
35. be poor in 贫乏；在……方面差（P5）
36. for one thing,… for another thing,…一方面……，另一方面……（P5）
37. have an impact on the soil 对土壤有影响（P5）
38. rise to more than 12 metres 超过12米（P5）
39. go away 离开；离去；走开（P5）
40. take away 带走；拿走；取走（P5）
41. build up 逐渐增加，扩大(P5)
【语境助记】
Then why is the soil so poor in nutrients For one thing, the rainy season has a(n) (4) impact on the soil. In the rainy season, the water level can rise to more than 12 metres. When the water goes away, it takes away the nutrients in the soil. For another thing, (5) due to the Amazon’s hot climate, it is difficult for the soil to build up enough nutrients.
It is known that Japan is a country poor in natural resources
When I was in junior school, I used to be poor in expressing myself clearly.
There is only one thing that people can't take away from you, and that is your wisdom!
Self-driving cars and trucks controlled by AI will also take away the drivers' jobs in the future.
It would take many decades to build up the level of education and sophistication（先进）required.
42. take in 吸收；领会；接受（P5）
43. beneath the ground 在土层下面（P5）
44. as a result 因此；结果是（P5）
45. be locked up in the plants 储存在植物里（P5）
46. allow them (the plants) to grow at an unbelievable speed 以惊人的速度生长（P5）
【语境助记】
Dead plants and animals (6) break down more quickly. The nutrients are soon taken in by the roots of the plants deep (7) beneath the ground. As a result, most of the forest’s nutrients are locked up in the plants themselves, (8) thus allowing them to grow at an unbelievable speed
The rotten leaves take in rain and allow it to flow into the soil instead of running off.
The more fat you take in before bedtime, the greater burden you will have on your body at night.
pare…with…比较；与……相比较（P5）
【语境助记】
The documentary script compares the size of the Amazon rainforest with that of China, and the length of the Amazon River with that of the Yangtze River.
We carefully compared the first report with the second.
Managers analyse their company's data and compare it with data on their competitors.
48. too (adj./adv.) to…太……而不能……（P5）
49. make comparisons with 和……比较（P5）
50. gain a better understanding (of) 获得更好的了解（P5）
【语境助记】
While the reader may find a large figure too abstract to understand, making comparisons with familiar places or objects will help them gain a better understanding.
The boy is far too young to go on his own.
51. talk about a documentary on environmental protection 谈论有关环保的纪录片（P6）
52. pay attention to the underlined sentences 注意划线句子（P6）
53. write down the words 写下单词（P6）
54. leave out/be left out 省去；遗漏（P6）
【语境助记】
Jack and Henry are talking about a documentary on environmental protection. Pay attention to the underlined sentences and write down the words that have been left out in the brackets below.
Incorrect choices change the meaning in important ways or leave out essential information.
e up with 想出，想到（P6）
56. call for (公开)要求；需要（P6）
All of them come up with creative ideas on how to solve these problems. (4) Some call for the application of modern technology, and others a change of lifestyle.
What ways do you come up with on protecting animals （P10）
When you write an article to call for the protection of animals, you can follow the structure below. (P10)
What's more, we can come up with our own ideas and learn more through discussion.
That means students are asked to use their individual experience to come up with answers to general questions.
It's a situation that calls for a blend of delicacy and force（刚柔并济）.
The importance of the product life cycle to marketers（营销人员）is this: different stages in the product life cycle call for different strategies.
57. share with sb sthg/share sthg with sb 和某人分享某事（P7）
58. take part in (a forest clean-up activity) 参与/参加(树林清理活动)（P7）
【语境助记】
Jack is sharing with his classmates his experience of taking part in a forest clean-up activity.
Everyone who takes part in the activity will receive a medal.
Would you like to share your experience with the rest of the group
You can find out whether they are prepared to share the cost of the flowers with you.
At first I didn’t want to take part in the forest clean-up activity, but then I thought, “What if nobody goes ”
59. at the entrance to 在入口处（P7）
60. stop people from doing 阻止某人做某事（P7）
【语境助记】
There was a “No littering is allowed here” sign at the entrance to the forest, but that didn’t stop people from throwing their rubbish on the ground.
A wooden vase from the Ming Dynasty at the entrance of the reception hall amazed everyone.
There's nothing to stop you from accepting the offer.
The UN will have to work hard to stop history from repeating itself.
61. divide …into…把……分成/分为……（P7）
62. clean up 清理；打扫干净（P7）
【语境助记】
Joe divided us into two groups: one group cleaned up the north side of the forest, and the other group cleaned up the south side of the forest.
The physical benefits of exercise can be divided into three factors.
Under pressure from the public, many regional governments cleaned up their beaches.
Many scientists are also suggesting different ways to clean up space junk（太空垃圾）.
63. sign up (for) 报名参加（P7）
64. be willing to do sthg 愿意做某事（P7）
【语境助记】
There’ll be another clean-up activity in the green belt next Saturday. You can find Joe and sign up if you’re willing to help.
Participation is limited to 20 to 25 people and you can sign up on the Facebook page.
I'd like to sign up for some voluntary work with the environment council.
Everyone has to be willing to do their part to solve this problem, and everyone has to work together to turn this pattern around.
65. think of 记起；想起；想到（P8）
66. spring to mind 突然记起(或想到) (P8)
【语境助记】
When you think of a fearsome hunter, images of lions and sharks may spring to mind.
Never mind, said the leaders, we'll think of some way of making up the money.
But this year, the men can think of something besides painful memories of war.
Many images spring to mind at the mention of Portugal—port, fado, copper, charming villages and friendly people.
Integrity（诚信）and honesty are words that spring to mind when talking of the man.
67. in fact 事实上；实际上（P8）
68. have the greatest impact on animal populations 对动物种群影响最大（P8）
69. bring…close to extinction 导致……接近灭绝（P8）
【语境助记】
Recent research by environmental scientists, however, shows that in fact, humans are the most fearsome hunters who have the greatest impact on animal populations. Human activities have brought many animals close to extinction.
70. in the last 500 years 在过去的500年里（P8）
71. go extinct 灭绝；消亡；绝种（P8）
【语境助记】
In the last 500 years, over 300 species of animals have gone extinct. Some activities, such as hunting and fishing, directly harm animals, while other activities, such as development in towns and cities, impact indirectly on animal populations.
As human beings, we should be ensuring that we don't cause other species to go extinct.
Scientists say that more than seventy-four different kinds of living things go extinct every day!
72. put…in danger 让……处于危险之中（P8）
73. have a deep and damaging influence 有深远和破坏性的影响（P8）
【语境助记】
We can also put animals in danger without ever entering their habitats. Air, water, noise and light pollution can all have a deep and damaging influence quite far from their source.
Unluckily, many people don't care about this climate warming and put themselves in danger.
A recent study said that 40% of American teens claim to have been in a car when the driver used a cell phone in a way that put people in danger.
74. make a strong impact on/upon 对……有巨大影响（P10）
【语境助记】
You can also use powerful and emotive words and phrases to make a strong impact on the reader.
75. get rid of 摆脱,丢弃,扔掉 (P11)
【语境助记】
The smog in the air has coloured the sky a smoky grey; it’s also given me a cough that I can’t get rid of.
When a virus attacks your body, your body works hard to get rid of it.
Practicing yoga is a good way for you to get rid of your stress and worries and find some inner peace.
76. tend to do sthg 倾向做某事（P11）
77. connect…with…把…..和……联系（P11）
78. be eager to do sthg 渴望做某事（P11）
79. make a profit/make huge profits 获利；赚钱（P11）
【语境助记】
People tend to connect factories with pictures of clouds of dirty smoke and irresponsible businessmen eager to make huge profits.
80. in defence of 保护；为……辩护（P11）
81. point out 指出，指明（P11）
82. control the amount of pollution 控制污染总量（P11）
【语境助记】
In defence of the factories, however, I’d like to point out that we also try to control the amount of
pollution we produce.
What points can be raised in defence of this argument
These two disliked each other so much that it was difficult for them to come to any agreement, even in defence of their own interests.
83. speak for 代表……讲话；要求得到（P11）
84. be deeply concerned about the environment非常关注环境（P11）
【语境助记 】
I think I speak for all factory managers when I say we’re deeply concerned about the environment.
Nature now seemed able to speak for itself, with a minimum of interference.
By contrast, there is a clear reason to be concerned about the use of cloning in animal breeding.
85. take various measures to reduce pollution 采取不同的措施减少污染（P11-12）
86. including the use of new technology包括使用新技术（P11-12）
87. in the production process 在生产过程中（P11-12）
88. raise the production costs 提高生产成本（P11-12）
【语境助记】
We’ve been taking various measures, including the use of new technologies, to reduce pollution in the production process, even though these measures raise our production costs.
89. draw one’s attention to 引起某人的关注（P12）
90. bring economic benefits to 给……带来经济利益（P12）
【语境助记】
I’d also like to draw your attention to the economic benefits factories have brought to Norgate. We’ve created many jobs for local residents and helped the city’s economy grow.
91. on the rise 在增加；在上涨（P12）
92. search for ways to fight the problem 寻求方法解决问题（P12）
【语境助记】
Thank you, Mr Brown. With pollution levels on the rise, the Norgate Environmental Protection Committee is searching for ways to fight the problem.
With his marketing appeal on the rise, that figure is about to go much higher.
Mobile internet users are growing much faster than expected, and mobile pricing is on the rise.
92. play a major role in (doing) 起着关键的作用（P12）
93. maintain air and water quality 保证空气和水的质量（P12）
94. achieve a balance between…获得平衡（P12）
【语境助记】
Well, our committee has a major role to play in maintaining air and water quality. We have to achieve a balance between environmental protection and economic development.
95. save our planet 保护我们的星球（P12）
96. lift people out of poverty 帮助人们摆脱贫困（P12）
97. advance economic growth 加快经济增长（P12）
【语境助记】
A former UN official once said, “Saving our planet, lifting people out of poverty, advancing economic growth ... these are one and the same fight.”
It is impossible for Americans to lift themselves out of poverty entirely on their own.
That growth, in turn, is likely to lift more people out of poverty than the West's faltering（低效的）aid schemes.
98. do harm to 对……有害（P13）
99. have a long-lasting effect on 有长久的影响（P13）
100. give rise to 使发生(或存在) (P13)
【语境助记】
Polluted water bodies not only do harm to animals and plants; they also have a long-lasting effect on humans. For example, in many parts of the world, the poor quality of the local drinking water gives rise to public health problems.
Low levels of choline（胆碱）in the body can give rise to high blood pressure.
At a recent seminar, many participants were worried about the fact that overpopulation may give rise to many social security problems.
In fact, various emotional states give rise to certain patterns of electrical activity in the facial muscles and in the brain.
101. prevent further damage to water bodies 阻止对水体的进一步破坏（P13）
102. it is necessary to take some measures 有必要采取一些措施（P13）
103. draw public attention to the problem 引起公众对问题的关注（P13）
104. pass more strict laws to do sthg 制定更严格的法律（P13）
105. volunteer to take part in clean-up activities志愿参加清洁行动（P13）
【语境助记】
To prevent further damage to water bodies, it is necessary to take some measures. First, we must draw public attention to the problem. Second, more strict laws should be passed to help reduce water pollution. Third, we can volunteer to take part in clean-up activities.