2023届高三英语二轮复习被动语态课件(共19张PPT)

(共19张PPT)
被动语态
passive voice
选择性必修四/高考复习
目 录
2
1
3
使用被动语态要注意的问题
基本构成
难点突破
content
第
一
章
节
di
yi
zhang
jie
基本构成
beinvdjnc
一、基本构成
项目 一般时态 进行时态 完成时态
现在 am/is/are done am/is/are being done has/have been done
过去 was/were done was/were being done had been done
将来 shall/will be done —— shall/will have been done
do
did
will do
is/are doing
was/were doing
will be doing
have done
had done
will have done
+被动语态：be done
beinvdjnc
基本构成
项目 一般时态 进行时态 完成时态
现在 am/is/are done am/is/are being done has/have been done
过去 was/were done was/were being done had been done
将来 shall/will be done —— shall/will have been done
do
did
shall/will do
is/are doing
was/were doing
will/shall be doing
have done
had done
shall/will have done
+被动语态：be done
1) You have to be 18 years old before
you ________ to drive a car.
A. allow B. are allowed C. allowed
解析：看主句 have to...，确定用一般现在时。再看 you 和 allow 的关系，你岁数到了允许你开，不到不允许你开。作为安分守己的良好公民，我们被允许了，才可以上路哦～ 果断找 be done。
B
2) The number of deaths from lung cancer will be reduced greatly if people ________ to quit smoking.
A. are persuaded
B. be persuaded
C. persuaded
解析：耐心点看完句子，整理出大概意思：“因肺癌死亡的人数将大幅减少，如果人们 ________ 戒烟” 。再看横线前面的 people，和选项里的 persuade “说服”；在这里，指如果烟民能被说服去戒烟。
综上，横线处属从句，填一般现在时 are persuaded。
A
3) The house ________ since the Greens
left for Japan.
A. hasn’t cleaned
B. hasn’t been cleaned
C. weren’t
解析：找关键词：since，表示“从过去到现在”，现在完成时。再看 house 和 clean 的关系：房子肯定是被人打扫的嘛。所以，找选项里既有完成时，又有 be done 结构的就ok啦。
B
第
二
章
节
di
er
zhang
jie
使用被动语态要注意的问题
He was extremely disappointed to hear that he would not be given a doctor's degree.
听到不会获得博士学位，他失望透顶。
1．否定词not的位置：在第一个助动词或情态动词之后
We saw him sitting there without doing anything.
＝He was seen sitting there without doing anything.
我们看见他坐在那儿，什么也没做。
His words made me throw up.
＝I was made to throw up by his words.
他的话令我作呕。
2．主动句的谓语动词带有复合宾语时，应将宾语变成被动句的主语，而将宾语补足语保留不动，这时的宾语补足语变成了主语补足语。
在主动语态中，make、 hear、 see等词后接动词不定式时要省略to，但在被动语态中不能省略。
My father is telling me an interesting story now.
＝An interesting story is being told to me by my father now.
＝I'm being told an interesting story by my father now.
爸爸正在给我讲一个有趣的故事。
3．带双宾语的动词作谓语的主动句转换为被动句时，可将表示物的直接宾语变为主语，用for或to引出表示人的间接宾语，或将表示人的间接宾语变为主语，直接宾语保留。
The old man was often laughed at.
那位老人经常被嘲笑。
4．短语动词在主动结构中是不可分割的，在被动结构中也是如此，不可去掉动词后面的介词或副词。
第
三
章
节
di
san
zhang
jie
难点突破——主动形式表示被动意义
The food tastes delicious.
这种食物尝起来美味可口。
What he said at the meeting sounded encouraging.
他在会上说的话听起来令人备受鼓舞。
1．连系动词(如look、 sound、 smell、 feel、 taste、 remain、 seem、 hear、 appear、 prove 等)后接表语时，一般用主动形式表示被动意义。
This kind of cloth washes easily and lasts long.
这种布料容易洗，并且经久耐用。
The pen my father gave me as a birthday gift writes smoothly.
父亲作为生日礼物给我的钢笔写起来很流畅。
2．当 wash、 write、 sell、 open、 close、 shut、 lock、 cook等不及物动词后加副词(easily、 well等)时，通常用主动形式表示被动意义。
His hair needs cutting.
→His hair needs to be cut.
他的头发需要剪了。
3．need、 want、 require、 deserve等后可以用动词-ing形式的主动形式表示被动意义
The novel is worth reading again.
→The novel is worthy to be read again.
这部小说值得再读一次。
4．be worth doing 可转换为be worthy to be done，用主动形式表示被动意义
Thank you