备战2023中考英语语法专题训练：被动语态 精讲精练(通用版 含答案)

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备战2023届中考英语语法专题训练(通用版*含答案)
被动语态 精讲精练 100题
Part I 知识精讲
一、语态概述
英语的语态是通过动词形式的变化表现出来的。英语中有两种语态：主动语态和被动语态。
主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者，被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者。如：
例如：Many people speak English.
English is spoken by many people. 主语English是动词speak的承受者。
例如：He opened the door. 他开了门。
The door was opened. 门被开了。
二、被动语态的构成
被动语态由“助动词be＋及物动词的过去分词”构成。人称、数和时态的变化是通过be的变化表现出来的。
时态和语态的结合是中考的必考点,尤其是一般现在时、一般过去时、一般将来时、现在完成时的被动语态以及含情态动词的被动语态。
一般现在时 am/is/are＋done The classroom is cleaned by us every day.
一般过去时 was/were＋done The task was completed by us yesterday.
一般将来时 shall(第一人称)/will+be+done am / is / are + going to be +done Trees will be planted by them tomorrow. Your watch is going to be mended in an hour.
现在完成时 has/have been +done The work has been finished by Jim.
含有情态动词 的被动语态 情态动词+be +done Your homework must be handed in this afternoon．
现在进行时 am/is/are+being done The bridge is being built now.
过去进行时 was/were+being done Trees were being planted here this time last year.
过去完成时 had been done By the end of last year, another new gymnasium had been completed in Beijing.
二、常用被动语态的情况
1.不知道动作的执行者是谁。
This watch is made in China.这块手表是中国制造的。
2.没有必要指出动作的执行者是谁。
Many trees must be planted every year.每年必须种许多树。
3.需要强调或突出动作的承受者。可用“介词by＋动词执行者(宾格)”这一结构.
Chinese is spoken by more and more people in the world.世界上越来越多的人说汉语。(强调汉语的广泛使用)
三．主动语态变成被动语态
主动句： 动作的执行者（主语） + 谓语动词 + 动作的承受者（宾语）+其他
We planted many trees last week.
Many trees were planted by us last week.
被动句：动作的承受者（主语）+ be + 动词的过去分词 + by + 动作的执行者+其他
注意： (1) 有时 by短语可以省略。
（2）主动句的时态是由谓语动词来体现的，而被动句的时态是由be动词来体现的。
被动语态的几种句型
肯定句：主语+be+及物动词的过去分词+（by）
eg: My phone was made in China.
否定句：主语+be not+过去分词+（by）
eg: My phone wasn’t made in China.
一般疑问句：Be+主语+过去分词+（by）？
eg: Was your phone made in China
特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词+be+主语+过去分词+（by）
eg: Where was your phone made
特别注意：
（1）主动语态中有些感官动词（如：hear, see, watch, notice等）后用不带to的不定式作宾语补足语，变为被动语态时，要把不定式符号to还原，即：hear(see) sb. do sth.→sb. be heard(seen) to do sth.。
We often hear the girl sing in her room in the evening.
→The girl is often heard to sing in her room in the evening by us.
晚上我们经常听到那个女孩在她的房间里唱歌。
主动语态中有些使役动词（如：make, let等）后用不带to的不定式作宾语补足语，变为被动语态时，同样要把不定式符号to还原，即：make sb. do sth.→sb. be made to do sth.。
Mom makes me clean the house every day.
→ I am made to clean the house by mom every day.
由动词+ 介词或副词构成的短语动词，要把它们作为整体看，即把它们看成一个及物动词，介词或副词不可拆开或漏掉。
She will take good care of the children．（变被动语态）
→The children will be taken care of（by her）．
含有双宾语的主动句变被动句时，①将间接宾语变为主语，直接宾语保持不变；②将直接宾语变为主语，间接宾语用介词to或for引导。
My uncle gave me a present on my birthday.
→I was given a present on my birthday.
→A present was given to me yesterday.
注意：1.一般在下列动词后，常在间接宾语前用介词 to，如：bring, give, hand, lend, offer, pass, pay, promise, sell, show, take, teach, tell 等。
如：The book was showed to the class.
一般在下列动词后，间接宾语前用介词 for, 如：build, buy, cook, cut, choose, do, fetch, find, fix, get, keep, make, order, paint, play, sing 等。
如：A new skirt was made for me.
Some country music was played for us.
(5)表示客观的说明常用“It is＋过去分词＋ that从句”句型 . 这类句型有 :
It is said that．．．据说… …
It is believed that．．．大家相信… …
It is reported that．．．据报道… …
如 :It is said that Lucy has gone abroad．据说露茜已经出国了 .
四．主动结构表示被动意义的情况
（1）动词open, read, sell, write等作不及物动词, 通常和easily，well等副词连用， 且它们的主语为物时。
如：The pen writes well. 这支钢笔很好用。
(2 )某些连系动词（如smell, look, taste, feel, sound等）描述某物特性时。
如：This kind of flower smells sweet. 这种花闻起来很香。
（3）一些动词的主动形式表被动意义。
①be worth doing中,doing表示被动意义。
如：This movie is worth watching. 这部电影值得一看。
②“need/require+doing”相当于“need/require+to be done”, to be done 是不定式的被动结构。
如：Your car needs washing.= Your car needs to be washed. 你的汽车该洗了。
(4 )形容词 cheap, dangerous, important, comfortable, interesting等接不定式做状语时，不定式的主动形式表被动意义。
The old lady is easy to get along with.
The question is difficult to answer.
(5)在“too…to…”结构和形容词 enough to do结构中,通常用主动形式表示被动意义。
The problem is too difficult to work out.
五．下列情况主动句不能改为被动句
1.一些不及物动词短语没有被动语态：suffer from，take place, break out, belong to, lose heart, consist of, add up to，come true等。
2.不及物动词没有被动语态，如：rise, happen, succeed, remain, lie等。
正：After the earthquake, few houses remained.
误：After the earthquake, few houses were remained.
宾语是反身代词，相互代词，同源宾语，不定式，v-ing形式及抽象名词等，不能变为被动句子的主语，如：I taught myself English.
误：Myself was taught English.
Part II 中考英语专题训练：被动语态
一．用括号内所给动词的适当时态和语态填空。
1.The telephone　 　（invent） by Alexander Graham Bell in 1876．
2.My bike ___________(steal) last night.
3. What language___________(speak) in that country.
4.These TV sets___________(make) in Sichuan.
5.It has got so dark. Would you please___________(turn) on the light
6.A new hospital___________(build) in this area next year.
7.___________the book ________(return) yet
8.It_______ (suggest)that students should have enough sleep every day.
9.The window ________(not break)by the boy yesterday.
10.I____________(tell) that I should go to the teachers' office just now.
11.It is__________ (report) that an airplane disappeared in March．
12.The evening party (take place) on next Sunday evening．
13.My bike is broken．It needs (repair)．
14.Your idea (sound)very creative．
15.The film ___________ (show)many times since last Sunday.
16.The storybook can __________ (not take) out of the reading room.
17.In order to live in a better place, the natural environment must __________ (protect) by all the people.
18.Whoever breaks the law will ______________ (punish).
19.After New China _______________(found), people lived a happy life.
20.Many road accidents can_______________ (avoid)if we all follow traffic rules.
21.The book is worth______________ (read).
22.The China International Search and Rescue Team has brought help and hope to people in disasters around the world since it 　 　(set up)18 years ago.
23.Unluckily, Notre Dame de Paris (巴黎圣母院)_________ (burn)in April last year.We felt so sad for that.
The Biology teacher says that seeds are often____________(spread) by the wind.
They______ ____(drive) mad by the noise from next door last night.
二．单项选择
1、During the Tang dynasty (唐朝), nearly everything produced in the world ______on the streets of Chang’an.
A．is found B．has been found C．will be found D．could be found
2.After the boy’s homework ________, he went out to play.
A. finished B. finishes C. was finished D. is finished
3.Paper ________ in ancient China more than 2,000 years ago.
A. invented B. was invented C. invent D. is invented
4.A lot of birds ________ in nature parks every year.
A．protect B．is protected C．are protected D．protected
5.A lot of teenagers think as they are older and wiser, they ________ to make their own decisions.
A．should allow B．shouldn’t allow C．should be allowed D．shouldn’t be allowed
6.It ________ 100 years since the Communist Party ________ .
A．was; was founded B．has been; was founded C．has been; founded D．was; founded
7.—How long may I ________ your magazine
—For one week. But it mustn’t ________ to others.
A．borrow; lend B．keep; be lent C．lend; be borrowed D．have; lend
8.—This math problem ________ in half an hour.
—Don’t worry. Mr. Wang is good at math. He can make it.
A．is working out B．would work out C．should be worked out D．has worked out
9.— Eric, you ________ to go to the teachers’ office just now. What’s up
— We aren’t allowed to bring phones to school. Em, but I broke the rule.
A．told B．tell C．are told D．were told
10.Many research labs ________ in the next 5 years to develop science and technology in China.
A．are building B．will be built C．were built D. will build
11.Fishing _________ in order to protect the ecosystem of Hanjiang River.
A．allows B．is allowed C．isn’t allowed D．won’t allow
12.Today Chinese __________ by more and more people in the world.
A．speak B．was spoken C．spoke D．is spoken
13.The film The Battle At Lake ChangjinⅡ has received high praise since it ________ on screen.
A．put B．is put C．was put D．will be put
14.The 24th Winter Olympic Games _________ in Beijing and many Chinese watched the events.
A．be held B．was held C．were held D．will be held
15.Don’t worry. Your birthday cake ________ here in a while.
A．sends B．is sent C．will be sent D．will send
16.The basketball match in our school ________ next Monday morning.
A．is going to hold B．is going to be held C．will hold D．has been held
17.So far, many people’s lives ________ with the help of the medical workers.
A．are saved B．were saved C．have been saved D．will be saved
18.—____ free breakfasts __________ in all schools in China
—No, not yet. Only in the rural areas.
A. Are; made B. Do; serve C. Are; served D. Do; make
19.Emily was glad that she ___ for her honesty at that meeting.
A. praises B. praised C. is praised D. was praised
20. —Have you finished your report on green life
—Not yet. I'll make it if I ___ another two days.
A. give B. am given C. will give D. will be given
21.In the future, more and more high-speed railroads in China.
A.are built B.will build C.were built D.will be built
22． his work yet
A．Have;been finished B．Has;been finished
C．Has;finished D．Have;finished
23.The workers were made ten hours a day．
A．work B．to work C．working D．worked
24．The pen well．
A．writes B．is written C．was written D．writing
25．Children in China．
A．is taken good care B．are taken good care of
C．have taken good care D．must take care of
26.When the People’s Republic of China
A．was;found B．was;founded C．did;found D．does;found
27.It’s a long time! I can’t remember when this picture _______ in Jinshan Park.
A．was taken B．takes C．is taken D．took
28.Chinese _________ by more and more people in the world.
A．speak B．speaks C．is speaking D．is spoken
29.— People ________ to take their temperatures before they go into the supermarket during the COVID-19 pandemic (新冠疫情).
— I think it’s a good way to protect ourselves.
A．are asking B．are asked C．asked D．ask
30.I ________ by aliens on my way home the other day. Do you believe me
A．have attacked B．was attacked C．was attacking D．am attacked
31.UNICEF, part of the United Nations, ________ in Europe in 1946 after World War II.
A．set up B．was set up C．took up D．was taken up
32.Sometimes, Chinese Women Football Team ________ “Steel Roses” (铿锵玫瑰).
A．is called B．was called C．will be called D．will call
33.It that one Greater Bay Area university will be built in Guangdong in the future.
A．says B．said C．is said D．was said
34. He likes collecting stamps. Most of his money ________ on stamps.
A．has spent B．spends C．is spent D．spent
35. Great changes in our hometown these years.
A. are taken place B. took place C. have been taken place D. have take place
36.China’s hot words, like tuhao, dama and lianghui, ___ in the western media(媒体).
A. use widely B. is widely used C. uses widely D. are widely used
37.I _______ to wait four hours before I was examined by a doctor.
A. made B. has made C. was made D. was making
38.She has written two novels, both of which ______ into television series.
A. have made B. have been made C . had made D. had been made
39.Full details of the election results ______ in a special edition of tomorrow’s newspaper.
A. will publish B. will be published C. have published D. have been published
40. The problem is easy________.
A. to solve B. to be solved C. solving D. to solving
41. Many people in poor areas___________ diseases now.
A. are suffered from B. are suffering from C. was suffered from D. are being suffering from
42.The bush fires in Australia 　　after a few months, leaving millions of animals dead.
A.were run out　 B.run out　 C.were put out　 D.put out
43.Our house_________ last night.Look at the footprints（脚印）on the floor.
A.broke into B. was breaking into
C.broken into D.was broken into
44.——Do you like the new pen —Yes, it very well.
A.is writing B. writes C.has written D.is written
As soon as she________ Nanjing, she will call you.
arrives B. is arrived C. will arrive D. will be arrived
Micheal ________ in a school in Yunnan as a math teacher from February to June next year.
will teach B. taught C. will be taught D. was teaching
The tea in Yunnan is so famous that it ________ to places across the world every day.
A. sends B. sent C. is sent D. will be sent
48.Now waste from daily life in the city of Shanghai_________to be separated into four different groups.
A. is requiring B. is required C. was required D. required
49.He was seen___________ football on the playground.
A. plays B. to play C. playing D.played
50.The problem is too difficult .
A. to be worked out B.to work out C. working out D. to working out
三、按要求改写句子。
1. People speak English in many countries. （变成被动语态）
__________________________________________________________________________
2. We built this bridge last year. （变成被动语态）
__________________________________________________________________________
3. The tiger in the zoo frightened the little girl. （变成被动语态）
__________________________________________________________________________
4. You must not take these magazines out of the reading-room. （变成被动语态）
__________________________________________________________________________
5. We shall discuss the problem at tomorrow's meeting. （变成被动语态）
__________________________________________________________________________
6. Has anybody fed the birds （变成被动语态）
__________________________________________________________________________
7. People will never forget the accident. （变成被动语态）
__________________________________________________________________________
8.Someone must have turned on the light without your notice. （变成被动语态）
__________________________________________________________________________
9.Someone must take good care of the children when we go out. （变成被动语态）
__________________________________________________________________________
They won't hold the meeting until next Friday. （变成被动语态）
__________________________________________________________________________
We asked him to sing an English song.（改写成被动语态）
__________________________________________________________________________
We often hear the girl sing in her room in the evening.（变成被动语态）
__________________________________________________________________________
I saw some boys playing football in the playground.（变成被动语态）
__________________________________________________________________________
14.We will be given another chance in this game again．（改为一般疑问句）
__________________________________________________________________________
15．The music was written by our best friend Trace．（改为否定句）
__________________________________________________________________________
四．完成句子 (10题)
1. 这些女孩子们一个月之前被教授如何跳舞,现在她们能跳好了。
The girls how to dance a month ago and now they can dance well.
2. 一座桥将在河上被建造。将来它能节省我们很多时间
A bridge over the river. It can save us a lot of time in the future.
3. 如果学生们被允许拥有兼职工作,他们拥有的学习时间可能就更少了。
If students to have a part-time job, they may have less time to study.
4. 在中国到处都有人打羽毛球。
In China，badminton everywhere.
5.为了进一步美化校园，下个月会在学校种很多树。
Next month many trees in our school to make it more beautiful.
6.根据奶奶的建议，这汤应该煮上两个小时以上。
The soup for more than two hours according to Grandma.
7.校运会将在下周四上午举行。
The school sports meeting ________ _________ _________ next Thursday morning.
8.人们广泛认为贝尔发明了电话。
It’s widely____ that the telephone ________ _______ by Bell.
9.我们离开课室的时候必须关灯。
Lights when we leave the classroom.
10.残疾人不应该被嘲笑。
The disabled shouldn't ________ _______ ________ _______.
五．附加题：语法填空。
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容或括号内单词的正确形式。
Father's Day_1.___________(be)on the third Sunday in June. It 2.____________(consider) as a day to show their love for their fathers. Father 3.____________(regard) as an idol and the strongest man in children's life.
The idea of celebrating Father's Day 4.____________(raise) by Sonora Smart Dodd of Washington in 1909. She wanted a special day to honor her father; his wife died when she 5._________(give)birth to their sixth child. Mr.Smart 6. ____________(leave) to raise the newborn and his other five children. After Sonora became an adult, she understood the strength and love her father had shown in raising his children. The first Father's Day 7.____________(celebrate) in June 19,1910 in Washington.In 1966,the USA President Lyndon Johnson made the third Sunday of June Father's Day. In 1972, it 8.____________(make) a national holiday by the USA President Richard Nixon.
People 9. ____________(offer) a chance to express their love to their fathers. Celebrating the day also 10.____________(make) fathers feel that their contributions（贡献）are acknowledged（认可）by their children and society.
参考答案：
一．填空
1. was invented 2. was stolen 3. is spoken 4. were made 5.turn
6.will be built 7. Has, been returned 8.is suggested 9. wasn’t broken 10. was told
reported 12. will take place 13. repairing/ to be repaired 14. sounds 15.has been shown
not be taken 17. be protected 18. be punished 19. was founded 20. be avoided
reading 22. was set up 23. was burnt 24. spread 25.were driven
二．单选
1-5 DCBCC 6-10 BBCDB 11-15 CDCBC 16-20 BCCDB
21-25 DBBAB 26-30 BADBB 31-35 BACCD 36-40 DCBBA
41-45 BCDBA 46-50 ACBBB
三．改写句子。
1. English is spoken by people in many countries.
2.This bridge was built by us last year.
3.The little girl was frightened by the tiger in the zoo.
4.These magazines mustn't be taken out of the the reading-room.
5.The problem will be discussed by us at tomorrow's meeting.
6.Have the birds been fed by anybody
7. The accident will never be forgotten by people.
8. The light has been turned on by someone without your notice.
9.The children must be taken good care of when we go out.
10.The meeting won’t be held by them until next Friday.
11.He was asked to sing an English song by us.
12.Some boys were seen playing football in the playground by me.
13.The girl is often heard to sing in her room in the evening by us.
14. Will we be given another chance in this game again
15.The music wasn’t written by our best friend Trace.
四．完成句子。
1.were taught 2.will be built 3.are allowed 4. is played 5. will be planted
6.should be cooked 7. will be held 8.believed, was invented 9. must be turned off
10. be laughed at
五．附加题答案：
1.is
2.is considered
3.is regarded
4.was raised
5.was giving
6.was left
7.was celebrated
8.was made
9.are offered
10.makes
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