河南省驻马店市2019-2022学年高二下学期英语期末试卷汇编：阅读理解（含答案）
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| 名称 | 河南省驻马店市2019-2022学年高二下学期英语期末试卷汇编：阅读理解（含答案） |  | |
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河南省驻马店市
2019-2022三年高二下学期英语期末试卷汇编
阅读理解
河南省驻马店市2021-2022学年高二下学期期末考试试卷英语试卷
第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的（A、B、C和D）四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
During the COVID-19 pandemic, online book clubs grow in popularity as everyone is stuck at home. If you’re looking for some new reading inspiration, these are the clubs you should know about.
Our Shared Shelf
Must—read books like The Beauty Myth by Naomi Wolf are shared in Our Shared Shelf. This club was founded in 2016 by actor Emma Watson as part of her work with UN women. Held each month, it focuses on literature that explores the rights of women.
Between Two Books
Between Two Books was set up by Florence Welch’s fans way back in 2012, and the singer immediately threw her full support behind this lit—loving community, recommending her favorite titles. Every month, the club hosts guest recommendations from artists, musicians, writers and directors.
Belletrist
Belletrist is the creation of two best friends Emma Roberts and Karah Preiss who have been sharing their love of reading for over ten years. Each month Emma Roberts and Karah Preiss search through hundreds of new releases to find the five best books hitting the shelves and share them. What makes the club more appealing is that live author interviews are hosted on Instagram monthly.
Poppy Loves Book Club
Run by Eva Witherspoon, this women—only club serves as an umbrella community, joining together hundreds of local book clubs from all corners of the world. At the end of each month, Eva’s book-lovers come together to share their thoughts—and their love of reading. Whatever topics that are closely related to women can be talked freely.
21. Who founded the club Our Shared Shelf
A. Naomi Wolf. B. Eva Witherspoon. C. Emma Roberts. D. Emma Watson.
22. Which club provides live author interviews
A. Our Shared Shelf. B. Between Two Books.
C. Belletrist. D. Poppy Loves Book Club.
23. What do the four clubs have in common
A. They are held on a monthly basis. B. They are hosted on Instagram.
C. They host guest recommendations. D. They only allow women to join.
B
Before the dark cloud cast a shadow over my life, I was a 39-year-old woman who enjoyed traveling, listening to jazz music and reading. Then my whole life changed. On November 10th 2019, I awoke from sleep with the worst headache of my life. I was rushed to hospital and diagnosed with brain aneurysm (动脉瘤)! After emergency surgery, I lay on the bed feeling shocked and lost. Yet, I knew I had to face the music.
Nine months later, my doctor recommended I start cycling to help flood my brain with oxygen, which benefited my physical recovery. I hadn’t used one in almost two decades, so I was scared. However, with the support of my wonderful cheerleader, Brian, my husband, I got on a bike cautiously. After only three minutes, I was tired and my hands were shaking. I felt powerless and wanted to give up, but Brian encouraged me with smiling eyes. I rode for a few minutes, stopped to rest and rode again. Little by little I could ride continuously for ten minutes! My husband joked I deserved the first prize!
Now, I ride whenever I have the energy. Usually, I get on the bike a few times a week. Last year I participated in a benefit ride for the local school. I enjoy traveling internationally, but haven’t had the opportunity to do so since my surgeries. I hope to one day be able to ride in another country. Until then, though, I’ll participate annually in the Good Old Summertime Classic and continue my local routes.
Biking not only restores my body but also my soul. It feels empowering to take charge of my body and life again. I know I will ride on.
24. What does the underlined phrase “face the music” in paragraph 1 refer to :
A. Enjoy jazz music. B. Accept the fact. C. Lose the feeling. D. Have the surgery.
25. How was the author’s first biking after the surgery
A. She quit halfway. B. She felt disappointed.
C. She made it. D. She got the first prize.
26. What does the author expect to do for the future
A. To help the local school. B. To go cycling abroad.
C. To have enough energy. D. To participate in local routes.
27. What can we learn from the author’s story
A. One is never too old to learn. B. Love breaks down barriers.
C. Exercise is the best medicine. D. Happiness lies in good health.
C
Fourteen dancers wearing jumpsuits filled with sponge (海绵) and with special cotton in their mouths recreate the slightly fat figures of Tang Dynasty females. They line on stage with amusing facial expressions and humorous motions. Suddenly they are surrounded by antiques and the next second, they are hanging around in the ancient masterpieces of Ten Thousand Li of Rivers and Mountains.
Like in a dream, audiences travelled back with the dancers to the wealthy Tang Dynasty. The magic—like dance program, namely Tang Gong Ye Yan (Night Banquet in Tang Dynasty Palace), was released in the Spring Festival gala of 2021 by Henan TV. The video has been watched 48.62 million times on Sina Weibo, and the view counts of related topics have passed 200 million on Tiktok by Feb 19. It has enlightened people’s passion toward the beauty of traditional culture, and consequently also spread overseas, appreciated by culture lovers around the world.
The dance has become a representation of guochao, which expresses the rise of China’s native fashion trends. A group of young artists have begun to try to demonstrate traditional Chinese culture in different ways. One of the pioneers is Chen Lei, director of the gala. In his opinion, the dance, in which modern technologies such as 3D and AR are used, is a combination of rich treasures of China’s traditional culture and modern technologies, fashions and aesthetic (美学).
Chen told the Global Times that with the development of China, Chinese young people feel more confident to promote Chinese trends to the international stage. He believes traditions shouldn’t be sealed in glass boxes at museums or merely taught in the classroom, but combined with the digital world. Otherwise, the inheritance (传承) of traditions would be artificial and empty.
28. What does the author intend to do in the first paragraph
A. To provide an example. B. To introduce the topic.
C. To add background information. D. To analyze the dancers’ difficulties.
29. What can you infer about the dance program from paragraph 2
A. It promotes tourism in China. B. It takes advantage of the Internet.
C. It wins world—wide recognition. D. It popularizes short video platforms.
30. Which of the following words best describes the dance program
A. Traditional. B. Vivid. C. Complex. D. Creative.
31. What should we do about Chinese traditions according to Chen
A. Preserve them at museums. B. Teach them at schools.
C. Introduce them to young people. D. Recreate them with technology.
D
During spring in the Pacific Northwest, meltwater rushes down rivers and the wind often blows hard. These forces spin the region’s many power turbines (涡轮机) and generate electricity at a time of mild temperatures and relatively low energy demand. But much of this seasonal extra electricity—which could power air conditioners in summer—is lost because batteries cannot store it long enough.
Researchers at Pacific Northwest National Laboratory (PNNL), a Department of Energy National Laboratory in Richland, Wash, are developing a battery that might solve this problem. In a recent paper published in Cell Reports Physical Science, they demonstrated how freezing and unfreezing a molten salt solution (熔盐溶液) creates a rechargeable battery that can store energy cheaply and efficiently for weeks or months at a time. This will be an outcome that is significant toward renewable energy.
Most conventional batteries store energy as chemical reactions waiting to happen. When the battery is connected to a circuit, electrons travel from one side of the battery to the other, generating electricity. To compensate for the change, charged ions (离子) move through the solid material that separates the two sides of the battery. But even when the battery is not in use, the ions gradually move across this material. As that happens, the battery loses energy. Some rechargeable batteries can lose a third of their stored charge in a single month.
“In our battery, we try to stop this condition.” says PNNL researcher Guosheng Li, “The material inside the battery is made of a salt solution that is solid at normal temperatures but becomes liquid when heated to 180℃. When the material is solid, ions are locked in place, preventing self—discharge. Only when the material becomes liquid can ions flow through the battery, allowing it to charge or discharge.”
“Creating a battery that can resist repeated cycles of heating and cooling is no small task. However, we want to go through it and see how far we can take them to commercialization.” says Guosheng Li.
32. Why do the researchers develop the new battery
A. To extend the duration time. B. To protect the environment.
C To cut the cost of the battery. D. To generate more electricity.
33 What does paragraph 4 mainly tell us about the new chargeable battery
A. Its complex design. B. Its required temperature.
C. Its major advantage. D. Its potential market.
34. Which word best describes Li’s attitude towards the new battery
A. Confident. B. Cautious. C. Conservative. D. Skeptical.
35. What may be the best title for the text
A. Exploring the Future of Rechargeable Batteries.
B. Researching Ways to Promote Rechargeable Batteries.
C. New Technology Replaces Conventional Batteries in the Market.
D. Rechargeable Salt Battery Freezes Energy for Longer Storage.
河南省驻马店市2020-2021学年高二下学期期末考试试卷英语试卷
第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
Help Get Teens Ready for College
College is an exciting time and place for young adults, but it can also be disturbing. Thankfully, there are plenty of books to help your teens get ready for college.
Every Body Looking by Candice Hoh
Going to college means that Ada will be living away from her family for the first time in her life. The distance gives her anxiety, but breathing room, too. She has the opportunity to reflect on her upbringing, ,her family's expectations, and what she wants for herself.
We Are Okay by Nina LaCour
Keep a box of tissues on hand as you read because this short novel has a huge emotional impact on readers. Suffering from grief, Marin left her old life behind when she went to college. During a solitary winter break in her dorm room, an old friend comes to visit. Seeing her friend forces Marin to face the sufferings from her past and find a way to heal.
College Admission 101 by The Princeton Review and Robert Franek
Education expert and editor-in-chief of The Princeton Review shares his knowledge of the college admission process in this Q&A style guidebook. From choosing extra - curricular activities to securing financial aid, Robert Franek answers over 60 of the most common questions about getting into college.
Anxiety Relief for Teens by Regine Galanti, Ph. D.
There's no question that today's teens suffer from increasing amounts of anxiety. Going to college during a pandemic could make it worse. Help your teens manage their stress and get into a healthier mindset with this book's tips and advice.
1. Which of the following books will probably move you
A. College Admission 101 B. Every Body Looking
C. We Are Okay D. Anxiety Relief for Teens
2. What can we learn about College Admission 101
A. It introduces an. education expert. B. It gives answers to admission questions.
C. It offers some ways to reduce stress. D. It helps know more about ourselves.
3. Who is the article mainly intended for
A. Students. B. Teachers. C. Parents. D. Managers.
B
Have you ever wanted to take a closer look at the stars and see some of the coolest parts of our universe Then you'll need a telescope, a big one.
The Hubble Space Telescope is the biggest, the most delicate and the most complex astronomical telescope ever. Hubble is eight feet across and 44 feet long and it weighs more than 25, 000 pounds. So it is much bigger than any telescope that you've ever used from your backyard. It orbits the earth at an altitude of 600 kilometers. NASA fuels it with the largest power source we know — the sun, with two large solar panels capturing sunlight. The Hubble Space Telescope is not only big in size and low on energy. It's also fast. It travels around the Earth at about 28,000 kilometers per hour, so about 17,398 miles per hour. And it orbits the earth every hour and a half. At this rate, Hubble could travel- from Los Angeles to Boston in about ten minutes.
Hubble is the only telescope designed to be maintained in space by astronauts. A series of space shuttle missions have repaired, upgraded, and replaced systems on the telescope, including all four of the main instruments; a brand — new set of cameras and spectrographs (摄谱仪) was installed in Hubble during the fifth and final servicing mission, which was completed in 2009. Although it has nearly doubled its expected lifetime, with April 24, 2020 its 30th anniversary, it still remains in operation and continues to be one of the most important tools to learn about the universe.
Hubble has made countless discoveries during its service, and answering new puzzles requires more powerful telescopes. Its legendary life will come to an end due to the aging of its components. One of Hubble's greatest legacies (遗产) is not just to answer questions about the universe but also to open up new mysteries that we can solve with future telescopes.
4. What is introduced about Hubble in paragraph 2
A. Its future. B. Its launch time.
C. Its energy source. D. Its servicing mission.
5. How many times has Hubble been repaired
A. Three times. B. Four times. C. Five times. D. Six times.
6. How long is Hubble originally expected to work
A. 30 years. B. 24 years. C. 20 years. D. 15 years.
7. What can be inferred about Hubble from the last paragraph
A. Hubble will be repaired for another time.
B. Hubble will be replaced by future telescopes.
C. Hubble fails to help observe farther galaxies.
D. Hubble keeps on performing remarkably well.
C
Mattel is launching a new line of Barbies made from plastic that would otherwise become ocean waste. The "Barbie Loves the Ocean” collection, which has a summer theme, comes with three dolls （each $ 10） and a beach cabin play set （ $ 20）,. As part of Barbie's vlog （视频博客） series on YouTube, Mattel will pair the dolls' release with a new video called "Barbie Shares How We can All Protect the Planet.
The new Barbie line is Mattel's latest move in reaching its sustainability （可持续性）goals. The 76 - year - old toy company previously pledged to using 100% recycled, recyclable or bio - based plastic materials across all of its products and packaging by 2030. 4Earlier, the toy company announced that it was launching a program called "Mattel Play- back", which encourages consumers to send Mattel their old toys, and the company can reuse the materials for future Mattel products. The program kicked off with Barbie and two other Mattel brands - Matchbox and MEGA toys - and brands will be added to the program going forward.
Mattel isn't alone in its eco -efforts, as many large toy companies are trying to become more eco - friendly after decades of relying on environmentally destructive plastic in their products and packaging. Finding alternatives to plastic is crucial to deal with climate change , and adopting “eco - friendly" marketing and products is important for companies as consumers are increasingly conscious about how their choices affect the planet.
8. What can we know about the new Barbie products from paragraph 1
A. They will be sold on YouTube. B. They will be released in summer.
C. They are cheaper than previous products. D. They are made from ocean - bound plastic.
9. Which of the following can replace the underlined word “pledged' in paragraph 2
A. Committed. B. Adapted. C. Objected. D. Turned.
10. Why did Mattel launch the program "Mattel Playback”
A. To reach their sales target. B. To develop more new brands.
C. To reduce production costs. D. To recycle plastic materials.
11. What does the last paragraph mainly talk about
A. The reason for toy companies to be eco - friendly.
B. The way of toy companies' dealing with climate change.
C. The environmental impact of plastic products.
D. The attitude of consumers towards plastic products.
D
In the Brazilian Amazon, a species of monkey called the pied tamarin（绢毛猴）is fighting for survival, threatened by habitat loss and urban development. But the severely endangered animals faces another enemy： the red - handed tamarin, a monkey that lives in the same region.
They compete for the same resources, and the red - handed tamarinds habitat range is expanding into that of the pied tamarins'. Their conflicts sometimes end in violent argument.
But in a recent study, scientists have discovered that the red - handed tamarin is changing its vocal calls to better communicate with the pied tamarin. Tainara Sobroza, an ecology Ph. D. student who worked on the study, says these calls are used to warn other species that they are invading their territory, or coming too close to a crucial survival resource. "When this happens the two species usually engage in vocal battles," she says, which sometimes prevent the violent physical battles between the two species.
Researchers compared the change in calls to speaking with an accent, "They might need to say 'tomahto' instead of 'tomato — that's the kind of delicate difference in the accent, so that they can really understand each other," Jacob Dunn, a professor of evolutionary biology who worked on the study, told The Guardian.
When analyzing the vocal call of both species, the scientists discovered that the red - handed tamarins, new call has a narrower bandwidth （带宽）and an increased amplitude （振幅）,making the sound clearer and the duration of the call longer. The result is a call that travels better through the thick forest.
The hope is that this work will help conservationists to better design reserves and other survival chances for the pied tamarins. And because these two species are so rarely seen physically in the same space, listening is one way to do that work. "We don't have to actually see," Sabroza says. "We can hear the ecological interaction. "
12. What do we know about the pied tamarins
A. They are in danger of dying out.
B. They live in the urban areas.
C. They are competing with each other for survival.
D. They are invading the red - handed tamarin's habitat.
13. What is the purpose of the change in calls according to the survey
A. To engage in physical battles. B. To better communicate with each other.
C To make the sound louder. D. To survive in the thick forest.
14. What is the text mainly about
A. Monkeys change their calls to communicate with their enemy.
B. Listening plays an important role in protecting ecology.
C. The pied tamarins, habitat is occupied by their enemy.
D. Habitat loss and urban development influence tamarins' survival .
15. Which section of a newspaper is this text probably from
A. Entertainment. B. Science. C. Education. D. Health.
河南省驻马店市2019-2020学年高二下学期期末考试试卷英语试卷
第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）
阅读下列短文,从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
Good News to Relax Yourself
Warner Bros. to release’Dark Knight’in HK
Hong Kong film fans are in for a treat as Warner Bros has announced it will release Christopher Nolan’s iconic“The Dark Knight” trilogy （三部曲） into theaters for a limited time.
Jessica Alba to star in ‘Trigger Warning’
Jessica Alba will star in “Trigger Warning” for the streaming service with the film coming from director Mouly Surya, who filmed the well - received Cannes （戛纳） entry “Marlina the Murderer in Four Acts” that became Indonesia’s foreign film Oscar submission.
Danny Boyle to direct’ Methuselah’
Danny Boyle，who won an Oscar for directing“Slumdog Millionaire,” is stepping in to Michael B. Jordan’s “Methuselah” working again with his “Slumdog” screenwriter Simon Beaufoy who will rewrite the script.
‘Little Women,’ ‘1917’ likely to hit reopened cinemas
“Little Women” and “1917” appear to be among the first titles that will hit Chinese theaters when they reopen in the wake of the COVID-19, new posters show. The two titles were scheduled for release in February, but were stopped when cinemas were shut nationwide.
Dakota Johnson joins Olivia Wilde’s ‘Don’t Worry, Darling’
Dakota Johnson is in negotiations to join the starry ensemble （舞蹈团） of “Don’t Worry, Darling,” a psychological thriller from director Olivia Wilde.
1. Who made the film “Marlina the Murderer in Four Acts”
A. Jessica Alba B. Mouly Surya
C. Danny Boyle D. Olivia Wilde
2. Which of the following films is a thriller
A. The Dark Knight B. Little Women
C. Don’t Worry, Darling D. Slumdog Millionaire
3. What can we learn from the passage
A. All film fans can enjoy “the Dark Knight” for a scheduled time.
B. “Little Women” couldn’t be on in Chinese theaters as planned.
C. Jessica Alba intends to play a role in the film “Methuselah”.
D. Dakota Johnson is unwilling to work with director Olivia Wilde.
B
The bird dropped like a rock. Before lowering the gun, I realized what I’d done—I’d killed my first animal. I rushed into the brush, praying, “Oh God, please don’t let it be dead.” The pigeon lay there with blood out of its beak (喙), feathers scattered about and its head bent lifelessly to the side. After burying it, I hurried home and went to hide my gun in my room.
I was dead silent at dinner. I felt as though every time I lowered my head, Dad was looking at me, but whenever I stole a glance in his direction, he seemed simply to be paying attention to his food. Mom finally uncovered the main dish—chicken. The dead pigeon appeared in my mind so that I almost threw up on the plate. Pushing my chair back and I ran to my room. My head buried in my pillow, I felt Dad rubbing my back. My tears slowly disappeared and I cleared my throat. “I shot a pigeon today,” “Oh ” my father replied, his expression unchanging.” And how did it feel ” “It felt... awful,” I answered.
“I’m sure it did. That’s one of the reasons I said you shouldn’t shoot birds.” I glanced at him,” Are you going to punish me ”
“Well, you misused your BB gun, and you disobeyed me. What you need is to always remember how bad it felt to kill that poor bird. Somehow, I think you will. ”And, patting me on the shoulder, he said, “Now let’s go to get dinner.”
Little did I know that my father was right before this. I would remember killing that bird along with a lot of other things for the rest of my life.
4. How did the author feel just after realizing having killed the bird
A. Upset and despair. B. Delighted and proud.
C. Tired and sad. D. Scared and regretful.
5. Why did the author run away when seeing the dish of chicken
A. He had something urgent to do.
B. He didn’t like chicken at all.
C. He thought of the killed bird.
D. He was afraid to face his parents.
6. What did the father do after being told the truth
A. To take away the author’s gun.
B. To criticize the author seriously.
C. To require the author to obey him forever.
D. To ask the author to remember killing the bird.
7. What do we know about the author’s father
A He was satisfied to see the author hide his gun.
B. He didn’t want the author to waste time playing.
C. He used his special way to teach the author a lesson.
D. He was tolerant of any of the author’s mistakes.
C
Wherever we look, we see advertisements that attract us to buy. In today’s society, we are under pressure to constant shop. Of course, most people only buy what they need and what they can afford. However, there are some people called shopaholics, who can’t control their desire to spend money buying things. This kind of addictive behavior can lead to money problems, family conflicts, and deep unhappiness.
What are the symptoms of a shopaholic People with this problem often spend hours and hours shopping on the Internet or at the mall. Their closets are full of clothing and jewelry that they have never worn, with the price tags still on them. Their homes may be filled with shopping bags and boxes that they bought but never used. Many shopaholics are aware of their own problems, but when they go to a store, they simply can’t resist the urge to buy. Some of them are ashamed of their weakness and try to hide it by storing their purchases in places like the attic(阁楼), where others won’t see them.
Psychologists think there are several reasons for a shopping addiction. For some people, it is a way of reducing stress. For others, shopping is a way to fight loneliness or depression. For people with less confidence, shopping can be a way that they prove their self-worth. Sometimes the problem develops out of boredom. It replaces other hobbies and interests to help kill the time. Although shopping can temporarily make people feel good. they often feel ashamed and guilty later.
When shopping habits get out of control, people need professional help. They can either see a counselor(顾问) or join an organization such as Shopaholics Anonymous. Groups like this try to help people understand the reasons for their addiction and learn how to control the urge to shop. Their goal is to help people find ways to fulfill themselves rather than lead to serious debt and troubled lives.
8. What are “shopaholics” like according to the passage
A. They often spend plenty of money in shopping. B. They are proud of spending much money.
C. They are addicted to collecting shopping bags. D. They fail to realize their desire to shop constantly.
9. Why do some shoppers hide their purchases in the attic
A. They treasure what they have bought. B. They want to give their family a surprise.
C. They are afraid of being regarded as thieves. D. They are ashamed of their own constant shopping.
10. What does the underlined word “it” in Paragraph 3 refer to
A. Money. B. Shopping. C. Stress. D. Self-worth.
11. What are groups like “Shopaholics Anonymous” intended to do
A. To encourage people to overcome their bad feelings.
B. To seek professional help in window shopping.
C. To help control some people’s desire to purchase.
D. To call on more people to get rid of their bad habits.
D
An ordinary cotton T- shirt can be changed into body armour(盔甲), thanks to scientists from South Carolina, Switzerland and China. They combined the carbon in the cotton with boron to create a tough, lightweight fabric of boron carbide(碳化硼), the same material used to protect tanks.
Available at Wal-Mart, the new T- shirt would be not only bulletproof, but also resistant to ultraviolet light from the sun and life -threatening radioactive rays.
“The present armour is strong, but it’s not flexible and it’s very heavy. We tried to solve this problem with a different approach. In our approach, we used cotton T- shirts,” said Xiaodong Li, a scientist at the University of South Carolina. The trick for the scientists was combining melting boron with the carbon fibers inside the cotton fibers to form boron carbide. The great research began with a package of plain, white T-shirts purchased at Wal-Mart, which the scientists cut into pieces. They put those white cotton pieces into a black liquid of boron. After an hour, the cotton pieces were taken out from it and baked in an oven at a temperature of more than 1,000 degrees Celsius for an hour. As a result, only carbon and boron was left and then boron carbide came into being.
The resulting material is very different from the original ones at the start of the process—it’s lighter, stronger, tougher and stiffer than the original cotton, but it can still be bent, unlike normal boron carbide armour.
Li said that the physical features of the new material are still being tested, but “from our initial results we can say the test has been very, very promising.” “We expect that the material can stop a bullet,” Discovery News quoted Li as saying.
Covering cars or aircraft with cotton-based boron carbide, instead of the metal used today, would make these vehicles much lighter and more fuel- saving.
12. What does Paragraph 3 mainly talk about
A. The features of new boron carbide. B. The advantages of new boron carbide.
C. The disadvantages of former boron carbide. D. The process of making new boron carbide.
13. What can we know from the text
A. Many T- shirts are used to produce new materials.
B. The new T- shirts must be popular with children.
C. The new boron carbide contains many chemicals.
D. The new material has more advantages.
14. What’s Li Xiaodong’s attitude towards the new material
A. Confident. B. Negative. C. Neutral. D. Ambiguous.
15. What might be the best title for the passage
A. Traditional T-shirts are out of date. B. An ordinary T- shirt can become body armour.
C. New boron carbide has been widely used. D. Cotton- based boron carbide will easily change our life.
答案：
河南省驻马店市2021-2022学年高二下学期期末考试试卷英语试卷
【答案】21. D 22. C 23. A
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了几个在线图书俱乐部。
【21题详解】
细节理解题。根据Our Shared Shelf部分中的“This club was founded in 2016 by actor Emma Watson as part of her work with UN women.(这个俱乐部是由演员Emma Watson在2016年创立的，这作为她与联合国妇女组织合作的一部分。)”可知，Emma Watson创立了Our Shared Shelf俱乐部，故选D。
【22题详解】
细节理解题。根据Belletrist部分中“What makes the club more appealing is that live author interviews are hosted on Instagram monthly.(让这个俱乐部更有吸引力的是，每月作家现场访谈都会在Instagram上举行。)”可知，Belletrist俱乐部提供作者现场采访，故选C。
【23题详解】
细节理解题。根据Our Shared Shelf部分中的“Held each month, it focuses on literature that explores the rights of women.(每月举行一次，重点是探讨妇女权利的文学作品。)”，Between Two Books部分中的“Every month, the club hosts guest recommendations from artists, musicians, writers and directors.(每个月，俱乐部都会接待来自艺术家、音乐家、作家和导演的推荐嘉宾。)”，Belletrist部分中的“What makes the club more appealing is that live author interviews are hosted on Instagram monthly.(让这个俱乐部更有吸引力的是，每月作家现场访谈都会在Instagram上举行。)”以及Poppy Loves Book Club部分中的“At the end of each month, Eva’s book-lovers come together to share their thoughts—and their love of reading. (每个月末，爱娃的书迷们聚在一起分享他们的想法——以及他们对阅读的热爱。)”可知，这四个俱乐部的共同之处在于，它们都是每月举行一次，故选A。
【答案】24. B 25. C 26. B 27. C
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者被诊断为脑动脉瘤，并做了手术，术后医生建议作者开始骑自行车，这能帮助作者的大脑充满氧气，有利于作者的身体恢复。作者在丈夫的鼓励下开始骑自行车，身体得到了恢复。
【24题详解】
词句猜测题。根据上文“I was rushed to hospital and diagnosed with brain aneurysm (动脉瘤)! After emergency surgery, I lay on the bed feeling shocked and lost.(我被紧急送往医院，被诊断为脑动脉瘤！紧急手术后，我躺在床上，感到震惊和失落。)”和画线短语所在句子“Yet, I knew I had to face the music.(然而，我知道我必须……)”可知，作者被诊断了脑动脉瘤，并做了手术，虽然作者感到很震惊和失落，但是作者不得不接受这一事实，由此可知，画线短语“face the music”指的是接受事实，故选B。
【25题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段中“However, with the support of my wonderful cheerleader, Brian, my husband, I got on a bike cautiously. After only three minutes, I was tired and my hands were shaking. I felt powerless and wanted to give up, but Brian encouraged me with smiling eyes. I rode for a few minutes, stopped to rest and rode again. Little by little I could ride continuously for ten minutes! (然而，在我出色的啦啦队长布莱恩——我丈夫的支持下，我小心翼翼地骑上了自行车。 只过了三分钟，我就累了，我的手在发抖。我感到无能为力，想放弃，但布赖恩微笑着鼓励我。我骑了几分钟，停下来休息了一下，然后又骑了起来。我可以一点一点地连续骑十分钟)”可知，作者手术后第一次骑自行车很成功，故选C。
【26题详解】
细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中“I hope to one day be able to ride in another country. (我希望有一天能在另一个国家骑自行车。)”可知，作者希望将来能在国外骑行，故选B。
【27题详解】
推理判断题。通读全文，尤其是最后一段中“Biking not only restores my body but also my soul. It feels empowering to take charge of my body and life again. (骑自行车不仅恢复了我的身体，而且还恢复了我的灵魂。重新掌控自己的身体和生活让我感觉充满力量。)”可知，作者被诊断为脑动脉瘤，并做了手术，术后医生建议作者开始骑自行车，这样帮助作者的大脑充满氧气，有利于作者的身体恢复。作者在丈夫的鼓励下开始骑自行车，慢慢作者的身体恢复了。从作者的故事我们可以得知，运动是最好的良药。故选C。
【答案】28. B 29. C 30. D 31. D
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇新闻报道。文章主要介绍了河南电视台在2021年春节联欢晚会上发布了一档名为“唐宫夜宴”的神奇的舞蹈节目，这受到了海内外人们的喜爱。
【28题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段“Fourteen dancers wearing jumpsuits filled with sponge (海绵) and with special cotton in their mouths recreate the slightly fat figures of Tang Dynasty females. They line on stage with amusing facial expressions and humorous motions. Suddenly, they are surrounded by antiques and the next second, they are hanging around in the ancient masterpieces of Ten Thousand Li of Rivers and Mountains.(十四位身穿填满海绵的连衣裤，嘴里塞着特殊棉花的舞者，再现了唐朝女性略微肥胖的身材。她们在舞台上排成一排，做出有趣的面部表情和幽默的动作。突然之间，她们被古董包围，下一秒，她们就徘徊在万里江山的古代杰作之中。)”和第二段中“The magic—like dance program, namely Tang Gong Ye Yan (Night Banquet in Tang Dynasty Palace), was released in the Spring Festival gala of 2021 by Henan TV. (河南电视台在2021年春节联欢晚会上发布了一档神奇的舞蹈节目，名为“唐宫夜宴”)”以及全文可知，文章主要介绍了河南电视台在2021年春节联欢晚会上发布了一档名为“唐宫夜宴”的神奇的舞蹈节目，而第一段是对河南电视台这档春节晚会舞蹈节目的具体描述，由此可推知，第一段引起了本文的话题，故选B。
【29题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段中“The video has been watched 48.62 million times on Sina Weibo, and the view counts of related topics have passed 200 million on Tiktok by Feb 19. It has enlightened people’s passion toward the beauty of traditional culture, and consequently also spread overseas, appreciated by culture lovers around the world.(这段视频在新浪微博上被观看了4862万次，截至2月19日，Tiktok上相关话题的观看次数已超过2亿次。它启发了人们对传统文化之美的热情，并因此传播到海外，受到世界各地文化爱好者的赞赏。)”可知，这档舞蹈节目获得了全世界的认可，故选C。
【30题详解】
推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中“In his opinion, the dance, in which modern technologies such as 3D and AR are used, is a combination of rich treasures of China’s traditional culture and modern technologies, fashions and aesthetic (美学).(他认为，这个舞蹈是中国传统文化和现代科技、时尚和美学的结合，运用3D和AR等现代技术。)”可知，这档舞蹈节目运用了3D和AR等现代技术，由此可知，这档舞蹈节目是有创造力的，故选D。
【31题详解】
细节理解题。根据最后一段中“He believes traditions shouldn’t be sealed in glass boxes at museums or merely taught in the classroom, but combined with the digital world. (他认为，传统不应该被密封在博物馆的玻璃盒子里，或者仅仅在教室里教授，而应该与数字世界相结合。)”可知，陈雷认为我们应用科技重建中国的艺术，故选D。
【答案】32. A 33. C 34. A 35. D
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了一款利用熔盐溶液的原理发明的可充电电池，它便宜高效且能够长时间储存电量，文章还介绍了这款电池的诸多优点。
【32题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第一自然段最后一句话“But much of this seasonal extra electricity—which could power air conditioners in summer—is lost because batteries cannot store it long enough.(由于电池不能储存足够长的时间，这些可以在夏天为空调提供动力的季节性额外的电力，大部分都丢失了。)” 和第二自然段第二句话“In a recent paper published in Cell Reports Physical Science, they demonstrated how freezing and unfreezing a molten salt solution (熔盐溶液) creates a rechargeable battery that can store energy cheaply and efficiently for weeks or months at a time.(在最近发表在《细胞报告物理科学》上的一篇论文中，他们展示了冻结和解冻一种熔盐溶液是如何创造出一种可充电电池的，这种电池可以在几周或几个月的时间内廉价而高效地存储电量。)” 可知，研究人员发明新的电池，是为了更好地储存电量，延长持续时间。故选A项。
【33题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第三自然段最后一句话“Some rechargeable batteries can lose a third of their stored charge in a single month.(一些可充电电池可能会在一个月内损失三分之一的存储电量。)”和第四自然段“In our battery, we try to stop this condition.” When the material is solid, ions are locked in place, preventing self—discharge. Only when the material becomes liquid can ions flow through the battery, allowing it to charge or discharge.(在我们的电池中，我们试图阻止这种情况。当材料是固体时，离子被锁在原地，防止自放电。只有当材料变成液体时，离子才能流过电池，使其充电或放电。)”可知，一些可充电电池有其缺点，但是我们研发的新电池解决了以上缺点，在第四自然段中重点介绍了我们研发的新电池的优点。故选C项。
【34题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章最后一个自然段“Creating a battery that can resist repeated cycles of heating and cooling is no small task. However, we want to go through it and see how far we can take them to commercialization.” says Guosheng Li.(创造一种能够抵抗反复加热和冷却循环的电池不是一项简单的任务。然而，我们想要经历它，看看我们能把它们商业化到什么程度。李国盛说。)”可以看出，李对于这款新电池的发展充满信心。故选A项。
【35题详解】
主旨大意题。结合文章内容以及第二自然段第二句话“In a recent paper published in Cell Reports Physical Science, they demonstrated how freezing and unfreezing a molten salt solution (熔盐溶液) creates a rechargeable battery that can store energy cheaply and efficiently for weeks or months at a time.(在最近发表在《细胞报告物理科学》上的一篇论文中，他们展示了冻结和解冻一种熔盐溶液是如何创造出一种可充电电池的，这种电池可以在几周或几个月的时间内廉价而高效地存储电量。)”可知，文章主介绍了这款新型可充电电池的发明原理和其优点是能够长期存电。 D 项“Rechargeable Salt Battery Freezes Energy for Longer Storage(可充电的盐电池可冷冻能量以便长期存储电量。)”和文章内容相符，最适合做文章标题。故选D项。
河南省驻马店市2020-2021学年高二下学期期末考试试卷英语试卷
【答案】1. C 2. B 3. C
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要向父母介绍了几本可以帮助孩子在大学之前做好准备的书。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。通过文章第三段“We Are Okay by Nina LaCour (Nina LaCour写的《我们很好》)”标题下的“Keep a box of tissues on hand as you read because this short novel has a huge emotional impact on readers. (阅读时手上拿着一盒纸巾，因为这本短篇小说对读者有巨大的情感影响)”可知，We Are Okay这本书有可能感动读者。故选C项。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。通过文章第四段“Robert Franek answers over 60 of the most common questions about getting into college. (Robert Franek回答了60多个关于进入大学的最常见问题)”可知，College Admission 101给出了入学问题的答案。故选B项。
【3题详解】
推理判断题。通过文章首段“Thankfully, there are plenty of books to help your teens get ready for college. (值得庆幸的是，有很多书籍可以帮助你的孩子为上大学做准备)”可推知，这篇文章的目标人群是孩子们的父母。故选C项。
【答案】4. C 5. C 6. D 7. B
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了有史以来最大、最精致、最复杂的天文望远镜——Hubble望远镜的相关信息。
【4题详解】
主旨大意题，通过文章第二段“NASA fuels it with the largest power source we know — the sun, with two large solar panels capturing sunlight. (NASA用我们所知的最大的能量来源——太阳为它提供燃料，两个大型太阳能电池板捕捉阳光)”可知，文章的第二段主要介绍了Hubble的能量来源。故选C项。
【5题详解】
细节理解题。通过文章倒数第二段“during the fifth and final servicing mission (第五次也是最后一次维修任务)”可知，Hubble望远镜被修理了五次。故选C项。
【6题详解】
细节理解题。通过文章倒数第二段“Although it has nearly doubled its expected lifetime, with April 24, 2020 its 30th anniversary, it still remains in operation and continues to be one of the most important tools to learn about the universe. (2020年4月24日是它的30周年纪念日，虽然它的预期寿命几乎翻了一番，但它仍然在运行，仍然是了解宇宙最重要的工具之一)”可知，Hubble望远镜已经运行了超过三十周年，这比它的预期寿命几乎翻了一番，所以它的预期寿命是十五年左右。故选D项。
【7题详解】
推理判断题。通过文章最后一段“answering new puzzles requires more powerful telescopes. Its legendary life will come to an end due to the aging of its components. (解答新的谜题需要更强大的望远镜。它传奇的生命将因其组件的老化而结束)”可推知，Hubble望远镜的组件老化，将被未来的望远镜所取代。故选B项。
【答案】8. D 9. A 10. D 11. A
【解析】
【分析】本文为一篇说明文。本文介绍了美泰公司推出了一款用塑料制成的芭比娃娃新产品，以及该公司为了环保而生产的其他产品。
【8题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第一段“Mattel is launching a new line of Barbies made from plastic that would otherwise become ocean waste.（美泰公司推出了一款用塑料制成的芭比娃娃新产品，如果没有塑料，这些塑料就会变成海洋垃圾。）”可知，这种新型的芭比娃娃是由塑料制成的，这种塑料会成为海洋垃圾。故选D。
【9题详解】
词义猜测题。根据第二段“The new Barbie line is Mattel’s latest move in reaching its sustainability （可持续性）goals.（新的芭比线是美泰的最新举动达到其可持续性的目标。）”指的是达到持续性目标，因此此句话中应该指的是承诺实现目标。故选A。
【10题详解】
细节理解题。根据“Earlier, the toy company announced that it was launching a program called “Mattel Play- back”, which encourages consumers to send Mattel their old toys, and the company can reuse the materials for future Mattel products.（早些时候，这家玩具公司宣布，它正在推出一个名为“美泰播放”的项目，鼓励消费者把他们的旧玩具送给美泰公司，该公司可以在未来的美泰产品中重复使用这些材料。）”可知，成立这个项目的目的是为了重复使用材料。故选D。
【11题详解】
主旨大意题。根据文章最后一段“Mattel isn’t alone in its eco -efforts, as many large toy companies are trying to become more eco - friendly after decades of relying on environmentally destructive plastic in their products and packaging.（美泰并不是唯一一家致力于环保的公司，许多大型玩具公司在产品和包装中依赖于对环境有害的塑料数十年后，正试图变得更加环保）”可知最后一段讲的是玩具公司环保的原因。故选A。
【答案】12. A 13. B 14. A 15. B
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇新闻报道。本文主要讲述了在巴西亚马逊热带雨林，一种杂色的绢毛猴不仅面临人类的威胁，而且最近又遭到一种红掌绢毛猴的威胁。研究人员结果发现：他们通过改变叫声来消除敌意，达到和解。
【12题详解】
细节理解题。由第一段“threatened by habitat loss and urban development. But the severely endangered animals faces another enemy： the red - handed tamarin, a monkey that lives in the same region.”可知，杂色的绢毛猴的栖息地受到人类的侵占，现在一种红掌绢毛猴又来骚扰。因此杂色的绢毛猴处于困境，而A. They are in danger of dying out.（他们处于灭绝的危险中）B. They live in the urban areas.（他们生活在城区），与原文不符。C. They are competing with each other for survival.（为了生存，他们彼此竞争。）D. They are invading the red – handed tamarin's habitat.（他们侵略红掌绢毛猴）分析C，D可知只说了一方面。只有A最全面，符合语境。故选A。
【13题详解】
细节理解题。由第三段第一句“But in a recent study, scientists have discovered that the red - handed tamarin is changing its vocal calls to better communicate with the pied tamarin.” 可知，科学家跟踪发现红掌绢毛猴正在改变叫喊声来和杂色的绢毛猴更好交流。A. To engage in physical battles.（为了参加格斗）; B. To better communicate with each other.（为了彼此更好交流）; C. To make the sound louder.（为了让声音大）; D. To survive in the thick forest.（为了在森林中活下来）。结合文章可知B符合语境。故选B。
【14题详解】
文章大意题。根据全文，特别是第五段 “the scientists discovered that the red - handed tamarins, new call has a narrower bandwidth （带宽）and an increased amplitude （振幅）,making the sound clearer and the duration of the call longer. The result is a call that travels better through the thick forest.”可知，红掌绢毛猴新的叫喊声有比较窄的带宽，较高的振幅，结果让声音更清晰，在森林里更好传播。A. Monkeys change their calls to communicate with their enemy.（猴子改变他们的叫声去和敌人交流。）B. Listening plays an important role in protecting ecology.（听在保护生态方面起着重要作用。）C. The pied tamarins’habitat is occupied by their enemy.（杂色的绢毛猴的栖息地被敌人占领。）D. Habitat loss and urban development influence tamarins' survival.（栖息地的损失和城市的发展影响了绢毛猴的生存。）A符合题干意思。故选A。
【15题详解】
文章出处题。浏览全文可知这是一篇科学调查，讲述科学研究和发现。A. Entertainment.娱乐；B. Science科学；C. Education.教育；D. Health.健康。由此可知这篇文章出现在科学杂志上。故选B。
河南省驻马店市2019-2020学年高二下学期期末考试试卷英语试卷
【答案】1. B 2. C 3. B
【解析】
这是一则电影广告。文章介绍了五部让你放松的电影。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据Jessica Alba to star in ‘Trigger Warning’中Jessica Alba will star in “Trigger Warning” for the streaming service, with the film coming from director Mouly Surya, who filmed the well - received Cannes （戛纳） entry “Marlina the Murderer in Four Acts” that became Indonesia’s foreign film Oscar submission.“杰西卡·阿尔芭(Jessica Alba)将出演这家流媒体服务公司的《触发警告》(Trigger Warning)，该片由导演穆利·苏利(Mouly Surya)执导，苏利曾执导过戛纳电影节入口影片《四幕谋杀者玛琳娜》(Marlina the Murderer in Four Acts)，该片后来成为提交奥斯卡的印尼外语片。”由此可知，Mouly Surya拍了电影《四幕杀手玛琳娜。故选B。
【2题详解】
推理判断题。根据Dakota Johnson joins Olivia Wilde’s ‘Don’t Worry, Darling’中Dakota Johnson is in negotiations to join the starry ensemble （舞蹈团） of “Don’t Worry, Darling,” a psychological thriller from director Olivia Wilde.“达科塔·约翰逊(Dakota Johnson)正在商谈加入奥利维亚·王尔德(Olivia Wilde)执导的心理惊悚片《别担心，亲爱的》(Don’s Worry, Darling)的群星阵容。”由此可知，Don’t Worry, Darling是一部惊悚片。故选C。
【3题详解】
推理判断题。根据‘Little Women,’ ‘1917’ likely to hit reopened cinemas中“Little Women” and “1917” appear to be among the first titles that will hit Chinese theaters when they reopen in the wake of the COVID-19, new posters show. The two titles were scheduled for release in February, but were stopped when cinemas were shut nationwide.“新海报显示，在新冠肺炎疫情爆发后，《小妇人》和《1917》似乎是首批将登陆中国影院的影片。这两部影片原计划在2月份上映，但由于全国影院关闭而被叫停。”由此可知，《小妇人》无法按计划在中国影院上映。故选B。
【答案】4. D 5. C 6. D 7. C
【解析】
【分析】
这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者小时候不听父亲的话，用枪射杀了一只鸽子的故事。事后作者感觉非常难过，父亲安慰并教导他，这件事让作者在余生牢记父亲对他的教导。
【4题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段关键句I rushed into the brush, praying, “Oh God, please don’t let it be dead.”可知，作者祈祷不要让这只鸟死去，可推断出在得知鸟死亡后，他对自己的行为是感到后悔的。再根据第一段关键句After burying it, I hurried home and went to hide my gun in my room.可知，作者在埋葬了鸽子之后就跑回家，并把枪藏了起来，可推断出此时作者的心情是害怕的。综上所述，在意识到自己杀害了鸽子之后，作者的感觉是既害怕又后悔的。故选D项。
【5题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段关键句“The dead pigeon appeared in my mind so that I almost threw up on the plate.”可知，看到这盘鸡肉，死去的鸽子又出现在了作者的脑海中。由此可知出作者看到鸡肉后逃离，是因为这盘鸡肉让他想起了被自己杀死的鸽子。故选C项。
【6题详解】
细节理解题。根据倒数第二段关键句“What you need is to always remember how bad it felt to kill that poor bird.”可知，作者的父亲在被告知真相之后，让作者永远记住杀死这只可怜的鸟的感觉是多么糟糕。故选D项。
【7题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章内容及最后一段关键句“I would remember killing that bird along with a lot of other things for the rest of my life.”可知，作者的父亲没有批评作者，而是让作者永远记住杀死这只可怜的鸟的感觉是多么糟糕。在父亲的教导下，作者在余生都牢记这件事带给他的教训。由此可推断出，在文中，作者的父亲用独特的方式给作者上了一课。故选C项。
【点睛】细节理解题的解题方法：1. 画出题干关键词；2. 寻找文章中对应关键句；3. 分析选项，选出答案。例如本篇文章中的第二小题，题干关键词为“the dish of chicken”，浏览文章，锁定文章第二段句子“Mom finally uncovered the main dish—chicken. The dead pigeon appeared in my mind so that I almost threw up on the plate.”，根据句意可知，看到这盘鸡肉，死去的鸽子又出现在了作者的脑海中。由此可推断出作者看到鸡肉后逃离，是因为这盘鸡肉让他想起了被自己杀死的鸽子。故选C项。
【答案】8. A 9. D 10. B 11. C
【解析】
这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了生活中经常在购物上花很多钱的“购物狂”这类人，他们控制不了花钱买东西的欲望。这种成瘾行为会导致金钱问题、家庭冲突和严重的不幸。说明了“购物狂”的一些症状，以及购物成瘾的几个原因，最后提出一些解决办法。
【8题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段中However, there are some people called shopaholics, who can’t control their desire to spend money buying things. This kind of addictive behavior can lead to money problems, family conflicts, and deep unhappiness.可知然而，有一些叫做购物狂的人，他们控制不了花钱买东西的欲望。这种成瘾行为会导致金钱问题、家庭冲突和严重的不幸。以及第二段中What are the symptoms of a shopaholic People with this problem often spend hours and hours shopping on the Internet or at the mall. Their closets are full of clothing and jewelry that they have never worn, with the price tags still on them. Their homes may be filled with shopping bags and boxes that they bought but never used.可知购物狂有哪些症状？有这个问题的人经常花几个小时在网上购物或在商场购物。他们的衣橱里装满了他们从未穿戴过的衣服和珠宝，它们的价格标签还在上面。他们的家里可能装满了购物袋和购物盒，都是他们买的但从来没有用过的。由此可知，“购物狂”经常在购物上花很多钱。故选A。
【9题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段中Some of them are ashamed of their weakness and try to hide it by storing their purchases in places like the attic(阁楼), where others won’t see them.可知有些人为自己的弱点感到羞愧，试图把买的东西藏在阁楼之类的地方，这样别人就看不到了。由此可知，有些购物者把他们买的东西藏在阁楼里，因为他们为自己经常购物感到羞耻。故选D。
【10题详解】
词义猜测题。根据上文Some of them are ashamed of their weakness and try to hide以及后文by storing their purchases in places like the attic(阁楼), where others won’t see them.可知有些人为自己的弱点感到羞愧，试图把购物买来的东西藏在阁楼之类的地方，这样别人就看不到了，由此可知，it指代“购物”。故选B。
【11题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段中They can either see a counselor(顾问) or join an organization such as Shopaholics Anonymous. Groups like this try to help people understand the reasons for their addiction and learn how to control the urge to shop. Their goal is to help people find ways to fulfill themselves rather than lead to serious debt and troubled lives.可知他们可以去咨询顾问，也可以加入Shopaholics Anonymous这样的组织。像这样的组织试图帮助人们理解他们上瘾的原因，并学习如何控制购物的冲动。他们的目标是帮助人们找到实现自我的方法，而不是导致严重的债务和麻烦的生活。由此可推知，像“Shopaholics Anonymous”这样的组织打算帮助一些人控制购买欲望。故选C。
【答案】12. D 13. D 14. A 15. B
【解析】
这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了多亏了来自南卡罗来纳、瑞士和中国的科学家，一件普通的棉质T恤可以变成防弹衣。科学家们将棉花中的碳与硼结合，制造出一种坚韧、轻质的碳化硼织物，这种材料也用于保护坦克。这种新型T恤在沃尔玛有售，它不仅能防弹，还能抵抗太阳紫外线和威胁生命的放射性射线。文章还介绍了这种T恤材质——碳化硼的制作过程以及优势。
【12题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第三段中The trick for the scientists was combining melting boron with the carbon fibers inside the cotton fibers to form boron carbide. The great research began with a package of plain, white T-shirts purchased at Wal-Mart, which the scientists cut into pieces. They put those white cotton pieces into a black liquid of boron. After an hour, the cotton pieces were taken out from it and baked in an oven at a temperature of more than 1,000 degrees Celsius for an hour. As a result, only carbon and boron was left and then boron carbide came into being.可知科学家们的诀窍是将融化的硼与棉纤维中的碳纤维结合，形成碳化硼。这项伟大的研究始于在沃尔玛购买的一包普通的白色T恤，科学家们把它切成碎片。他们把这些白色的棉花片放入黑色的硼液中。一个小时后，棉球从里面取出，在1000多摄氏度的烤箱里烤了一个小时。结果，只剩下碳和硼，碳化硼就形成了。由此可知，第三段主要讲了制造新碳化硼的过程。故选D。
【13题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段The resulting material is very different from the original ones at the start of the process—it’s lighter, stronger, tougher and stiffer than the original cotton, but it can still be bent, unlike normal boron carbide armour.可知制造出来的材料与最初的材料有很大的不同——它比原来的棉花更轻、更强、更坚硬，但它仍然可以弯曲，这与普通的碳化硼装甲不同。由此可知，新材料有更多的优点。故选D。
【14题详解】
推理判断题。根据倒数第二段Li said that the physical features of the new material are still being tested, but “from our initial results we can say the test has been very, very promising.” “We expect that the material can stop a bullet,” Discovery News quoted Li as saying.可知李说，新材料的物理特性仍在测试中，但“从我们的初步结果来看，我们可以说测试非常非常有希望。”探索新闻援引李的话说：“我们希望这种材料能够防弹。”由此可推知，李晓东对新材料的态度是自信乐观的。故选A。
【15题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第一段中An ordinary cotton T- shirt can be changed into body armour(盔甲), thanks to scientists from South Carolina, Switzerland and China.可知多亏了来自南卡罗来纳、瑞士和中国的科学家，一件普通的棉质T恤可以变成防弹衣。结合文章还介绍了科学家将棉花中的碳与硼结合，制造出一种坚韧、轻质的碳化硼织物，这种材料也用于保护坦克。这种新型T恤在沃尔玛有售，它不仅能防弹，还能抵抗太阳紫外线和威胁生命的放射性射线。介绍了碳化硼的制作过程以及优势。由此可知，B选项“一件普通的T恤可以变成防弹衣”最符合文章标题，故选B。
2019-2022三年高二下学期英语期末试卷汇编
阅读理解
河南省驻马店市2021-2022学年高二下学期期末考试试卷英语试卷
第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的（A、B、C和D）四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
During the COVID-19 pandemic, online book clubs grow in popularity as everyone is stuck at home. If you’re looking for some new reading inspiration, these are the clubs you should know about.
Our Shared Shelf
Must—read books like The Beauty Myth by Naomi Wolf are shared in Our Shared Shelf. This club was founded in 2016 by actor Emma Watson as part of her work with UN women. Held each month, it focuses on literature that explores the rights of women.
Between Two Books
Between Two Books was set up by Florence Welch’s fans way back in 2012, and the singer immediately threw her full support behind this lit—loving community, recommending her favorite titles. Every month, the club hosts guest recommendations from artists, musicians, writers and directors.
Belletrist
Belletrist is the creation of two best friends Emma Roberts and Karah Preiss who have been sharing their love of reading for over ten years. Each month Emma Roberts and Karah Preiss search through hundreds of new releases to find the five best books hitting the shelves and share them. What makes the club more appealing is that live author interviews are hosted on Instagram monthly.
Poppy Loves Book Club
Run by Eva Witherspoon, this women—only club serves as an umbrella community, joining together hundreds of local book clubs from all corners of the world. At the end of each month, Eva’s book-lovers come together to share their thoughts—and their love of reading. Whatever topics that are closely related to women can be talked freely.
21. Who founded the club Our Shared Shelf
A. Naomi Wolf. B. Eva Witherspoon. C. Emma Roberts. D. Emma Watson.
22. Which club provides live author interviews
A. Our Shared Shelf. B. Between Two Books.
C. Belletrist. D. Poppy Loves Book Club.
23. What do the four clubs have in common
A. They are held on a monthly basis. B. They are hosted on Instagram.
C. They host guest recommendations. D. They only allow women to join.
B
Before the dark cloud cast a shadow over my life, I was a 39-year-old woman who enjoyed traveling, listening to jazz music and reading. Then my whole life changed. On November 10th 2019, I awoke from sleep with the worst headache of my life. I was rushed to hospital and diagnosed with brain aneurysm (动脉瘤)! After emergency surgery, I lay on the bed feeling shocked and lost. Yet, I knew I had to face the music.
Nine months later, my doctor recommended I start cycling to help flood my brain with oxygen, which benefited my physical recovery. I hadn’t used one in almost two decades, so I was scared. However, with the support of my wonderful cheerleader, Brian, my husband, I got on a bike cautiously. After only three minutes, I was tired and my hands were shaking. I felt powerless and wanted to give up, but Brian encouraged me with smiling eyes. I rode for a few minutes, stopped to rest and rode again. Little by little I could ride continuously for ten minutes! My husband joked I deserved the first prize!
Now, I ride whenever I have the energy. Usually, I get on the bike a few times a week. Last year I participated in a benefit ride for the local school. I enjoy traveling internationally, but haven’t had the opportunity to do so since my surgeries. I hope to one day be able to ride in another country. Until then, though, I’ll participate annually in the Good Old Summertime Classic and continue my local routes.
Biking not only restores my body but also my soul. It feels empowering to take charge of my body and life again. I know I will ride on.
24. What does the underlined phrase “face the music” in paragraph 1 refer to :
A. Enjoy jazz music. B. Accept the fact. C. Lose the feeling. D. Have the surgery.
25. How was the author’s first biking after the surgery
A. She quit halfway. B. She felt disappointed.
C. She made it. D. She got the first prize.
26. What does the author expect to do for the future
A. To help the local school. B. To go cycling abroad.
C. To have enough energy. D. To participate in local routes.
27. What can we learn from the author’s story
A. One is never too old to learn. B. Love breaks down barriers.
C. Exercise is the best medicine. D. Happiness lies in good health.
C
Fourteen dancers wearing jumpsuits filled with sponge (海绵) and with special cotton in their mouths recreate the slightly fat figures of Tang Dynasty females. They line on stage with amusing facial expressions and humorous motions. Suddenly they are surrounded by antiques and the next second, they are hanging around in the ancient masterpieces of Ten Thousand Li of Rivers and Mountains.
Like in a dream, audiences travelled back with the dancers to the wealthy Tang Dynasty. The magic—like dance program, namely Tang Gong Ye Yan (Night Banquet in Tang Dynasty Palace), was released in the Spring Festival gala of 2021 by Henan TV. The video has been watched 48.62 million times on Sina Weibo, and the view counts of related topics have passed 200 million on Tiktok by Feb 19. It has enlightened people’s passion toward the beauty of traditional culture, and consequently also spread overseas, appreciated by culture lovers around the world.
The dance has become a representation of guochao, which expresses the rise of China’s native fashion trends. A group of young artists have begun to try to demonstrate traditional Chinese culture in different ways. One of the pioneers is Chen Lei, director of the gala. In his opinion, the dance, in which modern technologies such as 3D and AR are used, is a combination of rich treasures of China’s traditional culture and modern technologies, fashions and aesthetic (美学).
Chen told the Global Times that with the development of China, Chinese young people feel more confident to promote Chinese trends to the international stage. He believes traditions shouldn’t be sealed in glass boxes at museums or merely taught in the classroom, but combined with the digital world. Otherwise, the inheritance (传承) of traditions would be artificial and empty.
28. What does the author intend to do in the first paragraph
A. To provide an example. B. To introduce the topic.
C. To add background information. D. To analyze the dancers’ difficulties.
29. What can you infer about the dance program from paragraph 2
A. It promotes tourism in China. B. It takes advantage of the Internet.
C. It wins world—wide recognition. D. It popularizes short video platforms.
30. Which of the following words best describes the dance program
A. Traditional. B. Vivid. C. Complex. D. Creative.
31. What should we do about Chinese traditions according to Chen
A. Preserve them at museums. B. Teach them at schools.
C. Introduce them to young people. D. Recreate them with technology.
D
During spring in the Pacific Northwest, meltwater rushes down rivers and the wind often blows hard. These forces spin the region’s many power turbines (涡轮机) and generate electricity at a time of mild temperatures and relatively low energy demand. But much of this seasonal extra electricity—which could power air conditioners in summer—is lost because batteries cannot store it long enough.
Researchers at Pacific Northwest National Laboratory (PNNL), a Department of Energy National Laboratory in Richland, Wash, are developing a battery that might solve this problem. In a recent paper published in Cell Reports Physical Science, they demonstrated how freezing and unfreezing a molten salt solution (熔盐溶液) creates a rechargeable battery that can store energy cheaply and efficiently for weeks or months at a time. This will be an outcome that is significant toward renewable energy.
Most conventional batteries store energy as chemical reactions waiting to happen. When the battery is connected to a circuit, electrons travel from one side of the battery to the other, generating electricity. To compensate for the change, charged ions (离子) move through the solid material that separates the two sides of the battery. But even when the battery is not in use, the ions gradually move across this material. As that happens, the battery loses energy. Some rechargeable batteries can lose a third of their stored charge in a single month.
“In our battery, we try to stop this condition.” says PNNL researcher Guosheng Li, “The material inside the battery is made of a salt solution that is solid at normal temperatures but becomes liquid when heated to 180℃. When the material is solid, ions are locked in place, preventing self—discharge. Only when the material becomes liquid can ions flow through the battery, allowing it to charge or discharge.”
“Creating a battery that can resist repeated cycles of heating and cooling is no small task. However, we want to go through it and see how far we can take them to commercialization.” says Guosheng Li.
32. Why do the researchers develop the new battery
A. To extend the duration time. B. To protect the environment.
C To cut the cost of the battery. D. To generate more electricity.
33 What does paragraph 4 mainly tell us about the new chargeable battery
A. Its complex design. B. Its required temperature.
C. Its major advantage. D. Its potential market.
34. Which word best describes Li’s attitude towards the new battery
A. Confident. B. Cautious. C. Conservative. D. Skeptical.
35. What may be the best title for the text
A. Exploring the Future of Rechargeable Batteries.
B. Researching Ways to Promote Rechargeable Batteries.
C. New Technology Replaces Conventional Batteries in the Market.
D. Rechargeable Salt Battery Freezes Energy for Longer Storage.
河南省驻马店市2020-2021学年高二下学期期末考试试卷英语试卷
第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
Help Get Teens Ready for College
College is an exciting time and place for young adults, but it can also be disturbing. Thankfully, there are plenty of books to help your teens get ready for college.
Every Body Looking by Candice Hoh
Going to college means that Ada will be living away from her family for the first time in her life. The distance gives her anxiety, but breathing room, too. She has the opportunity to reflect on her upbringing, ,her family's expectations, and what she wants for herself.
We Are Okay by Nina LaCour
Keep a box of tissues on hand as you read because this short novel has a huge emotional impact on readers. Suffering from grief, Marin left her old life behind when she went to college. During a solitary winter break in her dorm room, an old friend comes to visit. Seeing her friend forces Marin to face the sufferings from her past and find a way to heal.
College Admission 101 by The Princeton Review and Robert Franek
Education expert and editor-in-chief of The Princeton Review shares his knowledge of the college admission process in this Q&A style guidebook. From choosing extra - curricular activities to securing financial aid, Robert Franek answers over 60 of the most common questions about getting into college.
Anxiety Relief for Teens by Regine Galanti, Ph. D.
There's no question that today's teens suffer from increasing amounts of anxiety. Going to college during a pandemic could make it worse. Help your teens manage their stress and get into a healthier mindset with this book's tips and advice.
1. Which of the following books will probably move you
A. College Admission 101 B. Every Body Looking
C. We Are Okay D. Anxiety Relief for Teens
2. What can we learn about College Admission 101
A. It introduces an. education expert. B. It gives answers to admission questions.
C. It offers some ways to reduce stress. D. It helps know more about ourselves.
3. Who is the article mainly intended for
A. Students. B. Teachers. C. Parents. D. Managers.
B
Have you ever wanted to take a closer look at the stars and see some of the coolest parts of our universe Then you'll need a telescope, a big one.
The Hubble Space Telescope is the biggest, the most delicate and the most complex astronomical telescope ever. Hubble is eight feet across and 44 feet long and it weighs more than 25, 000 pounds. So it is much bigger than any telescope that you've ever used from your backyard. It orbits the earth at an altitude of 600 kilometers. NASA fuels it with the largest power source we know — the sun, with two large solar panels capturing sunlight. The Hubble Space Telescope is not only big in size and low on energy. It's also fast. It travels around the Earth at about 28,000 kilometers per hour, so about 17,398 miles per hour. And it orbits the earth every hour and a half. At this rate, Hubble could travel- from Los Angeles to Boston in about ten minutes.
Hubble is the only telescope designed to be maintained in space by astronauts. A series of space shuttle missions have repaired, upgraded, and replaced systems on the telescope, including all four of the main instruments; a brand — new set of cameras and spectrographs (摄谱仪) was installed in Hubble during the fifth and final servicing mission, which was completed in 2009. Although it has nearly doubled its expected lifetime, with April 24, 2020 its 30th anniversary, it still remains in operation and continues to be one of the most important tools to learn about the universe.
Hubble has made countless discoveries during its service, and answering new puzzles requires more powerful telescopes. Its legendary life will come to an end due to the aging of its components. One of Hubble's greatest legacies (遗产) is not just to answer questions about the universe but also to open up new mysteries that we can solve with future telescopes.
4. What is introduced about Hubble in paragraph 2
A. Its future. B. Its launch time.
C. Its energy source. D. Its servicing mission.
5. How many times has Hubble been repaired
A. Three times. B. Four times. C. Five times. D. Six times.
6. How long is Hubble originally expected to work
A. 30 years. B. 24 years. C. 20 years. D. 15 years.
7. What can be inferred about Hubble from the last paragraph
A. Hubble will be repaired for another time.
B. Hubble will be replaced by future telescopes.
C. Hubble fails to help observe farther galaxies.
D. Hubble keeps on performing remarkably well.
C
Mattel is launching a new line of Barbies made from plastic that would otherwise become ocean waste. The "Barbie Loves the Ocean” collection, which has a summer theme, comes with three dolls （each $ 10） and a beach cabin play set （ $ 20）,. As part of Barbie's vlog （视频博客） series on YouTube, Mattel will pair the dolls' release with a new video called "Barbie Shares How We can All Protect the Planet.
The new Barbie line is Mattel's latest move in reaching its sustainability （可持续性）goals. The 76 - year - old toy company previously pledged to using 100% recycled, recyclable or bio - based plastic materials across all of its products and packaging by 2030. 4
Mattel isn't alone in its eco -efforts, as many large toy companies are trying to become more eco - friendly after decades of relying on environmentally destructive plastic in their products and packaging. Finding alternatives to plastic is crucial to deal with climate change , and adopting “eco - friendly" marketing and products is important for companies as consumers are increasingly conscious about how their choices affect the planet.
8. What can we know about the new Barbie products from paragraph 1
A. They will be sold on YouTube. B. They will be released in summer.
C. They are cheaper than previous products. D. They are made from ocean - bound plastic.
9. Which of the following can replace the underlined word “pledged' in paragraph 2
A. Committed. B. Adapted. C. Objected. D. Turned.
10. Why did Mattel launch the program "Mattel Playback”
A. To reach their sales target. B. To develop more new brands.
C. To reduce production costs. D. To recycle plastic materials.
11. What does the last paragraph mainly talk about
A. The reason for toy companies to be eco - friendly.
B. The way of toy companies' dealing with climate change.
C. The environmental impact of plastic products.
D. The attitude of consumers towards plastic products.
D
In the Brazilian Amazon, a species of monkey called the pied tamarin（绢毛猴）is fighting for survival, threatened by habitat loss and urban development. But the severely endangered animals faces another enemy： the red - handed tamarin, a monkey that lives in the same region.
They compete for the same resources, and the red - handed tamarinds habitat range is expanding into that of the pied tamarins'. Their conflicts sometimes end in violent argument.
But in a recent study, scientists have discovered that the red - handed tamarin is changing its vocal calls to better communicate with the pied tamarin. Tainara Sobroza, an ecology Ph. D. student who worked on the study, says these calls are used to warn other species that they are invading their territory, or coming too close to a crucial survival resource. "When this happens the two species usually engage in vocal battles," she says, which sometimes prevent the violent physical battles between the two species.
Researchers compared the change in calls to speaking with an accent, "They might need to say 'tomahto' instead of 'tomato — that's the kind of delicate difference in the accent, so that they can really understand each other," Jacob Dunn, a professor of evolutionary biology who worked on the study, told The Guardian.
When analyzing the vocal call of both species, the scientists discovered that the red - handed tamarins, new call has a narrower bandwidth （带宽）and an increased amplitude （振幅）,making the sound clearer and the duration of the call longer. The result is a call that travels better through the thick forest.
The hope is that this work will help conservationists to better design reserves and other survival chances for the pied tamarins. And because these two species are so rarely seen physically in the same space, listening is one way to do that work. "We don't have to actually see," Sabroza says. "We can hear the ecological interaction. "
12. What do we know about the pied tamarins
A. They are in danger of dying out.
B. They live in the urban areas.
C. They are competing with each other for survival.
D. They are invading the red - handed tamarin's habitat.
13. What is the purpose of the change in calls according to the survey
A. To engage in physical battles. B. To better communicate with each other.
C To make the sound louder. D. To survive in the thick forest.
14. What is the text mainly about
A. Monkeys change their calls to communicate with their enemy.
B. Listening plays an important role in protecting ecology.
C. The pied tamarins, habitat is occupied by their enemy.
D. Habitat loss and urban development influence tamarins' survival .
15. Which section of a newspaper is this text probably from
A. Entertainment. B. Science. C. Education. D. Health.
河南省驻马店市2019-2020学年高二下学期期末考试试卷英语试卷
第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）
阅读下列短文,从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
Good News to Relax Yourself
Warner Bros. to release’Dark Knight’in HK
Hong Kong film fans are in for a treat as Warner Bros has announced it will release Christopher Nolan’s iconic“The Dark Knight” trilogy （三部曲） into theaters for a limited time.
Jessica Alba to star in ‘Trigger Warning’
Jessica Alba will star in “Trigger Warning” for the streaming service with the film coming from director Mouly Surya, who filmed the well - received Cannes （戛纳） entry “Marlina the Murderer in Four Acts” that became Indonesia’s foreign film Oscar submission.
Danny Boyle to direct’ Methuselah’
Danny Boyle，who won an Oscar for directing“Slumdog Millionaire,” is stepping in to Michael B. Jordan’s “Methuselah” working again with his “Slumdog” screenwriter Simon Beaufoy who will rewrite the script.
‘Little Women,’ ‘1917’ likely to hit reopened cinemas
“Little Women” and “1917” appear to be among the first titles that will hit Chinese theaters when they reopen in the wake of the COVID-19, new posters show. The two titles were scheduled for release in February, but were stopped when cinemas were shut nationwide.
Dakota Johnson joins Olivia Wilde’s ‘Don’t Worry, Darling’
Dakota Johnson is in negotiations to join the starry ensemble （舞蹈团） of “Don’t Worry, Darling,” a psychological thriller from director Olivia Wilde.
1. Who made the film “Marlina the Murderer in Four Acts”
A. Jessica Alba B. Mouly Surya
C. Danny Boyle D. Olivia Wilde
2. Which of the following films is a thriller
A. The Dark Knight B. Little Women
C. Don’t Worry, Darling D. Slumdog Millionaire
3. What can we learn from the passage
A. All film fans can enjoy “the Dark Knight” for a scheduled time.
B. “Little Women” couldn’t be on in Chinese theaters as planned.
C. Jessica Alba intends to play a role in the film “Methuselah”.
D. Dakota Johnson is unwilling to work with director Olivia Wilde.
B
The bird dropped like a rock. Before lowering the gun, I realized what I’d done—I’d killed my first animal. I rushed into the brush, praying, “Oh God, please don’t let it be dead.” The pigeon lay there with blood out of its beak (喙), feathers scattered about and its head bent lifelessly to the side. After burying it, I hurried home and went to hide my gun in my room.
I was dead silent at dinner. I felt as though every time I lowered my head, Dad was looking at me, but whenever I stole a glance in his direction, he seemed simply to be paying attention to his food. Mom finally uncovered the main dish—chicken. The dead pigeon appeared in my mind so that I almost threw up on the plate. Pushing my chair back and I ran to my room. My head buried in my pillow, I felt Dad rubbing my back. My tears slowly disappeared and I cleared my throat. “I shot a pigeon today,” “Oh ” my father replied, his expression unchanging.” And how did it feel ” “It felt... awful,” I answered.
“I’m sure it did. That’s one of the reasons I said you shouldn’t shoot birds.” I glanced at him,” Are you going to punish me ”
“Well, you misused your BB gun, and you disobeyed me. What you need is to always remember how bad it felt to kill that poor bird. Somehow, I think you will. ”And, patting me on the shoulder, he said, “Now let’s go to get dinner.”
Little did I know that my father was right before this. I would remember killing that bird along with a lot of other things for the rest of my life.
4. How did the author feel just after realizing having killed the bird
A. Upset and despair. B. Delighted and proud.
C. Tired and sad. D. Scared and regretful.
5. Why did the author run away when seeing the dish of chicken
A. He had something urgent to do.
B. He didn’t like chicken at all.
C. He thought of the killed bird.
D. He was afraid to face his parents.
6. What did the father do after being told the truth
A. To take away the author’s gun.
B. To criticize the author seriously.
C. To require the author to obey him forever.
D. To ask the author to remember killing the bird.
7. What do we know about the author’s father
A He was satisfied to see the author hide his gun.
B. He didn’t want the author to waste time playing.
C. He used his special way to teach the author a lesson.
D. He was tolerant of any of the author’s mistakes.
C
Wherever we look, we see advertisements that attract us to buy. In today’s society, we are under pressure to constant shop. Of course, most people only buy what they need and what they can afford. However, there are some people called shopaholics, who can’t control their desire to spend money buying things. This kind of addictive behavior can lead to money problems, family conflicts, and deep unhappiness.
What are the symptoms of a shopaholic People with this problem often spend hours and hours shopping on the Internet or at the mall. Their closets are full of clothing and jewelry that they have never worn, with the price tags still on them. Their homes may be filled with shopping bags and boxes that they bought but never used. Many shopaholics are aware of their own problems, but when they go to a store, they simply can’t resist the urge to buy. Some of them are ashamed of their weakness and try to hide it by storing their purchases in places like the attic(阁楼), where others won’t see them.
Psychologists think there are several reasons for a shopping addiction. For some people, it is a way of reducing stress. For others, shopping is a way to fight loneliness or depression. For people with less confidence, shopping can be a way that they prove their self-worth. Sometimes the problem develops out of boredom. It replaces other hobbies and interests to help kill the time. Although shopping can temporarily make people feel good. they often feel ashamed and guilty later.
When shopping habits get out of control, people need professional help. They can either see a counselor(顾问) or join an organization such as Shopaholics Anonymous. Groups like this try to help people understand the reasons for their addiction and learn how to control the urge to shop. Their goal is to help people find ways to fulfill themselves rather than lead to serious debt and troubled lives.
8. What are “shopaholics” like according to the passage
A. They often spend plenty of money in shopping. B. They are proud of spending much money.
C. They are addicted to collecting shopping bags. D. They fail to realize their desire to shop constantly.
9. Why do some shoppers hide their purchases in the attic
A. They treasure what they have bought. B. They want to give their family a surprise.
C. They are afraid of being regarded as thieves. D. They are ashamed of their own constant shopping.
10. What does the underlined word “it” in Paragraph 3 refer to
A. Money. B. Shopping. C. Stress. D. Self-worth.
11. What are groups like “Shopaholics Anonymous” intended to do
A. To encourage people to overcome their bad feelings.
B. To seek professional help in window shopping.
C. To help control some people’s desire to purchase.
D. To call on more people to get rid of their bad habits.
D
An ordinary cotton T- shirt can be changed into body armour(盔甲), thanks to scientists from South Carolina, Switzerland and China. They combined the carbon in the cotton with boron to create a tough, lightweight fabric of boron carbide(碳化硼), the same material used to protect tanks.
Available at Wal-Mart, the new T- shirt would be not only bulletproof, but also resistant to ultraviolet light from the sun and life -threatening radioactive rays.
“The present armour is strong, but it’s not flexible and it’s very heavy. We tried to solve this problem with a different approach. In our approach, we used cotton T- shirts,” said Xiaodong Li, a scientist at the University of South Carolina. The trick for the scientists was combining melting boron with the carbon fibers inside the cotton fibers to form boron carbide. The great research began with a package of plain, white T-shirts purchased at Wal-Mart, which the scientists cut into pieces. They put those white cotton pieces into a black liquid of boron. After an hour, the cotton pieces were taken out from it and baked in an oven at a temperature of more than 1,000 degrees Celsius for an hour. As a result, only carbon and boron was left and then boron carbide came into being.
The resulting material is very different from the original ones at the start of the process—it’s lighter, stronger, tougher and stiffer than the original cotton, but it can still be bent, unlike normal boron carbide armour.
Li said that the physical features of the new material are still being tested, but “from our initial results we can say the test has been very, very promising.” “We expect that the material can stop a bullet,” Discovery News quoted Li as saying.
Covering cars or aircraft with cotton-based boron carbide, instead of the metal used today, would make these vehicles much lighter and more fuel- saving.
12. What does Paragraph 3 mainly talk about
A. The features of new boron carbide. B. The advantages of new boron carbide.
C. The disadvantages of former boron carbide. D. The process of making new boron carbide.
13. What can we know from the text
A. Many T- shirts are used to produce new materials.
B. The new T- shirts must be popular with children.
C. The new boron carbide contains many chemicals.
D. The new material has more advantages.
14. What’s Li Xiaodong’s attitude towards the new material
A. Confident. B. Negative. C. Neutral. D. Ambiguous.
15. What might be the best title for the passage
A. Traditional T-shirts are out of date. B. An ordinary T- shirt can become body armour.
C. New boron carbide has been widely used. D. Cotton- based boron carbide will easily change our life.
答案：
河南省驻马店市2021-2022学年高二下学期期末考试试卷英语试卷
【答案】21. D 22. C 23. A
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了几个在线图书俱乐部。
【21题详解】
细节理解题。根据Our Shared Shelf部分中的“This club was founded in 2016 by actor Emma Watson as part of her work with UN women.(这个俱乐部是由演员Emma Watson在2016年创立的，这作为她与联合国妇女组织合作的一部分。)”可知，Emma Watson创立了Our Shared Shelf俱乐部，故选D。
【22题详解】
细节理解题。根据Belletrist部分中“What makes the club more appealing is that live author interviews are hosted on Instagram monthly.(让这个俱乐部更有吸引力的是，每月作家现场访谈都会在Instagram上举行。)”可知，Belletrist俱乐部提供作者现场采访，故选C。
【23题详解】
细节理解题。根据Our Shared Shelf部分中的“Held each month, it focuses on literature that explores the rights of women.(每月举行一次，重点是探讨妇女权利的文学作品。)”，Between Two Books部分中的“Every month, the club hosts guest recommendations from artists, musicians, writers and directors.(每个月，俱乐部都会接待来自艺术家、音乐家、作家和导演的推荐嘉宾。)”，Belletrist部分中的“What makes the club more appealing is that live author interviews are hosted on Instagram monthly.(让这个俱乐部更有吸引力的是，每月作家现场访谈都会在Instagram上举行。)”以及Poppy Loves Book Club部分中的“At the end of each month, Eva’s book-lovers come together to share their thoughts—and their love of reading. (每个月末，爱娃的书迷们聚在一起分享他们的想法——以及他们对阅读的热爱。)”可知，这四个俱乐部的共同之处在于，它们都是每月举行一次，故选A。
【答案】24. B 25. C 26. B 27. C
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者被诊断为脑动脉瘤，并做了手术，术后医生建议作者开始骑自行车，这能帮助作者的大脑充满氧气，有利于作者的身体恢复。作者在丈夫的鼓励下开始骑自行车，身体得到了恢复。
【24题详解】
词句猜测题。根据上文“I was rushed to hospital and diagnosed with brain aneurysm (动脉瘤)! After emergency surgery, I lay on the bed feeling shocked and lost.(我被紧急送往医院，被诊断为脑动脉瘤！紧急手术后，我躺在床上，感到震惊和失落。)”和画线短语所在句子“Yet, I knew I had to face the music.(然而，我知道我必须……)”可知，作者被诊断了脑动脉瘤，并做了手术，虽然作者感到很震惊和失落，但是作者不得不接受这一事实，由此可知，画线短语“face the music”指的是接受事实，故选B。
【25题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段中“However, with the support of my wonderful cheerleader, Brian, my husband, I got on a bike cautiously. After only three minutes, I was tired and my hands were shaking. I felt powerless and wanted to give up, but Brian encouraged me with smiling eyes. I rode for a few minutes, stopped to rest and rode again. Little by little I could ride continuously for ten minutes! (然而，在我出色的啦啦队长布莱恩——我丈夫的支持下，我小心翼翼地骑上了自行车。 只过了三分钟，我就累了，我的手在发抖。我感到无能为力，想放弃，但布赖恩微笑着鼓励我。我骑了几分钟，停下来休息了一下，然后又骑了起来。我可以一点一点地连续骑十分钟)”可知，作者手术后第一次骑自行车很成功，故选C。
【26题详解】
细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中“I hope to one day be able to ride in another country. (我希望有一天能在另一个国家骑自行车。)”可知，作者希望将来能在国外骑行，故选B。
【27题详解】
推理判断题。通读全文，尤其是最后一段中“Biking not only restores my body but also my soul. It feels empowering to take charge of my body and life again. (骑自行车不仅恢复了我的身体，而且还恢复了我的灵魂。重新掌控自己的身体和生活让我感觉充满力量。)”可知，作者被诊断为脑动脉瘤，并做了手术，术后医生建议作者开始骑自行车，这样帮助作者的大脑充满氧气，有利于作者的身体恢复。作者在丈夫的鼓励下开始骑自行车，慢慢作者的身体恢复了。从作者的故事我们可以得知，运动是最好的良药。故选C。
【答案】28. B 29. C 30. D 31. D
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇新闻报道。文章主要介绍了河南电视台在2021年春节联欢晚会上发布了一档名为“唐宫夜宴”的神奇的舞蹈节目，这受到了海内外人们的喜爱。
【28题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段“Fourteen dancers wearing jumpsuits filled with sponge (海绵) and with special cotton in their mouths recreate the slightly fat figures of Tang Dynasty females. They line on stage with amusing facial expressions and humorous motions. Suddenly, they are surrounded by antiques and the next second, they are hanging around in the ancient masterpieces of Ten Thousand Li of Rivers and Mountains.(十四位身穿填满海绵的连衣裤，嘴里塞着特殊棉花的舞者，再现了唐朝女性略微肥胖的身材。她们在舞台上排成一排，做出有趣的面部表情和幽默的动作。突然之间，她们被古董包围，下一秒，她们就徘徊在万里江山的古代杰作之中。)”和第二段中“The magic—like dance program, namely Tang Gong Ye Yan (Night Banquet in Tang Dynasty Palace), was released in the Spring Festival gala of 2021 by Henan TV. (河南电视台在2021年春节联欢晚会上发布了一档神奇的舞蹈节目，名为“唐宫夜宴”)”以及全文可知，文章主要介绍了河南电视台在2021年春节联欢晚会上发布了一档名为“唐宫夜宴”的神奇的舞蹈节目，而第一段是对河南电视台这档春节晚会舞蹈节目的具体描述，由此可推知，第一段引起了本文的话题，故选B。
【29题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段中“The video has been watched 48.62 million times on Sina Weibo, and the view counts of related topics have passed 200 million on Tiktok by Feb 19. It has enlightened people’s passion toward the beauty of traditional culture, and consequently also spread overseas, appreciated by culture lovers around the world.(这段视频在新浪微博上被观看了4862万次，截至2月19日，Tiktok上相关话题的观看次数已超过2亿次。它启发了人们对传统文化之美的热情，并因此传播到海外，受到世界各地文化爱好者的赞赏。)”可知，这档舞蹈节目获得了全世界的认可，故选C。
【30题详解】
推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中“In his opinion, the dance, in which modern technologies such as 3D and AR are used, is a combination of rich treasures of China’s traditional culture and modern technologies, fashions and aesthetic (美学).(他认为，这个舞蹈是中国传统文化和现代科技、时尚和美学的结合，运用3D和AR等现代技术。)”可知，这档舞蹈节目运用了3D和AR等现代技术，由此可知，这档舞蹈节目是有创造力的，故选D。
【31题详解】
细节理解题。根据最后一段中“He believes traditions shouldn’t be sealed in glass boxes at museums or merely taught in the classroom, but combined with the digital world. (他认为，传统不应该被密封在博物馆的玻璃盒子里，或者仅仅在教室里教授，而应该与数字世界相结合。)”可知，陈雷认为我们应用科技重建中国的艺术，故选D。
【答案】32. A 33. C 34. A 35. D
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了一款利用熔盐溶液的原理发明的可充电电池，它便宜高效且能够长时间储存电量，文章还介绍了这款电池的诸多优点。
【32题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第一自然段最后一句话“But much of this seasonal extra electricity—which could power air conditioners in summer—is lost because batteries cannot store it long enough.(由于电池不能储存足够长的时间，这些可以在夏天为空调提供动力的季节性额外的电力，大部分都丢失了。)” 和第二自然段第二句话“In a recent paper published in Cell Reports Physical Science, they demonstrated how freezing and unfreezing a molten salt solution (熔盐溶液) creates a rechargeable battery that can store energy cheaply and efficiently for weeks or months at a time.(在最近发表在《细胞报告物理科学》上的一篇论文中，他们展示了冻结和解冻一种熔盐溶液是如何创造出一种可充电电池的，这种电池可以在几周或几个月的时间内廉价而高效地存储电量。)” 可知，研究人员发明新的电池，是为了更好地储存电量，延长持续时间。故选A项。
【33题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第三自然段最后一句话“Some rechargeable batteries can lose a third of their stored charge in a single month.(一些可充电电池可能会在一个月内损失三分之一的存储电量。)”和第四自然段“In our battery, we try to stop this condition.” When the material is solid, ions are locked in place, preventing self—discharge. Only when the material becomes liquid can ions flow through the battery, allowing it to charge or discharge.(在我们的电池中，我们试图阻止这种情况。当材料是固体时，离子被锁在原地，防止自放电。只有当材料变成液体时，离子才能流过电池，使其充电或放电。)”可知，一些可充电电池有其缺点，但是我们研发的新电池解决了以上缺点，在第四自然段中重点介绍了我们研发的新电池的优点。故选C项。
【34题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章最后一个自然段“Creating a battery that can resist repeated cycles of heating and cooling is no small task. However, we want to go through it and see how far we can take them to commercialization.” says Guosheng Li.(创造一种能够抵抗反复加热和冷却循环的电池不是一项简单的任务。然而，我们想要经历它，看看我们能把它们商业化到什么程度。李国盛说。)”可以看出，李对于这款新电池的发展充满信心。故选A项。
【35题详解】
主旨大意题。结合文章内容以及第二自然段第二句话“In a recent paper published in Cell Reports Physical Science, they demonstrated how freezing and unfreezing a molten salt solution (熔盐溶液) creates a rechargeable battery that can store energy cheaply and efficiently for weeks or months at a time.(在最近发表在《细胞报告物理科学》上的一篇论文中，他们展示了冻结和解冻一种熔盐溶液是如何创造出一种可充电电池的，这种电池可以在几周或几个月的时间内廉价而高效地存储电量。)”可知，文章主介绍了这款新型可充电电池的发明原理和其优点是能够长期存电。 D 项“Rechargeable Salt Battery Freezes Energy for Longer Storage(可充电的盐电池可冷冻能量以便长期存储电量。)”和文章内容相符，最适合做文章标题。故选D项。
河南省驻马店市2020-2021学年高二下学期期末考试试卷英语试卷
【答案】1. C 2. B 3. C
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要向父母介绍了几本可以帮助孩子在大学之前做好准备的书。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。通过文章第三段“We Are Okay by Nina LaCour (Nina LaCour写的《我们很好》)”标题下的“Keep a box of tissues on hand as you read because this short novel has a huge emotional impact on readers. (阅读时手上拿着一盒纸巾，因为这本短篇小说对读者有巨大的情感影响)”可知，We Are Okay这本书有可能感动读者。故选C项。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。通过文章第四段“Robert Franek answers over 60 of the most common questions about getting into college. (Robert Franek回答了60多个关于进入大学的最常见问题)”可知，College Admission 101给出了入学问题的答案。故选B项。
【3题详解】
推理判断题。通过文章首段“Thankfully, there are plenty of books to help your teens get ready for college. (值得庆幸的是，有很多书籍可以帮助你的孩子为上大学做准备)”可推知，这篇文章的目标人群是孩子们的父母。故选C项。
【答案】4. C 5. C 6. D 7. B
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了有史以来最大、最精致、最复杂的天文望远镜——Hubble望远镜的相关信息。
【4题详解】
主旨大意题，通过文章第二段“NASA fuels it with the largest power source we know — the sun, with two large solar panels capturing sunlight. (NASA用我们所知的最大的能量来源——太阳为它提供燃料，两个大型太阳能电池板捕捉阳光)”可知，文章的第二段主要介绍了Hubble的能量来源。故选C项。
【5题详解】
细节理解题。通过文章倒数第二段“during the fifth and final servicing mission (第五次也是最后一次维修任务)”可知，Hubble望远镜被修理了五次。故选C项。
【6题详解】
细节理解题。通过文章倒数第二段“Although it has nearly doubled its expected lifetime, with April 24, 2020 its 30th anniversary, it still remains in operation and continues to be one of the most important tools to learn about the universe. (2020年4月24日是它的30周年纪念日，虽然它的预期寿命几乎翻了一番，但它仍然在运行，仍然是了解宇宙最重要的工具之一)”可知，Hubble望远镜已经运行了超过三十周年，这比它的预期寿命几乎翻了一番，所以它的预期寿命是十五年左右。故选D项。
【7题详解】
推理判断题。通过文章最后一段“answering new puzzles requires more powerful telescopes. Its legendary life will come to an end due to the aging of its components. (解答新的谜题需要更强大的望远镜。它传奇的生命将因其组件的老化而结束)”可推知，Hubble望远镜的组件老化，将被未来的望远镜所取代。故选B项。
【答案】8. D 9. A 10. D 11. A
【解析】
【分析】本文为一篇说明文。本文介绍了美泰公司推出了一款用塑料制成的芭比娃娃新产品，以及该公司为了环保而生产的其他产品。
【8题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第一段“Mattel is launching a new line of Barbies made from plastic that would otherwise become ocean waste.（美泰公司推出了一款用塑料制成的芭比娃娃新产品，如果没有塑料，这些塑料就会变成海洋垃圾。）”可知，这种新型的芭比娃娃是由塑料制成的，这种塑料会成为海洋垃圾。故选D。
【9题详解】
词义猜测题。根据第二段“The new Barbie line is Mattel’s latest move in reaching its sustainability （可持续性）goals.（新的芭比线是美泰的最新举动达到其可持续性的目标。）”指的是达到持续性目标，因此此句话中应该指的是承诺实现目标。故选A。
【10题详解】
细节理解题。根据“Earlier, the toy company announced that it was launching a program called “Mattel Play- back”, which encourages consumers to send Mattel their old toys, and the company can reuse the materials for future Mattel products.（早些时候，这家玩具公司宣布，它正在推出一个名为“美泰播放”的项目，鼓励消费者把他们的旧玩具送给美泰公司，该公司可以在未来的美泰产品中重复使用这些材料。）”可知，成立这个项目的目的是为了重复使用材料。故选D。
【11题详解】
主旨大意题。根据文章最后一段“Mattel isn’t alone in its eco -efforts, as many large toy companies are trying to become more eco - friendly after decades of relying on environmentally destructive plastic in their products and packaging.（美泰并不是唯一一家致力于环保的公司，许多大型玩具公司在产品和包装中依赖于对环境有害的塑料数十年后，正试图变得更加环保）”可知最后一段讲的是玩具公司环保的原因。故选A。
【答案】12. A 13. B 14. A 15. B
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇新闻报道。本文主要讲述了在巴西亚马逊热带雨林，一种杂色的绢毛猴不仅面临人类的威胁，而且最近又遭到一种红掌绢毛猴的威胁。研究人员结果发现：他们通过改变叫声来消除敌意，达到和解。
【12题详解】
细节理解题。由第一段“threatened by habitat loss and urban development. But the severely endangered animals faces another enemy： the red - handed tamarin, a monkey that lives in the same region.”可知，杂色的绢毛猴的栖息地受到人类的侵占，现在一种红掌绢毛猴又来骚扰。因此杂色的绢毛猴处于困境，而A. They are in danger of dying out.（他们处于灭绝的危险中）B. They live in the urban areas.（他们生活在城区），与原文不符。C. They are competing with each other for survival.（为了生存，他们彼此竞争。）D. They are invading the red – handed tamarin's habitat.（他们侵略红掌绢毛猴）分析C，D可知只说了一方面。只有A最全面，符合语境。故选A。
【13题详解】
细节理解题。由第三段第一句“But in a recent study, scientists have discovered that the red - handed tamarin is changing its vocal calls to better communicate with the pied tamarin.” 可知，科学家跟踪发现红掌绢毛猴正在改变叫喊声来和杂色的绢毛猴更好交流。A. To engage in physical battles.（为了参加格斗）; B. To better communicate with each other.（为了彼此更好交流）; C. To make the sound louder.（为了让声音大）; D. To survive in the thick forest.（为了在森林中活下来）。结合文章可知B符合语境。故选B。
【14题详解】
文章大意题。根据全文，特别是第五段 “the scientists discovered that the red - handed tamarins, new call has a narrower bandwidth （带宽）and an increased amplitude （振幅）,making the sound clearer and the duration of the call longer. The result is a call that travels better through the thick forest.”可知，红掌绢毛猴新的叫喊声有比较窄的带宽，较高的振幅，结果让声音更清晰，在森林里更好传播。A. Monkeys change their calls to communicate with their enemy.（猴子改变他们的叫声去和敌人交流。）B. Listening plays an important role in protecting ecology.（听在保护生态方面起着重要作用。）C. The pied tamarins’habitat is occupied by their enemy.（杂色的绢毛猴的栖息地被敌人占领。）D. Habitat loss and urban development influence tamarins' survival.（栖息地的损失和城市的发展影响了绢毛猴的生存。）A符合题干意思。故选A。
【15题详解】
文章出处题。浏览全文可知这是一篇科学调查，讲述科学研究和发现。A. Entertainment.娱乐；B. Science科学；C. Education.教育；D. Health.健康。由此可知这篇文章出现在科学杂志上。故选B。
河南省驻马店市2019-2020学年高二下学期期末考试试卷英语试卷
【答案】1. B 2. C 3. B
【解析】
这是一则电影广告。文章介绍了五部让你放松的电影。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据Jessica Alba to star in ‘Trigger Warning’中Jessica Alba will star in “Trigger Warning” for the streaming service, with the film coming from director Mouly Surya, who filmed the well - received Cannes （戛纳） entry “Marlina the Murderer in Four Acts” that became Indonesia’s foreign film Oscar submission.“杰西卡·阿尔芭(Jessica Alba)将出演这家流媒体服务公司的《触发警告》(Trigger Warning)，该片由导演穆利·苏利(Mouly Surya)执导，苏利曾执导过戛纳电影节入口影片《四幕谋杀者玛琳娜》(Marlina the Murderer in Four Acts)，该片后来成为提交奥斯卡的印尼外语片。”由此可知，Mouly Surya拍了电影《四幕杀手玛琳娜。故选B。
【2题详解】
推理判断题。根据Dakota Johnson joins Olivia Wilde’s ‘Don’t Worry, Darling’中Dakota Johnson is in negotiations to join the starry ensemble （舞蹈团） of “Don’t Worry, Darling,” a psychological thriller from director Olivia Wilde.“达科塔·约翰逊(Dakota Johnson)正在商谈加入奥利维亚·王尔德(Olivia Wilde)执导的心理惊悚片《别担心，亲爱的》(Don’s Worry, Darling)的群星阵容。”由此可知，Don’t Worry, Darling是一部惊悚片。故选C。
【3题详解】
推理判断题。根据‘Little Women,’ ‘1917’ likely to hit reopened cinemas中“Little Women” and “1917” appear to be among the first titles that will hit Chinese theaters when they reopen in the wake of the COVID-19, new posters show. The two titles were scheduled for release in February, but were stopped when cinemas were shut nationwide.“新海报显示，在新冠肺炎疫情爆发后，《小妇人》和《1917》似乎是首批将登陆中国影院的影片。这两部影片原计划在2月份上映，但由于全国影院关闭而被叫停。”由此可知，《小妇人》无法按计划在中国影院上映。故选B。
【答案】4. D 5. C 6. D 7. C
【解析】
【分析】
这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者小时候不听父亲的话，用枪射杀了一只鸽子的故事。事后作者感觉非常难过，父亲安慰并教导他，这件事让作者在余生牢记父亲对他的教导。
【4题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段关键句I rushed into the brush, praying, “Oh God, please don’t let it be dead.”可知，作者祈祷不要让这只鸟死去，可推断出在得知鸟死亡后，他对自己的行为是感到后悔的。再根据第一段关键句After burying it, I hurried home and went to hide my gun in my room.可知，作者在埋葬了鸽子之后就跑回家，并把枪藏了起来，可推断出此时作者的心情是害怕的。综上所述，在意识到自己杀害了鸽子之后，作者的感觉是既害怕又后悔的。故选D项。
【5题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段关键句“The dead pigeon appeared in my mind so that I almost threw up on the plate.”可知，看到这盘鸡肉，死去的鸽子又出现在了作者的脑海中。由此可知出作者看到鸡肉后逃离，是因为这盘鸡肉让他想起了被自己杀死的鸽子。故选C项。
【6题详解】
细节理解题。根据倒数第二段关键句“What you need is to always remember how bad it felt to kill that poor bird.”可知，作者的父亲在被告知真相之后，让作者永远记住杀死这只可怜的鸟的感觉是多么糟糕。故选D项。
【7题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章内容及最后一段关键句“I would remember killing that bird along with a lot of other things for the rest of my life.”可知，作者的父亲没有批评作者，而是让作者永远记住杀死这只可怜的鸟的感觉是多么糟糕。在父亲的教导下，作者在余生都牢记这件事带给他的教训。由此可推断出，在文中，作者的父亲用独特的方式给作者上了一课。故选C项。
【点睛】细节理解题的解题方法：1. 画出题干关键词；2. 寻找文章中对应关键句；3. 分析选项，选出答案。例如本篇文章中的第二小题，题干关键词为“the dish of chicken”，浏览文章，锁定文章第二段句子“Mom finally uncovered the main dish—chicken. The dead pigeon appeared in my mind so that I almost threw up on the plate.”，根据句意可知，看到这盘鸡肉，死去的鸽子又出现在了作者的脑海中。由此可推断出作者看到鸡肉后逃离，是因为这盘鸡肉让他想起了被自己杀死的鸽子。故选C项。
【答案】8. A 9. D 10. B 11. C
【解析】
这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了生活中经常在购物上花很多钱的“购物狂”这类人，他们控制不了花钱买东西的欲望。这种成瘾行为会导致金钱问题、家庭冲突和严重的不幸。说明了“购物狂”的一些症状，以及购物成瘾的几个原因，最后提出一些解决办法。
【8题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段中However, there are some people called shopaholics, who can’t control their desire to spend money buying things. This kind of addictive behavior can lead to money problems, family conflicts, and deep unhappiness.可知然而，有一些叫做购物狂的人，他们控制不了花钱买东西的欲望。这种成瘾行为会导致金钱问题、家庭冲突和严重的不幸。以及第二段中What are the symptoms of a shopaholic People with this problem often spend hours and hours shopping on the Internet or at the mall. Their closets are full of clothing and jewelry that they have never worn, with the price tags still on them. Their homes may be filled with shopping bags and boxes that they bought but never used.可知购物狂有哪些症状？有这个问题的人经常花几个小时在网上购物或在商场购物。他们的衣橱里装满了他们从未穿戴过的衣服和珠宝，它们的价格标签还在上面。他们的家里可能装满了购物袋和购物盒，都是他们买的但从来没有用过的。由此可知，“购物狂”经常在购物上花很多钱。故选A。
【9题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段中Some of them are ashamed of their weakness and try to hide it by storing their purchases in places like the attic(阁楼), where others won’t see them.可知有些人为自己的弱点感到羞愧，试图把买的东西藏在阁楼之类的地方，这样别人就看不到了。由此可知，有些购物者把他们买的东西藏在阁楼里，因为他们为自己经常购物感到羞耻。故选D。
【10题详解】
词义猜测题。根据上文Some of them are ashamed of their weakness and try to hide以及后文by storing their purchases in places like the attic(阁楼), where others won’t see them.可知有些人为自己的弱点感到羞愧，试图把购物买来的东西藏在阁楼之类的地方，这样别人就看不到了，由此可知，it指代“购物”。故选B。
【11题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段中They can either see a counselor(顾问) or join an organization such as Shopaholics Anonymous. Groups like this try to help people understand the reasons for their addiction and learn how to control the urge to shop. Their goal is to help people find ways to fulfill themselves rather than lead to serious debt and troubled lives.可知他们可以去咨询顾问，也可以加入Shopaholics Anonymous这样的组织。像这样的组织试图帮助人们理解他们上瘾的原因，并学习如何控制购物的冲动。他们的目标是帮助人们找到实现自我的方法，而不是导致严重的债务和麻烦的生活。由此可推知，像“Shopaholics Anonymous”这样的组织打算帮助一些人控制购买欲望。故选C。
【答案】12. D 13. D 14. A 15. B
【解析】
这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了多亏了来自南卡罗来纳、瑞士和中国的科学家，一件普通的棉质T恤可以变成防弹衣。科学家们将棉花中的碳与硼结合，制造出一种坚韧、轻质的碳化硼织物，这种材料也用于保护坦克。这种新型T恤在沃尔玛有售，它不仅能防弹，还能抵抗太阳紫外线和威胁生命的放射性射线。文章还介绍了这种T恤材质——碳化硼的制作过程以及优势。
【12题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第三段中The trick for the scientists was combining melting boron with the carbon fibers inside the cotton fibers to form boron carbide. The great research began with a package of plain, white T-shirts purchased at Wal-Mart, which the scientists cut into pieces. They put those white cotton pieces into a black liquid of boron. After an hour, the cotton pieces were taken out from it and baked in an oven at a temperature of more than 1,000 degrees Celsius for an hour. As a result, only carbon and boron was left and then boron carbide came into being.可知科学家们的诀窍是将融化的硼与棉纤维中的碳纤维结合，形成碳化硼。这项伟大的研究始于在沃尔玛购买的一包普通的白色T恤，科学家们把它切成碎片。他们把这些白色的棉花片放入黑色的硼液中。一个小时后，棉球从里面取出，在1000多摄氏度的烤箱里烤了一个小时。结果，只剩下碳和硼，碳化硼就形成了。由此可知，第三段主要讲了制造新碳化硼的过程。故选D。
【13题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段The resulting material is very different from the original ones at the start of the process—it’s lighter, stronger, tougher and stiffer than the original cotton, but it can still be bent, unlike normal boron carbide armour.可知制造出来的材料与最初的材料有很大的不同——它比原来的棉花更轻、更强、更坚硬，但它仍然可以弯曲，这与普通的碳化硼装甲不同。由此可知，新材料有更多的优点。故选D。
【14题详解】
推理判断题。根据倒数第二段Li said that the physical features of the new material are still being tested, but “from our initial results we can say the test has been very, very promising.” “We expect that the material can stop a bullet,” Discovery News quoted Li as saying.可知李说，新材料的物理特性仍在测试中，但“从我们的初步结果来看，我们可以说测试非常非常有希望。”探索新闻援引李的话说：“我们希望这种材料能够防弹。”由此可推知，李晓东对新材料的态度是自信乐观的。故选A。
【15题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第一段中An ordinary cotton T- shirt can be changed into body armour(盔甲), thanks to scientists from South Carolina, Switzerland and China.可知多亏了来自南卡罗来纳、瑞士和中国的科学家，一件普通的棉质T恤可以变成防弹衣。结合文章还介绍了科学家将棉花中的碳与硼结合，制造出一种坚韧、轻质的碳化硼织物，这种材料也用于保护坦克。这种新型T恤在沃尔玛有售，它不仅能防弹，还能抵抗太阳紫外线和威胁生命的放射性射线。介绍了碳化硼的制作过程以及优势。由此可知，B选项“一件普通的T恤可以变成防弹衣”最符合文章标题，故选B。