中考英语语法复习:非谓语动词学案(含答案)

文档属性

名称 中考英语语法复习:非谓语动词学案(含答案)
格式 zip
文件大小 52.5KB
资源类型 教案
版本资源 通用版
科目 英语
更新时间 2022-11-24 23:18:09

图片预览

文档简介

中考英语语法复习-非谓语动词
[考点提示]
1. 非谓语动词,即不能在句子中单独作谓语的动词,包括:不定式,动名词等。
2. 非谓语动词是中考必考点,主要涉及:
①不定式作主语,定语,宾语,状语,宾语补足语;
②动名词作主语,宾语;
常见考试题型:词形转换,动词填空和选择填空;
[考点详解]
不定式:在中考复习时要侧重不定式作宾语,宾语补足语的用法。
⑴作主语:掌握it在下列结构中做形式主语的用法,句中真正的主语是不定式
It+be+形容词+(for/of sb.)+to do sth.
It takes(took)sb. Some time to do sth.
⑵做定语: 不定式做定语只能置于所修饰的名词或代词之后,在含有下列动词的句式中常出现不定式做定语的情况:
I find(want,have,get)something to do (something 都是后置定语不定式do的宾语)
⑶作宾语(中考复习重点)复习时应注意以下3种情况:
①在下列常用动词之后,只能跟不定式作宾语。
Want,/ hope,/ wish, /decide, /would like,/ learn, /refuse,/ plan,/ agree,
②下列动词之后,常出现带疑问词的不定式:和疑问词what, who, which, how, when, where等连用。
tell,/ show,/teach,/decide,/discuss,/learn,/know
注意:动词find,think之后如有不定式作宾语,要用it作形式宾语,不定式后置
I find/think it +形容词 +to do sth (it=to do sth)
⑷作宾语补足语(中考复习重点)
①某些常用动词要求带to的不定式作宾语补足语
want,/ wish,/invite,/get,/order,/tell,/ask,
②感官动词和部分使役动词之后要求不带to的不定式作宾语补足语
feel,/ listen to / hear,/ watch,/ notice,/ look at,/ see,
let(让) /make (使),/have(让)
③宾语补足语的否定式:在带to的不定式之前加not;不带to的前加not;
tell sb.not to do sth make sb.not do sth
注意:help之后不定式作宾语补足语时带不带to都可以;help sb.(to) do sth.
感官动词和部分使役动词之后接不带to的不定式,变为被动语态时要带to
eg: She is often made to do her homework
⑸作状语:注意以下几种情况:
①作结果状语:too+形容词(副词)+to do sth
形容词(副词)+enough to do sth
②作目的状语:in order to do sth
③作原因状语:常出现在主系表结构形容词表语之后;
be+形容词(glad,happy,sorry,pleased,surprised 等 )+to do sth
⑹课本中出现的其他动词不定式的习惯表达:
It’s best/better(for sb.)to do sth.
Something/nothing to do need to do sth.
Hope to do sth. It’s easy/hard to say/to do
There’s no time to do sth. Have quite a lot of work to do
Begin/start to do love to do
It’s time (for sb.)to do do/try one’s best to do
Learn to do/teach (sb.)to do get/be ready to do
It’s very kind/nice of you to do
Take turns to do/be one’s turn to do
Choose to do agree to do
Wait (for sb.)to do can’t wait to do
Be able to do go on to do
Use sth to do send for sb.to do
It seems to do/be be surprised to do
Be the first/second to do Prefer to do sth.rather than do sth.
⒉动名词:动名词做动词宾语的用法,有以下几种情况:
⑴下列常用动词(组)之后只能跟动名词作宾语。
(keep/enjoy/finish/mind/ practice/ hate/ allow/ escape)+doing
(feel like/ give up/ can’t help/ be worth/ be busy)+doing
⑵介词,包括与动词构成固定搭配的介词之后要跟动名词
carry on doing sth, / thank sb. for doing
spend…(in) doing sth /have fun (in) doing sth
stop…from doing sth.
⑶动名词作主语。Doing sth.is +形容词
Playing basketball is good for your health.
Remember to do sth.记住去做某事(动作尚未发生)Remember doing sth.记起过去做过
Forget to do sth.忘记去做某事Forget doing sth.忘记过去曾经作过某事
⒊常用动词后接不定式和动名词作宾语意义有区别:
like to do sth.(一次性行为)like doing sth (习惯性行为)
Stop to do sth.停下手中事,去做另一件事Stop doing sth.停止正在做的事
Try to do sth.设法努力去做某事Try doing sth.尝试做某事
See/hear sb.do sth.看/听到某人干过了某事See/hear sb.doing sth. 看/听到某人正在干某事
⒋课本中出现的其他动名词习惯表达
[1]go+doing 去做…事
go shopping/swimming/fishing/boating/hiking/skating/surfing
go water-skiing(去划水) go scuba diving(去潜水)
[2]do +some/much+doing 做一些/大量…的事
do some shopping/cleaning/reading/washing/cooking/walking
[3]含动名词的名词短语: standing room 立足之地
reading room阅览室 sitting room起居室
waiting room候诊室,等候室 sleeping car卧铺车厢
shopping list 购物单 shopping basket购物蓝
starting line 起点线 finishing line终点线
writing brush 毛笔 Tree Planting Day植树节
[4] stop sb./sth.(from) doing sth阻止某人/物做某事
Prevent sb./sth.(from) doing sth阻止/防止某人/物做某事
Keep sb./sth.from doing sth阻止/防止某人/物做某事
注意:三条短语中,前两条中from可省去,而第三条不能省,因为:
keep sb./sth doing sth 保持某人/物做某事
[5] have some difficulty(in)doing sth.在做某事中有困难
have some problems(in)doing sth 在做某事中有问题
have fun(in) doing sth 在做某事中过得愉快
spend(时间/金钱) (in) doing sth在做某事上花费…时间/金钱
[6] go on doing / what/how about doing / prefer sth. to doing
be good at doing / instead of doing / find sb. doing
keep(sb.)doing /keep on doing / mind doing
there is sb.doing sth / feel like doing
It’s nice talking to you / get/be used for doing
Be /become interested in doing sth.
d附:动词原形do的用法:
⑴ why not do… ⑵why don’t you do …
⑶you/he/we/they’d better (not) do (you’d=you had)
⑷let/make/have sb.(not) do sth.(使役动词)
⑸will/would you please (not)do sth.)
⑹ must/mustn’t/can/can’t/may/could/need(not)do (情态动词)
⑺see/hear/watch/feel sb. do (感官动词)
⑻look at sb. do (感官动词)
⑼listen to sb. do (感官动词) [10]祈使句
[11]help sb. do
仿真训练:用所给动词的适当形式填空
1. After two hours' discussion, the manager decide (end) the meeting.
2. There are so many unusual things in the museum, it’s worth again(visit)
3. It is not easy (learn)a foreign language
4. We are glad (see) you again.
5. We say him (play) football outside.
6. He spends much time (read) story-book.
7. We enjoy (read) books in our spare time.
8. (read) in bed is bad for your eyes.
9. Life is long if you know how (use)
10. Are you interested in (collect) stamps
11. Do you enjoy (live) in China
12. Jim asked me (help) him with his lessons.
13. He wants (borrow) a book from the school library.
14. You’d better (not be) late for the meeting next time.
15. He went to bed after he finished (write)the letter.
16. The wife told her husband (drive) too fast.
17. It’s best (wear) warm clothes in winter.
18. “ (open)your books and turn to Page 5 ,please” the teacher said.
19. Walk along this road, and take the first (turn)on the right.
20. Look at the boys, they are busy the young tree to the top the stick(tie)
21. I’d like (have) a glass of water, please
22. Everything begins (grow) in spring.
23. I have quite a lot of homework (do).
24. Don’t forget (tell) him about this.
25. The boy is too young (go) to school;.
26. Why not (come) to work a little early
27. They went (fish) the day before yesterday.
28. I do some (wash) every Sunday.
29. If the population keeps growing so fast, there will be only room on the earth(stand)
30. When did you learn (skate)
31. Would you like me you move that desk (help)
32. What about (go) out for a swim
33. It’s time for class. Please stop (talk).
34. Let’s (play) games, shall we
35. It’s time (have) supper.
36. Thank you very much for (teach)us so well.
37 .Did they have a school (meet) yesterday
38. I hope (be) a scientist when I grow up.
39. Some of the questions are hard (answer).
40. Robinson was ready (cross) the sea.
41. It’ll take you twenty minutes (go)there by bike.
42. I’m very pleased (see)you again.
43. Would you like something (drink)
44. What makes you (think)I am a doctor
45. Her brother gave her a (shop) basket.
46. I’m sorry (keep) you (wait) so long.
47. Does she like (sing) after class.
48. It was nice (talk) to you.
49. Would you please (go)there with me
50. It’s dangerous (play) in the street.
用所给动词的适当的形式填空---参考答案:
1.to end 2.visiting 3.to learn 4.to see 5.playing
6.reading 7.reading 8.Reading 9.to use 10.collecting
11.living 12.to help 13.to borrow 14.not be 15.writing
16.not to drive 17.to wear 18.Open 19.turning
20.tying 21.to have 22.to grow 23.to do 24.to tell
25.to go e 27.fishing 28.washing 29.stan
ding 30.to skate 31.to help 32.going 33.talking 34.play 35.to have 36 teaching 37.meeting 38.to be 39.to answer 40.to cross 41.to go 42.to see
43.to drink 44.think 45.shopping 46.to keep; waiting
47.singing 48.talking 49.go 50.to playing
PAGE
5