北师大版高中英语必修一unit3 基础知识检测题
一、选词填空（本大题共1小题，共10.0分）
move in; over and over; catch sb.'s eye; pass away; no longer; on the way; be full of; take a seat; put up
1.Food shortages are ______ a problem.
2.2. Last Monday, the moment they arrived at the school gate, the poster ______, calling on everyone to join the "clear your plate" campaign against wasting food.
3.3. He learns music by ear and plays records ______ again.
4.4. He unfortunately ______ last year.
5.5. Please ______ and fill out this information sheet.
6.6. Her house was in perfect order when she ______.
7.7. They're ______ new street signs.
8.8. ______ to pick him up, you need to get Something for dinner.
9.9. The streets ______ still ______ people celebrating the festival.
【答案与解析】
1.no longer。句意：食品短缺不再是问题。设空处作状语修饰系表结构are ______ a problem，固定短语no longer符合语境，故填no longer。
2.2. caught their eyes。句意：上周一，他们一到学校门口，海报就吸引了他们的目光，呼吁大家加入“清理盘子”运动，反对浪费食物。设空处作谓语，根据前后语境判断catch sb.'s eye“吸引某人”符合语境，根据 the moment they arrived可知用一般过去时态，故填caught their eyes。
3.3. over and over。根据设空前后plays records ______ again可知，此处用固定短语over and over作状语符合语境，故填over and over。
4.4. passed away。根据.He unfortunately ______ last year可知，设空处作谓语，表示“去世”，故填passed away。
5.5. take a seat。根据空后and fill out this information sheet.可知，此处意为“坐下”用固定短语take a seat，祈使句用动词原形，故填take a seat。
6.6. moved in。句意：她搬进来时，房子井然有序。根据Her house was in perfect order when she ______可知，设空处作谓语，表示“搬入”用短语move in符合语境；根据was可知用一般过去时态，故填moved in。
7.7. putting up。句意：他们正在竖起新的路标。根据空后 new street signs可知，此处用固定短语put up“建起；竖起”符合语境，根据空前They're可知是现在进行时，故填putting up。
8.8. On the way。 on the way to do“在去做......的途中”，此处表示“在去接他的路上”，置于句首故首字母大写，故填On the way。
9.9. are;full of。句意：街道上仍然挤满了庆祝节日的人。be full of“充满；挤满”，根据前后语境，故填are;full of。
10.二、单句语法填空（本大题共25小题，共25.0分）
1.If you are unable to attend the interview, for whatever reason, you should inform us ______ (immediate).
【答案】immediately
【解析】句意：如果你不能参加面试，无论出于什么原因，你都应该立即通知我们。分析句子结构可知，空处修饰动词inform，故用副词形式。故填immediately。
2. The birds ______ (scare) away if you make too much noise.
【答案】will be scared
【解析】句意:如果你弄出很多噪声，鸟会被你吓跑。分析句子结构可知，The birds与scare away之间是动宾关系；在if引导的条件状语从句中，从句用一般现在时，主句应用一般将来时，故填will be scared。
3. The players (select) from the whole country are expected to bring us honor in this summer game.
【答案】selected
【解析】句意：人们期望从全国挑选出来的运动员在这场夏季比赛中为我们带来荣誉。分析句子结构可知，select与players之间是逻辑上的动宾关系，应用动词-ed形式作定语，故填selected。
4. The competition attracted over 500 players ______ (represent) 8 different countries.
【答案】representing
【解析】句意：这场比赛吸引了代表8个不同国家的500多名选手参加。分析句子结构可知，represent与players之间是逻辑上的主谓关系，应用动词-ing形式，故填representing。
5.I think you should go back to your ______ (origin) plan, which is much more practical than the present one.
【答案】original
【解析】句意：我认为你应该回到你最初的计划，那个计划比目前的这个更切实际。分析句子结构可知，空处修饰名词plan，故用形容词。故填original。
6. He was so nervous that he couldn't give an account ______ what had happened.
【答案】of
【解析】句意：他太紧张了，以至于无法叙述所发生的事。give an account of sth.表示“叙述某事”，为固定用法。故填of。
7. The parents are busy hanging (decorate), making preparations for their girl's birthday party.
【答案】decorations
【解析】句意:这对父母正忙着挂装饰品，为他们女儿的生日聚会作准备。分析句子结构可知，空处作hanging的宾语，应用名词形式，且decoration意为“装饰品”时常用复数形式，故填decorations。
8. Students are required ______ (summarise) what they have learned in class.
【答案】to summarise
【解析】句意：学生被要求总结课堂上学的内容。require sb.to do sth.意为“要求某人做某事”，此处是其被动结构sb.be required to do sth.，故用动词不定式。故填to summarise。
9.In English law a person is ______ (account) innocent until they are proved guilty.
【答案】accounted
【解析】句意：在英国法律中，一个人在被证明有罪之前被认为是无罪的。根据句意可知此处为被动语态，根据前面已有be动词is，可知句子是一般现在时的被动语态，故填动词的-ed形式即可。故填accounted。
10. —Why are you looking so angry
—My son's __________ (behave) at school greatly annoyed me.
【答案】behaviour
【解析】句意：——你为什么看起来这么生气？——我儿子在学校的行为使我非常恼火。名词所有格My son's修饰名词，behaviour行为，名词，此处表示儿子的具体行为，behaviour要用单数形式。故填behaviour。
11. Contrary to ______ (expect), several leaders in western countries catch the coronavirus.
【答案】expectation
【解析】句意：意料之外，西方国家的几位领导人感染了冠状病毒。contrary to expectation“意料之外”，是固定搭配，名词作宾语。故填expectation.
12. For them, playing well and winning are often life-and-death ______ (affair).
【答案】affairs
【解析】句意：对他们来说，打得好和赢球往往是生死攸关的大事。分析句子及空前的形容词life-and-death可知，设空处应为名词作表语；名词affair“事件”，是可数名词，本空用名词复数表泛指。故填affairs。
13. The head office of the bank is in Beijing, but it has ______ (branch) all over the country.
【答案】branches
【解析】句意：银行的总部在北京，但是它在全国各地都有分行。branch是可数名词，根据句意，这里用复数表示一类事物，故填 branches。
14.______(attach) much importance to education, parents will do their best to give the best education to their children.
【答案】Attaching
【解析】句意：父母非常重视教育，会尽力给孩子最好的教育。分析句子可知，此处考查固定搭配attach much importance to意为“强调，重视”；句中已有谓语will do，设空处应填非谓语动词，提示词attach与逻辑主语parents为主动关系，故用动词的-ing形式做状语；句首单词的首字母需大写。故填Attaching。
15. Last spring, I was ______ (fortune) to be chosen to take part in an exchange study programme.
【答案】fortunate
【解析】句意：去年春天，我很幸运地被选中参加一个交换学习项目。分析句子结构可知，此处需填形容词作表语，fortunate形容词，幸运的，故填fortunate。
16. In Thailand and other parts of South-east Asia, the normal greeting is a slight bow with the hands (press) together.
【答案】pressed
【解析】句意：在泰国和其他东南亚国家，常见的问候方式是轻轻鞠躬，双手合十。根据句子分析可知，本空使用非谓语动词做with复合结构中的宾语补足语，动词press和宾语hands是动宾关系，要使用动词的动词-ed形式作宾语补足语，故填pressed。
17. ______ (fortunate), it took a horrible accident to change her attitude.
【答案】Unfortunately
【解析】句意：不幸地是，一场可怕的事故改变了她的态度。由句中的a horrible accident可知，需表示不幸地。修饰整句需用副词unfortunately。句首单词的首字母需大写。故填Unfortunately。
18. This allows them to respond more _______(appropriate) to the user.
【答案】appropriately
【解析】考查副词。句意：这使他们能够更恰当地响应用户。appropriate合适的，形容词；分析句子结构，此处需用副词作状语修饰动词respond。故填appropriately。
19. She pulled out a sheet ________ paper from inside her jacket.
【答案】 of
【解析】句意：她从夹克里抽出一张纸。a sheet of一张，固定短语。结合句意，故填of。
20. She looked sad with her face ________ (bury) in her hands.
【答案】 buried
【解析】考查非谓语动词。此句中用了with的复合结构；bury和her face之间是动宾关系，所以空处需用其动词-ed形式。故填buried。
21. More importance _________ (attach) to the development of student's creativity in Chinese education system in the past 20 years.
【答案】has been attached
【解析】句意：在过去的20年里，中国的教育体制更加重视学生创造力的培养。 固定搭配attach importance to...重视……，importance作主语，要用被动语；根据in the past 20 years可知要用现在完成时，主语为不可数名词，因此用has been done。故填has been attached。
22.______ (recycle) is one way to protect the environment.
【答案】Recycling
【解析】句意：回收利用是保护环境的一种方式。分析句子结构可知，此处应用动词-ing形式作主语。故填Recycling。
23. As far as I'm concerned, there are three factors ________ (account) for it.
【答案】accounting
【解析】句意：在我看来，有三个因素可以解释它。分析句子可知，句中已有谓语动词，此处应用非谓语动词；提示词factor和account之间是逻辑上的主谓关系，故用account的-ing形式表示主动，account for对……做出解释，故填accounting。
24. You will find some pictures ________ (attach) to the email when you receive it.
【答案】attached
【解析】句意：当你收到这封电子邮件时，你会发现它附有一些图片。空格处在句子中做宾语补足语，和pictures是被动关系，用动词的-ed形式表示被动，故填attached。
25.Many of the ________(adult) said they also felt addicted to their own phones.
【答案】adults
【解析】句意：许多成年人表示，他们也对自己的手机上瘾了。many of后接可数名词复数，因此设空处应为复数形式adults，故填adults。
三、被动语态单句语法填空（共20小题，22分）
1. The old lady ________ (trick) out of her life savings.
【答案】was tricked。根据语境“这位女士被骗走了一生的积蓄”，判断魏一般过去时被动语态。
2. Ladies and gentlemen, please remain ______ (seat) until the plane has come to a complete stop.
【答案】seated。句意：女士们，先生们，请坐好，直到飞机完全停稳。分析句子结构可知，remain是系动词，后接形容词构成系表结构，seated形容词，意为“坐着的”符合句意。故填seated。
3. Nowadays, cycling along with jogging and swimming, _____________(regard) as one of the best forms of exercise.
【答案】is regarded。句意：现在，骑自行车和慢跑、游泳一样，被认为是最好的运动方式之一。分析句子结构可知，空处在句中作谓语，根据Nowadays和语境可知，此处是在描述客观情况，所以需用一般现在时，主语cycling与动词regard是逻辑上的动宾关系，所以用一般现在时的被动语态，主语为单数，故填is regarded。
4. They were ________(trap) in the burning hotel.
【答案】trapped。考查被动语态。所以应填trap的过去分词形式。故填trapped。
5. My washing machine _____（repair）this week，so I have to do my laundry by hand.
【答案】is being repaired。句意：我的洗衣机这周正在维修，所以我不得不用手洗衣服。考查时态语态和主谓一致。
6. Experiments of this kind __________(conduct) in both the U.S. and Europe well before the Second World War.
【答案】had been conducted。句意：在二次世界大战之前，这种实验在欧洲和美国已经进行得很好。the Second World War发生在过去，又因为before在…….之前，所以表示的是过去的过去，要用过去完成时，Experiments of this kind与conduct是被动关系，要用被动语态。故填had been conducted。
7.Hundreds of jobs ________(lose) if the factory closes.
【答案】will be lost。考查时态和语态。句意：如果工厂关闭，数百人将失去工作。主语jobs与动词lose，失去，是动宾关系，应用被动语态。主句应用一般将来时，表示客观上将来自然要发生的事情。故填will be lost。
8.—How many times have you ______ (tell) not to play football in the street
—I'm sorry. I'll never do that again.
【答案】been told。句意：——多少次你被告知不要在街上踢足球？——我很抱歉。我再也不会那样做了。根据空前的have和语境可知，本句使用现在完成时。主语you和tell之间是被动关系，故使用现在完成时的被动语态，即“have been done”的结构。故填been told。
9. Smoking in public places affects other people and it should (ban).
【答案】be banned。句意：在公共场所吸烟会影响他人，应该被禁止。ban动词，禁止，与句中主语it是动宾关系，用被动语态，should是情态动词，含有情态动词的被动语态由“情态动词+be+动词过去分词”构成。故填be banned。
10. Passengers ______ (remind) that no smoking is allowed on this train.
【答案】are reminded。根据no smoking is allowed on this train可知，时态是一般现在时，且remind和主语passengers之间是被动关系，故用一般现在时的被动语态，主语是名词复数，be动词应用are。故填are reminded。
11. She ______ (impress) deeply by the scenery in Guilin last year.
【答案】was impressed。句意：去年桂林的风景给她留下了深刻的印象。分析句子可知，She和impress是动宾关系，根据last year可知，此处用一般过去时的被动语态，主语she是单数，故填was impressed。
12. A great deal of money ______ (be) used in rescuing the victims in the snowstorm so far.
【答案】has been。so far意为“到目前为止”，句子时态用现在完成时，钱是被用，因此空格处为现在完成时的被动语态，即have/has been done，主语money是不可数名词，因此空格处为has been，故填has been。
13. This kind of cloth______（wash）well．
【答案】washes。句意：这种布好洗。一些不及物动词与状语连用，要用主动语态表示被动，用以表示主语的品质和状态。常见动词有cut，sell，read，write，wash等。此处叙述一般情况使用一般现在时；主语是单数概念，谓语用单数第三人称形式，故填washes。
14. The old man still remembers the day on which the war (break) out.
【答案】broke。句意：老人仍然记得战争爆发的那一天。break out爆发，发生。战争“爆发”是指过去的事情，故应用一般过去时。break out为不及物动词短语，没有被动语态，break的过去式为broke。故填broke。
15. The Micron Corporation presently _______ (consist) of one major plant and three small branches.
【答案】consists。句意：Micron公司目前由一家大工厂和三家小分公司组成。consist of“由……组成”，无被动语态，根据句意可知，用一般现在时，主语是第三人称单数，故填consists。
16. I really like this kind of material. It _________ (feel) very soft.
【答案】feels。句意：我真的很喜欢这种材料。它摸起来很软。feel是感官动词，这里是“摸起来”，用做系动词，故填feels。
17. I like getting up very early in summer. The morning air is so good ______ (breathe).
【答案】to breathe。句意：我喜欢在夏天起得很早。英语中作表语和补语的形容词后往往接动词不定式作状语，并且用主动形式表示被动的含义；故本句中作表语的形容词good后面需要的是动词不定式，故填to breathe。
18. His first book __________ (publish) next month is based on a true story.
【答案】to be published。句意：他下个月要出版的第一本书是以一个真实的故事为基础的。根据句子结构可知，此处是非谓语动词短语修饰book；His first book和publish之间是被动关系，由next month可知，publish还没有发生，因此要用动词不定式的一般被动式（to be done）作后置定语，表将来被做的动作。故填to be published。
19. Animal lovers suggest more nature reserves should be built, for some rare animals deserve (protect).
【答案】to be protected/protecting/protection。句意：动物爱好者建议建立更多的自然保护区，因为一些稀有动物值得受到保护。deserve to do sth.意为“值得做某事”，为固定用法，且rare animals和protect之间是逻辑上的动宾关系，故可以填to be protected。deserve doing sth.=deserve to be done，故也可填protecting。此处还可用名词作deserve的宾语，故可以填protection。故填to be protected/protecting/protection。
20. That makes it very difficult ______ (focus) on his study.
【答案】to focus。根据句式结构make it adj. to do sth.可知，it作make的形式宾语，代替真正的宾语to do。故填to focus。
四、语法填空（本大题共2小题，共30.0分）
（一）
Spring Festival is an important traditional festival in China, which has many unique (1) (custom). Here are three readers' accounts, who shared their experiences and views about it.
Tom Jenkins spent Spring Festival with his host family in Nanjing. A week before the festival, the house was cleaned (2) (thorough). His host mother said this was (3) (sweep) away the dirt of the past year. Next, the Chinese character Fu (4) (attach) upside down to the front door to welcome happiness. At the night before Spring Festival, they sat together to enjoy a big dinner.
For Xu Gang, he usually plans his trip home weeks before Spring Festival as it is difficult to book train tickets or flights. (5) (surround) by Shanxi accents on the train, he knows that he is heading home. When he arrives home, his parents will tell him (6) has been happening. It's great to be back together with the family and talk of old times.
To Li Yan, who has been (7) (retire), the joy of a family (8) (gather) is the most important. She and her husband get ready for their children's homecoming early. The house buzzes (9) activities when everyone comes home. The children run around (10) (play) and the adults talk about the past year. They also have fun making jiaozi, a sign of wishes for health and happiness in the coming year.
【答案与解析】
【小题1】customs。 根据空前的many可知，此处应用名词复数形式。故填customs。
【小题2】thoroughly。分析句子结构可知，空处作状语修饰was cleaned，应用副词。故填thoroughly。
【小题3】to sweep。分析句子结构可知，此处作目的状语，故用动词不定式。故填to sweep。
【小题4】was attached。根据语境可知，此处陈述的是过去发生的事情，应用一般过去时，且Fu与attach之间是动宾关系，故用被动语态。故填was attached。
【小题5】Surrounded。分析句子结构可知，surround与he之间是逻辑上的动宾关系，故用动词的-ed形式。故填Surrounded。
【小题6】what。分析句子结构可知，空处引导宾语从句且在从句中作主语，表示"……的事物"，故填what。
【小题7】retired。分析句子结构可知，空处在定语从句中作表语，故用形容词retired。
【小题8】gathering。分析句子结构可知，空处为主语的一部分，且根据空前的a可知，此处应用名词。故填gathering。
【小题9】with。buzz with意为“闹哄哄，喧闹”，是固定搭配。故填with。
【小题10】playing。分析句子结构可知，The children与play之间是逻辑上的主谓关系，故用动词-ing形式作状语。故填playing。
（二）
The Harbin International Ice and Snow Festival, which is China's (1) (origin) ice artwork festival, (2) (fall) on January 5th every year. It is held in Harbin, the "Ice City", which (3) (regard) as the cradle (摇篮) of ice and snow art in China. The festival lasts until February, (4) the weather gets warmer. In the festival season, Ice Lantern Garden Party is one of the most attractive (5) (activity). It is said that during the Qing Dynasty, the local farmers and fishermen often made ice lanterns simply by pouring water into a bucket (桶) and took the bucket-shaped ice out when the water froze (6) (entire). From then on, the ice lantern began its long history of development. With great advancement in techniques, today we can find the various artistic ice lanterns (7) display. Nowadays, the festival links culture with the entertainment (娱乐) and economy, (8) (attract) more than one million tourists and increasing income year by year. It is not only (9) hot tourist spot for Chinese and foreign visitors, (10) also a bridge for them to carry out economic and trade cooperation (合作) and friendly exchanges.
【答案】
【小题1】original。空处作定语修饰ice artwork festival，故用形容词形式。故填original。
【小题2】falls。此处陈述客观情况，故用一般现在时；且主语为The Harbin International Ice and Snow Festival，故填falls。
【小题3】is regarded。此处陈述客观情况，故用一般现在时；which指代Harbin与regard之间为动宾关系，故用一般现在时的被动语态。故填is regarded。
【小题4】when。空处引导非限制性定语从句，修饰February，且在从句中作时间状语，故填when。
【小题5】activities。此处为one of + the +形容词最高级+可数名词复数结构，故填activities。
【小题6】entirely。空处在句中作状语，修饰froze，故填entirely。
【小题7】on。on display意为"陈列，展出"，为固定短语。故填on。
【小题8】attracting。分析句子结构可知，the festival与attract之间为逻辑上的主谓关系，故填attracting。
【小题9】a。此处表示“一个热门的旅游景点”，hot的发音以辅音音素开头，故填a。
【小题10】but 。not only...but also...意为“不仅……而且……”，是固定用法。故填but。北师大版高中英语必修一unit3 基础知识检测题
题号 一 二 三 四 总分
得分
一、选词填空（本大题共1小题，共10.0分）
move in; over and over; catch sb.'s eye; pass away; no longer; on the way; be full of; take a seat; put up
1.Food shortages are ______ a problem.
2.2. Last Monday, the moment they arrived at the school gate, the poster ______, calling on everyone to join the "clear your plate" campaign against wasting food.
3.3. He learns music by ear and plays records ______ again.
4.4. He unfortunately ______ last year.
5.5. Please ______ and fill out this information sheet.
6.6. Her house was in perfect order when she ______.
7.7. They're ______ new street signs.
8.8. ______ to pick him up, you need to get Something for dinner.
9.9. The streets ______ still ______ people celebrating the festival.
二、单句语法填空（本大题共25小题，共25.0分）
1. If you are unable to attend the interview, for whatever reason, you should inform us ______ (immediate).
2. The birds ______ (scare) away if you make too much noise.
3. The players (select) from the whole country are expected to bring us honor in this summer game.
4. The competition attracted over 500 players ______ (represent) 8 different countries.
5. I think you should go back to your ______ (origin) plan, which is much more practical than the present one.
6. He was so nervous that he couldn't give an account ______ what had happened.
7. The parents are busy hanging (decorate), making preparations for their girl's birthday party.
8. Students are required ______ (summarise) what they have learned in class.
9. In English law a person is ______ (account) innocent until they are proved guilty.
10.—Why are you looking so angry
—My son's __________ (behave) at school greatly annoyed me.
11. Contrary to ______ (expect), several leaders in western countries catch the coronavirus.
12. For them, playing well and winning are often life-and-death ______ (affair).
13. The head office of the bank is in Beijing, but it has ______ (branch) all over the country.
14. ______(attach) much importance to education, parents will do their best to give the best education to their children.
15. Last spring, I was ______ (fortune) to be chosen to take part in an exchange study programme.
16. In Thailand and other parts of South-east Asia, the normal greeting is a slight bow with the hands (press) together.
17. ______ (fortunate), it took a horrible accident to change her attitude.
18. This allows them to respond more _______(appropriate) to the user.
19. She pulled out a sheet ________ paper from inside her jacket.
20. She looked sad with her face ________ (bury) in her hands.
21. More importance _________ (attach) to the development of student's creativity in Chinese education system in the past 20 years.
22. ______ (recycle) is one way to protect the environment.
23. As far as I'm concerned, there are three factors ________ (account) for it.
24. You will find some pictures ________ (attach) to the email when you receive it.
25. Many of the ________(adult) said they also felt addicted to their own phones.
三、被动语态单句语法填空（20小题，20分）
1. The old lady ________ (trick) out of her life savings.
2. Ladies and gentlemen, please remain ______ (seat) until the plane has come to a complete stop.
3. Nowadays, cycling along with jogging and swimming, _____________(regard) as one of the best forms of exercise.
4. They were ________(trap) in the burning hotel.
5. My washing machine _____（repair）this week，so I have to do my laundry by hand.
6. Experiments of this kind __________(conduct) in both the U.S. and Europe well before the Second World War.
7.Hundreds of jobs ________(lose) if the factory closes.
8.—How many times have you ______ (tell) not to play football in the street
—I'm sorry. I'll never do that again.
9. Smoking in public places affects other people and it should (ban).
10. Passengers ______ (remind) that no smoking is allowed on this train.
11. She ______ (impress) deeply by the scenery in Guilin last year.
12. A great deal of money ______ (be) used in rescuing the victims in the snowstorm so far.
13. This kind of cloth______（wash）well．
14. The old man still remembers the day on which the war (break) out.
15. The Micron Corporation presently _______ (consist) of one major plant and three small branches.
16. I really like this kind of material. It _________ (feel) very soft.
17. I like getting up very early in summer. The morning air is so good ______ (breathe).
18. His first book __________ (publish) next month is based on a true story.
19. Animal lovers suggest more nature reserves should be built, for some rare animals deserve (protect).
20. That makes it very difficult ______ (focus) on his study.
四、语法填空（本大题共2小题，共30.0分）
（一）
Spring Festival is an important traditional festival in China, which has many unique (1) (custom). Here are three readers' accounts, who shared their experiences and views about it.
Tom Jenkins spent Spring Festival with his host family in Nanjing. A week before the festival, the house was cleaned (2) (thorough). His host mother said this was (3) (sweep) away the dirt of the past year. Next, the Chinese character Fu (4) (attach) upside down to the front door to welcome happiness. At the night before Spring Festival, they sat together to enjoy a big dinner.
For Xu Gang, he usually plans his trip home weeks before Spring Festival as it is difficult to book train tickets or flights. (5) (surround) by Shanxi accents on the train, he knows that he is heading home. When he arrives home, his parents will tell him (6) has been happening. It's great to be back together with the family and talk of old times.
To Li Yan, who has been (7) (retire), the joy of a family (8) (gather) is the most important. She and her husband get ready for their children's homecoming early. The house buzzes (9) activities when everyone comes home. The children run around (10) (play) and the adults talk about the past year. They also have fun making jiaozi, a sign of wishes for health and happiness in the coming year. （二）
The Harbin International Ice and Snow Festival, which is China's (1) (origin) ice artwork festival, (2) (fall) on January 5th every year. It is held in Harbin, the "Ice City", which (3) (regard) as the cradle (摇篮) of ice and snow art in China. The festival lasts until February, (4) the weather gets warmer. In the festival season, Ice Lantern Garden Party is one of the most attractive (5) (activity). It is said that during the Qing Dynasty, the local farmers and fishermen often made ice lanterns simply by pouring water into a bucket (桶) and took the bucket-shaped ice out when the water froze (6) (entire). From then on, the ice lantern began its long history of development. With great advancement in techniques, today we can find the various artistic ice lanterns (7) display. Nowadays, the festival links culture with the entertainment (娱乐) and economy, (8) (attract) more than one million tourists and increasing income year by year. It is not only (9) hot tourist spot for Chinese and foreign visitors, (10) also a bridge for them to carry out economic and trade cooperation (合作) and friendly exchanges.
答案和解析
一、选词填空
1.no longer。句意：食品短缺不再是问题。设空处作状语修饰系表结构are ______ a problem，固定短语no longer符合语境，故填no longer。
2.2. caught their eyes。句意：上周一，他们一到学校门口，海报就吸引了他们的目光，呼吁大家加入“清理盘子”运动，反对浪费食物。设空处作谓语，根据前后语境判断catch sb.'s eye“吸引某人”符合语境，根据 the moment they arrived可知用一般过去时态，故填caught their eyes。
3.3. over and over。根据设空前后plays records ______ again可知，此处用固定短语over and over作状语符合语境，故填over and over。
4.4. passed away。根据.He unfortunately ______ last year可知，设空处作谓语，表示“去世”，故填passed away。
5.5. take a seat。根据空后and fill out this information sheet.可知，此处意为“坐下”用固定短语take a seat，祈使句用动词原形，故填take a seat。
6.6. moved in。句意：她搬进来时，房子井然有序。根据Her house was in perfect order when she ______可知，设空处作谓语，表示“搬入”用短语move in符合语境；根据was可知用一般过去时态，故填moved in。
7.7. putting up。句意：他们正在竖起新的路标。根据空后 new street signs可知，此处用固定短语put up“建起；竖起”符合语境，根据空前They're可知是现在进行时，故填putting up。
8.8. On the way。 on the way to do“在去做......的途中”，此处表示“在去接他的路上”，置于句首故首字母大写，故填On the way。
9.9. are;full of。句意：街道上仍然挤满了庆祝节日的人。be full of“充满；挤满”，根据前后语境，故填are;full of。
10.二、单句语法填空（本大题共25小题，共25.0分）
1.【答案】immediately
【解析】句意：如果你不能参加面试，无论出于什么原因，你都应该立即通知我们。分析句子结构可知，空处修饰动词inform，故用副词形式。故填immediately。
2. 【答案】will be scared
【解析】句意:如果你弄出很多噪声，鸟会被你吓跑。分析句子结构可知，The birds与scare away之间是动宾关系；在if引导的条件状语从句中，从句用一般现在时，主句应用一般将来时，故填will be scared。
3. 【答案】selected
【解析】句意：人们期望从全国挑选出来的运动员在这场夏季比赛中为我们带来荣誉。分析句子结构可知，select与players之间是逻辑上的动宾关系，应用动词-ed形式作定语，故填selected。
4. 【答案】representing
【解析】句意：这场比赛吸引了代表8个不同国家的500多名选手参加。分析句子结构可知，represent与players之间是逻辑上的主谓关系，应用动词-ing形式，故填representing。
5.【答案】original
【解析】句意：我认为你应该回到你最初的计划，那个计划比目前的这个更切实际。分析句子结构可知，空处修饰名词plan，故用形容词。故填original。
6.【答案】of
【解析】句意：他太紧张了，以至于无法叙述所发生的事。give an account of sth.表示“叙述某事”，为固定用法。故填of。
7.【答案】decorations
【解析】句意:这对父母正忙着挂装饰品，为他们女儿的生日聚会作准备。分析句子结构可知，空处作hanging的宾语，应用名词形式，且decoration意为“装饰品”时常用复数形式，故填decorations。
8.【答案】to summarise
【解析】句意：学生被要求总结课堂上学的内容。require sb.to do sth.意为“要求某人做某事”，此处是其被动结构sb.be required to do sth.，故用动词不定式。故填to summarise。
9.【答案】accounted
【解析】句意：在英国法律中，一个人在被证明有罪之前被认为是无罪的。根据句意可知此处为被动语态，根据前面已有be动词is，可知句子是一般现在时的被动语态，故填动词的-ed形式即可。故填accounted。
10. 【答案】behaviour
【解析】句意：——你为什么看起来这么生气？——我儿子在学校的行为使我非常恼火。名词所有格My son's修饰名词，behaviour行为，名词，此处表示儿子的具体行为，behaviour要用单数形式。故填behaviour。
11.【答案】expectation
【解析】句意：意料之外，西方国家的几位领导人感染了冠状病毒。contrary to expectation“意料之外”，是固定搭配，名词作宾语。故填expectation.
12. 【答案】affairs
【解析】句意：对他们来说，打得好和赢球往往是生死攸关的大事。分析句子及空前的形容词life-and-death可知，设空处应为名词作表语；名词affair“事件”，是可数名词，本空用名词复数表泛指。故填affairs。
13.【答案】branches
【解析】句意：银行的总部在北京，但是它在全国各地都有分行。branch是可数名词，根据句意，这里用复数表示一类事物，故填 branches。
14.【答案】Attaching
【解析】句意：父母非常重视教育，会尽力给孩子最好的教育。分析句子可知，此处考查固定搭配attach much importance to意为“强调，重视”；句中已有谓语will do，设空处应填非谓语动词，提示词attach与逻辑主语parents为主动关系，故用动词的-ing形式做状语；句首单词的首字母需大写。故填Attaching。
15. 【答案】fortunate
【解析】句意：去年春天，我很幸运地被选中参加一个交换学习项目。分析句子结构可知，此处需填形容词作表语，fortunate形容词，幸运的，故填fortunate。
16. 【答案】pressed
【解析】句意：在泰国和其他东南亚国家，常见的问候方式是轻轻鞠躬，双手合十。根据句子分析可知，本空使用非谓语动词做with复合结构中的宾语补足语，动词press和宾语hands是动宾关系，要使用动词的动词-ed形式作宾语补足语，故填pressed。
17. 【答案】Unfortunately
【解析】句意：不幸地是，一场可怕的事故改变了她的态度。由句中的a horrible accident可知，需表示不幸地。修饰整句需用副词unfortunately。句首单词的首字母需大写。故填Unfortunately。
18.【答案】appropriately
【解析】考查副词。句意：这使他们能够更恰当地响应用户。appropriate合适的，形容词；分析句子结构，此处需用副词作状语修饰动词respond。故填appropriately。
19.【答案】 of
【解析】句意：她从夹克里抽出一张纸。a sheet of一张，固定短语。结合句意，故填of。
20.【答案】 buried
【解析】考查非谓语动词。此句中用了with的复合结构；bury和her face之间是动宾关系，所以空处需用其动词-ed形式。故填buried。
21. 【答案】has been attached
【解析】句意：在过去的20年里，中国的教育体制更加重视学生创造力的培养。 固定搭配attach importance to...重视……，importance作主语，要用被动语；根据in the past 20 years可知要用现在完成时，主语为不可数名词，因此用has been done。故填has been attached。
22.【答案】Recycling
【解析】句意：回收利用是保护环境的一种方式。分析句子结构可知，此处应用动词-ing形式作主语。故填Recycling。
23. 【答案】accounting
【解析】句意：在我看来，有三个因素可以解释它。分析句子可知，句中已有谓语动词，此处应用非谓语动词；提示词factor和account之间是逻辑上的主谓关系，故用account的-ing形式表示主动，account for对……做出解释，故填accounting。
24.【答案】attached
【解析】句意：当你收到这封电子邮件时，你会发现它附有一些图片。空格处在句子中做宾语补足语，和pictures是被动关系，用动词的-ed形式表示被动，故填attached。
25.【答案】adults
【解析】句意：许多成年人表示，他们也对自己的手机上瘾了。many of后接可数名词复数，因此设空处应为复数形式adults，故填adults。
三、被动语态单句语法填空
1.【答案】was tricked。根据语境“这位女士被骗走了一生的积蓄”，判断魏一般过去时被动语态。
2.【答案】seated。句意：女士们，先生们，请坐好，直到飞机完全停稳。分析句子结构可知，remain是系动词，后接形容词构成系表结构，seated形容词，意为“坐着的”符合句意。故填seated。
3.【答案】is regarded。句意：现在，骑自行车和慢跑、游泳一样，被认为是最好的运动方式之一。分析句子结构可知，空处在句中作谓语，根据Nowadays和语境可知，此处是在描述客观情况，所以需用一般现在时，主语cycling与动词regard是逻辑上的动宾关系，所以用一般现在时的被动语态，主语为单数，故填is regarded。
4.【答案】trapped。考查被动语态。所以应填trap的过去分词形式。故填trapped。
5.【答案】is being repaired。句意：我的洗衣机这周正在维修，所以我不得不用手洗衣服。考查时态语态和主谓一致。
6.【答案】 had been conducted。句意：在二次世界大战之前，这种实验在欧洲和美国已经进行得很好。the Second World War发生在过去，又因为before在…….之前，所以表示的是过去的过去，要用过去完成时，Experiments of this kind与conduct是被动关系，要用被动语态。故填had been conducted。
7.【答案】will be lost。考查时态和语态。句意：如果工厂关闭，数百人将失去工作。主语jobs与动词lose，失去，是动宾关系，应用被动语态。主句应用一般将来时，表示客观上将来自然要发生的事情。故填will be lost。
8.【答案】been told。句意：——多少次你被告知不要在街上踢足球？——我很抱歉。我再也不会那样做了。根据空前的have和语境可知，本句使用现在完成时。主语you和tell之间是被动关系，故使用现在完成时的被动语态，即“have been done”的结构。故填been told。
9.【答案】be banned。句意：在公共场所吸烟会影响他人，应该被禁止。ban动词，禁止，与句中主语it是动宾关系，用被动语态，should是情态动词，含有情态动词的被动语态由“情态动词+be+动词过去分词”构成。故填be banned。
10.【答案】are reminded。根据no smoking is allowed on this train可知，时态是一般现在时，且remind和主语passengers之间是被动关系，故用一般现在时的被动语态，主语是名词复数，be动词应用are。故填are reminded。
11.【答案】was impressed。句意：去年桂林的风景给她留下了深刻的印象。分析句子可知，She和impress是动宾关系，根据last year可知，此处用一般过去时的被动语态，主语she是单数，故填was impressed。
12.【答案】has been。so far意为“到目前为止”，句子时态用现在完成时，钱是被用，因此空格处为现在完成时的被动语态，即have/has been done，主语money是不可数名词，因此空格处为has been，故填has been。
13.【答案】washes。句意：这种布好洗。一些不及物动词与状语连用，要用主动语态表示被动，用以表示主语的品质和状态。常见动词有cut，sell，read，write，wash等。此处叙述一般情况使用一般现在时；主语是单数概念，谓语用单数第三人称形式，故填washes。
14.【答案】broke。句意：老人仍然记得战争爆发的那一天。break out爆发，发生。战争“爆发”是指过去的事情，故应用一般过去时。break out为不及物动词短语，没有被动语态，break的过去式为broke。故填broke。
15.【答案】consists。句意：Micron公司目前由一家大工厂和三家小分公司组成。consist of“由……组成”，无被动语态，根据句意可知，用一般现在时，主语是第三人称单数，故填consists。
16.【答案】feels。句意：我真的很喜欢这种材料。它摸起来很软。feel是感官动词，这里是“摸起来”，用做系动词，故填feels。
17.【答案】to breathe。句意：我喜欢在夏天起得很早。英语中作表语和补语的形容词后往往接动词不定式作状语，并且用主动形式表示被动的含义；故本句中作表语的形容词good后面需要的是动词不定式，故填to breathe。
18.【答案】to be published。句意：他下个月要出版的第一本书是以一个真实的故事为基础的。根据句子结构可知，此处是非谓语动词短语修饰book；His first book和publish之间是被动关系，由next month可知，publish还没有发生，因此要用动词不定式的一般被动式（to be done）作后置定语，表将来被做的动作。故填to be published。
19.【答案】to be protected/protecting/protection。句意：动物爱好者建议建立更多的自然保护区，因为一些稀有动物值得受到保护。deserve to do sth.意为“值得做某事”，为固定用法，且rare animals和protect之间是逻辑上的动宾关系，故可以填to be protected。deserve doing sth.=deserve to be done，故也可填protecting。此处还可用名词作deserve的宾语，故可以填protection。故填to be protected/protecting/protection。
20.【答案】to focus。根据句式结构make it adj. to do sth.可知，it作make的形式宾语，代替真正的宾语to do。故填to focus。
四、语法填空（本大题共2小题，共30.0分）
（一）
【答案与解析】
【小题1】customs。 根据空前的many可知，此处应用名词复数形式。故填customs。
【小题2】thoroughly。分析句子结构可知，空处作状语修饰was cleaned，应用副词。故填thoroughly。
【小题3】to sweep。分析句子结构可知，此处作目的状语，故用动词不定式。故填to sweep。
【小题4】was attached。根据语境可知，此处陈述的是过去发生的事情，应用一般过去时，且Fu与attach之间是动宾关系，故用被动语态。故填was attached。
【小题5】Surrounded。分析句子结构可知，surround与he之间是逻辑上的动宾关系，故用动词的-ed形式。故填Surrounded。
【小题6】what。分析句子结构可知，空处引导宾语从句且在从句中作主语，表示"……的事物"，故填what。
【小题7】retired。分析句子结构可知，空处在定语从句中作表语，故用形容词retired。
【小题8】gathering。分析句子结构可知，空处为主语的一部分，且根据空前的a可知，此处应用名词。故填gathering。
【小题9】with。buzz with意为“闹哄哄，喧闹”，是固定搭配。故填with。
【小题10】playing。分析句子结构可知，The children与play之间是逻辑上的主谓关系，故用动词-ing形式作状语。故填playing。
（二）
【小题1】original。空处作定语修饰ice artwork festival，故用形容词形式。故填original。
【小题2】falls。此处陈述客观情况，故用一般现在时；且主语为The Harbin International Ice and Snow Festival，故填falls。
【小题3】is regarded。此处陈述客观情况，故用一般现在时；which指代Harbin与regard之间为动宾关系，故用一般现在时的被动语态。故填is regarded。
【小题4】when。空处引导非限制性定语从句，修饰February，且在从句中作时间状语，故填when。
【小题5】activities。此处为one of + the +形容词最高级+可数名词复数结构，故填activities。
【小题6】entirely。空处在句中作状语，修饰froze，故填entirely。
【小题7】on。on display意为"陈列，展出"，为固定短语。故填on。
【小题8】attracting。分析句子结构可知，the festival与attract之间为逻辑上的主谓关系，故填attracting。
【小题9】a。此处表示“一个热门的旅游景点”，hot的发音以辅音音素开头，故填a。
【小题10】but 。not only...but also...意为“不仅……而且……”，是固定用法。故填but。
