福建省宁德市2019-2022三年高二下学期英语期末试卷汇编：阅读理解（含答案）
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福建省宁德市
2019-2022三年高二下学期英语期末试卷汇编
阅读理解
福建省宁德市2021-2022学年高二下学期期末考试英语试题
第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
Tea, High Tea, and Afternoon Tea
Tea is a very important part of many people’s lives and it is important for those who drink tea or participate in tea meals to understand some terms related to tea.
Tea the drink
There are two forms of tea that often cause confusion in the tea world: tea the drink and tea the meal. Tea the drink is made from the Camellia Sinensis plant and from the processing of the plant white, green, oolong, and black teas are produced.
Tea the meal
Tea the meal on the other hand involves tea the drink as an important part but really is directed toward social and family gatherings where tea and food are often consumed together.
Afternoon tea
Afternoon tea(or Low tea) is a light meal typically eaten at 4:00 pm. It originated in Britain, though various places in the former British Empire also have such a meal. However, most Britons no longer eat such a meal.
High tea
High tea is an early evening meal, typically eaten between 5:00 and 6:00 pm. It would be eaten as a substitute (替代品) for both afternoon tea and the evening meal. The term comes from the meal being eaten at the “high” (main) table, instead of the smaller low table. It is now largely replaced by the later meal tea.
Tea
Tea is the main evening meal, even if the diners are not drinking tea. It is traditionally eaten at 5 o’clock in the evening, though often it is later, as late as 9:00 pm.
1. What is the text mainly about
A. Varieties of tea. B. The meaning of tea.
C. The popularity of tea. D. Different terms about tea.
2. How does high tea get its name
A. The tea that is used. B. The time when it’s served.
C. The table where it’s served. D. The country where it originated.
3. How many tea meals are introduced in the text
A. 2. B. 3. C. 4. D. 5.
B
Fuchsia Dunlop is a gourmet (美食家) that’s better at Chinese dishes than European ones, and cooking has become a way for her to kill time in the “endless lockdown”. She cooks in a very relaxed way, going to the farmers’ market at the weekend to buy seasonal products for everyday cooking-a mix of Jiangnan, Hunan, Guangdong and Sichuan dishes.
Being raised in a household in Oxford always filled with flavors from Japan, Turkey, Spain, India and Austria, Dunlop dreamed of becoming a gourmet when she was little. However, her dream did not start to come true until she came to Chengdu, the capital of Sichuan Province, as a university student in 1994. That was when she began learning local cooking skills at the Sichuan Higher Institute of Cuisine, while looking for delicious food in the city and nearby areas. Always keeping a notebook on hand wherever she went, she wrote down the recipes of the dishes she tasted, which resulted in the publication of her first book, Sichuan Cookery, in 2001. And since then, she has published four books about Sichuan cuisine.
In 2016, Land of Fish and Rice, about recipes from Jiangnan, was published. In the book, Dunlop describes Jiangnan, the region south of the Yangtze River, as an area “blessed with a warm climate, fertile land, and lakes, rivers and coastal waters with plenty of fish and seafood”, and she regards the region as the heartland of the nation’s gastronomy (美食). Now, a Chinese version of the book is available.
“Food is a representation of culture anywhere in general, but in China it has a particular importance,” Dunlop says. “China is a place where food has been culturally important since the beginning, so food is a way of understanding and appreciating China and its culture in general.”
4. What inspired Dunlop to become a gourmet
A. Her cooking talent. B. Her growth environment.
C. The time during the lockdown. D. Her education in China.
5. What is Dunlop’s first book based on
A. Her school life at university. B. Her study on Chinese culture.
C. Her knowledge of Sichuan dishes. D. Her experience in a local market.
6. Why does Dunlop consider Jiangnan as the heartland of China’s gastronomy
A Resources are rich. B. It is her dream place.
C. The culture is typical. D. The cooking style is unique.
7. What can be the best title
A. Importance of food B. A writer of good taste
C. Best cuisine in Sichuan D. A writer living in China
C
Paul O’Sullivan was in his Baltimore apartment one evening in 2014. Feeling bored, he logged on to Facebook to find out just how many others shared his name. Moments later, dozens of Paul O’Sullivans popped out. Out of curiosity, he sent friend requests to them.
Many of his fellow Paul O’Sullivans ignored his request, but a few accepted his invitation. To his amazement, he noticed four of them were musicians. Wouldn’t it be funny, he asked the other musical Pauls, if they formed a band called The Paul O’Sullivans So they did.
Starting a band across many time zones proved to be tricky. To fix the problem, they created a sort of musical assembly line. Baltimore Paul and Rotterdam Paul wrote and recorded a basic track, then e-mailed it to Manchester Paul, who recorded a bass track. Later, Pennsylvania Paul added the drumbeat. Round and round the track went, with each member adding on his own layer.
In March 2016, the band released its first original song “Namesake” to honor their friendship. But just months later, Baltimore Paul began experiencing health issues. To support him, the other Pauls shared family pictures and chatted live on Instagram.
It was about four years before Baltimore Paul was well enough to start making music again. And when COVID-19 slowly shut down the world just weeks later, the Pauls didn’t miss a beat. After all, the band had already been skilled at remote work. But now their international connection took on a new meaning. “Writing a song with someone across the ocean makes you feel less trapped,” says Baltimore Paul. They used their time during the pandemic to record their first EP.
Half of the money made from the EP will be donated. “Life is tough sometimes,” says Pennsylvania Paul. “So just try to generate joy.”
8. How did Baltimore Paul reach out to other Pauls
A. By writing e-mails. B. By accepting invitations.
C. By sharing his name. D. By sending requests.
9. What does paragraph 3 mainly talk about
A. The creation of the band. B. How the band worked initially.
C. How the band grew popular. D. The challenges the band faced.
10. What does the underlined sentence in paragraph 5 mean
A. The band continued to make music despite the lockdown.
B. The band were too familiar with their music to make mistakes.
C. The band took advantage of the chance to support each other.
D The band wanted to defeat COVID-19 with their music.
11. Which of the following best describes the band
A. Creative and caring. B. Hard-working and strict.
C. Open-minded and funny. D. Tough and traditional.
D
For millions of Chinese, the last night of 2021 was unforgettable. Legendary singer Deng Lijun (1953-95), also known as Teresa Teng, made a surprise comeback in an unexpected way fora New Year’s Eve concert presented by Jiangsu TV. Though it was not the first time that Teng had appeared on stage as a digital human, millions of online viewers were said to have been shocked by the jaw-dropping realism of her image.
Behind the surprise was the country’s rapid development of technology to produce digital humans. Digital humans can now engage in a whole range of human body language, backed by artificial intelligence that can interpret input and produce not just straightforward responses but appropriate nonverbal actions as well.
Digital humans also have been widely used in many industries in China, including education, media, technology, internet and traditional manufacturing.
In June, 2021, Hua Zhibing- China’s first AI-powered virtual student who was created by using the country’s largest pre-trained model-made its first public appearance at the Department of Computer Science and Technology at Tsinghua University in Beijing, where she would continue her study with Professor Tang Jie.
Hua, a digital woman co-developed by the Beijing Academy of Artificial Intelligence, Zhipu AI and tech company Xiaoice is able to compose poetry and music and has some ability in reasoning and emotional interaction.
Tang Jie said the digital human is powered by the second generation of WuDao, a pre-trained model, and can be applied to several industries to help improve efficiency.
However, Pan Helin, executive director of the Digital Economy Academy of Zhongnan University of Economics and Law, said that the biggest challenge to the popularization of digital humans is still the technology.
“It is difficult for most digital humans to effectively complete tasks in complex situations. For many companies that want to use digital humans, intelligent applications of high-end digital humans will be costly,” Pan said.
12. What is the purpose of paragraph 1
A. To put forward a theory. B. To introduce the background.
C. To explain a concept. D. To start the topic.
13. What enables digital humans to do a wide range of nonverbal actions
A. Artificial intelligence. B. Realistic appearance.
C. Emotional interaction. D. Straightforward responses.
14. What is true about Hua Zhibing
A. She is the first AI-powered digital human. B. She is developed by Tsinghua University.
C She has the ability to learn new things. D. She has been applied to many industries.
15. What is Pan Helin’s opinion on digital humans
A. It costs a lot to employ digital humans.
B. It will greatly improve the efficiency.
C. Digital humans cannot perform tasks effectively.
D. The future of digital humans is optimistic.
福建省宁德市2020-2021学年高二下学期期末考试英语试题
第一节 (共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
Belgium is a destination that appeals to travelers who want to enjoy the good life and the friendliness of Belgians.
Heart of Europe
The Kingdom of Belgium is in the northwest of Europe. However, the country has long been regarded as the heart of Europe, which serves as the capital of the European Union. As a result, more than 1,400 international organizations and companies set up their headquarters there.
Cartoon kingdom
Belgium is truly a “cartoon kingdom”. It is said one in every three cartoonists in the world is Belgian. Brussels the capital of Belgium, is just like a castle in a fairy tale. Cartoon bookstores, cartoon museums, and cartoon gift shops can be seen almost everywhere.
Chocolates
Belgians love chocolates. The average annual consumption of chocolates per person is 6.8kg. The fragrant and creamy chocolates made in Belgium have seized so many people’s hearts with their unique flavors. If you don’t know what brands to choose, maybe the ones specially made for royal families are a good choice.
Delicacies
Belgian people are as good at cooking as they are at making beers. No wonder that Belgian food is as good as French food. Brussels alone has more than 2,000 restaurants, providing all kinds of delicacies from every part of Belgium.
1. Why do so many international companies set up their headquarters in Brussels
A. Because it is a cartoon kingdom. B. Because it is the heart of Europe.
C. Because it is the capital of Belgium. D. Because it is in the northwest of Europe.
2. What can we learn about Belgium
A. It serves food in French flavor. B. Most cartoonists are from Belgium.
C. Belgians are famous for making beers. D. Royal families consume 6.8kg of chocolates annually.
3. What’s the writing purpose of this text
A. To advertise Belgium as a travel destination. B. To make known the importance of Brussels.
C. To compare Belgian food with French food. D. To introduce living conditions in Belgium.
B
“I’m going to tell you a heartbreaking story.” I told my class of high school seniors. All eyes looked up. Nothing quiets a chatty group of teenagers faster than the promise of a story.
“In sixth grade,” I began, “I fell in love. His name was David.” The girls were laughing. “So it was Valentine’s Day. I saw one enormous envelope on my desk. My mind raced: ‘Who could it be from ’ With trembling hands, I tore it open and there was a card. At the bottom I saw the signature and almost fainted: David. Then my eyes traveled up to the writing above his signature. It read, ‘To the Ugliest Girl in Our Class’”.
Mouths dropped open. Some looked down at their desks, seemingly embarrassed for me. “What did you do ” asked a brave soul. I said. “My eyes filled with tears. It ruined Valentine’s Day for me. It shook what little faith I had in myself for a long time after. But I survived, and it gave me the motivation to undo the cruelty of David.” I smiled. “And that’s why we’re going to have a card exchange.” Their eyes lighted up. “Write something positive and sincere to someone in the class. Even if it’s someone you barely know, there’s always something nice to say. Admire their fashion sense or their basketball skills. Tell them you appreciate their friendly smile.” Looking on as they composed each message was always a treat. But the real fun came when they read what people wrote to them. From then on, I made it a Valentine tradition.
After 20 years of teaching, I harbor few hopes that students will remember all of the vocabulary. But if a student recalls of the lesson they received on Valentine’s Day, to me that makes it all worthwhile.
4. What happened on the Valentine’s Day when the author was in sixth grade
A. She broke David’s heart. B. She was made fun of by David.
C. She sent David a Valentine card. D. She took the wrong card by mistake.
5. Why did the class have a card exchange
A. To tell personal stories. B. To show fashion sense.
C. To express appreciation. D. To share basketball skills.
6. How does the author feel about the outcome of her Valentine tradition
A. Unexpected. B. Valuable. C. Humorous. D. Discouraging.
7. Which is the best title for the text
A. An Exciting Job B. An Honest Mistake
C. An Experienced Teacher D. A Valentine's Day Lesson
C
The idea of billions of people going through a few masks a week during this pandemic (疫情) rings alarm bells, but a team of researchers in Melbourne, Australia, may have the solution.
To recycle the abandoned masks, Jie Li and his team added millions of face masks to road-paving (铺路) materials. They found the polypropylene plastic used to make single-use face masks could really increase the flexibility of the road.
The new composite material is a mixture of about 2% masks, with recycled concrete aggregate (RCA)—a material produced from waste concrete and other minerals from buildings pulled down. This recycled material found in the study is ideal for two of the four layers generally required to create roadways. And the final product is more resistant to wear than normal asphalt (沥青), as well as being cheaper too, if there was a method for collecting masks.
Li and his team did a cost-analysis and found that, at $26 per ton, the RCA was about half the cost of mining materials, and as much as a third of the cost of shipping the used masks to a landfill (垃圾填埋场). If the percentage of damaged roads in Washington state were repaired with Li’s mixture, it would reuse nearly 10 billion masks, sparing American landfills hundreds of millions of tons of trash.
The team is going to look for industry partners or governments willing to give their plastic mask road an opportunity for a large-scale test.
8. What’s the purpose of the research
A. To ring the alarm bells.
B. To find a substitute for asphalt.
C To reduce burden on the environment.
D. To invent a method for colleting masks.
9. Which of the following best explains “composite” underlined in Paragraph 3
A. Combined. B. Popular.
C. Powerful. D. Primitive.
10. What do we know about the new material
A. It is money-saving. B. It has four layers.
C. It is mainly made of masks. D. It is expensive to ship.
11. What will Li’s team probably do next
A. Do a cost-analysis. B. Repair the damaged roads.
C. Look for support. D. Increase the flexibility of roads.
D
Looking at his pile of unpaid bills always makes Giuseppe Del Giudice feel uneasy. More often than not, Del Giudice leaves almost everything until the last moment. He is not alone. “It’s part of the human condition,” said procrastination (拖延症) researcher Tim Pychyl, a psychology professor at Carleton University. “We want to feel good now. The way to do that is to avoid the task.”
One big factor for avoidance is fear of failure, of not living up to expectations. Kelli Saginak, a 57-year-old functional health coach from Wisconsin, procrastinated about looking for a new job for years. “If I don’t take the risk, decide, or commit, I don’t have to face the judgment.” said Saginak. That inability to take action only confirmed her that she would never do any better. Procrastinators believe that they are more effective under pressure. But researchers have different opinions. “I once did an experiment, putting procrastinators under restrictions of time,” said Tim Pychyl. “They made more errors. They took longer than nonprocrastinators, but they thought they did better.”
Whatever the motivation, procrastination is usually not going to be good for you. Delaying a diet or exercise program may increase your risk of heart disease. Procrastinators experience higher levels of stress, both from leaving things to the last minute and from their own regrets about their procrastination. There’s one bit of good news: People tend to procrastinate less as they age. “As you grow older, the idea of living forever does fade away,” Tim Pychyl said. “It becomes clearer: How many summers do we have left Ten Fifteen They’re really limited. What are you going to do with each of those summers ”
12. How does the author introduce the topic
A. By raising questions. B. By giving an example.
C. By making a definition. D. By making comparisons.
13. What can be learned from Paragraph 2
A. Kelli Saginal tends to take risks.
B. Procrastinators did better in the experiment.
C. Kelli Saginal has been looking for a new job.
D. Procrastinators are less effective under pressure.
14. Why do people tend to procrastinate less when getting older
A. They are aware of the limited time.
B. They experience lower level of stress.
C. They regret what they have done before.
D. They seldom leave things to the last minutes.
15. Where is the text probably from
A. A fiction. B. A book review.
C. A guidebook. D. A science magazine.
福建省宁德市2019-2020学年高二下学期期末考试英语试题
第一节(共12小题；每小题2.5分，满分30分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
If you are traveling abroad, whether for business or pleasure, sooner or later you will find yourself in a local restaurant. The following dos and don'ts may help you behave properly in different countries.
France
“People don't only insist on outstanding food and fine wine- -hey also set great store by good manes for eating at least in up-market restaurants,”. says Stephane Calmeyn. The French are old-fashioned about paying the bill to. “Women are often given a meu with no pics.” says Calmeyn.
Brazil
“In many restaurants, the bill is already equally divided by the number of people in your party.” Brazilian people traditionally keep track of how much they owe. “You collect your empty bottles under or next to the table, s0 that you can simply count them up at the end of the night” says Zampil.
Norway
In Norway it is perfectly acceptable to lean across someone to get the salt, pepper or butter “We call it Norwegian arms. The custom means you aren't constantly troubling other guests to pass you this or that.” explains Carina M len. Another thing you are allowed to do is toast with an empty glass. “Because a toast is considered a symbolic action, and there is no need to always wait until every last person has filled their glass.” says M len.
Argentina
You won't catch people sharing a table with strangers in an Argentinian restaurant, “They expect to be free from strangers' attention.” says Daniel Weigandt. Invited to a friend's home for dinner “Whatever you do, don't be early or even punctual. Ideally you should get there 10 to 15 minutes late!”
21. What is traditional about dining in France
A. The bill is often equally divided. B. Gentlemen usually settle the bill.
C. Customers collet their empty bottles. D. People make a toast with empty glasses.
22. Why do people have Norwegian arms at able
A. They prefer not to bother others. B. They consider it as a symbolic action.
C. They can't wait to fill their gasses. D. They would like someone to pass the sauce.
23. Which of the following countries values privacy most
A. Brazil. B. France. C. Norway. D. Argentina.
24. What is the purpose of the text
A. To offer travelling tips to visitors. B. To introduce different table manners.
C. To encourage people to eat heathy food. D. To recommend restaurants in some countries.
B
Robert has never had an art lesson or even visited a museum in fact. he has spent a good part of his life mopping floors. But when he began painting on canvas (帆布)at age 60—after years of sketching (素描) people on the subway -he knew he had found his passion “I was very lonely” he said, “It made me feel good to create something beautiful.” Hu
Now, Robert, 75, is debuting(首秀) his collection of colorful scenes and landscape at New York City's Outsider Art Fair, the premier showcase for self-taught artist. “It feels great to say I am an artist. I was always told that I didn't have any talent. I became something from nothing.” adds Robert.
Abandoned by his parents to an orphanage at age 7, Robert was on his own by the time he was 15, working the counter at a Schrafft's restaurant in Manhattan and street-bustling for money on the side. At Scharafft's, one of his regular customers was a former school teacher Marian O'Conner, who taught him to read and later left him enough money to buy a modest apartment. “She told me someday I would be something,” said Robert, who considered
O'Conner his second mother. “So I kept going.” In 2009 artist Daniel Belardineli discovered Robert's work on the walls of the town hall and arranged his first art show. “It was like a left blow,” he said, “I saw these raw drawings that jumped out with emotion.” Whatever comes next, for Robert it has all been worth it. “I have had a lot of hard times,” said Robert, “But my art kept me going. Good thing happen to those who wait.”
25. Why did Robert begin painting on canvas
A. He was inspired by an art museum.
B. He was told that he was talented in painting.
C. He felt passionate about painting beauty in life.
D. He was invited to the New York City's Outsider Art Fair.
26. What does the underlined sentence in Paragraph 2 mean
A. He lived up to the expectation. B. He knew nothing about painting.
C. He rose to fame from an unknown. D. He had no trouble becoming famous.
27. According to Daniel Belardineli, Robert's painting is probably____.
A. subtle and life-like B. dull but meaningful
C. healing and peaceful D. primitive but powerful
28. What would be the best title for the text
A. A natural born artist B. A lonely orphan
C. A caring teacher D. A lucky dog
C
Implanted (植入的) devices, such as heart pacemakers, are a valuable part of modern medicine. Their use, however, is limited by the need to renew their batteries and this is a particular problem for those inside the wearer's head. Therefore, a way to power such implants without replacing their batteries at all would thus be welcome. And Dr Hyuck Choo and his colleagues think they have one. They plan to collect the necessary energy from the vibrations(震动) that occur when someone is talking.
DrChoo's power plants are small sheets of lead zirconate titanate, a material that produces electricity when it vibrates. He knew that sheets of the size he chose have a resonance (共振) at around 690Hz. This is well above the normal range of the human voice. Using larger sheets would lower the resonance frequency. So he sought to lower a sheet's resonance frequency without increasing its area by caring a special shape out of it. And it worked!
When Dr Choo and his colleagues tested the carved sheets by exposing them to a range of frequencies and monitoring the amount of electricity generated, they found that the voltage was between 100Hz and 120Hz (approximately the common frequencies of adult male vices), and also between 200Hz and 250Hz (the female voice s common frequencies). And, although the amount of power produced is not huge, it seems adequate for the task.
As Dr Choo reported at a conference on January 26", he and his team were able to harvest a tenth of a mill watt per square centimetre of lead zirconate titanate from the voice of a man talking at 70 decibels (分贝),which is normal speaking volume, and tents from someone shouting at 100 decibels Implants usually require a tenth of a mill watt or less to function so this suggests a practical device might be within reach-especially as the vibrations produced by the voice travel efficiently up through the skull, meaning the generator could be put into an implant.
29. What limits the use of implanted devices
A. The shape of the devices. B. The effect of the vibrations.
C. The need for continuous power. D. The difficulty in producing the battery
30. What problem did Dr Choo have to solve in Paragraph 2
A. To renew the batteries of the implants.
B. To make the resonance above the human voice.
C. To pick out suitable material for his power plants.
D. To ensure the resonance of the sheets fit in with the human voice.
31. What does “the task” in Paragraph 3 refer to
A. Exposing the sheet to sounds. B. Powering the implanted devices.
C. Lowering a sheet's resonance frequency. D. Monitoring the electricity produced.
32. What can we learn from the last paragraph
A. The voice powered device is likely to be available.
B. A man has to shout loudly when using the device.
C. The device will be put into production after the conference.
D. The generator should be put into the skull when used.
答案：
福建省宁德市2021-2022学年高二下学期期末考试英语试题
【答案】1. D 2. C 3. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了一些与茶有关的术语。
【1题详解】
主旨大意题。根据本文题目“Tea, High Tea, and Afternoon Tea”和第一段“Tea is a very important part of many people’s lives and it is important for those who drink tea or participate in tea meals to understand some terms related to tea.(茶是许多人生活中非常重要的一部分，对于那些喝茶或参与茶餐的人来说，理解一些与茶相关的术语是很重要的。)”可知，作者在开头就点明主题，所以本文主要介绍的是“关于茶的不同术语”。故选D项。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据High tea部分“The term comes from the meal being eaten at the “high” (main) table, instead of the smaller low table.( 这个词来源于在“高”或“主”桌子上吃饭，而不是在较小的低桌子上吃饭。)”可知，high tea这个词来源于吃茶餐的桌子，也就吃茶餐的地点。故选C项。
【3题详解】
细节理解题。根据Afternoon tea部分“Afternoon tea(or Low tea) is a light meal typically eaten at 4:00 pm.(下午茶或低茶是一顿下午4点吃的简餐。)”，High tea部分“High tea is an early evening meal, typically eaten between 5:00 and 6:00 pm. (高茶是一种早晚餐，通常在下午5点到6点之间吃。)”和Tea部分“Tea is the main evening meal, even if the diners are not drinking tea.( 茶是主要的晚餐，即使用餐者不喝茶。)”可知，high tea，afternoon tea和tea都属于茶餐，所以本文共介绍了三种茶餐。故选B项。
【答案】4. B 5. C 6. A 7. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道，主要讲的是很擅长做中国菜的美食家Fuchsia Dunlop对中国菜的看法以及她所出版的几本书的相关信息。
【4题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段的“Being raised in a household in Oxford always filled with flavors from Japan, Turkey, Spain, India and Austria, Dunlop dreamed of becoming a gourmet when she was little.(在牛津长大的邓洛普从小就梦想成为一名美食家，她的家庭里充满了来自日本、土耳其、西班牙、印度和奥地利的美食。)”可知，她的成长环境激励邓洛普成为美食家，故选B。
【5题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段的“Always keeping a notebook on hand wherever she went, she wrote down the recipes of the dishes she tasted, which resulted in the publication of her first book, Sichuan Cookery, in 2001.(无论走到哪里，她都随身带着一本笔记本，记下她尝过的菜肴的食谱，这促成了她的第一本书《四川烹饪》(Sichuan Cookery)在2001年出版。)”可知，邓洛普的第一本书是根据她对川菜的知识写的。故选C。
【6题详解】
推理判断题。根据倒数第二段的“In the book, Dunlop describes Jiangnan, the region south of the Yangtze River, as an area “blessed with a warm climate, fertile land, and lakes, rivers and coastal waters with plenty of fish and seafood”, and she regards the region as the heartland of the nation’s gastronomy.(在书中，邓洛普将长江以南的江南描述为一个“得天独厚的气候温暖、土地肥沃、湖泊、河流和沿海水域盛产鱼类和海鲜”的地区，并将该地区视为全国美食的中心地带。)”可知，邓洛普认为江南是中国的美食中心是因为那儿资源丰富。故选A。
【7题详解】
主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是第一段的“Fuchsia Dunlop is a gourmet (美食家) that’s better at Chinese dishes than European ones, and cooking has become a way for her to kill time in the “endless lockdown”.(Fuchsia Dunlop是一位比欧洲菜更擅长中国菜的美食家，在“无尽的封锁”中，烹饪成了她消磨时间的一种方式。)”和第二段的“Always keeping a notebook on hand wherever she went, she wrote down the recipes of the dishes she tasted, which resulted in the publication of her first book, Sichuan Cookery, in 2001. And since then, she has published four books about Sichuan cuisine.(无论走到哪里，她都随身带着一本笔记本，记下她尝过的菜肴的食谱，这促成了她的第一本书《四川烹饪》(Sichuan Cookery)在2001年出版。从那以后，她出版了四本关于川菜的书。)”可知，本文主要讲的是很擅长做中国菜的美食家Fuchsia Dunlop对中国菜的看法以及她所出版的几本书的相关信息，因此本文最好的题目是B选项“有很好的味觉的作家”，故选B。
【答案】8. D 9. B 10. A 11. A
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了一群同名Paul O’Sullivans的人跨时区组建乐队，创作歌曲的故事。
【8题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段“Feeling bored, he logged on to Facebook to find out just how many others shared his name. Moments later, dozens of Paul O’Sullivans popped out. Out of curiosity, he sent friend requests to them.(他觉得很无聊，于是登录了脸书，看看有多少人共享他的名字。片刻之后，数十名保罗·奥·沙利文现身。出于好奇，他向他们发送了朋友请求)”可知，巴尔的摩保罗是通过发送请求来联系其他保罗的。故选D项。
【9题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第三段“Baltimore Paul and Rotterdam Paul wrote and recorded a basic track, then e-mailed it to Manchester Paul, who recorded a bass track. Later, Pennsylvania Paul added the drumbeat. Round and round the track went, with each member adding on his own layer.(巴尔的摩保罗和鹿特丹保罗创作并录制了一首基本曲目，然后通过电子邮件发送给曼彻斯特保罗，曼彻斯特保罗添加了一首低音部分。后来，宾夕法尼亚州的保罗加入了鼓声。乐曲一圈又一圈地走着，每个成员都在自己的层上添加)”可知，第三段主要讲述了起初乐队是如何运行的。故选B项。
【10题详解】
词句猜测题。根据第五段“And when COVID-19 slowly shut down the world just weeks later, the Pauls didn’t miss a beat. After all, the band had already been skilled at remote work.(几周后，当2019冠状病毒疾病慢慢使世界关闭时，the Pauls didn’t miss a beat。毕竟，乐队已经熟练地进行了远程工作)”可知，保罗们的乐队已经对远程工作很熟悉，所以当新型冠状病毒导致世界关闭时，他们仍然可以继续创作音乐，所以划线句子表示“尽管封锁，乐队仍继续创作音乐”。故选A项。
【11题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段“Wouldn’t it be funny, he asked the other musical Pauls, if they formed a band called The Paul O’Sullivans So they did.(他问其他音乐家保罗，如果他们组成一个叫保罗·奥·沙利文的乐队，这不是很有趣吗？他们确实这样做了)”、第四段“But just months later, Baltimore Paul began experiencing health issues. To support him, the other Pauls shared family pictures and chatted live on Instagram.(但仅仅几个月后，巴尔的摩保罗开始出现健康问题。为了支持他，其他保罗分享了家庭照片，并在Instagram上进行了现场聊天)”以及最后一段“Half of the money made from the EP will be donated.(EP的一半收入将被捐赠)”可知，这支乐队全部由同名保罗·奥·沙利文的人组建，他们对乐队成员表示关怀，将捐赠唱片的一半收入，所以这支乐队是有创造性和乐于助人的。故选A项。
【答案】12. D 13. A 14. C 15. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲的是数字人类这一技术的发明和优点。
【12题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段的“Behind the surprise was the country’s rapid development of technology to produce digital humans. Digital humans can now engage in a whole range of human body language, backed by artificial intelligence that can interpret input and produce not just straightforward responses but appropriate nonverbal actions as well.(这一意外的背后是该国生产数字人类的技术的快速发展。在人工智能的支持下，数字人类现在可以使用一系列的人体语言，人工智能可以解读输入，不仅可以产生直接的反应，还可以产生适当的非语言行为。)”可知，第二段引出了数字人类这一技术，说明第一段所起的目的是引出话题，故选D。
【13题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段的“Digital humans can now engage in a whole range of human body language, backed by artificial intelligence that can interpret input and produce not just straightforward responses but appropriate nonverbal actions as well.(在人工智能的支持下，数字人类现在可以使用一系列的人体语言，人工智能可以解读输入，不仅可以产生直接的反应，还可以产生适当的非语言行为。)”可知，让数字人类能够做出各种各样的非语言行为的是人工智能。故选A。
【14题详解】
细节理解题。根据第五段的“Hua, a digital woman co-developed by the Beijing Academy of Artificial Intelligence, Zhipu AI and tech company Xiaoice is able to compose poetry and music and has some ability in reasoning and emotional interaction.(华是由北京人工智能研究院、Zhipu AI和科技公司Xiaoice联合开发的数字女性，能够创作诗歌和音乐，并具有一定的推理和情感互动能力。)”可知，Hua Zhibing有学习新事物的能力。故选C。
【15题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段的“For many companies that want to use digital humans, intelligent applications of high-end digital humans will be costly(对于许多想要使用数字人类的公司来说，高端数字人类的智能应用将是昂贵的)”可知，Pan Helin对数字人类的看法是雇佣数字人类的成本很高。故选A。
福建省宁德市2020-2021学年高二下学期期末考试英语试题
【答案】1. B 2. C 3. A
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇应用文。比利时是想要享受比利时人的美好生活和友好的游客的目的地。文章主要介绍了比利时的地理位置、卡通、巧克力和美食等情况。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段中“However, the country has long been regarded as the heart of Europe, which serves as the capital of the European Union. As a result, more than 1,400 international organizations and companies set up their headquarters there.(然而，这个国家一直被认为是欧洲心脏，是欧盟的首都。1400多个国际组织和企业在这里设立了总部)”可知，许多跨国公司把总部设在布鲁塞尔因为它是欧洲的心脏。故选B。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据最后一段中“Belgian people are as good at cooking as they are at making beers.(比利时人擅长烹饪就像他们擅长酿造啤酒一样)”可知，比利时人以酿造啤酒而闻名。故选C。
【3题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段“Belgium is a destination that appeals to travelers who want to enjoy the good life and the friendliness of Belgians.(比利时是想要享受比利时人的美好生活和友好的游客的目的地)”结合文章主要介绍了比利时的地理位置、卡通、巧克力和美食等情况。可推知，文章的写作目的是宣传比利时为旅游目的地。故选A。
【答案】4. B 5. C 6. B 7. D
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者在情人节这天，在班上和同学回忆自己六年级情人节这天被自己喜欢的男孩嘲笑的事情，作者从这件事情中鼓励同学交换卡片来表达欣赏。
【4题详解】
细节理解题。根据第六段““In sixth grade,” I began, “I fell in love. His name was David.” The girls were laughing. “So it was Valentine’s Day. I saw one enormous envelope on my desk. My mind raced: ‘Who could it be from ’ With trembling hands, I tore it open and there was a card. At the bottom I saw the signature and almost fainted: David. Then my eyes traveled up to the writing above his signature. It read, ‘To the Ugliest Girl in Our Class’”.(“六年级时，”我开始说，“我坠入了爱河。他的名字叫大卫。”女孩们在笑。“那天是情人节。我看到书桌上有一个巨大的信封。我的脑子飞快地转着：会是谁送的呢？我用颤抖的手撕开信封，里面有一张卡片。在信的底部，我看到了签名，差点晕了过去：大卫。然后我的目光转向他签名上方的笔迹。上面写着：“致我们班最丑的女孩”)”可知，作者上六年级的那个情人节，被大卫取笑了。故选B。
【5题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段中““And that’s why we’re going to have a card exchange.” Their eyes lighted up. “Write something positive and sincere to someone in the class. Even if it’s someone you barely know, there’s always something nice to say. Admire their fashion sense or their basketball skills. Tell them you appreciate their friendly smile.”(“这就是我们要交换卡片的原因。”他们的眼睛亮了起来。给班上的同学写一些积极而真诚的东西。即使对方是你不太了解的人，你也总能说些好听的话。欣赏他们的时尚感和篮球技术。 告诉他们你欣赏他们友好的微笑。” )”可知，班级交换卡片的目的是表达欣赏。故选C。
【6题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段“After 20 years of teaching, I harbor few hopes that students will remember all of the vocabulary. But if a student recalls of the lesson they received on Valentine’s Day, to me that makes it all worthwhile.(经过20年的教学工作，我对学生能记住所有的词汇不抱什么希望。但是，如果一个学生回忆起他们在情人节上的课，对我来说，这一切都是值得的)”可推知，作者认为她的情人节传统的结果很宝贵。故选B。
【7题详解】
主旨大意题。根据最后一段“After 20 years of teaching, I harbor few hopes that students will remember all of the vocabulary. But if a student recalls of the lesson they received on Valentine’s Day, to me that makes it all worthwhile.(经过20年的教学工作，我对学生能记住所有的词汇不抱什么希望。但是，如果一个学生回忆起他们在情人节上的课，对我来说，这一切都是值得的)”结合文章主要讲述了作者在情人节这天，在班上和同学回忆自己六年级情人节这天被自己喜欢的男孩嘲笑的事情，作者从这件事情中鼓励同学交换卡片来表达感激。可知，D选项“情人节课”最符合文章标题。故选D。
【答案】8. C 9. A 10. A 11. C
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇说明文。在如今疫情泛滥的情况下，人们每周使用的口罩数量很大，为了回收这些废弃的口罩，澳大利亚的墨尔本的研究人员提出了方案：他们在铺路材料中加入了数百万个口罩。发现用于制作一次性口罩的聚丙烯塑料，可以增加道路的弹性。
【8题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段“To recycle the abandoned masks, Jie Li and his team added millions of face masks to road-paving (铺路) materials. They found the polypropylene plastic used to make single-use face masks could really increase the flexibility of the road.”（为了回收这些废弃的口罩，李杰和他的团队在铺路材料中添加了数百万个口罩。他们发现用于制作一次性口罩的聚丙烯塑料，确实可以增加道路的弹性。）可知，研究人员进行研究的目的是为了回收这些废弃的口罩，即为了减少带给环境的压力。选项C“减少对环境的负担”与文意相符，故选C。
【9题详解】
词句猜测题。根据第二段中“Jie Li and his team added millions of face masks to road-paving (铺路) materials.”（李杰和他的团队在铺路材料中添加了数百万个口罩。）及第三段中“The new composite material a mixture of about 2% masks”（这种新的composite材料混合了2% 的口罩）可知，这种新型材料是混有口罩的合成物。所以划线词的意思为“混合物，合成物”，选项A符合题意，故选A。
【10题详解】
细节理解题。根据倒数第二段第一句“Li and his team did a cost-analysis and found that, at $26 per ton, the RCA was about half the cost of mining materials, and as much as a third of the cost of shipping the used masks to a landfill (垃圾填埋场).”（李杰和他的团队进行了成本分析，发现以每吨26美元计算，RCA大约是采矿材料成本的一半，是将旧口罩运往垃圾填埋场成本的三分之一。）可知，这种新型材料的使用会节约费用。选项A“这样可以省钱”与文意相符，故选A。
【11题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段“The team is going to look for industry partners or governments willing to give their plastic mask road an opportunity for a large-scale test.”（该团队将寻找行业合作伙伴或政府，而行业合作伙伴或政府愿意为他们的塑料口罩道路提供一个进行大规模测试的机会。）可推知，李杰和他的团队将寻求对该项目的支持方，进而可以进行大规模的试验。选项C“寻求合作”符合题意，故选C。
【答案】12. B 13. D 14. A 15. D
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章说明了拖延症普遍性以及拖延症带来的后果，进而提出随着人们的年龄增长，人们更倾向减少拖延，原因在于时间对人们很有限。
【12题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段中“Kelli Saginak, a 57-year-old functional health coach from Wisconsin, procrastinated about looking for a new job for years. ”（Kelli Saginak 来自威斯康星州，现年57岁，是一名功能健康教练，多年来一直在拖延找新工作。）可知，这儿通过给出具体的事例来说明有拖延症的人在生活中存在的普遍性。选项B.“By giving an example.”（举例子）符合题意，故选B。
【13题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段中“Procrastinators believe that they are more effective under pressure. But researchers have different opinions. “I once did an experiment, putting procrastinators under restrictions of time,” said Tim Pychyl. “They made more errors. They took longer than nonprocrastinators, but they thought they did better.””（拖延者认为他们在压力下更有效率。但是研究人员有不同的观点。Tim Pychyl说：“我曾经做过一个实验，把拖延者置于时间的限制之下，他们犯了更多的错误。他们花的时间比不拖延的人长，但他们认为自己做得更好。”）可知，患有拖延症的人在压力下的工作效率更低。选项D.“Procrastinators are less effective under pressure.”（拖延症患者在压力下效率较低。）与文意相符，故选D。
【14题详解】
细节理解题。根据最后一段中““It becomes clearer: How many summers do we have left Ten Fifteen They’re really limited. What are you going to do with each of those summers ””（事情变得更清楚了: 我们还剩下多少个夏天？十个？十五个？它们真的很有限。每个夏天你打算做什么 ”）可推知，当人们年老时，时间对他们很有限，人们会倾向于减少拖延。选项A.“They are aware of the limited time.”（他们知道时间有限。）与文意相符，故选A。
【15题详解】
推理判断题。纵观全文，文章在第一段引出了话题：拖延症在生活中是普遍的，进而在第二段中通过事例说明了患有拖延症的人往往认为自己会在压力下工作的效率高，然而通过实验发现，有拖延症的人在压力下工作的效率更低。第三段提到随着人们的年龄增长，人们更倾向减少拖延，原因在于时间对人们很有限。所以本文可能来自于对人们拖延症的研究。选项D.“A science magazine.”（一本科学杂志。）符合题意，故选D。
福建省宁德市2019-2020学年高二下学期期末考试英语试题
21-24BADB 25-28CCDA 29-32CDBA
2019-2022三年高二下学期英语期末试卷汇编
阅读理解
福建省宁德市2021-2022学年高二下学期期末考试英语试题
第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
Tea, High Tea, and Afternoon Tea
Tea is a very important part of many people’s lives and it is important for those who drink tea or participate in tea meals to understand some terms related to tea.
Tea the drink
There are two forms of tea that often cause confusion in the tea world: tea the drink and tea the meal. Tea the drink is made from the Camellia Sinensis plant and from the processing of the plant white, green, oolong, and black teas are produced.
Tea the meal
Tea the meal on the other hand involves tea the drink as an important part but really is directed toward social and family gatherings where tea and food are often consumed together.
Afternoon tea
Afternoon tea(or Low tea) is a light meal typically eaten at 4:00 pm. It originated in Britain, though various places in the former British Empire also have such a meal. However, most Britons no longer eat such a meal.
High tea
High tea is an early evening meal, typically eaten between 5:00 and 6:00 pm. It would be eaten as a substitute (替代品) for both afternoon tea and the evening meal. The term comes from the meal being eaten at the “high” (main) table, instead of the smaller low table. It is now largely replaced by the later meal tea.
Tea
Tea is the main evening meal, even if the diners are not drinking tea. It is traditionally eaten at 5 o’clock in the evening, though often it is later, as late as 9:00 pm.
1. What is the text mainly about
A. Varieties of tea. B. The meaning of tea.
C. The popularity of tea. D. Different terms about tea.
2. How does high tea get its name
A. The tea that is used. B. The time when it’s served.
C. The table where it’s served. D. The country where it originated.
3. How many tea meals are introduced in the text
A. 2. B. 3. C. 4. D. 5.
B
Fuchsia Dunlop is a gourmet (美食家) that’s better at Chinese dishes than European ones, and cooking has become a way for her to kill time in the “endless lockdown”. She cooks in a very relaxed way, going to the farmers’ market at the weekend to buy seasonal products for everyday cooking-a mix of Jiangnan, Hunan, Guangdong and Sichuan dishes.
Being raised in a household in Oxford always filled with flavors from Japan, Turkey, Spain, India and Austria, Dunlop dreamed of becoming a gourmet when she was little. However, her dream did not start to come true until she came to Chengdu, the capital of Sichuan Province, as a university student in 1994. That was when she began learning local cooking skills at the Sichuan Higher Institute of Cuisine, while looking for delicious food in the city and nearby areas. Always keeping a notebook on hand wherever she went, she wrote down the recipes of the dishes she tasted, which resulted in the publication of her first book, Sichuan Cookery, in 2001. And since then, she has published four books about Sichuan cuisine.
In 2016, Land of Fish and Rice, about recipes from Jiangnan, was published. In the book, Dunlop describes Jiangnan, the region south of the Yangtze River, as an area “blessed with a warm climate, fertile land, and lakes, rivers and coastal waters with plenty of fish and seafood”, and she regards the region as the heartland of the nation’s gastronomy (美食). Now, a Chinese version of the book is available.
“Food is a representation of culture anywhere in general, but in China it has a particular importance,” Dunlop says. “China is a place where food has been culturally important since the beginning, so food is a way of understanding and appreciating China and its culture in general.”
4. What inspired Dunlop to become a gourmet
A. Her cooking talent. B. Her growth environment.
C. The time during the lockdown. D. Her education in China.
5. What is Dunlop’s first book based on
A. Her school life at university. B. Her study on Chinese culture.
C. Her knowledge of Sichuan dishes. D. Her experience in a local market.
6. Why does Dunlop consider Jiangnan as the heartland of China’s gastronomy
A Resources are rich. B. It is her dream place.
C. The culture is typical. D. The cooking style is unique.
7. What can be the best title
A. Importance of food B. A writer of good taste
C. Best cuisine in Sichuan D. A writer living in China
C
Paul O’Sullivan was in his Baltimore apartment one evening in 2014. Feeling bored, he logged on to Facebook to find out just how many others shared his name. Moments later, dozens of Paul O’Sullivans popped out. Out of curiosity, he sent friend requests to them.
Many of his fellow Paul O’Sullivans ignored his request, but a few accepted his invitation. To his amazement, he noticed four of them were musicians. Wouldn’t it be funny, he asked the other musical Pauls, if they formed a band called The Paul O’Sullivans So they did.
Starting a band across many time zones proved to be tricky. To fix the problem, they created a sort of musical assembly line. Baltimore Paul and Rotterdam Paul wrote and recorded a basic track, then e-mailed it to Manchester Paul, who recorded a bass track. Later, Pennsylvania Paul added the drumbeat. Round and round the track went, with each member adding on his own layer.
In March 2016, the band released its first original song “Namesake” to honor their friendship. But just months later, Baltimore Paul began experiencing health issues. To support him, the other Pauls shared family pictures and chatted live on Instagram.
It was about four years before Baltimore Paul was well enough to start making music again. And when COVID-19 slowly shut down the world just weeks later, the Pauls didn’t miss a beat. After all, the band had already been skilled at remote work. But now their international connection took on a new meaning. “Writing a song with someone across the ocean makes you feel less trapped,” says Baltimore Paul. They used their time during the pandemic to record their first EP.
Half of the money made from the EP will be donated. “Life is tough sometimes,” says Pennsylvania Paul. “So just try to generate joy.”
8. How did Baltimore Paul reach out to other Pauls
A. By writing e-mails. B. By accepting invitations.
C. By sharing his name. D. By sending requests.
9. What does paragraph 3 mainly talk about
A. The creation of the band. B. How the band worked initially.
C. How the band grew popular. D. The challenges the band faced.
10. What does the underlined sentence in paragraph 5 mean
A. The band continued to make music despite the lockdown.
B. The band were too familiar with their music to make mistakes.
C. The band took advantage of the chance to support each other.
D The band wanted to defeat COVID-19 with their music.
11. Which of the following best describes the band
A. Creative and caring. B. Hard-working and strict.
C. Open-minded and funny. D. Tough and traditional.
D
For millions of Chinese, the last night of 2021 was unforgettable. Legendary singer Deng Lijun (1953-95), also known as Teresa Teng, made a surprise comeback in an unexpected way fora New Year’s Eve concert presented by Jiangsu TV. Though it was not the first time that Teng had appeared on stage as a digital human, millions of online viewers were said to have been shocked by the jaw-dropping realism of her image.
Behind the surprise was the country’s rapid development of technology to produce digital humans. Digital humans can now engage in a whole range of human body language, backed by artificial intelligence that can interpret input and produce not just straightforward responses but appropriate nonverbal actions as well.
Digital humans also have been widely used in many industries in China, including education, media, technology, internet and traditional manufacturing.
In June, 2021, Hua Zhibing- China’s first AI-powered virtual student who was created by using the country’s largest pre-trained model-made its first public appearance at the Department of Computer Science and Technology at Tsinghua University in Beijing, where she would continue her study with Professor Tang Jie.
Hua, a digital woman co-developed by the Beijing Academy of Artificial Intelligence, Zhipu AI and tech company Xiaoice is able to compose poetry and music and has some ability in reasoning and emotional interaction.
Tang Jie said the digital human is powered by the second generation of WuDao, a pre-trained model, and can be applied to several industries to help improve efficiency.
However, Pan Helin, executive director of the Digital Economy Academy of Zhongnan University of Economics and Law, said that the biggest challenge to the popularization of digital humans is still the technology.
“It is difficult for most digital humans to effectively complete tasks in complex situations. For many companies that want to use digital humans, intelligent applications of high-end digital humans will be costly,” Pan said.
12. What is the purpose of paragraph 1
A. To put forward a theory. B. To introduce the background.
C. To explain a concept. D. To start the topic.
13. What enables digital humans to do a wide range of nonverbal actions
A. Artificial intelligence. B. Realistic appearance.
C. Emotional interaction. D. Straightforward responses.
14. What is true about Hua Zhibing
A. She is the first AI-powered digital human. B. She is developed by Tsinghua University.
C She has the ability to learn new things. D. She has been applied to many industries.
15. What is Pan Helin’s opinion on digital humans
A. It costs a lot to employ digital humans.
B. It will greatly improve the efficiency.
C. Digital humans cannot perform tasks effectively.
D. The future of digital humans is optimistic.
福建省宁德市2020-2021学年高二下学期期末考试英语试题
第一节 (共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
Belgium is a destination that appeals to travelers who want to enjoy the good life and the friendliness of Belgians.
Heart of Europe
The Kingdom of Belgium is in the northwest of Europe. However, the country has long been regarded as the heart of Europe, which serves as the capital of the European Union. As a result, more than 1,400 international organizations and companies set up their headquarters there.
Cartoon kingdom
Belgium is truly a “cartoon kingdom”. It is said one in every three cartoonists in the world is Belgian. Brussels the capital of Belgium, is just like a castle in a fairy tale. Cartoon bookstores, cartoon museums, and cartoon gift shops can be seen almost everywhere.
Chocolates
Belgians love chocolates. The average annual consumption of chocolates per person is 6.8kg. The fragrant and creamy chocolates made in Belgium have seized so many people’s hearts with their unique flavors. If you don’t know what brands to choose, maybe the ones specially made for royal families are a good choice.
Delicacies
Belgian people are as good at cooking as they are at making beers. No wonder that Belgian food is as good as French food. Brussels alone has more than 2,000 restaurants, providing all kinds of delicacies from every part of Belgium.
1. Why do so many international companies set up their headquarters in Brussels
A. Because it is a cartoon kingdom. B. Because it is the heart of Europe.
C. Because it is the capital of Belgium. D. Because it is in the northwest of Europe.
2. What can we learn about Belgium
A. It serves food in French flavor. B. Most cartoonists are from Belgium.
C. Belgians are famous for making beers. D. Royal families consume 6.8kg of chocolates annually.
3. What’s the writing purpose of this text
A. To advertise Belgium as a travel destination. B. To make known the importance of Brussels.
C. To compare Belgian food with French food. D. To introduce living conditions in Belgium.
B
“I’m going to tell you a heartbreaking story.” I told my class of high school seniors. All eyes looked up. Nothing quiets a chatty group of teenagers faster than the promise of a story.
“In sixth grade,” I began, “I fell in love. His name was David.” The girls were laughing. “So it was Valentine’s Day. I saw one enormous envelope on my desk. My mind raced: ‘Who could it be from ’ With trembling hands, I tore it open and there was a card. At the bottom I saw the signature and almost fainted: David. Then my eyes traveled up to the writing above his signature. It read, ‘To the Ugliest Girl in Our Class’”.
Mouths dropped open. Some looked down at their desks, seemingly embarrassed for me. “What did you do ” asked a brave soul. I said. “My eyes filled with tears. It ruined Valentine’s Day for me. It shook what little faith I had in myself for a long time after. But I survived, and it gave me the motivation to undo the cruelty of David.” I smiled. “And that’s why we’re going to have a card exchange.” Their eyes lighted up. “Write something positive and sincere to someone in the class. Even if it’s someone you barely know, there’s always something nice to say. Admire their fashion sense or their basketball skills. Tell them you appreciate their friendly smile.” Looking on as they composed each message was always a treat. But the real fun came when they read what people wrote to them. From then on, I made it a Valentine tradition.
After 20 years of teaching, I harbor few hopes that students will remember all of the vocabulary. But if a student recalls of the lesson they received on Valentine’s Day, to me that makes it all worthwhile.
4. What happened on the Valentine’s Day when the author was in sixth grade
A. She broke David’s heart. B. She was made fun of by David.
C. She sent David a Valentine card. D. She took the wrong card by mistake.
5. Why did the class have a card exchange
A. To tell personal stories. B. To show fashion sense.
C. To express appreciation. D. To share basketball skills.
6. How does the author feel about the outcome of her Valentine tradition
A. Unexpected. B. Valuable. C. Humorous. D. Discouraging.
7. Which is the best title for the text
A. An Exciting Job B. An Honest Mistake
C. An Experienced Teacher D. A Valentine's Day Lesson
C
The idea of billions of people going through a few masks a week during this pandemic (疫情) rings alarm bells, but a team of researchers in Melbourne, Australia, may have the solution.
To recycle the abandoned masks, Jie Li and his team added millions of face masks to road-paving (铺路) materials. They found the polypropylene plastic used to make single-use face masks could really increase the flexibility of the road.
The new composite material is a mixture of about 2% masks, with recycled concrete aggregate (RCA)—a material produced from waste concrete and other minerals from buildings pulled down. This recycled material found in the study is ideal for two of the four layers generally required to create roadways. And the final product is more resistant to wear than normal asphalt (沥青), as well as being cheaper too, if there was a method for collecting masks.
Li and his team did a cost-analysis and found that, at $26 per ton, the RCA was about half the cost of mining materials, and as much as a third of the cost of shipping the used masks to a landfill (垃圾填埋场). If the percentage of damaged roads in Washington state were repaired with Li’s mixture, it would reuse nearly 10 billion masks, sparing American landfills hundreds of millions of tons of trash.
The team is going to look for industry partners or governments willing to give their plastic mask road an opportunity for a large-scale test.
8. What’s the purpose of the research
A. To ring the alarm bells.
B. To find a substitute for asphalt.
C To reduce burden on the environment.
D. To invent a method for colleting masks.
9. Which of the following best explains “composite” underlined in Paragraph 3
A. Combined. B. Popular.
C. Powerful. D. Primitive.
10. What do we know about the new material
A. It is money-saving. B. It has four layers.
C. It is mainly made of masks. D. It is expensive to ship.
11. What will Li’s team probably do next
A. Do a cost-analysis. B. Repair the damaged roads.
C. Look for support. D. Increase the flexibility of roads.
D
Looking at his pile of unpaid bills always makes Giuseppe Del Giudice feel uneasy. More often than not, Del Giudice leaves almost everything until the last moment. He is not alone. “It’s part of the human condition,” said procrastination (拖延症) researcher Tim Pychyl, a psychology professor at Carleton University. “We want to feel good now. The way to do that is to avoid the task.”
One big factor for avoidance is fear of failure, of not living up to expectations. Kelli Saginak, a 57-year-old functional health coach from Wisconsin, procrastinated about looking for a new job for years. “If I don’t take the risk, decide, or commit, I don’t have to face the judgment.” said Saginak. That inability to take action only confirmed her that she would never do any better. Procrastinators believe that they are more effective under pressure. But researchers have different opinions. “I once did an experiment, putting procrastinators under restrictions of time,” said Tim Pychyl. “They made more errors. They took longer than nonprocrastinators, but they thought they did better.”
Whatever the motivation, procrastination is usually not going to be good for you. Delaying a diet or exercise program may increase your risk of heart disease. Procrastinators experience higher levels of stress, both from leaving things to the last minute and from their own regrets about their procrastination. There’s one bit of good news: People tend to procrastinate less as they age. “As you grow older, the idea of living forever does fade away,” Tim Pychyl said. “It becomes clearer: How many summers do we have left Ten Fifteen They’re really limited. What are you going to do with each of those summers ”
12. How does the author introduce the topic
A. By raising questions. B. By giving an example.
C. By making a definition. D. By making comparisons.
13. What can be learned from Paragraph 2
A. Kelli Saginal tends to take risks.
B. Procrastinators did better in the experiment.
C. Kelli Saginal has been looking for a new job.
D. Procrastinators are less effective under pressure.
14. Why do people tend to procrastinate less when getting older
A. They are aware of the limited time.
B. They experience lower level of stress.
C. They regret what they have done before.
D. They seldom leave things to the last minutes.
15. Where is the text probably from
A. A fiction. B. A book review.
C. A guidebook. D. A science magazine.
福建省宁德市2019-2020学年高二下学期期末考试英语试题
第一节(共12小题；每小题2.5分，满分30分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
If you are traveling abroad, whether for business or pleasure, sooner or later you will find yourself in a local restaurant. The following dos and don'ts may help you behave properly in different countries.
France
“People don't only insist on outstanding food and fine wine- -hey also set great store by good manes for eating at least in up-market restaurants,”. says Stephane Calmeyn. The French are old-fashioned about paying the bill to. “Women are often given a meu with no pics.” says Calmeyn.
Brazil
“In many restaurants, the bill is already equally divided by the number of people in your party.” Brazilian people traditionally keep track of how much they owe. “You collect your empty bottles under or next to the table, s0 that you can simply count them up at the end of the night” says Zampil.
Norway
In Norway it is perfectly acceptable to lean across someone to get the salt, pepper or butter “We call it Norwegian arms. The custom means you aren't constantly troubling other guests to pass you this or that.” explains Carina M len. Another thing you are allowed to do is toast with an empty glass. “Because a toast is considered a symbolic action, and there is no need to always wait until every last person has filled their glass.” says M len.
Argentina
You won't catch people sharing a table with strangers in an Argentinian restaurant, “They expect to be free from strangers' attention.” says Daniel Weigandt. Invited to a friend's home for dinner “Whatever you do, don't be early or even punctual. Ideally you should get there 10 to 15 minutes late!”
21. What is traditional about dining in France
A. The bill is often equally divided. B. Gentlemen usually settle the bill.
C. Customers collet their empty bottles. D. People make a toast with empty glasses.
22. Why do people have Norwegian arms at able
A. They prefer not to bother others. B. They consider it as a symbolic action.
C. They can't wait to fill their gasses. D. They would like someone to pass the sauce.
23. Which of the following countries values privacy most
A. Brazil. B. France. C. Norway. D. Argentina.
24. What is the purpose of the text
A. To offer travelling tips to visitors. B. To introduce different table manners.
C. To encourage people to eat heathy food. D. To recommend restaurants in some countries.
B
Robert has never had an art lesson or even visited a museum in fact. he has spent a good part of his life mopping floors. But when he began painting on canvas (帆布)at age 60—after years of sketching (素描) people on the subway -he knew he had found his passion “I was very lonely” he said, “It made me feel good to create something beautiful.” Hu
Now, Robert, 75, is debuting(首秀) his collection of colorful scenes and landscape at New York City's Outsider Art Fair, the premier showcase for self-taught artist. “It feels great to say I am an artist. I was always told that I didn't have any talent. I became something from nothing.” adds Robert.
Abandoned by his parents to an orphanage at age 7, Robert was on his own by the time he was 15, working the counter at a Schrafft's restaurant in Manhattan and street-bustling for money on the side. At Scharafft's, one of his regular customers was a former school teacher Marian O'Conner, who taught him to read and later left him enough money to buy a modest apartment. “She told me someday I would be something,” said Robert, who considered
O'Conner his second mother. “So I kept going.” In 2009 artist Daniel Belardineli discovered Robert's work on the walls of the town hall and arranged his first art show. “It was like a left blow,” he said, “I saw these raw drawings that jumped out with emotion.” Whatever comes next, for Robert it has all been worth it. “I have had a lot of hard times,” said Robert, “But my art kept me going. Good thing happen to those who wait.”
25. Why did Robert begin painting on canvas
A. He was inspired by an art museum.
B. He was told that he was talented in painting.
C. He felt passionate about painting beauty in life.
D. He was invited to the New York City's Outsider Art Fair.
26. What does the underlined sentence in Paragraph 2 mean
A. He lived up to the expectation. B. He knew nothing about painting.
C. He rose to fame from an unknown. D. He had no trouble becoming famous.
27. According to Daniel Belardineli, Robert's painting is probably____.
A. subtle and life-like B. dull but meaningful
C. healing and peaceful D. primitive but powerful
28. What would be the best title for the text
A. A natural born artist B. A lonely orphan
C. A caring teacher D. A lucky dog
C
Implanted (植入的) devices, such as heart pacemakers, are a valuable part of modern medicine. Their use, however, is limited by the need to renew their batteries and this is a particular problem for those inside the wearer's head. Therefore, a way to power such implants without replacing their batteries at all would thus be welcome. And Dr Hyuck Choo and his colleagues think they have one. They plan to collect the necessary energy from the vibrations(震动) that occur when someone is talking.
DrChoo's power plants are small sheets of lead zirconate titanate, a material that produces electricity when it vibrates. He knew that sheets of the size he chose have a resonance (共振) at around 690Hz. This is well above the normal range of the human voice. Using larger sheets would lower the resonance frequency. So he sought to lower a sheet's resonance frequency without increasing its area by caring a special shape out of it. And it worked!
When Dr Choo and his colleagues tested the carved sheets by exposing them to a range of frequencies and monitoring the amount of electricity generated, they found that the voltage was between 100Hz and 120Hz (approximately the common frequencies of adult male vices), and also between 200Hz and 250Hz (the female voice s common frequencies). And, although the amount of power produced is not huge, it seems adequate for the task.
As Dr Choo reported at a conference on January 26", he and his team were able to harvest a tenth of a mill watt per square centimetre of lead zirconate titanate from the voice of a man talking at 70 decibels (分贝),which is normal speaking volume, and tents from someone shouting at 100 decibels Implants usually require a tenth of a mill watt or less to function so this suggests a practical device might be within reach-especially as the vibrations produced by the voice travel efficiently up through the skull, meaning the generator could be put into an implant.
29. What limits the use of implanted devices
A. The shape of the devices. B. The effect of the vibrations.
C. The need for continuous power. D. The difficulty in producing the battery
30. What problem did Dr Choo have to solve in Paragraph 2
A. To renew the batteries of the implants.
B. To make the resonance above the human voice.
C. To pick out suitable material for his power plants.
D. To ensure the resonance of the sheets fit in with the human voice.
31. What does “the task” in Paragraph 3 refer to
A. Exposing the sheet to sounds. B. Powering the implanted devices.
C. Lowering a sheet's resonance frequency. D. Monitoring the electricity produced.
32. What can we learn from the last paragraph
A. The voice powered device is likely to be available.
B. A man has to shout loudly when using the device.
C. The device will be put into production after the conference.
D. The generator should be put into the skull when used.
答案：
福建省宁德市2021-2022学年高二下学期期末考试英语试题
【答案】1. D 2. C 3. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了一些与茶有关的术语。
【1题详解】
主旨大意题。根据本文题目“Tea, High Tea, and Afternoon Tea”和第一段“Tea is a very important part of many people’s lives and it is important for those who drink tea or participate in tea meals to understand some terms related to tea.(茶是许多人生活中非常重要的一部分，对于那些喝茶或参与茶餐的人来说，理解一些与茶相关的术语是很重要的。)”可知，作者在开头就点明主题，所以本文主要介绍的是“关于茶的不同术语”。故选D项。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据High tea部分“The term comes from the meal being eaten at the “high” (main) table, instead of the smaller low table.( 这个词来源于在“高”或“主”桌子上吃饭，而不是在较小的低桌子上吃饭。)”可知，high tea这个词来源于吃茶餐的桌子，也就吃茶餐的地点。故选C项。
【3题详解】
细节理解题。根据Afternoon tea部分“Afternoon tea(or Low tea) is a light meal typically eaten at 4:00 pm.(下午茶或低茶是一顿下午4点吃的简餐。)”，High tea部分“High tea is an early evening meal, typically eaten between 5:00 and 6:00 pm. (高茶是一种早晚餐，通常在下午5点到6点之间吃。)”和Tea部分“Tea is the main evening meal, even if the diners are not drinking tea.( 茶是主要的晚餐，即使用餐者不喝茶。)”可知，high tea，afternoon tea和tea都属于茶餐，所以本文共介绍了三种茶餐。故选B项。
【答案】4. B 5. C 6. A 7. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道，主要讲的是很擅长做中国菜的美食家Fuchsia Dunlop对中国菜的看法以及她所出版的几本书的相关信息。
【4题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段的“Being raised in a household in Oxford always filled with flavors from Japan, Turkey, Spain, India and Austria, Dunlop dreamed of becoming a gourmet when she was little.(在牛津长大的邓洛普从小就梦想成为一名美食家，她的家庭里充满了来自日本、土耳其、西班牙、印度和奥地利的美食。)”可知，她的成长环境激励邓洛普成为美食家，故选B。
【5题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段的“Always keeping a notebook on hand wherever she went, she wrote down the recipes of the dishes she tasted, which resulted in the publication of her first book, Sichuan Cookery, in 2001.(无论走到哪里，她都随身带着一本笔记本，记下她尝过的菜肴的食谱，这促成了她的第一本书《四川烹饪》(Sichuan Cookery)在2001年出版。)”可知，邓洛普的第一本书是根据她对川菜的知识写的。故选C。
【6题详解】
推理判断题。根据倒数第二段的“In the book, Dunlop describes Jiangnan, the region south of the Yangtze River, as an area “blessed with a warm climate, fertile land, and lakes, rivers and coastal waters with plenty of fish and seafood”, and she regards the region as the heartland of the nation’s gastronomy.(在书中，邓洛普将长江以南的江南描述为一个“得天独厚的气候温暖、土地肥沃、湖泊、河流和沿海水域盛产鱼类和海鲜”的地区，并将该地区视为全国美食的中心地带。)”可知，邓洛普认为江南是中国的美食中心是因为那儿资源丰富。故选A。
【7题详解】
主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是第一段的“Fuchsia Dunlop is a gourmet (美食家) that’s better at Chinese dishes than European ones, and cooking has become a way for her to kill time in the “endless lockdown”.(Fuchsia Dunlop是一位比欧洲菜更擅长中国菜的美食家，在“无尽的封锁”中，烹饪成了她消磨时间的一种方式。)”和第二段的“Always keeping a notebook on hand wherever she went, she wrote down the recipes of the dishes she tasted, which resulted in the publication of her first book, Sichuan Cookery, in 2001. And since then, she has published four books about Sichuan cuisine.(无论走到哪里，她都随身带着一本笔记本，记下她尝过的菜肴的食谱，这促成了她的第一本书《四川烹饪》(Sichuan Cookery)在2001年出版。从那以后，她出版了四本关于川菜的书。)”可知，本文主要讲的是很擅长做中国菜的美食家Fuchsia Dunlop对中国菜的看法以及她所出版的几本书的相关信息，因此本文最好的题目是B选项“有很好的味觉的作家”，故选B。
【答案】8. D 9. B 10. A 11. A
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了一群同名Paul O’Sullivans的人跨时区组建乐队，创作歌曲的故事。
【8题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段“Feeling bored, he logged on to Facebook to find out just how many others shared his name. Moments later, dozens of Paul O’Sullivans popped out. Out of curiosity, he sent friend requests to them.(他觉得很无聊，于是登录了脸书，看看有多少人共享他的名字。片刻之后，数十名保罗·奥·沙利文现身。出于好奇，他向他们发送了朋友请求)”可知，巴尔的摩保罗是通过发送请求来联系其他保罗的。故选D项。
【9题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第三段“Baltimore Paul and Rotterdam Paul wrote and recorded a basic track, then e-mailed it to Manchester Paul, who recorded a bass track. Later, Pennsylvania Paul added the drumbeat. Round and round the track went, with each member adding on his own layer.(巴尔的摩保罗和鹿特丹保罗创作并录制了一首基本曲目，然后通过电子邮件发送给曼彻斯特保罗，曼彻斯特保罗添加了一首低音部分。后来，宾夕法尼亚州的保罗加入了鼓声。乐曲一圈又一圈地走着，每个成员都在自己的层上添加)”可知，第三段主要讲述了起初乐队是如何运行的。故选B项。
【10题详解】
词句猜测题。根据第五段“And when COVID-19 slowly shut down the world just weeks later, the Pauls didn’t miss a beat. After all, the band had already been skilled at remote work.(几周后，当2019冠状病毒疾病慢慢使世界关闭时，the Pauls didn’t miss a beat。毕竟，乐队已经熟练地进行了远程工作)”可知，保罗们的乐队已经对远程工作很熟悉，所以当新型冠状病毒导致世界关闭时，他们仍然可以继续创作音乐，所以划线句子表示“尽管封锁，乐队仍继续创作音乐”。故选A项。
【11题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段“Wouldn’t it be funny, he asked the other musical Pauls, if they formed a band called The Paul O’Sullivans So they did.(他问其他音乐家保罗，如果他们组成一个叫保罗·奥·沙利文的乐队，这不是很有趣吗？他们确实这样做了)”、第四段“But just months later, Baltimore Paul began experiencing health issues. To support him, the other Pauls shared family pictures and chatted live on Instagram.(但仅仅几个月后，巴尔的摩保罗开始出现健康问题。为了支持他，其他保罗分享了家庭照片，并在Instagram上进行了现场聊天)”以及最后一段“Half of the money made from the EP will be donated.(EP的一半收入将被捐赠)”可知，这支乐队全部由同名保罗·奥·沙利文的人组建，他们对乐队成员表示关怀，将捐赠唱片的一半收入，所以这支乐队是有创造性和乐于助人的。故选A项。
【答案】12. D 13. A 14. C 15. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲的是数字人类这一技术的发明和优点。
【12题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段的“Behind the surprise was the country’s rapid development of technology to produce digital humans. Digital humans can now engage in a whole range of human body language, backed by artificial intelligence that can interpret input and produce not just straightforward responses but appropriate nonverbal actions as well.(这一意外的背后是该国生产数字人类的技术的快速发展。在人工智能的支持下，数字人类现在可以使用一系列的人体语言，人工智能可以解读输入，不仅可以产生直接的反应，还可以产生适当的非语言行为。)”可知，第二段引出了数字人类这一技术，说明第一段所起的目的是引出话题，故选D。
【13题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段的“Digital humans can now engage in a whole range of human body language, backed by artificial intelligence that can interpret input and produce not just straightforward responses but appropriate nonverbal actions as well.(在人工智能的支持下，数字人类现在可以使用一系列的人体语言，人工智能可以解读输入，不仅可以产生直接的反应，还可以产生适当的非语言行为。)”可知，让数字人类能够做出各种各样的非语言行为的是人工智能。故选A。
【14题详解】
细节理解题。根据第五段的“Hua, a digital woman co-developed by the Beijing Academy of Artificial Intelligence, Zhipu AI and tech company Xiaoice is able to compose poetry and music and has some ability in reasoning and emotional interaction.(华是由北京人工智能研究院、Zhipu AI和科技公司Xiaoice联合开发的数字女性，能够创作诗歌和音乐，并具有一定的推理和情感互动能力。)”可知，Hua Zhibing有学习新事物的能力。故选C。
【15题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段的“For many companies that want to use digital humans, intelligent applications of high-end digital humans will be costly(对于许多想要使用数字人类的公司来说，高端数字人类的智能应用将是昂贵的)”可知，Pan Helin对数字人类的看法是雇佣数字人类的成本很高。故选A。
福建省宁德市2020-2021学年高二下学期期末考试英语试题
【答案】1. B 2. C 3. A
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇应用文。比利时是想要享受比利时人的美好生活和友好的游客的目的地。文章主要介绍了比利时的地理位置、卡通、巧克力和美食等情况。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段中“However, the country has long been regarded as the heart of Europe, which serves as the capital of the European Union. As a result, more than 1,400 international organizations and companies set up their headquarters there.(然而，这个国家一直被认为是欧洲心脏，是欧盟的首都。1400多个国际组织和企业在这里设立了总部)”可知，许多跨国公司把总部设在布鲁塞尔因为它是欧洲的心脏。故选B。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据最后一段中“Belgian people are as good at cooking as they are at making beers.(比利时人擅长烹饪就像他们擅长酿造啤酒一样)”可知，比利时人以酿造啤酒而闻名。故选C。
【3题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段“Belgium is a destination that appeals to travelers who want to enjoy the good life and the friendliness of Belgians.(比利时是想要享受比利时人的美好生活和友好的游客的目的地)”结合文章主要介绍了比利时的地理位置、卡通、巧克力和美食等情况。可推知，文章的写作目的是宣传比利时为旅游目的地。故选A。
【答案】4. B 5. C 6. B 7. D
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者在情人节这天，在班上和同学回忆自己六年级情人节这天被自己喜欢的男孩嘲笑的事情，作者从这件事情中鼓励同学交换卡片来表达欣赏。
【4题详解】
细节理解题。根据第六段““In sixth grade,” I began, “I fell in love. His name was David.” The girls were laughing. “So it was Valentine’s Day. I saw one enormous envelope on my desk. My mind raced: ‘Who could it be from ’ With trembling hands, I tore it open and there was a card. At the bottom I saw the signature and almost fainted: David. Then my eyes traveled up to the writing above his signature. It read, ‘To the Ugliest Girl in Our Class’”.(“六年级时，”我开始说，“我坠入了爱河。他的名字叫大卫。”女孩们在笑。“那天是情人节。我看到书桌上有一个巨大的信封。我的脑子飞快地转着：会是谁送的呢？我用颤抖的手撕开信封，里面有一张卡片。在信的底部，我看到了签名，差点晕了过去：大卫。然后我的目光转向他签名上方的笔迹。上面写着：“致我们班最丑的女孩”)”可知，作者上六年级的那个情人节，被大卫取笑了。故选B。
【5题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段中““And that’s why we’re going to have a card exchange.” Their eyes lighted up. “Write something positive and sincere to someone in the class. Even if it’s someone you barely know, there’s always something nice to say. Admire their fashion sense or their basketball skills. Tell them you appreciate their friendly smile.”(“这就是我们要交换卡片的原因。”他们的眼睛亮了起来。给班上的同学写一些积极而真诚的东西。即使对方是你不太了解的人，你也总能说些好听的话。欣赏他们的时尚感和篮球技术。 告诉他们你欣赏他们友好的微笑。” )”可知，班级交换卡片的目的是表达欣赏。故选C。
【6题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段“After 20 years of teaching, I harbor few hopes that students will remember all of the vocabulary. But if a student recalls of the lesson they received on Valentine’s Day, to me that makes it all worthwhile.(经过20年的教学工作，我对学生能记住所有的词汇不抱什么希望。但是，如果一个学生回忆起他们在情人节上的课，对我来说，这一切都是值得的)”可推知，作者认为她的情人节传统的结果很宝贵。故选B。
【7题详解】
主旨大意题。根据最后一段“After 20 years of teaching, I harbor few hopes that students will remember all of the vocabulary. But if a student recalls of the lesson they received on Valentine’s Day, to me that makes it all worthwhile.(经过20年的教学工作，我对学生能记住所有的词汇不抱什么希望。但是，如果一个学生回忆起他们在情人节上的课，对我来说，这一切都是值得的)”结合文章主要讲述了作者在情人节这天，在班上和同学回忆自己六年级情人节这天被自己喜欢的男孩嘲笑的事情，作者从这件事情中鼓励同学交换卡片来表达感激。可知，D选项“情人节课”最符合文章标题。故选D。
【答案】8. C 9. A 10. A 11. C
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇说明文。在如今疫情泛滥的情况下，人们每周使用的口罩数量很大，为了回收这些废弃的口罩，澳大利亚的墨尔本的研究人员提出了方案：他们在铺路材料中加入了数百万个口罩。发现用于制作一次性口罩的聚丙烯塑料，可以增加道路的弹性。
【8题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段“To recycle the abandoned masks, Jie Li and his team added millions of face masks to road-paving (铺路) materials. They found the polypropylene plastic used to make single-use face masks could really increase the flexibility of the road.”（为了回收这些废弃的口罩，李杰和他的团队在铺路材料中添加了数百万个口罩。他们发现用于制作一次性口罩的聚丙烯塑料，确实可以增加道路的弹性。）可知，研究人员进行研究的目的是为了回收这些废弃的口罩，即为了减少带给环境的压力。选项C“减少对环境的负担”与文意相符，故选C。
【9题详解】
词句猜测题。根据第二段中“Jie Li and his team added millions of face masks to road-paving (铺路) materials.”（李杰和他的团队在铺路材料中添加了数百万个口罩。）及第三段中“The new composite material a mixture of about 2% masks”（这种新的composite材料混合了2% 的口罩）可知，这种新型材料是混有口罩的合成物。所以划线词的意思为“混合物，合成物”，选项A符合题意，故选A。
【10题详解】
细节理解题。根据倒数第二段第一句“Li and his team did a cost-analysis and found that, at $26 per ton, the RCA was about half the cost of mining materials, and as much as a third of the cost of shipping the used masks to a landfill (垃圾填埋场).”（李杰和他的团队进行了成本分析，发现以每吨26美元计算，RCA大约是采矿材料成本的一半，是将旧口罩运往垃圾填埋场成本的三分之一。）可知，这种新型材料的使用会节约费用。选项A“这样可以省钱”与文意相符，故选A。
【11题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段“The team is going to look for industry partners or governments willing to give their plastic mask road an opportunity for a large-scale test.”（该团队将寻找行业合作伙伴或政府，而行业合作伙伴或政府愿意为他们的塑料口罩道路提供一个进行大规模测试的机会。）可推知，李杰和他的团队将寻求对该项目的支持方，进而可以进行大规模的试验。选项C“寻求合作”符合题意，故选C。
【答案】12. B 13. D 14. A 15. D
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章说明了拖延症普遍性以及拖延症带来的后果，进而提出随着人们的年龄增长，人们更倾向减少拖延，原因在于时间对人们很有限。
【12题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段中“Kelli Saginak, a 57-year-old functional health coach from Wisconsin, procrastinated about looking for a new job for years. ”（Kelli Saginak 来自威斯康星州，现年57岁，是一名功能健康教练，多年来一直在拖延找新工作。）可知，这儿通过给出具体的事例来说明有拖延症的人在生活中存在的普遍性。选项B.“By giving an example.”（举例子）符合题意，故选B。
【13题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段中“Procrastinators believe that they are more effective under pressure. But researchers have different opinions. “I once did an experiment, putting procrastinators under restrictions of time,” said Tim Pychyl. “They made more errors. They took longer than nonprocrastinators, but they thought they did better.””（拖延者认为他们在压力下更有效率。但是研究人员有不同的观点。Tim Pychyl说：“我曾经做过一个实验，把拖延者置于时间的限制之下，他们犯了更多的错误。他们花的时间比不拖延的人长，但他们认为自己做得更好。”）可知，患有拖延症的人在压力下的工作效率更低。选项D.“Procrastinators are less effective under pressure.”（拖延症患者在压力下效率较低。）与文意相符，故选D。
【14题详解】
细节理解题。根据最后一段中““It becomes clearer: How many summers do we have left Ten Fifteen They’re really limited. What are you going to do with each of those summers ””（事情变得更清楚了: 我们还剩下多少个夏天？十个？十五个？它们真的很有限。每个夏天你打算做什么 ”）可推知，当人们年老时，时间对他们很有限，人们会倾向于减少拖延。选项A.“They are aware of the limited time.”（他们知道时间有限。）与文意相符，故选A。
【15题详解】
推理判断题。纵观全文，文章在第一段引出了话题：拖延症在生活中是普遍的，进而在第二段中通过事例说明了患有拖延症的人往往认为自己会在压力下工作的效率高，然而通过实验发现，有拖延症的人在压力下工作的效率更低。第三段提到随着人们的年龄增长，人们更倾向减少拖延，原因在于时间对人们很有限。所以本文可能来自于对人们拖延症的研究。选项D.“A science magazine.”（一本科学杂志。）符合题意，故选D。
福建省宁德市2019-2020学年高二下学期期末考试英语试题
21-24BADB 25-28CCDA 29-32CDBA